2022年考研考博-考博英語-西北大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號49

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西北大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題The Americans lost the nuclear weapon monopoly when the Soviets exploded their first atomic bomb.問題1選項A.controlB.businessC.superiorityD.privilege【答案】A【解析】句意：蘇聯(lián)第一顆原子彈爆炸后，美國失去了核武器的壟斷地位。monopoly意為“壟斷，專賣”，也就是具有控制權(quán)。所以contr

2、ol與之意思相近。2.單選題Tom wasnt happy about the delay, and （ ）.問題1選項A.I was neitherB.I wasnt neitherC.neither was ID.either was I【答案】C【解析】句意：湯姆對耽擱很不高興，我也是。根據(jù)句意可知，前后表示同樣的情況，肯定用So+助動詞+主語，否定用Neither+ 助動詞+主語，所以選項C正確。3.單選題An abstract is（ ） form of an academic article. Many journals publish abstracts so readers c

3、an decide if it is worthwhile to read the full version of the article.問題1選項A.conciseB.comprehensiveC.concreteD.conceptual【答案】A【解析】concise簡明的，簡潔的；comprehensive綜合的，廣泛的；concrete具體的，有形的；conceptual概念上的。句意：摘要是學術(shù)文章的簡潔形式。許多學術(shù)期刊會刊登摘要，以便讀者決定是否值得閱讀全文。選項A符合句意。4.單選題He was meticulous in checking his accounts.問題1選

4、項A.extremely slowB.incredibly quickC.excessively carefulD.unbelievably care【答案】C【解析】meticulous意為一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的。選項C與之意思相近。5.單選題One never can see the thing in itself, because the mind does not （ ）phenomena.問題1選項A.transcendB.superiorC.passD.advantage【答案】A【解析】transcend勝過，超越；superior上級的，優(yōu) 秀的；pass經(jīng)過，傳遞；advan

5、tage有利于，使處于優(yōu)勢。句意：一個人永遠無法看到事物本身，因為思想無法超越現(xiàn)象。選項A符合語境。6.翻譯題人們對金錢有各自的看法。有的人喜歡錢是因為錢能為他們買到東西，另一些人則把它看作安全的保障。有的人擔心自己永遠掙不到足夠的錢，另一些人則不喜歡有太多的錢。人們對于錢的態(tài)度取決于許多方面：在什么樣的環(huán)境中長大，習慣于擁有多少錢，是為錢而努力工作還是為喜歡的工作而掙錢。甚至人們對生活的信念也影響對金錢的看法。對于金錢的態(tài)度沒有正確和錯誤之分，每種態(tài)度都自有其合理之處?！敬鸢浮縋eople have their own views on money. Some people like mon

6、ey because money can buy things for them, while others treat it as a security guarantee. Some people worry that they will never earn enough money, while others would not like to have too much money. Peoples attitude towards money depends on many aspects such as in what kind of environment you grow u

7、p, how much money you are used to obtaining, and you work hard for making money or make money just because you love the job. Even the faith of peoples life also affects the view on money. There is no right or wrong attitude towards money, and each attitude has its own reasonable point.7.單選題The Badla

8、nds National Park was established in South Dakota to preserve this weirdly beautiful region.問題1選項A.trulyB.strangelyC.exceedinglyD.impressively【答案】B【解析】句意：荒地國家公園是在南達科塔州建立的，旨在保護這個奇特的美麗地區(qū)。weirdly意為“古怪地，奇特地”。truly真實地；strangely奇妙地，不可思議地；exceedingly非常，極其；impressively令人難忘地。選項B與之意思相近。8.單選題Americans feel tha

9、t using someones words in a research paper without referencing them is tantamount to stealing.問題1選項A.necessaryB.unbelievableC.acceptableD.equivalent【答案】D【解析】句意：美國人認為，在研究論文中使用某人的話而不提及他們，就相當于是抄襲。tantamount意為“等于，相當于”。equivalent相等的，同意義的。選項D與之意思相近。9.單選題We are not sure that he will be able to （ ）the shock

10、 of going bankrupt.問題1選項A.get overB.put throughC.take upD.depend upon【答案】A【解析】get over 克服，恢復，熬過；put through 接通，完成，使經(jīng)受；take up拿起，開始從事；depend upon依賴，取決于。句意：我們不確定他能否從破產(chǎn)的打擊中恢復過來。選項A符合句意。10.單選題His attempts to （ ）the two friends failed because they had complete faith in each other.問題1選項A.alienateB.abuseC.

