初一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

課時(shí)一一、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法1.動(dòng)詞be（am,is,are）的用法：be動(dòng)詞包括“am”,“is”,“are”三種形式。①第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(I)配合am來(lái)用。句型解析析：Iam+,例句：IamSnoopy.Iamtenyearsold.Iamastudent.

Iamaboy.②第二人稱(chēng)(You)配合are使用。句型解析：Youare+,例句：Youaremygoodfriend.Youareagoodteacher.Youarebeautiful③第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(HeorSheorIt)配合isShe(He,It)is+,,

例句：Sheisagoodgirl.Sheissotall.Sheisshort.④人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)(we/you/they)配合areThey)are+,,例句WeareinClass5,Grade7.Theyaremyfriends.Youaregoodstudents.用法口訣：我(I)用am,你(you)用are，is跟著他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定，更容易，be后not加上去。變疑問(wèn)，往前提，句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。還有一條須注意，句首大寫(xiě)莫忘記。對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)：一.用括號(hào)中適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。1.I________(am,are,is)fromAustralia.2.She_______(am,are,is)astudent.3.JaneandTom_________(am,is,are)myfriends.4.Myparents_______(am,is,are)verybusyeveryday.5._______(Are,Is,Do,Does)thereaChineseschoolinNewYork?6._______(Be,Are,Were,Was)theyexcitedwhenheheardthenews?7.There_____(be)someglassesonit.8.Ifhe_____(be)freetomorrow,hewillgowithus.一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.7.How_______yourfather?8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.9.Whosedress______this?10.Whosesocks______they?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.14.Here______ascarfforyou.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.19.Sometea______intheglass.20.Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.第二課時(shí)（1）英語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞一、人稱(chēng)代詞表示稱(chēng)代詞有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和格的變化，見(jiàn)下表：人稱(chēng)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱(chēng)Imeweus第二人稱(chēng)youyouyouyouhehim第三人稱(chēng)shehertheythemitit人稱(chēng)代詞主格：作主語(yǔ)，表示誰(shuí)怎么樣了、干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudents.人稱(chēng)代詞賓格作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。Giveittome.Let(letus)二、物主代詞表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種，其人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化見(jiàn)下表。數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)類(lèi)別第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs他（她、它）漢語(yǔ)我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的

們的形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名詞而名詞性物主代詞則相當(dāng)于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,故其后不必加名詞。如：Isthisyourbook?No,，itisnitbook)Thispenismine.代詞練習(xí)（一）一、選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾。1.Thisis（my/I）mother.2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.（He/His）nameisMark.4.Whatshe/her）name?5.Excuse（me/my/I）.6.Are（your/you）MissLi?7.（I/My）amBen.8.（She/Her）ismysister.9.Fine,thank（your/you）.10.Howoldis（he/his）二、用所給代詞的正確形式填空。1.Theseare______(he)brothers.2.Thatis_______(she)sister.3.Lilyis_______(Lucy)sister.4.Tom,thisis_____(me)cousin,Mary.5.Now_____________(herparent)areinAmerica.6.Those__________(child)are_____(I)father7.Doyouknow______(it)name?8.MikeandTom__________(be)friends.9.Thanksforhelping________(I).10.______(Ann安)motheris______(we)teacher.三、單項(xiàng)選擇。（）1.Myfamily____abigfamily.Myfamily____allhere.A.is,isB.are,areC.is,areD.are,is（）2.Thisis__________.A.apictureoffamilyB.apictureofmyfamilyC.afamilyD.afamilyofmypicture（）3.Let’goodfriends.A.beB.areC.isD.am（）4.Issheyouraunt?Yes,__________.A.she’sB.herisC.sheisD.heis（）5.Are__________coatsyours?Yes,theyare.A.theyB.theseC.thisD.there（）6.Isthat__________uncle?No,itisn’tA.heB.sheC.herD.hers（）7.Mrs.Greenis__________grandmother.A.JimandKateB.JimandKate’sC.JimdKate’sD.JimandKates’（）8.Doyouknowthename_____Mr.Green’A.inB.ofC.onD.or（）9.__________thegreatphotoofyourfamily.A.thankforB.ThanksforC.ThankforD.thanksfor（）10.Arethoseyourfriends?__________.A.Yes,they’reB.No,theyareC.Yes,theyareD.Yes,thoseare代詞練習(xí)（二）一、用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空1．Welike________(he,his,him)verymuch.2．Isthisguitar________(you,your,yours)?3．________(She,Her,Hers)nameisLiLi.4．Fatherboughtadeskfor________(I,my,me,mine).5．________(It,It's,Its)isverycoldtoday.6．Isthisyourbook,Mike?Yes,________(we,you,they)are.7．AreyouandTomclassmates?Yes,________(we,you,they)are.8．Eachofthestudents________(have,has)apenpal.9．Hehasadog.Iwanttohave________(it,one),too.10．