商務(wù)英語綜合教程第二冊unit-2-Globalization課件

1、Unit 2GlobalizationUnit 2GlobalizationWarm-up ActivitiesBackground InformationText AnalysisExtended ActivitiesWritingContent Warm-up ActivitiesBackground IWarm-up activitiesI. Pair worksThink about the definition of globalization and talk with your partner.II. Group work Globalization is a forceful

2、phenomenon, and also a buzzword. Work in small groups, discussing the functions of globalization and the way globalization reshapes economy and society.Warm-up activitiesI. Pair work商務(wù)英語綜合教程第二冊unit-2-Globalization課件商務(wù)英語綜合教程第二冊unit-2-Globalization課件Background The original era of globalization lasted

3、from 1880 to 1914 when WWI began. Only twice in history has free trade had such a powerful advocate - first when Britain reigned supreme in the mid-19th century, and, second, in the decades following WWII when the US did.Background The original era ofEffects of Globalization: economy: global common

4、market (free exchange of goods & capital) finance: worldwide financial markets industry: broader access to a range of foreign products; free movement of material and goods culture & society: growth of cross-cultural contacts & communication; greater immigrationEffects of Globalization:advantages of

5、globalizationMore job chances More product optionsPromote peace and stability in the world More cultural communicationLower marketing costsdisadvantages of globalizationDeveloped countries high unemploymentNational culture shock Ecological environment from being destroyed Widening gap between rich a

6、nd poorNot stable economic structure advantages of globalizationMorClaim1 Globalization is about the liberalization and global integration of marketsgovernmentmarketneoliberalliberalizationglobal integration of marketsGlobalist message of liberalizing and integrating markets is only realizable throu

7、gh the political project of engineering free markets. Thus, globalists must be prepared to utilize the powers of government to weaken and eliminate those social policies and institutions that curtail the market.Liberation+ integration of market =globalization?!Claim1 Globalization is about Claim2 gl

8、obalization is inevitable and irreversiblePeople must adapt to the discipline of the market if they are to survive and prosper.Workers and employers might lose jobs or social benefits as a result of neoliberal policies.A reason that globalists use as a tool to promote globalization.The idea of inevi

9、tabilitymarket force share the burdens of globalization liberate from the political controlClaim2 globalization is inevitChina joins the WTOState-owned enterprises in China are undergoing great difficulties, which will be more acute with the flow of foreign competitors into China. obligationschallen

10、gesLower the tariffPromise to service industry Chinas accession do more good than harm Reduce the tariff rateEnlarge and deepen the opening-up scope of service industry.Chinas management will be in some extent be restricted by the WTO rulesChina joins the WTOState-ownedText Analysis1. The same force

11、s from globalization that allow businesses to operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists, labor organizers, journalists, academics, and many others to work on a global stage.全球化產(chǎn)生一種力量，使得企業(yè)的運作似乎沒有了國界，同樣這個力量也使得社會活動家、勞動組織者、新聞記者、教育工作者以及其他許多人的活動都能夠在全球平臺上進行。force 1. V-T If so

12、meone forces you to do something, they make you do it even though you do not want to, for example, by threatening you. 強迫例： He took two women hostage and forced them to drive away from the area. 他劫持了兩名女人質(zhì)并強迫她們開車離開這個地區(qū)。Text Analysis1. The same forcText Analysis2. V-T If a situation or event forces yo

13、u to do something, it makes it necessary for you to do something that you would not otherwise have done. 迫使例： A back injury forced her to withdraw from Wimbledon. 一處背傷迫使她退出了溫布爾登網(wǎng)球賽。3. V-T If someone forces something on or upon you, they make you accept or use it when you would prefer not to. 強加 例： T

14、o force this agreement on the nation is wrong. 把這項協(xié)議強加于這個國家是錯誤的。Text Analysis2. V-T If a situ4. N-UNCOUNT If someone uses force to do something, or if it is done by force, strong and violent physical action is taken in order to achieve it. 武力例：The government decided against using force to break up t