11、alleviateD.abandon【答案】A【解析】alienate使疏遠，離間；abuse濫用，虐待；alleviate減輕，緩和；abandon 遺棄，放棄。句意：他疏遠這兩個朋友的企圖失敗了，因為他們彼此之間完全信任。選項A符合語境。11.單選題The study of law, with its great number of cases, statutes, and contracts, can be a tedious process.問題1選項A.a curiousB.an overwhelmingC.a challengingD.a tiresome【答案】D【解析】句意：學

12、習法律，由于它有大量的案例、法規(guī)和合同，可能是一個乏味的過程。tedious意為“沉悶的，冗長乏味的”。tiresome煩人的，無聊的，所以選項D與之意思相近。12.單選題The apartment has been （ ）sine Smiths moved out.問題1選項A.vacantB.versatileC.vacuumD.vain【答案】A【解析】vacant 空虛的，空缺的，空閑的；versatile多才多藝的，萬能的；vacuum 真空的；vain 徒勞的，自負的。句意：自從Smith搬出去后，那套公寓一直空著。選項A符合句意。13.單選題Humor has been well

13、 defined as: “Thinking in fun while feeling in earnest”.問題1選項A.幽默被人很好地解釋為：“帶著認真的情緒滑稽地思考”。B.幽默被人很恰當?shù)亟忉尀椋骸罢J真地感覺,不認真地思考”。C.幽默被人很巧妙地詮釋為：“一面認真地感覺一面滑稽地思考”。【答案】A【解析】本題的關(guān)鍵在于對引語的翻譯，相比較之下，選項A翻譯最為準確。14.單選題The article insinuated that the official was bribed.問題1選項A.denied positivelyB.stated flatlyC.argued convin

14、cinglyD.suggested indirectly【答案】D【解析】insinuate意為暗示。denied positively明確否認；stated flatly平平的陳述；argued convincingly 令人信服地論證；suggested indirectly迂回的表示。選項D與之意思相近。15.翻譯題1.Libraries other than those listed above require additional registration before you can access their collections.2.In the past, he used t

15、o tell us of his expeditions through the woods and fields round his home, and how he explored the solitary brooks and ponds; and then he described the curious animals and birds he saw.3.七月份中國消費物價指數(shù)與去年同期比下降了 0.9%, 而六月份該指數(shù)下降了 0.8%?！敬鸢浮?.除了上面列舉的圖書館外，使用其他圖書館的藏書，你還需要另行注冊。2.以前他時常對我說關(guān)于他在他家周圍的森林和原野中探險的事，以及他

16、怎樣找到一些偏僻的溪流和池塘的情形，然后他會描述他所見到的珍禽異獸。3.Chinas consumer price index in July dropped by 0.9 percent compared with that of the same period in last year and the index fell 0.8% in June.16.單選題Let me stand in with you if its very expensive.問題1選項A.bargain for youB.borrow money for youC.share the cost with you

17、D.stand on your side【答案】C【解析】stand in with意為與聯(lián)合，同分擔。bargain for you討價還價；borrow money for you 借錢；share the cost with you一起承擔；stand on your side 站在你這邊。選項C與之意思相近。17.單選題In colonial America, people generally covered their beds with decorative quilts resembling those of the lands from which the quitters h

18、ad come. Wealthy and socially prominent settlers made quilts of the English type, cut from large lengths of cloth of the same color and texture rather than stitched together from smaller pieces. They made these until the advent of the Revolutionary War in 1775, when everything English came to be fro

19、wned upon.Among the whole-cloth quilts made by these wealthy settlers during the early period are those now called linsey-woolseys. This term was usually applied to a fabric of wool and linen used in heavy clothing and quilted petticoats worn in the wintertime. Despite the name, linsey-woolsey bedco

20、vers did not often contain linen. Rather, they were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fiber dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coarser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow. The filling

21、was a soft layer of wool which had been cleaned and separated and the three layers were held together with decorative stitching done with homespun linen thread. Later, cotton thread was used for this purpose. The design of the stitching was often a simple one composed of interlocking circles or cros

22、sed diagonal lines giving a diamond pattern.This type of heavy, warm, quilted bedcover was so large that it hung to the floor. The comers are cut out at the foot of the cover so that the quilt fit snugly around the tall four-poster, beds of the 1700s, which differed from those of today in that they

23、were shorter and wider; they were short because people slept in a semi-sitting position with many bolsters or pillows, and wide, because each bed often slept three or more. The linsey-woolsey covering was found in the colder regions of the country because of the warmth it afforded. There was no cent