Herparentsare________(both,all,either)teachers.11．Thetextiseasyforyou.Thereare________(few,afew,little,alittle)newwordsinit.12．Iwant________(some,any)bananas.Givemethesebig________(one,ones).二、選擇正確的答案1．Isthis________book?．you．I．sheD．your2．It'sabird.________nameisPolly.．ItsB．It's．HisD．It3．What'sthat?________ajeep.．it's．Its．It'sD．its4．What'sthatinEnglish?________.．It'seggB．That'segg．It'saeggD．It'sanegg5．Whosecatisthis?Isityours?Isitawhite_______?．cat's．one．onesD．cats6．Pleasegivethebookto________.．IB．me．myD．mine7．_________skirtisyours?．Whose．Where．HowD．Which8．________isthispen?It'sWangFang's.．Who'sB．Whose．Where．Which9．KateandMikedo________homeworkintheevening.．one's．his．herD．their10．Thereisn't________waterinthebottle.．a(chǎn)ny．some．no．a(chǎn)課時(shí)二（）簡(jiǎn)單句一陳述句、概念：說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)或是陳述說(shuō)話人的看法的句子，句末用句號(hào)。、分類(lèi)：陳述句根據(jù)其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，可大體分為+謂語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)而從語(yǔ)氣的角度分，又可分為肯定陳述句和否定陳述句（+謂語(yǔ)①肯定陳述句Ilikethatbook.我喜歡那本書(shū)。（陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)）Ireallyagree.我確實(shí)同意。（陳述一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)）②否定陳述句IdidnotbuytheTV.我沒(méi)有買(mǎi)那個(gè)電視。（陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)）（）主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)①肯定陳述名Thefilmisboring.這部電影沒(méi)意思。（陳述觀點(diǎn)）②否定陳述句Smokingisnotgoodforyourhealth.抽煙對(duì)你的健康沒(méi)有好處。（陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)）、陳述句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)：陳述句的否定式主要用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)：（1）句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be,have或者謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+其他成分Iamnotateacher.我不是老師。Wehavenot(haven`t)anybooksonanimals.我們沒(méi)有任何有關(guān)動(dòng)物方面的書(shū)。Thechildrenarenot(aren`t)playingintheplayground.孩子們沒(méi)在操場(chǎng)上玩。Hewillnot(won`t)come.他不會(huì)來(lái)。Wemustnot(mustn`t)forgetthepast.我們不能忘記過(guò)去。Itcouldnot(couldn`t)belost.它不可能丟的。（2）當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是do(即行為動(dòng)詞)，而且沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+do(does,did)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分Youdonot(don`t)comehereeveryday.你沒(méi)有每天都來(lái)這里。Hedoesnot(doesn`t)teachthisclass.他不教這個(gè)班。Theydidnot(didn`t)watchTVlastnight.昨晚他們沒(méi)看電視。注意：陳述句的語(yǔ)調(diào)一般用降調(diào)。但在表示疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用升調(diào)，在書(shū)面上要用問(wèn)號(hào)來(lái)表示。YoureallywanttogotoHongKong?你真的想去XX嗎？這句話表示的是一種疑問(wèn)，只不過(guò)是通過(guò)陳述的語(yǔ)序和疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表達(dá)的二疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句是用來(lái)提出疑問(wèn)的句子，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、反意疑問(wèn)句。第一節(jié)一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句通常需要用yes或no來(lái)回答，所以又叫做要用升調(diào)。一般疑問(wèn)句主要有以下幾種類(lèi)型：、―be主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)—Areyousleepy?你困了嗎？—Yes,Iam.是的，我困了。+主語(yǔ)言+行為動(dòng)詞（或be—May/CanIusethetelephone?我能用這部嗎？—Yes,youcan.是的，可以。do,does,did）+主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞—Doyoulikeswimminginsummer?你喜歡夏天游泳嗎？—No,Idon`t.不，我不喜歡。難點(diǎn)提示回答否定性一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，要在Yes后面用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示肯定；在No后面用否定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示否定。注意在說(shuō)法上正好與漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣相反。訣竅是在回答的時(shí)候，只要把它當(dāng)成沒(méi)有加否定形式的普通一般疑問(wèn)句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思?！狪shenotyourelderbrother?他不是你的哥哥嗎？—Yes,heis.不，他是（我的哥哥）。No,heisnot.是的，他不是（我的哥哥）?！狪sn`tsheveryclever?她難道不是很聰明嗎？—Yes,sheis.不，她很聰明。—No,sheisnot.是，她不聰明。第二節(jié)特殊疑問(wèn)句一、特殊疑問(wèn)句是用來(lái)提出來(lái)特定問(wèn)題的疑問(wèn)句，要求聽(tīng)到問(wèn)題的人針對(duì)特定情況來(lái)做具體的回答，不能像一般疑問(wèn)句一樣簡(jiǎn)單地用Yes或No來(lái)回答，特殊疑問(wèn)句要用降調(diào)來(lái)讀。二、特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句WhodoEnglishhomeworkintheevening?誰(shuí)晚上做英語(yǔ)家庭作業(yè)？Whatdoyoudointheevening?你晚上做什么？Whathomeworkdoyoudointheevening?你晚上做什么家庭作業(yè)？WhendoyoudoEnglishhomework?你什么時(shí)候做英語(yǔ)家庭作業(yè)？三、注意：對(duì)人提問(wèn)時(shí)who―誰(shuí)‖對(duì)所屬（誰(shuí)的）提問(wèn)用whose‖對(duì)哪一個(gè)提問(wèn)用which‖對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)用whenwhattime對(duì)物體提問(wèn)用what‖對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用‖對(duì)原因提問(wèn)用why‖對(duì)方式提問(wèn)用how‖對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)用howmany―多少或howmuch四、難點(diǎn)提示、以why開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句否定形式常用于表示建議、請(qǐng)求等。