15、he demonstrations. 政府決定不使用武力來驅(qū)散示威游行。5. N-UNCOUNT Force is the power or strength which something has. 力量例： The force of the explosion shattered the windows of several buildings. 那次爆炸的力量震碎了幾棟建筑的窗子。4. N-UNCOUNT If someone uses Text Analysis6. N-COUNT If you refer to someone or something as a force in a

16、 particular type of activity, you mean that they have a strong influence on it. 勢力; 強大影響力例： The band is still an innovative force in music. 該樂隊仍是音樂界的一支創(chuàng)新力量。by force 強迫地；靠武力；憑藉暴力 driving force 驅(qū)動力，推動力 in force 有效的；大批地；大規(guī)模地 labour force n. 勞動力 labor force 勞動力 air force 空軍 motive force 動力；起動力，原動力 force

17、 on 強加于， 強迫.接受Text Analysis6. N-COUNT If yoText Analysisborder 1. N The border between two countries or regions is the dividing line between them. Sometimes the border also refers to the land close to this line. 邊界; 邊界地區(qū)例： Soldiers had temporarily closed the border between the two countries. 士兵們已暫時封

18、閉了兩國的邊界。2. V-T A country that borders another country, a sea, or a river is next to it. 與接壤例： .the European and Arab countries bordering the Mediterranean. 地中海沿岸的歐洲國家和阿拉伯國家。border area 邊境區(qū)域 border region 邊界地區(qū) on the border of 臨近；將要 border on 接界；相鄰于；近似于 border trade 邊境貿(mào)易Text Analysisborder Text Analy

19、sisexist 1. V-I If something exists, it is present in the world as a real thing. 存在例： Research opportunities exist in a wide range of areas. 研究機會存在于廣泛的領(lǐng)域中。2. V-I To exist means to live, especially under difficult conditions or with very little food or money. (尤指在困境中) 生存例： I was barely existing. 我?guī)缀趸?/p>

20、不下去了。例： Some people exist on melons or coconuts for weeks at a time. 有些人一度數(shù)周靠各種瓜與椰子生存。exist in vt. 存在于 exist as 以形式(或形態(tài))存在，作為而存在， exist on 靠生存；靠生活 Text Analysisexist Text Analysis2. By selling and producing products in different countries, an international company can be able to spread its risks and

21、 uncertainties of an economic downturn in a particular part of the world by diversifying its business globally.通過在各個國家生產(chǎn)和銷售商品，這就可以在全球范圍內(nèi)分散某一特定地區(qū)因經(jīng)濟低迷而發(fā)生的風(fēng)險和不確定因素。uncertainty 1. Uncertainty is a state of doubt about the future or about what is the right thing to do. 不確定狀態(tài)例： .a period of political unc

22、ertainty. 一段政治不穩(wěn)定時期。downturn 1. If there is a downturn in the economy or in a company or industry, it becomes worse or less successful than it had been. 衰退例： They predicted a severe economic downturn. 他們預(yù)言將會有一次嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟衰退。economic downturn 經(jīng)濟低迷；經(jīng)濟不景氣；經(jīng)濟滑坡 Text Analysis2. By selling anText Analysis3. Ano

23、ther tactic these governments use to protect their local markets is the introduction of heavy restrictions for foreign-owned companies to be established in their country; this is also known as red tape.政府保護他們當(dāng)?shù)厥袌龅牧硪粋€策略手段就是對企圖在他們國家落戶的外國企業(yè)設(shè)置重重限制，這也被稱為官樣文章、紅頭文件。tactic tktik n. a plan for attaining a pa

24、rticular goal策略，戰(zhàn)略例：Over the next few months, however, that tactic will be difficult to sustain. 然而在接下去的幾個月這個策略將很難維持下去。Text Analysis3. Another tactiText Analysisrestriction 1. A restriction is an official rule that limits what you can do or that limits the amount or size of something. 限制條例例： .the li