24、ral heating and most bedrooms did not have fireplaces.1.What does this passage mainly discuss?2.The author mentions the Revolutionary War as a time period when （ ）.3.The quilts described in the second and third paragraphs were made primarily of（ ）.4.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that t

25、he sleeping habits of most Americans have changed since the 1700s in all the following ways EXCEPT（ ）.5.Which of the following was most likely to be found in a bedroom in the colder areas of the American colonies?問題1選項A.The processing of woolB.Linsey-woolsey bedcoversC.Sleeping habits of colonial Am

26、ericansD.Quilts made in England問題2選項A.quilts were supplied to the armyB.more immigrants arrived from EnglandC.quilts imported from England became harder to findD.peoples attitudes toward England changed問題3選項A.woolB.linenC.cottonD.a mixture of fabrics問題4選項A.the position in which people sleepB.the num

27、bers of bolsters or pillows people sleep onC.the length of time people sleepD.the number of people who sleep in one bed問題5選項A.A linsey-woolseyB.A vent from a central healing systemC.A fireplaceD.A wood stove【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:A第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，原文第一段首先介紹了什么是被褥，接下來的段落則是具體介紹其中的一種Linsey-woo

28、lsey。所以選項B正確。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“They made these until the advent of the Revolutionary War in 1775, when everything English came to be frowned upon.”直到1775年革命戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，人們對來自英國的一切都不贊成。也就是說，人們對英國的態(tài)度改變了。選項D符合原文。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Despite the name, linsey-woolsey bedcovers did not often contain linen. Rather, th

29、ey were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric.”盡管有這個名字，linsey-woolsey床單通常并不包含亞麻。相反，它們是由一層羊毛或光滑的精紡毛織物制成的由此可知，其主要成分是羊毛，選項A正確。4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“they were short because people slept in a semi-sitting position with many bolsters or pillows, and wide, because each bed often slept thre

30、e or more.”它們短是因為人們以半坐的姿勢睡覺，有許多支撐物或枕頭；寬是因為每張床通常睡三個人或更多。由此可知，選項A，B，D均有提及，只有選項C不正確。5.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“ The linsey-woolsey covering was found in the colder regions of the country because of the warmth it afforded.”由于它所提供的溫暖，人們在該國較冷的地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種類似羊毛的覆蓋物。所以選項A符合題意。18.單選題Every Sunday evening there is a （ ）of

31、people around the pavilion in the park since it has become a regular site for an English corner.問題1選項A.congruenceB.congratulationC.congressD.congregation【答案】D【解析】congruence 適合，一致；congratulation祝賀，賀辭；congress 代表大會；congregation 集會，集合。句意：自從這里成為英語角的固定場所后，每個星期天的晚上都會有很多人聚集在公園的亭子周圍。選項D符合句意。19.單選題The presid

32、ent appears to have been （ ）when he promised to try to balance the national budget.問題1選項A.in earnestB.in personC.in privateD.in reality【答案】A【解析】in earnest 認真地，誠摯地；in person 親自地；in private秘密地，私下地；in reality 實際上；事實上。句意：當總統(tǒng)承諾努力平衡國家預算時，他似乎是認真的。選項A符合句意。20.單選題The use of robots and automated machinery has

33、eliminated certain （ ）factory jobs.問題1選項A.thrillingB.timidC.enticingD.tedious【答案】D【解析】thrilling 激動人心的；令人興奮的；timid 膽 小的，羞怯的；enticing 有吸引力的，誘人的；tedious 沉悶的，冗長乏味的。句意：機器人和自動化機器的使用消除了某些單調(diào)乏味的工廠工作。選項D符合句意。21.單選題While there is little systematic work relating foreign language learning strategies to success,

34、there are a number of observations which can be made about individuals who are good language learners.I have been able to isolate some of the individuals by observing students in classrooms in California and Hawaii, by observing myself and talking to other good language learners, by eliciting observ

35、ations from some second language teachers. As I have begun to observe classes, what fascinates me is how often the teacher plows ahead with the lesson seemingly with little awareness of what is going on in each student, and often without directing the attention of the poorer students to how the succ

36、essful student arrived at his answer. That is, many foreign language teachers are concerned with finding the best method or with getting the correct answer, yet the teachers fail to attend to the learning process. If they attended to it more, they might be able to tailor their input to their student

37、s needs and might be able to provide their students with techniques that would enable them to learn on their own. Indeed, no course could ever teach all we need to know about a language, and the students must find the means to help themselves, when the teacher is not around.The task of observing the