Whydon`tyouhaveatry?你為什么不試試呢？、特殊疑問(wèn)句常用到一些縮略形式，在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要注意習(xí)慣這些用法。Idon`twanttogothere.Howaboutyou?我不想去那兒，你呢？Butwhatelse?可是還有什么呢？把下列句子變成否定句：1.Iamlisteningtomusic._______________________________________2.Mikeisastudent._______________________________________3Sarahcancleantheclassroom.________________________________________4.Theyareinthezoo.________________________________________5.Therearesomeflowersinthevase.________________________________________6.Thisismysister._________________________________________7.Wearesweepingthefloor.__________________________________________8.Weneedsomemasks._________________________________9.Theylikemakingthepuppet._________________________________10.SuHaiandSuYangliveinanewhouse._________________________________________________11.Iputabookonmyhead._________________________________________________12.Theysing―Intheclassroom‖together._______________________________________________13.WeplaybasketballonSundays._________________________________________________14.Tomlikeslisteningtomusic____________________________________________肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法————————三步法1.有be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首，其余照抄，(some改成，my改成your）句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。2.無(wú)be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在句首加Do/Does/Did，其余照抄，(some改成，my改成your）句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。3.加did的句子注意，句子動(dòng)詞要變成原型。例如：陳述句:Theyareinthepark.Hecanplaytheguitar..一般疑問(wèn)句:Aretheyinthepark?Canheplaytheguitar?陳述句:Iliketheducks.Helikesthedogs.一般疑問(wèn)句：Doyouliketheducks?Doeshelikethedogs?把下列句子變成一般疑問(wèn)句1.Iamlisteningtomusic.__________________________2.Mikeisastudent._______________________________________3.Sarahcancleantheclassroom.________________________________________4.Theyareinthezoo.________________________________________5.Therearesomeflowersinthevase.________________________________________6.Thisismysister._________________________________________7.Wearesweepingthefloor.__________________________________________8.Weneedsomemasks._________________________________9.Theylikemakingthepuppet._________________________________10.SuHaiandSuYangliveinanewhouse._________________________________________________11.Iputabookonmyhead._________________________________________________12.Theysing―Intheclassroom‖together._______________________________________________13.WeplaybasketballonSundays._________________________________________________14.Tomlikeslisteningtomusic____________________________________________關(guān)于特殊疑問(wèn)詞問(wèn)人（誰(shuí)）who地點(diǎn)（何地）where時(shí)間（何時(shí)）when、whattime東西/職業(yè)事物(什么)what方式方法程序身體（怎樣）how年齡howold..怎么樣（提建議）Howabout多少錢(qián)Howmuch誰(shuí)的whosebook問(wèn)星期whatday問(wèn)日期whatdate問(wèn)數(shù)量多少(可數(shù)名詞)Howmanypeople問(wèn)數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞）Howmuchwater顏色whatcolor班級(jí)whatclass年級(jí)whatgrade時(shí)間whattime哪一個(gè)whichwhichclass、根據(jù)劃線部分確定是什么疑問(wèn)詞,后面寫(xiě)原句變成的一般疑問(wèn)句，句末問(wèn)號(hào)。、howmany后必須先寫(xiě)物品，再寫(xiě)一般疑問(wèn)句等。、A:_______istheboyinblue?B:He’sMike.、A:_______penisit?B:It’smine.、A:_______isthediary?B:It’sunderthechair.、A:___istheChirstmasDay?B:It’sonthe25thofDecember.、A:_______aretheearphones?B:Theyare25yuan.、A:_______isthecup?B:It’sblue.、A:_______isittoday?B:It.s、A:_______wasityesterday?B:Itwasthe13thofOctober.、A:_______thisredone?B:It’sbeautiful.12.A:_______isyourcousin?B:He’s15yearsold.、A:_______doyouhavedinner?B:At6o’clock綜合練習(xí)1.Thechildrenhaveagoodtimeinthepark.否定句：___________________________________一般疑問(wèn)句：___________________________________2.Thereisonlyoneproblem.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑問(wèn)句：________________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________7.Shehassomebreadforlunchtoday.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑問(wèn)句：_________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________.句型轉(zhuǎn)換題1.Thegirlissingingintheclassroom.(改為否定句）改為一般疑問(wèn)句5.IcanspeakEnglish.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句）6.Iamwritingnow.(同上）7.Ihaveadeskandachair.(用He做主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子）8.Sheisbuyingsomefoodinthesupermarket.（改為否定句）10.Doesshelikegrowingflowers?（給予否定回答）課時(shí)三have作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表示Look,Ihavewings,justlikeyou.Hehadfairhairandblueeyes.