2023版高三一輪總復習英語（譯林版）必修第三冊教案

課標單詞背誦(先填后背)第一組1．soiln．土壤；國土，領(lǐng)土，土地2．overseasadj.海外的，國外的adv.在海外，向國外3．regionn．地區(qū)，區(qū)域；行政區(qū)4．continentn．大陸，陸地，洲5．millionnum.一百萬；許多，大量6．lengthn．長，長度；時間的長短；篇幅，(電影)片長7．biodiversityn．生物多樣性8．speciesn．(pl.species)種，物種9．nutn．堅果10．wildlifen．野生動植物，野生生物11．beneathprep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上12．toweringadj.高大的，高聳的；出色的13．hardwoodn．闊葉樹；硬材(闊葉樹的木材)14．livingadj.活著的，活的；在使用的n．生計，謀生；生活方式15．frogn．蛙，青蛙16．insectn．昆蟲17．microorganismn．微生物18．nutrientn．營養(yǎng)素，營養(yǎng)物19．carbonn．碳20．oxygenn．氧，氧氣21．thusadv.因此，從而；這樣22．a(chǎn)griculturen．農(nóng)業(yè)，農(nóng)學23．cattlen．牛24．impactn．影響，作用；撞擊，沖撞vi.&vt.有影響；沖擊25．extinctionn．滅絕，絕種26．climaten．氣候；傾向，風氣27．globaladj.全球的；全面的28．greenhousen．溫室，暖房29．gasn．氣體；煤氣；汽油30．droughtn．旱災，久旱第二組31．brochuren．小冊子32．a(chǎn)bsolutelyadv.絕對地，完全地；極其33．beltn．地帶，地區(qū)；腰帶；傳送帶34．medaln．獎章，勛章35．imagen．形象；圖像；意象36．sharkn．鯊魚37．whalen．鯨38．deern．(pl.deer)鹿39．trackvt.&vi.跟蹤，追蹤n．足跡，蹤跡；小道；軌道；跑道；路線40．habitatn．生活環(huán)境，棲息地41．nowhereadv.無處，哪里都不42．dolphinn．海豚43．residentn．居民，住戶44．chiefn．首領(lǐng)，最高領(lǐng)導人adj.主要的；首席的45．committeen．委員會46．smogn．霧霾，煙霧47．profitn．利潤，收益；好處vi.&vt.獲益，得到好處48．defence(AmEdefense)n.辯護；防御，保護；防御物；國防；防守49．variousadj.各種不同的，各種各樣的50．economicadj.經(jīng)濟的，經(jīng)濟上的；可賺錢的51．policyn．政策，方針；原則52．branchn．(政府或機構(gòu))部門；分部；樹枝；支流；分支53．strategyn．策略，行動計劃；策劃，部署54．recyclevt.回收利用，再利用55．subwayn．地鐵；地下人行道56．formeradj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，從前的57．officialn．官員，要員adj.公務的；正式的，官方的58．povertyn．貧窮，貧困；貧乏59．poisonvt.污染；毒死，毒害n．毒物，毒藥60．chemicaln．化學制品adj.化學的；化學作用的61．furtheradj.更多的，更進一步的adv.較遠，更遠；進一步vt.促進，增進[單詞拼寫·運用]核心單詞語境運用1．harmn．&vt.傷害，損害2．survivevi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于難3．damagevt.&n．損害，傷害，損壞，破壞4．protestvi.反對，抗議vt.反對；堅持聲稱，申辯n．抗議，反對5．massn．大量；團，塊，堆；一大群adj.大批的，廣泛的6．processn．過程，進程；步驟，流程vt.加工，處理用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Therewasafireinourstreet，butnoonewasharmed(harm)．2．Aftersurviving(survive)thatnight，shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.3．Theyhaverepairedthebuildingsdamaged(damage)inthefire.4．Outsidethehallweresomeworkersprotesting(protest)againsttheirpoorconditions.5．ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmasses(mass)asfarsouthasNewfoundland.6．Hesaidthattheberrieswereprocessed(process)intojuiceorsauceinthisfactory.派生單詞語境運用1．varyv．變化→varietyn．不同種類；變化，多樣性；變種，變體→variousadj.各種不同的，各種各樣的2．a(chǎn)ppearvi.出現(xiàn)→disappearvi.不復存在，滅絕，消亡；消失；失蹤→appearancen．外觀；外貌；出現(xiàn)→disappearancen．消失3．a(chǎn)pplyv．申請；應用→applicationn．應用，運用；申請→applicantn．申請人4．organizevt.組織→organizationn．組織，團體；組織工作；安排；條理→organizern．組織者5．entireadj.完全的→entirelyadv.完全地，全部地，完整地6．consequentadj.隨之而來的→consequentlyadv.結(jié)果；因此→consequencen．結(jié)果，后果；重要性用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Therearevariousgoodsinthesupermarket，andthepricesvaryfromcentstodollars.Thevarietyattractsmanycustomers.(vary)2．Whenhesuddenlyappearedintheclassroom，thestudentswereconcentratingonlisteningtotheirteacher.Hissuddenappearancesurprisedthem.(appear)3．Theapplicantswhowanttoapplyforthepositionshouldhandintheirapplications．(apply)4．Hejoinedtheorganizationwhichwasorganizedbyhisschoolassoonasitwassetup.(organize)5．Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.Itnowlooksentirelydifferentfromthepreviousone.(entire)6．Oneoftheworstconsequencesofsmokingforalongtimeisthatyoumaysufferfromlungcancer.Consequently，youandyourfamilywillsufferalot.(consequent)1．(2021·全國乙卷)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline，athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies. CA．較遠，更遠 B．更進一步的C．另外的2．(2018·天津卷)Future3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier. CA．過程，進程B．步驟C．加工，處理3．(2018·北京卷)14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs. AA．質(zhì)量B．一大群C．團，塊，堆[短語理解·運用]高頻短語1．inturn相應地，轉(zhuǎn)而2．breakdown使分解(為)，使變化(成)3．breathelifeinto給……帶來起色，注入活力4．dueto由于，因為5．buildup逐漸增加，擴大6．indangerof處于……的危險中7．comeupwith想出，想到8．callfor(公開)要求；需要9．springtomind突然記起(或想到)10．getridof擺脫，丟棄，扔掉11．giveriseto使發(fā)生(或存在)12．leaveout漏掉語境運用選用左邊短語的適當形式填空1．Itissaidthatthenewspaperarticlescallforseverepunishmentforthiscrime.2．Increasedproductionwill，inturn，leadtoincreasedprofits.3．Aftermanyyears，rocksbreakdownintodirt.4．Theprojecthadtobeabandonedduetoalackofgovernmentfunding.5．Shehasalwaysbeenencouragedtoswimtobuildupthestrengthofhermuscles.6．Asisknowntoall，thepandaisindangerofbecomingextinct.[句式辨識·運用]教材原句背誦句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫1．過去分詞短語作后置定語Ofthe390，000plantspeciesknowntous，morethan40，000canbefoundintheAmazon.Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.Canthoseseatedatthebackhearme?我有重要的事情要說。坐在后面的那些人能聽見我說話嗎？2.“表語＋系動詞＋主語”倒裝句式Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.Amongtheguestsisthepersonyouarelookingfor.你找的那個人就在客人當中。3.“so＋助動詞＋主語”結(jié)構(gòu)Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestogrow，sodoestheeffectwehaveonanimals.Iadoredthismovieandsodidallmyfriends．我喜歡這部電影，我所有的朋友們也喜歡。1．harm[課本義]n.&vt.傷害，損害[增補義]vt.使……受到損害n．危害(高考原句·2020·浙江1月卷)Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvironment.(1)causeharmto...對……造成傷害/有害harmsb.(＝doharmtosb.＝dosb.harm)傷害某人Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事沒有害處meannoharmto...對……沒有惡意(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto...對……有害(3)harmlessadj.無害的Whatshouldbedonetopunishpeoplewhodoharmtotheanimals?應該做些什么來懲罰那些傷害動物的人呢？meannoharmtoher對她并無惡意domoreharmthangood成事不足，敗事有余doalotofharmtothecrops給莊稼帶來許多危害theharmdonetotheenvironment對環(huán)境造成的損害【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Thereisnoharminwriting(write)downyournameontheform.②Ifweknowthatgossip(閑話)canbeharmful(harm)，thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?③Imeantnoharmforyou—onlytokeepyoufromfailing.for→to【鏈接寫作】——一句多譯如果使用不當，這種藥物會對你造成傷害。①Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewilldo/causeharmtoyou/doyouharm．(harmn．)②Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewillharmyou．(harmvt.)③Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewillbeharmfultoyou．(harmful)2．variety[課本義]n.不同種類；變化，多樣性；變種，變體[增補義]n.品種；綜藝節(jié)目(1)avarietyof＝varietiesof種種，各種不同的；多方面的thevarietyof...……的品種(2)variousadj.各種各樣的；多方面的(3)varyvt.&vi.改變；變更；變化；不同varywith...隨著……而變化varyin在……方面不同/有差異varyfrom...to...由……到……情況不等Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.和我們一起品嘗當?shù)囟喾N多樣的新鮮的食物和飲料。