25、fting of restrictions on political parties and the news media. 政黨和新聞媒體限制條例的取消。2. You can refer to anything that limits what you can do as a restriction. 限制例： His parents are trying to make up to him for the restrictions of urban living. 他的父母正試圖為城市生活的諸多限制而補償他。red tape: Red tape is excessive regulatio

26、n or rigid conformity to formal rules that is considered redundant or bureaucratic and hinders or prevents action or decision-making. It is usually applied to governments, corporations and other large organizations 官樣文章，紅頭文件Text Analysisrestriction Exercise:I. Answer the following questions accordin

27、g to the text:1. What is called globalization?2. What forces dose globalization have?3. What are the positive impacts of globalization on international business?1. Goods and services produced in one part of the world are increasingly available in all parts of the world. International communication i

28、s commonplace. This phenomenon has been titled “globalization”.2. The same forces from globalization that allow businesses to operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists, labor organizers, journalists, academics, and many others to work on a global stage.3. One of the op

29、portunities created by globalization for international businesses is that it creates bigger markets and another is what we call the business cycle.Exercise:I. Answer the follow4. How many threats brought by globalization to the international business?5. What measures the government will take to prot

30、ect the local company?6. How should the international do to deal with the local government protection?7. Whats the main objective of an international company?4. The biggest threat international businesses have to deal with is that of local governments and another threat international businesses face

31、 is language and cultural differences.5. To protect local companies, governments have imposed numerous sorts of barriers and regulations to keep the import of foreign goods at a minimum. Another tactic these governments use to protect their local markets is the introduction of heavy restrictions for

32、 foreign-owned companies to be established in their country; this is also known as red tape.6. To counter this threat international business can engage in a strategic alliance with a local company, which makes them part local, part international.7. The main objective of an international company is t

33、o combine its business practices from the different countries in which it operates to attain the lowest possible production cost and highest possible profit.4. How many threats brought by8. How should the international company do to overcome the language and cultural differences?9. How should the in

34、ternational company do can globalization have a positive effect on them?8. An international company must be able to modify their production capabilities to the specific needs of the countries which they target. 9. Globalization can have a positive effect on international businesses as long as the in

35、ternational corporations remain national responsive and know exactly what they are up against when entering foreign markets.8. How should the internationa10. How should we evaluate the globalization?10. As Friedman says: Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive. It can demo

36、cratize opportunity and democratize panic. While it is homogenizing cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider. Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits. Just as capitalism requires a

37、network of governing systems to keep it from devouring societies, globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.10. How should we evaluate theWord PracticeFill in the blanks with appropriate words from the text. Theinitial letter of each word has been supplied for you.1. It is a c_ that Ameri

38、can consumers have kept the world economy spinning. 2. In the last two centuries, the human d_ of ecosystem has led to the daily extinction of 20 species. 3. There is no a_ of any kind to change the private -sector basis of our economy. 4. They share much of their profile with many other strong beer

39、s, yet retain more i_. 5. Immigrant advocates c_ that the current fee hike is far greater than any previous increases. 1. commonplace 2. destruction 3. aspiration 4. individuality 5. counter Word Practice1. commonplace 26. “Too big to fail” is a powerful b_ to entry, because no newcomer to an indust

40、ry begins by being too big to fail.7. There are only three ways of securing action to further the public good: voluntary co-operation, market pressures and c_ action by a central authority. 8. The process of engaging employees at all levels more fully in the business e_ them to assume certain respon

41、sibilities and contribute to operational and product improvements. 9. Establishment b_ trade district is one of efficient routes. 10. These are typically clients who have an affinity for Asia and want to d_ their assets for portfolio reasons or to make investments here. 6. barrier 7. coercive 8. emp