〔注do?！沧avegot代替have.Look,can’tyouseeI'vegotteeth,too,Ihaven'tgotanyjewelry.2.have和一些其他名詞連用，表示：(1)一種活動(dòng)。Wehavenoclasseson.上課）they’regoingtohaveavolleyballmatch.舉行比賽）Arewegoingtohaveameetingthisweek?（開(kāi)會(huì)）Wearegoingtohaveatalkthisafternoon.（聽(tīng)報(bào)告）(2)患病。Ihavegotaheadache.Ihaveabadcold.(3)發(fā)生的情況。I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.（跌跤）(4)生育。Thequeenantmayhavetensofthousandsofbabiesinonesummer.3.和一與動(dòng)詞同形的名詞連用，表示一動(dòng)作（＋＋由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化和名詞）Areyougoingtohaveaswim.Ihavealongtalkwiththeteacher.4.haveon或havesth.，表示(=tobewearing)Inoticedhehadonbedroomslippers.AttheballMotilehadadiamondnecklaceon.5.表示Iwantedtohaveacupofteaandsomeeggs.Doesshehavelunchathome?6.組成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)―have賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)‖(1)不加to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)(havesb.do，表示讓、叫某人做某事。Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.??‖.Wewon'thaveyoublameitonothers.Shehadneverhadanybodyspeaktoherthatwaybefore.(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)(havesb.(sth.)doing)，表示讓?zhuān)ㄊ梗┠橙俗瞿呈隆?thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong?.(3)過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)(havesb.(sth.)done)，表示：①使（讓?zhuān)?qǐng)）別人作某事，表示的動(dòng)作是別人做的。EmperorQinShiHuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.?heshouldhavenewclothesmadeofthissplendidclothforthecominggreatprocession.②遭遇到某事。Workersinsomeindustrieshavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachine.課時(shí)三英語(yǔ)名詞數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的則一、絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，是在該詞末尾加后-s。讀音變化：結(jié)尾是輔音讀[s]，結(jié)尾是濁輔音或音讀[z]。例：friend→friends;cat→cats;→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces二、凡是以、、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的詞，在該詞末尾加后-es構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：一加讀[iz]。例：bus→buses;→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashes三、以輔音字+y結(jié)尾的名詞，y改變i，再加-es。讀音變化：加讀[z]。例：→candies;daisy→daisies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→stories四、以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，如果不是外來(lái)詞或縮，加，否則加-s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：加讀[z]。例：tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo→torpedoes;bingo→bingoes反例：silo→silos;piano→（外來(lái)詞）;photo→photos;macro→（縮寫(xiě)詞）五、以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多為將-f或-fe改變?yōu)?，但有例外。讀音變化：尾音[f]改讀[vz]。例：knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves;scarf→scarves反例：roof→roofs六、以-us結(jié)尾的名詞（多為外來(lái)詞），通常將-us改變?yōu)?i構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：尾音[Es]改讀[ai]，其中[kEs]要改讀為[sai]，[gEs]要改讀為[dVai]。例：fungus→fungi;abacus→abaci;focus→foci;cactus→cacti;cestus→cesti七、以-is結(jié)尾的名詞，通常將-is改變?yōu)?es。讀音變化：尾音[is]改讀[i:z]。例：→axes;basis→bases;naris→nares;→hypotheses;→restes八、以-ix結(jié)尾的名詞，通常將-ix改變?yōu)?，但有例外。讀音變化：尾音[iks]改讀[isi:z]。例：matrix→matrices;directrix→directrices;calix→calices;appendix→appendices反例：affix→affixes九、以-um結(jié)尾的名詞，將-um改變?yōu)?。讀音變化：去掉鼻尾音。例：forum→fora;stadium→stadia;aquarium→aquaria;datum→data;vacuum→vacua十、以-a結(jié)尾的名詞，在該詞末尾加上后輟-e。讀音變化：尾音[E]改讀[i:]。例：larva→larvae;formula→formulae;ala→alae;media→mediae;hydra→hydrae十一、部分單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式不變。讀音變化：保持原音。例：fish→fish;→sheep;cattle→cattle;→deer;→salmon十二、極少數(shù)單詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)]有任何規(guī)律。讀音變化：沒(méi)有規(guī)律。例：→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxen十三、一些單數(shù)詞得加en才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞：例：ox→oxen;child→children;brother→brethren十四、一些單數(shù)詞得改頭換面一番才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞例：analysis→analyses分析;→bases基礎(chǔ);datum→data數(shù)據(jù);foot→feet;formula→formulae/formulas公式;→geese;louse→lice虱子;man→men→mice;medium→media/mediums媒介;memorandum→memoranda/memorandums備忘錄;parenthesis→parentheses圓括號(hào);phenomenon→phenomena現(xiàn)象;→radii半徑tooth→teeth;woman→women十五、有些名詞是單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)不分的例：deer;fish;cannon;sheep;salmon鮭魚(yú);trout鱒魚(yú)十六、一些名詞雖分單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)，但出現(xiàn)次數(shù)多的總是單數(shù)詞例：abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery機(jī)械;news;scenery風(fēng)景;sugar;traffic交通十七、另一些名詞則以復(fù)數(shù)詞出現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)較多例：bellows風(fēng)箱;clothes;police;shorts短褲;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼鏡;shears大剪刀trousers長(zhǎng)褲;wages工資十八、compoundnouns，這類(lèi)復(fù)數(shù)詞是以主要的名詞來(lái)表示例：daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law媳婦;father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父man-of-war→men-of-war兵艦;maid-servant→maid-servantsstep-son→step-sons晚子;son-in-law→sons-in-law十九、若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞例：pair(對(duì)，雙);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers二十、另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思，例：goods貨物，waters水域，（各種）魚(yú)二十一、除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。