varywiththetime隨著時間而變化varyinprice在價格方面不同/有差異varyfromplacetoplace各個地方變化不同foravarietyof/varietiesof/variousreasons由于各種原因【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①IfyoucometovisitChina，youwillexperienceacultureofamazingdepthandvariety(vary)．②Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantis(be)limited，buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.③Aswecansee，thepricesofvegetablesvaryalongtheseason.along→with【鏈接寫作】——詞匯升級(普通表達)Heisalwaysmakingupallkindsofjokestomakeeveryonelaugh.(高級表達)Heisalwaysmakingupavarietyof/varietiesofjokestomakeeveryonelaugh.【名師點津】avarietyof...之后謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；thevarietyof...之后謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。3．survive[課本義]vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于難[增補義]vi.&vt.挺過(難關(guān))；比……活得長(高考原句·2021·全國甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.(1)survivesth.幸免于，在……中幸存下來surviveon靠……生存下來survivefrom從……留存下來；流傳下來AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得長(幾年)(2)survivaln．生存；殘存物Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest，therewouldbelittlechancetosurvive/ofsurvival.如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。survivetwoworldwars經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)而幸存下來surviveonrootsandberries靠吃樹根和漿果維持生命poorpeoplestrugglingtosurvive為生存而掙扎著的窮人【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonJeremy'ssalary.②Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedinearliertimes.in→from【鏈接寫作】——完成句子據(jù)說這位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。It'ssaidthatthewomansurvivedherhusbandby10years.【名師點津】survive表示“從地震、火災、事故等中幸存下來”時，為及物動詞，其后不可接介詞from或in。4．defence[課本義]n.辯護；防御，保護；防御物；國防；防守[增補義]n.答辯；被告一方(及辯護律師)(1)indefenceof保護；為了保衛(wèi)；(為……)辯護inone'sdefence＝indefenceofsb.為某人辯護(2)defendvt.保衛(wèi)；防守defend...from/against...保護……免受……；為……辯護defendoneself自衛(wèi)Thescientistwenttothatregionindefenceofthatrarespecies.那位科學家去了那個地區(qū)保護那種珍稀物種。indefenceofpeople'sinterests保護人民的利益indefenceofthepresentsystem為目前的體系辯護defendoneselfsuccessfullyincourt在法庭上成功地為自己進行了辯護【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Thetravellermayfireatawildbeasttodefendhimself(he)incaseheisattacked.②Severalpeoplespokeinmydefenceatthemeeting.③Thecouncilstatesthateverychildshouldbedefendedofdangerousthings.of→from/against【鏈接寫作】——完成句子現(xiàn)在越來越多的婦女學會起來保護她們的合法權(quán)利。Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtorisetodefend/indefenceoftheirlegalrights．5．consequence[課本義]n.結(jié)果，后果；重要性[增補義]n.重大意義(高考原句·2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Iwonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomattertheconsequences.(1)asaconsequence(＝inconsequence)因此，結(jié)果inconsequenceof(＝asaconsequenceof)由于……的緣故，因而beofno/littleconsequence無足輕重的，不重要的(2)consequentadj.必然的；隨之發(fā)生的consequentlyadv.因此；必然地Finallytheyoungmanbrokedownasaconsequenceof/inconsequenceofgreatstress.因為壓力太大，最后那個年輕人崩潰了。answerfor/dealwith/taketheconsequences承擔后果inconsequenceofhisbadwork由于他工作表現(xiàn)不好beofgreatconsequencetoallofus對我們所有人都非常重要acceptthefullconsequencesofyourbehaviour承擔你的行為所引起的全部后果【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Wemustanswerfortheconsequencesofourowndeed.