38、se strategies is a complicated one because the strategies necessarily involve cognitive processes which neither the learner nor the teacher may be able to specify. However, when our attention is focused on observing these strategies, I think we may find it easier to isolate some of them. Just recent

39、ly, I discovered that by using video tapes we hope to help learners and teachers see what is going on in the classroom. We hope to be able, as well, to abstract the learner strategies by interviewing the learner about his behavior during a particular classroom which showing them a tape of their own

40、behavior.In spite of the fact that we are only beginning to isolate these strategies, I think that it is useful to list some of the ones found thus far. They remain general but give an idea of the kind of strategies I think we ought to be looking for.1.Which of the following could be the best title

41、for this passage?2.The author formed some ideas about the features of good foreign language learning by getting information from （ ）.3.The author believes that the most important task of a good language teacher is（ ）.4. “They might be able to tailor their input to their students needs” means（ ）.5.Ob

42、serving language learning strategies is very complicated because（ ）.問題1選項A.The Successful Language LearnerB.Relationship between Teaching and LearningC.Language Learning StrategiesD.Observations of Language Classes問題2選項A.language classroomsB.talks with studentsC.lectures on this topicD.foreign teach

43、ers問題3選項A.to teach students learning strategiesB.to use the textbook skillfully and flexiblyC.to look for a suitable teaching method for the classD.to help students develop their own leaning methods問題4選項A.they could provide techniques to find out the students needsB.they could adjust their teaching

44、to the needs of individual studentsC.they could cut out redundant materials to meet their students needsD.they could revise the textbook to suit the needs of their students問題5選項A.either the learner or the teacher will find it difficult to specify what exactly they areB.neither the learner nor the te

45、acher may be able to describe them preciselyC.they are related to the processes of learning which even the teacher cannot state preciselyD.they involve the leaning process which neither the learner nor the teacher may be able to isolate【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:D第4題:B第5題:B【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文有一個關(guān)鍵詞“strat

46、egies”,所以本文主要講的是語言學習策略。選項C正確。2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“.by observing myself and talking to other good language learners.”通過觀察自己和與其他優(yōu)秀的語言學習者交談選項B符合原文。3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)二三句，許多外語老師關(guān)心的是找到最好的方法或得到正確的答案，然而老師沒有注意到學習的過程。如果更多地關(guān)注過程，他們可以調(diào)整教學方法來滿足學生的需求，并且能夠向?qū)W生提供使他們能夠自學的方法。也就是說，幫助學生發(fā)展自己的學習方法，選項D符合原文。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一題可知，原文表達的意思是

47、：他們可以調(diào)整教學方法來滿足學生的需求。也就是說，他們可以根據(jù)個別學生的需要調(diào)整教學，選項B與原文表述一致，所以正確。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“.because the strategies necessarily involve cognitive processes which neither the learner nor the teacher may be able to specify.”觀察這些策略的任務是一項復雜的任務，因為這些策略必然涉及認知過程，而學習者和教師都無法具體說明這些過程。either.or.指“不是就是”，neither.nor.指的是二者都不，所以選項

48、B正確。22.單選題The presidents enemies are spreading ill rumors to （ ）his authority.問題1選項A.assertB.forgeC.undermineD.remain【答案】C【解析】assert維護，主張，聲稱；forge偽造，鍛造；undermine破壞，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：總統(tǒng)的敵人正在散布謠言去破壞他的權(quán)威。選項C符合句意。23.單選題Even though it is a （ ）explanation, I am not completely convinced.問題1選項A.susceptibleB

49、.plausibleC.plentifulD.reliable【答案】B【解析】susceptible易受影響的，易感動的；plausible貌似可信的，貌似有理的；plentiful許多的，豐富的；reliable可靠的，可信賴的。句意：盡管這是一個合理的解釋，但我并不完全信服。選項B符合句意。24.單選題In describing the grandeur and sublimity of this country, the Haitian (海地人)may well enough to adopt the poetic description of their own proud cou

50、ntry.問題1選項A.serenityB.splendorC.elegantD.sight【答案】B【解析】句意：在描述這個國家的偉大和莊嚴時，海地人很樂意接受對他們引以為豪的祖國這樣詩意的描述。sublimity意為“莊嚴，崇高”。serenity 平靜，寧靜；splendor 壯麗，顯赫 ；elegant優(yōu)美的，講究的；sight 視力，見解。選項B與之意思相近。25.單選題Johns evenings out are usually followed by a quick dash back to his own flat to finish his reading for the f