例：adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers以O(shè)結(jié)尾的詞，許多加es構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)，特別是一些常用詞如：heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes但下面幾類(lèi)詞只加：1.以“元音+o”或“oo”結(jié)尾的詞如:videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos一些外來(lái)詞，特別是音樂(lè)方面的詞，如：pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos一些縮寫(xiě)詞和專(zhuān)有名詞，如：kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos有個(gè)別詞加兩種詞尾都可以，如：archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(美）名詞由單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)的練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列名詞復(fù)數(shù)leaf______puppy_______box_______knife_______fly______fox______bus______bench_____brush_____kiss______church______dish_____ruler______peach________glass_____pencil________boy______zoo______man______roof_______sheep_______knife______lady______key______story______watch______bamboo______city______family______day_____apple_______eraser______speech______thief______mouse______fish_____goose____people______ox_____Chinese_______deer_______foot______child_______tooth_______guy________hero_______spy______boss_____monkey______city______goat______radio________horse______dog______用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空：1>Therearesomany________(wolf)intheforest.2>Therearethree______(chair)intheclassroom.3>These_______(tomato)arered.4>______(hero)aregreat.5>Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)6>Therearesome______(deer)eatingthegrass.7>Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).8>Chinese______(people)liketoeatnoodles.9>Ihavealotof______(toy)inmybedroom.10>Ihelpmymotherwash______(dish)inthekitchen.11>Ihavetwo______(pencil-box).12>Therearesome______(bus)inthestreet.13>Peterhaseight_____(foot).14>Lindahasthree_______(tooth).15>Therearesome______(child)inthegarden.16>Michaellikesthe______(mouse).17>Therearesome______(goose)intheriver.18>Myuncleandfatherare_____(man).19>TomandKingare_____(boy).20>Lindahasthree______(tooth).選出正確形式1．Icanseethree________inthezoo.AmonkeysBmonkeysCmonkey2.Thepighasfour______.A.footB.feetC.foots3.Mytwobrothersareboth______.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemen4.Therearefour___________intheclass.A.JapaneseB.JapanesesC.Japan5.Icanseeten_____inthepicture.A.sheepB.dogC.pig6.The_____hasthree______.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watches7.Canyousee_______ontheplate?A.breadsC.breades8.Thegirloftenbrushesher_____beforeshegoestobed.A.toothB.toothsC.teeth9.MrBlackoftendrinksome_________.A.milkB.milksC.milkes10.Therearesome_____onthefloor.A.childB.waterC.books11._______willlearnEnglish.A.WomanB.WomenC.Man12.Lucywillshowussomenew____ofhers.A.photoB.photosC.photoes13.Idranktwo______.A.bottlesoforangeB.bottleoforangeC.bottlesoforanges14.Thecateatstwo______lastnight.A.mousesB.miceC.mouse15.Ineedapenandsome_____.A.booksB.deskC.chair16Jimwaslatefortwoclassesthismorning.Hesaidthatheforgotbothofthe______.A.roomsnumberB.RoomnumberC.Room’snumberD.Roomnumbers17.Thenewly-builtlibraryisa______building.A.five-storeyB.fivestoreysC.five-storey’sD.fivestoreys’18.---Whoseumbrellaisit?---It’s_______.A.somebodyelse’sB.SomebodyelseC.Somebody’selseSomebody’selse19.Ifeelterriblyhot,What’sthe_____?A.temperatureofroomB.Room’sC.RoomtemperatureD.Temperatureofroom’s20._______willmakeatriparoundtheworldduringthecomingChristmas.A.TheEvensB.TheEvens.TheEvensesD.TheEvenses’21.ThegirltalkingtoMaryisafriendof________.A.Mary’sMarysisterMary’ssister’sD.sisterofMary’s22.Thewomanoverthereis______mother.A.JuliaandShelleyB.Julia’sandShelley’sB.C.JuliaandShelleyD.Julia’sandShelley23.Heisverytired.Heneeds______.A.anightrestB.arestnightC.anight’srestD.arestofnight24．---Excuseme，whereare_______offices?---Overthere．A．teachersBteacherstheteachersteachers’25．