高中英語(yǔ)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法3

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法3教學(xué)目標(biāo)：讓學(xué)生了解非謂語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的用法。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。教學(xué)步驟：(一)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法.不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有些動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)，即“動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)+ sb. + to do”。常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi) 動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：advise建議 allow允許 ask詢(xún)問(wèn)；要求beg 乞求 cause 導(dǎo)致 encourage 鼓勵(lì)expect期望forbid禁止force強(qiáng)迫intend意欲invite邀請(qǐng) order訂購(gòu)persuade 說(shuō)服 prefer 喜愛(ài) require 需要teach教

2、remind提醒 tell告訴want想要 warn警告 wish想要wait for等待 depend on依靠call on號(hào)召；要求The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.醫(yī)生警告他不要吃太多的肉。He depends on you to help him with his English.他指望你幫助他學(xué)英語(yǔ)。.分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行。They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他們使用電腦以使交通暢通無(wú)阻。(2)過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)

3、足語(yǔ)時(shí)，表被動(dòng)、完成。He tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.他試圖使自己的工作在醫(yī)學(xué)界得到認(rèn)可。.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, observe, hear, notice等的賓補(bǔ)有以下形式(以see為例)：see sb. do sth.看見(jiàn)某人做了某事I saw him leave a few minutes ago.我看見(jiàn)他兒分鐘前離開(kāi)了。see sb. doing sth.看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事The suspect was seen entering the building

4、.有人看見(jiàn)疑犯進(jìn)入了大樓。see sb./sth. done看見(jiàn)某人/某物被Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.（2015-陜西高考單項(xiàng)選擇）在非洲提供了兩年的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，李醫(yī)生回來(lái)后十分高興地看到家里的母親得到了很好的 照顧。（2）常見(jiàn)的使役動(dòng)詞有四個(gè)：have, make, let, get,表示“使，讓”的含義。have/make/let sb. do sth似及get sb. to do s

5、th.表示“讓/使某人做某事 賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)之間 為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。The teacher had/made/let some students stay in the classroom after school.The teacher got some students to stay in the classroom after school.放學(xué)后老師讓一些學(xué)生待在教室里。Tipsmake用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后要用帶to的不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。He was made to work day and night.他被迫日夜工作。have/get+sb./sth.+doing sth.讓某人/某

6、物一直做某事He had the light burning all night, which made his parents very angry.他讓燈著了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。Tips：have sb. doing sth.用于否認(rèn)句中，常與cant, won等連用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。I wont have you speaking to your dad like that.我不容許你和你父親那樣講話。have/get/make +賓語(yǔ)+done讓被/遭遇某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)性動(dòng)作）Fil have/get/make my bike repaired tomorrow.我明天得

7、（請(qǐng)人）修一下我的自行車(chē)。He had his wallet stolen on his way home.在回家的路上，他的錢(qián)包被偷了。（二）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的用法.不定式作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)（1）不定式作主語(yǔ)，一般表示具體某一次的動(dòng)作。常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而不定式是真正 的主語(yǔ)，放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。To climb the mountain is hard work but to go down the mountain is great fun.上山很艱難，下山卻很好玩。(2)It is not easy to find your way around the town.在這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)

8、要找到路很不容易。(2)不定式作表語(yǔ)常用來(lái)表示預(yù)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可用來(lái)表示未來(lái)的可能性和假設(shè)； 但當(dāng)不定式所作的表語(yǔ)僅用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，這時(shí)的不定式只作單純的表語(yǔ)，而不具有 未來(lái)的含義。His wish is to be a doctor in the future.他的愿望是將來(lái)當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。My job is to clean the rooms every day.我的工作是每天清掃房間。.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞作真 正的主語(yǔ)放在句末。常用于固定句型：Ifs a waste of time doing .； Its no use/good doing； It is useless . doing .； There is no 等中。Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.掌握基本的急救技能將會(huì)有助于你在遇到緊急情況時(shí)迅速作出反響。It is no use complaining without taking action.不采取行動(dòng)而只是抱怨是沒(méi)有用的。There is no joking about s