51、ollowing days tutorial.問題1選項A.lectureB.reportC.quizD.discussion【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，tutorial指輔導課，輔導材料。lecture 演講，講稿，教訓；report 報告，成績單；quiz惡作劇，隨堂測驗；discussion 討論。選項A最符合原文語境，所以正確。26.單選題The chairman was asked to resign, （ ）totally unfit for his post.問題1選項A.having consideredB.consideringC.to be consideredD.be

52、ing considered【答案】D【解析】分析句子可知，逗號前后沒有連接詞，所以逗號后面不能是完整的句子，這里是分詞短語做狀語，前后為因果關(guān)系，所以選項C目的狀語可首先排除；再根據(jù)句意可知，這里表被動，所以選項D正確。句意：主席被要求辭職，因為他被認為完全不適合這個職位。27.單選題What is the proper balance between the culture heritage and the globalization that threatens to （ ）the world in one model?問題1選項A.classifyB.justifyC.purifyD.

53、unify【答案】D【解析】classify分類，分等；justify證明合法，替辯護；purify凈化，使純凈；unify統(tǒng)一，使一致。句意：文化遺產(chǎn)和威脅世界統(tǒng)一成一種模式的全球化之間的適當平衡是什么？選項D符合句意。28.單選題In mountainous regions, much of the snow that falls is compacted into ice.問題1選項A.broken downB.embeddedC.compiledD.compressed【答案】D【解析】句意：在山區(qū)，大部分降雪被壓成冰。compacted意為壓實，壓緊。broken down打破，折斷

54、；embedded嵌入，植入；compiled編輯；compressed 壓緊，壓縮。選項D與之意思相近。29.單選題然而, 研究人員在報告中提醒說, 相對于患更嚴重的疾病的危險來說, 這些益處簡直微不足道。問題1選項A.Researchers in the study, however, cautioned that such benefits dont outweigh the risk of more serious ailments.B.However, researchers reminded in the report that such benefits are nothing

55、compared with the risk of more serious ailments.C.However, researchers cautioned in their report that such benefits dont indolence a lot comparing to the risk of more serious ailments.【答案】A【解析】“提醒”在本句中用remind比較口語化，caution更為正式，因為是在報告中進行提醒，因此caution更為恰當；后面包含一個比較，用outweigh言簡意賅， 最為恰當。所以選項A翻譯最精確。30.單選題Di

56、amonds have little （ ）value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.問題1選項A.extinctB.permanentC.surplusD.intrinsic【答案】D【解析】extinct滅絕的，絕種的；permanent永久的，不變的；surplus剩余的，過剩的；intrinsic本質(zhì)的，固有的。 句意：鉆石本身沒有什么價值，它們的價格幾乎完全取決于它們的稀缺性。選項D符合句意。31.單選題Any driver stopped by the police for some minor

57、traffic （ ）can be asked to take a test for alcoholic drinking.問題1選項A.violationB.accidentC.congestionD.problem【答案】A【解析】violation 違反，妨礙，侵害；accident 意外，事故；congestion 擁擠，擁塞。句意：任何因輕微交通違章被警察攔下的司機都可以被要求做酒精測試。選項A符合句意。32.單選題His father read the newspaper at the kitchen table, all the while delivering （ ）on th

58、e politics of the day for the benefit of anyone within earshot.問題1選項A.complementsB.remarksC.speechD.animadversions【答案】D【解析】complement 補語，補足物；remark言辭；speech演講，講話；animadversion 批評，評語。句意：他的父親坐在餐桌旁看報紙，一直批判當今政治只對極少數(shù)人有利。選項D更符合語境。33.單選題He was raging inside, but he held himself in.問題1選項A.stayed indoorsB.tr

59、ied hard to forget itC.controlled himselfD.calmed down【答案】C【解析】hold oneself in意為約束，抑制。stayed indoors待在室內(nèi)；tried hard to forget it 努力忘記；controlled himself 控制自己；calmed down 平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)定下來。選項C與之意思相近。34.翻譯題疲勞是人們向醫(yī)生、朋友和親人最常抱怨的問題之一?；蛟S你認為在這個擁有各種節(jié)省體力的裝置和方便的交通設(shè)施的時代。很少有人會有理由感到如此疲勞。然而，今天與用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲勞的人也許更

60、多了。據(jù)醫(yī)生們說，疲倦更可能是由于過少的活動所致，而不是過多的活動所引起的。情緒問題和煩惱，特別是憂郁和焦慮，顯然是長期疲勞最常見的原因?！敬鸢浮縁atigue is one of the most common problems complained by people to doctors, friends and folks. Perhaps you think that few would have reasons to feel tired in the era of full of all kinds of strength-saving device and convenient