TodayisSeptember10th.It’s_____Day.Let’sgoandbuysomefoourteachers.A.TeacherB.Teachers’C.theTeachers.Teacher’s課時(shí)四現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Pleasedon'tmakesomuchnoise.I'mwritingacomposition.不要吵鬧。我正在寫(xiě)作文。Let'ssetoff.Itisn’tngno.?，F(xiàn)在不下雨了。這類(lèi)情況常與now現(xiàn)在，atthepresent現(xiàn)在，atthemoment現(xiàn)在，today今天，thisweek這個(gè)星期，thisyear今年等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。有時(shí)通過(guò)上下文可以判斷出應(yīng)采用何種時(shí)態(tài)，如：It'sfouro'clockintheafternoon.Thechildrenareplayingfootballonthesportsground.現(xiàn)在是下午四點(diǎn)。孩子們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。Hurryup!Weareallwaitingforyou.快點(diǎn)！我們大家都等著你。Look!Theyarereadingoverthereunderthetree.看！他們?cè)谀沁叺臉?shù)底下看書(shū)。Listen!Sheissingingintheroom.聽(tīng)！她在房間里唱歌。WhereisKate?Sheisreadingintheroom.凱特在哪里？她在房間里看書(shū)。Whyareyoucrying?Issomethingwrong?為什么哭呢？有什么不對(duì)？表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行而說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Weareworkinginafactorythesedays.這幾天我們?cè)谝患夜S工作。Theyarecompilingadictionary.他們?cè)诰幰槐驹~典。這類(lèi)情況常與today今天，thisweek這個(gè)星期，thisevening今天晚上，thesedays現(xiàn)在、目前等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。在口語(yǔ)中表示主語(yǔ)計(jì)劃將要作的動(dòng)作。TheyareleavingforNewYorktomorrow.明天他們將要?jiǎng)由砬巴~約。Isyourbrotherdepartingsoon?你的兄弟很快就要啟程嗎？這類(lèi)情況常與come來(lái)，go去，leave離開(kāi)，depart離開(kāi)，arrive到達(dá)，stay逗留，start開(kāi)始等動(dòng)詞連用。所用的動(dòng)詞必須是動(dòng)作而不是狀態(tài)，主語(yǔ)必須是人?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always等副詞連用時(shí)帶有感情色彩。He'salwaysquarrellingwithothers.他老喜歡跟別人吵架。Sheisconstantlyworryingaboutherson'shealth.她不停地為她兒子的健康擔(dān)心著。Theboyisforeveraskingquestions.那個(gè)男孩老是問(wèn)問(wèn)題。這類(lèi)情況常與always總是，usually通常，continually不斷的，constantly經(jīng)常的，forever永遠(yuǎn)、老是等副詞連用。有的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)同義。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示問(wèn)者的關(guān)切心情。Howareyoufeelingtoday?（Howdoyoufeeltoday?）你今天感覺(jué)如何？Iamlooking（look）forwardtoyournextvisit.我盼望你下次再來(lái)。Whyareyoulooking（doyoulook）sosad?為什么你看起來(lái)這么愁眉苦臉的樣子呢？有的動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此種用法除了偶爾和now連用外，一般不和其他時(shí)間副詞連用的。Ourstudyisbecomingmoreinteresting.我們的學(xué)習(xí)變得越來(lái)越有趣了。Theleavesareturningred.樹(shù)葉漸漸地變紅了。Thewarisending.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)接近尾聲了。Waitamoment;Iamfinishingmysupper.等一會(huì)兒，我的晚飯就要吃完了。適合于此種用法的動(dòng)詞有：bet/grow/become/turn/run/go變成，begin開(kāi)始，forget忘記，remember記得，die死，finish完成，find發(fā)現(xiàn)，rise增強(qiáng)等.7,―e―be樣的、甚至是偽裝的。Heisbeingfoolish.他在裝傻。Heisbeinghonest.他表現(xiàn)得特別老實(shí)。Sheisbeingrude.她故意表現(xiàn)粗魯。Ican'tunderstandwhyheisbeingsoselfish.我不明白此時(shí)他為何如此自私。適合于此種用法的有：foolish愚蠢的，nice好的，kind好心的，careful細(xì)心的，patient耐心的，lazy懶惰的，silly傻的，rude粗魯?shù)?，polite禮貌的，impolite無(wú)禮的等表示人的特性、性格的形容詞。（―be帶有行動(dòng)時(shí)或主語(yǔ)不是人時(shí)，―beIamhappy.（表語(yǔ)是純粹的心理狀態(tài)，不可用ambeing）我很快樂(lè)。He'stired.（表語(yǔ)是純粹的生理狀態(tài)，不可用isbeing）他很疲倦。It'shottoday.（主語(yǔ)不是人，不可用isbeing）今天很熱。常和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用法實(shí)例：(1)當(dāng)句子中有now時(shí)，常表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Theyareplayingbasketballnow.現(xiàn)在他們正在打籃球。(2)以look,listen開(kāi)頭的句子，提示我們動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行，這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Listen！SheissinginganEnglishsong.聽(tīng)，她正在唱英語(yǔ)歌。(3)表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，且此時(shí)有thisweek,thesedays等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.這些天我們?cè)谧鲲w機(jī)模型。(4)描述圖片中的人物的動(dòng)作，也為了表達(dá)更生動(dòng)。此時(shí)也常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Lookatthepicture.Thechildrenareflyingkitesinthepark.看這幅圖，那些孩子正在公園放風(fēng)箏。一般結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.否定句式：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+not+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(am,is,are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+be(am,is,are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？對(duì)一般疑問(wèn)句作答，肯定回答：主語(yǔ)否定回答：no,主語(yǔ)+benot對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答。Eg：Theyareworkingthesedays.Heisbuyingabike.Theyarentworkingthesedays.Heisn’tbuyingabike.Aretheyworkingthesedays?Ishebuyingabike?Whataretheydoingthesedays?Whatishedoing?現(xiàn)在分詞的變法有、一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾加上-ingJump——jumpinggo——goingpushing——pushingplay——playing、以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去，再加-ing.