42、owering 9. border 10. diversify 6. “Too big to fail” is a poweWord PracticeFill in the blanks with the appropriate words or phrases given in thebox. Change the forms where necessary. protective mitigate demonize consistentdemocratize strident devour dissectincredibly modify intensive1. Polaroid was

43、_a protector of both its trademark and its patents. 2. Foreigners _American cultural exports, from Desperate Housewives to the Harvard Business Review. 3. All we have to do is _the market into its component parts and look at how the parts operate. 1. strident 2. devour 3. dissectWord Practice4. Firs

44、t real estate developers to_, have great relations with the media.5. Please ask_ shipping terms instead of two equal shipments in May &June. 6. Viktor Kremenyuk agrees his country must_, if it is to modernize its economy. But he says outside pressure could be counterproductive. 7. Google became a ve

45、ry worthy like a verb within 24 hours at after it became a thing. So its an _entrepreneurial. 4. demonize 5. modify 6. democratize 7. incredibly4. First real estate developer8. As a result, the European Union, Japan and Korea have brought _accusation against the US to the WTO and are ready to take u

46、rgent measures. 9. “The efforts to manage the size of our balance sheet are appropriate and our policies are _with all applicable accounting and legal requirements.” a Bank of America spokesman said. 10. People who want to learn how to start city farms can get _training at these workshops in Milwauk

47、ee. 8. protective 9. consistent 10. intensive 8. As a result, the European UIV. TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English: 1. 出口讓我們的市場多元化，還可以平攤風(fēng)險。2. 改革的障礙總是政治上的，而非經(jīng)濟上的。 3. 美國則必須改革在資產(chǎn)泡沫后出現(xiàn)的僵化規(guī)定。4. 目前為止所有的跡象都表明中國在近幾十年里將踏上民主之路。5. 在那樣的情況下，該體系可能需要添加一些鼓勵持續(xù)發(fā)展的新合約。 1. Exporting allows us to

48、diversify our markets and spread our risk.2. The barrier to reform has always been political, not economic.3. America must counter the rigidities that have arisen after its asset bust.4. Every indication so far is that China is on track to democratize within a few decades.5. In that event, new contr

49、acts to encourage consistent development may need to be added to the system. IV. TranslationV. Reading comprehensionRead the text carefully, and choose the best answer.Long before the white man came to the America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees lived i

50、n what is now the southeastern part of the United States. After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by maki

51、ng word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible-there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using this own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to

52、learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.V. Reading comprehensionIn 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They h

53、ad lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River? The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small

54、 children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buri

55、ed by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death.In 1830, the U.S. Congress paThe Cherokee Nation used to live_A) on the American continent.B) In the southeastern part of the US.C) Beyond the Mississippi River.D

56、) In the western territory.2. One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of_A) writing down the spoken language.B) Making word pictures.C) Teaching his people reading.D) Printing their own newspaper.3. A law was passed in 1830 to_A) allow the Cherokees to stay where they were

57、.B) Send the army to help the Cherokees.C) Force the Cherokees to move westward.D) Forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper.1. B 2. A 3. C The Cherokee Nation used to li4. When the Cherokees began to leave their lands.A) they went in carts.B) They went on horseback.C) They marched on foot.D) All

58、 of the above.5. Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because_A) they were not willing to go there.B) The government did not provide transportationC) They did not have enough food and clothes.D) The journey was long and boring. 4. D 5. C4. When the Cherokees began toWriting E-ma

59、il As more commerce takes place online, its become important to be able to communicate with partners via email.I. The elements of E-mail 1. SubjectsGive the message a subject/title. E-mail messages without a subject may not be opened because of a fear of viruses and especially note that it is very e

60、asy to forget to type this important information. Keep the subject short and clear but avoid such headings as: Good News, Hello, Message from Mary. These headings are common in messages containing viruses. Short but specific headings are needed.Writing2. GreetingsStart the message with a greeting so