——takeing——leavingwrite——writing——having、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，它前面是單個(gè)元音字母時(shí)要先將詞尾的輔音字母雙寫(xiě)，再加上-ing.Cut—cuttingput—putting—stoppingfit—fittingbegin—beginningforget—forgetting以ie結(jié)尾的詞，將ie變?yōu)閥再加ingLie—lying練習(xí)：盡管現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較簡(jiǎn)單，但在做題過(guò)程中也常會(huì)犯一些錯(cuò)誤，常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤有如下幾種：自主檢測(cè)、Look!He_____theirmotherdothehousework.A.ishelpingB.arehelpC.ishelpD.ishelpping2、_____aretheboysdoing?Theyaresingingintheroom.A.WhoB.HowC.WhatD.Where、Don’ttalkhere.Mymother_____.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleep4、Danny______.Don’tcallhim.A.iswriteingB.iswritingC.writingD.writes5、–When_____he_____back?–Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.does,comeB.arecomingC.iscomeD.iscoming、It’sten’clock.Mymother_____(lie)inbed.、What____he_____(mend)?、We_____(play)gamesnow.、What____you____(do)thessedays?、____he___(clean)theclassroom?、Who____(sing)inthenextroom?、Thegirl____(like)wearingasweater.Look!She____(wear)aredsweatertoday.答案：1islying2ismending3areplaying4aredoing5Iscleaning6issinging7likes;iswearing注意：把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞形式易出錯(cuò)例：、Theyareswiming.(swim)2、Jennyisplaiing(play)football.答案：1.swimming2.playing丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：、Look,twochildrenflying.(fly)akiteinthepark.2、LiMingisn’tread(notread)abookinbednow.答案：1areflying2isn’treading解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句的結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)律為:“be+現(xiàn)在分詞,缺一不可”。這一點(diǎn)必須牢記。對(duì)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問(wèn)時(shí)丟掉doing例：1、Thestudentsaresingingintheroom.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))Whatarethestudentsintheroom?答案：Whatarethestudentsdoingintheroom?解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中對(duì)動(dòng)作提問(wèn)可記住此句式“What+be+主語(yǔ)+doing+其它”現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的選擇疑問(wèn)句中易忽視or后用現(xiàn)在分詞形式例：孩子們?cè)谂苓€是在跳？Arethechildrenrunningorjump?答案：Arethechildrenrunningorjumping?解析:or連接的是兩個(gè)并列成分，動(dòng)詞形式須一致。課時(shí)四介詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.in;on;at用在時(shí)間詞前，表“在”1)at+具體時(shí)刻2)on+具體某天（具體某天的上、下午等；星期詞；以及上、下午詞前有修飾詞時(shí)）3)in+年、月、季節(jié)及一天中的某部分但注意：atnight=inthenightatnoonatthis/thattimeatChristmaseg.1.___themorning2.___Mondaymorning3.___arainyevening4.___3:505.__20026.___themorningofApril107.___spring8.___night9.___thistime10.___March另外注意：在時(shí)間詞（morning,afternoon,evening;Sundaylast,next,this,that時(shí)，不再用介詞.tomorrow,tonight前也不用介詞。eg.Iwillgo(A)tothecinema(B)in(C)thisevening.2.in,on,at表地點(diǎn)：at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個(gè)X圍之內(nèi)；on往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”。例如：eg.1)Hearrived___Shanghaiyesterday.2)Theyarrived___asmallvillagebeforedark.3)Thereisabighole____thewall.4)Theteacherputupapicture____thewall.3.in,on,to表方位in(X圍內(nèi))；on(X圍外且接)；to(X圍外但不接)?？杀硎緸橄聢D的位置系eg.1)TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.2)HubeiisonthenorthofHunan.3)JapanistotheeastofChina.cross:動(dòng)詞“跨過(guò)，過(guò)”=goacross4.across:（表面）跨過(guò)through:（內(nèi)部）穿過(guò)，穿介詞eg.1)Canyouswim_____theriver?2)Theroadruns__________theforest.3)_____thebridge,you’llfindacinema.5.in+時(shí)間段：與將來(lái)時(shí)用after+時(shí)間段：與過(guò)時(shí)用但after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)：可與將來(lái)時(shí)用。1)I’llleave_______threeo’clock..Thatis,I’llleave________abouttenminutes.2)Theyleft_______hetree(外加在樹(shù)上的事物)onthetree(樹(shù)上自身具有的花、果、葉)inthewall(鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)部的事物)7.onthewall(墻表面的事物)1)Thereisamap___thewall2)Therearefourwindows___thewall.8.bybike/bus/car/ship(單數(shù)且無(wú)詞)但當(dāng)這些交通工具名詞前有其它修飾詞時(shí)，則eg.bybike=ona(the;his)bikebycar=ina(the;her)caron:在,（表面）上——接觸9.over:在,的正上方above:在,的斜上方未接觸1)Themoonrose______thehill.2)Thereisabridge_____theriver.3)Thereisabook______thedesk.10.between:在（兩者）之間among:在（三者以上）之間1)AbigcrowdofpeoplewerewaitingforLiLidaonthebeach.________themwerehisparents.2)Tomsits________LucyandLily.11.on與about:關(guān)于on用于較正式的演講、學(xué)術(shù)、about用于非正式的談話或隨便及eg.Hegaveatalk____thehistoryoftheParty12.infrontof:在,前面方（X圍）=beforein/atthefrontof:在,,前部（X圍內(nèi)）1)Thereisabigtree_______oftheclassroom.2)Adriverdrives_________ofthebus.類(lèi)似區(qū)：atthebackof與behind13.with和in:表示“用“with:指“用工具、手、口等”in:指“用語(yǔ)言、話語(yǔ)、聲等”1)Pleasewritetheletter____apen.2)Pleasespeak____aloudvoice.14.onafarm;inafactory;thegirlinthehat;leavefor:動(dòng)身前往某地15.一些固定搭配：（1）介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配listento,laughat,getto,lookfor;waitfor,hearfrom,turnon,turnoff,worryabout,thinkof,lookafter,spend?on,（2）介詞與名詞的搭配ontime,intime,bybus,onfoot,withpleasure,onone’swayto,introuble,atbreakfast,attheendof,intheend等。（3）介詞與形容詞的搭配belatefor,beafraidof,begoodat,beinterestedin,beangrywith,befullof,besorryfor等。二、常見(jiàn)方位介詞語(yǔ)in構(gòu)成的方位介詞語(yǔ)1、inthefront在前面2、inthefrontrow在前排3、inthebackrow在后排4、inthethirdrow在第三排、infrontof...在前面（X圍之外）6、inthefrontof...在...前部（X圍之內(nèi)）7、inthemiddle在中間8、inthestreet在街上、inthemiddleof...在中間10、inthetree在樹(shù)上（指飛鳥(niǎo)等外來(lái)物）at構(gòu)成的方位介詞短語(yǔ)、atthefrontof...在...所在X圍的前一部分atthebackof...在...所在X圍的后一部分、atthefootof...在...腳下、atthetopof...在頂部、attheendof...在...盡頭6、atthehead在前頭、atthe（school）gate在（校）門(mén)口、atthestation在車(chē)站、atNo.2Chang’anoad安路2號(hào)、atmyuncle’在我叔叔家、athome在家12、atthedoctor室/在診所on構(gòu)成的方位介詞短語(yǔ)、ontheright/left在右（左）邊2、onone’sright/left某人的右（左）邊onthedesk/table在課桌/桌上4ontheright-hand/left-handside在右/左手邊、ontheblackboard在黑板上6、on/inthewall在墻上里、onthepaper在紙上、onthetree在樹(shù)上（指樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)的，結(jié)的東西）三、其它介詞構(gòu)成的方位介詞短語(yǔ)、nextto靠近貼近、besidethedesk在課桌旁3、behindthedoor在門(mén)后、underthebed在床下、nearthewindow靠近窗戶6、outsidethegate在門(mén)外課時(shí)五other,another,others,theothers,theother用法和區(qū)別1.other可作形容詞或代詞，做形容詞時(shí)，意思是如：Doyouhaveanyotherquestion(s)?你還有其他問(wèn)題嗎？Asksomeotherpeople.問(wèn)問(wèn)別人吧！Putitinyourotherhand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.theother指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)時(shí)，只能用theother，不能用another，此時(shí)的other作代詞。如：Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisaworker.他有兩個(gè)女兒，一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是工人。theother后可加單數(shù)名詞，也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此時(shí)的other作形容詞。如：Ontheothersideofthestreet，thereisatalltree.在街道的另一邊，有一棵大樹(shù)。Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。Helivesontheothersideoftheriver.他住在河的對(duì)岸。3.others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指Someofuslikesinginganddancing,othersgoinforsports.我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞，其余的從事體育活動(dòng)。Givemesomeothers,please.請(qǐng)給我別的東西吧！Therearenoothers.沒(méi)有別的了。4.theothers意思是theother的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.兩個(gè)男孩將去動(dòng)物園，其余的留在家里。theothers=theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，這在第2條中已經(jīng)有所介紹。5.another=an+other，既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，只能用于三個(gè)或更多的人或物，泛指同類(lèi)事物中的三者或三者以上的Idon’tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.我不喜歡這一個(gè)，請(qǐng)給我看看另一個(gè)。Ihavethreedaughters.Oneisanurse,anotherisateacherandanotherisaworker.我有三個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是教師，還有一個(gè)是工人。else表示，還有如：WhatelsecanIsay?我還能說(shuō)什么呢？1Shehastwosons,___isateacher,_____isanengineerAone,theotherBone,anotherCanother,anotherDone,other2Youhaveseenoneofthephotosofmysisters,nowI’you___AanotherBotherCothersDtheothers3__wenttothegreatwall,___visitedtheMiyunAAny,otherBOne,otherCSomeothersDSometheothers4Haveyouany____novels?AanotherBotherCothersDtheother5Wouldyouliketohave___cupoftea?AanotherBotherCothersDtheother6Thet-shirtistoolong,pleaseshowme___AanotherBotherCothersDtheother7Heisabletodotheworkwithout_____helpAtheotherothersanyothersother8Wecandoit__timeAanotherBotherCothersDtheother9Therearefourdictionariesonthebookshelf.oneisFrench,___areEnglishAanotherBotherCothersDtheothers10Thechildrendonikethisstory,pleasetellthem___AanotherBtheotherCothersDtheothers11Thesecupsareours，thoseare___AothersBothersothertheothers’12Chinaislargerthan_____countriesinEuropeAotherBothersCanyotherCanyothers13Ifyouwanttochangeadoubleroom,you’topay___＄15.AanotherBotherCothersDtheother課時(shí)五祈使句祈使句的定義及句式特征：定義：祈使句是用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告或祝愿等的句子。它的特點(diǎn)是通常省略主語(yǔ)you,以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，末尾可用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)。祈使句沒(méi)有疑問(wèn)句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定兩種形式。Goandwashyourhands.(表命令)Bequite,please.（Pleasebequiet.Bekindtoyoursister.（表勸告）Watchyoursteps.（表警告）Noparking.(表禁止)肯定形式（動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭））以系動(dòng)詞be開(kāi)頭的祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：形容詞/名詞Bequiet/quick!Beagoodstudent!Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.）以實(shí)義動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭的祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)（+Comein,please！Pleaseopenyour！Putth