②MycarbrokedownandconsequentIwaslate.consequent→consequently【鏈接寫作】——詞匯升級(普通表達)Agreatfirebrokeout，andasaresult，thehousewascompletelydestroyed.①(高級表達)Agreatfirebrokeout，andasaconsequence/inconsequence，thehousewascompletelydestroyed.②(高級表達)Asaconsequenceof/Inconsequenceofagreatfire，thehousewascompletelydestroyed.6．breakdown[課本義]使分解(為)，使變化(成)[增補義]出故障；拋錨；(身體等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(談判等)失??；打破，消除(高考原句·2021·浙江卷)Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswereworriedabout.Really，thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownhalfway.【一詞多義】——寫出下列句子中breakdown的漢語意思①Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead，becausetheairconditioningbrokedown. (機器)出故障②IfTimcarriesonworkinglikethis，he'llbreakdownsoonerorlater. (身體)垮掉③Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence，youmustbreakitdownintoparts. 分解④Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreakdownsomebarrierstotradebetweenthem.消除breakup打碎；驅(qū)散；(關(guān)系)破裂，分手；(會議等)結(jié)束；(物理)解體breakin打斷，插嘴；強行闖入breakinto強行闖入；突然開始(笑、歡呼等)breakoff使折斷；突然終止；中斷(談話等)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、火災等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakthrough克服；取得突破breakawayfrom脫離；斷絕與……的關(guān)系Thecomputersystembrokedownsuddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformation.在他搜尋資料時，電腦系統(tǒng)突然壞了。breakdownracialdiscrimination消除種族歧視breakuptheoldcarsfortheirparts把那些舊車拆掉取零件breakdowntheprojectintosmallerparts把項目分成幾個小部分【基礎(chǔ)練習】——語段語法填空Unfortunately，thepeacetalksbrokedownintheend.Asaresult，awarbrokeoutbetweenthetwocountries.Thenativepeoplehadtobreakawayfromtheirhomesandsufferedalotfromthewar.【鏈接寫作】——完成句子①媽媽闖進我的房間，告訴我不要熬夜了，否則身體會垮掉的。MotherbrokeintomyroomandtoldmenottostayuporIwouldbreakdown．②科學家認為他們在抗癌的研究中開始有所突破。Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.7．buildup[課本義]逐漸增加，擴大[增補義]逐漸增強；增強……的體質(zhì)；建立；創(chuàng)辦；開發(fā)；聚集；積累(高考原句·2021·天津3月卷)“Thetechnologistmustbuildupastorywiththepatient，”Ms.L'Ecuyersaid.【一詞多義】——寫出下列句子中buildup的漢語意思①Bearsbuildupfatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep. 積累②Hisconfidencebuiltupgraduallyashegainedmoreandmoreexperienceinteaching. 逐漸增強③Takingexercisehelpsusbuildusupandkeepaclearmind. 增強……的體質(zhì)④It'ssaidthatshe'sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness. 建立；創(chuàng)辦buildsth.up創(chuàng)建；開發(fā)buildsb./oneselfup增強某人或自身的體質(zhì)buildupone'svocabulary增加詞匯量buildon把……建立于；依賴Takinganactivepartinsportsandoutdooractivitiesisreallyhelpfultobuildusupandenrichourschoollife.積極參加體育和戶外活動確實有助于強身健體和豐富我們的學校生活。buildthewallup把墻加厚buildupone'sstrength恢復體力buildonearlierachievements建立在原來的成就之上【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildupintheatmosphere，causingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.②Hedrewtheconclusionbybuildinguphisowninvestigation.up→on【鏈接寫作】——完成句子這兒很多大企業(yè)都是從小規(guī)模發(fā)展起來的。Manyalargeandbigbusinesshasbeenbuiltupfromsmalloneshere.8．comeupwith[課本義]想出，想到[增補義]追趕上；比得上(高考原句·2021·浙江卷)Inthepastfewyears，anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthiseup升起；被提出；發(fā)生keepupwith與……同步，跟上(強調(diào)狀態(tài))catchupwith跟上(強調(diào)動作)putupwith忍耐，忍受；熬過endupwith以……結(jié)束Tohersurprise，somethingunexpectedcameupatthemeeting.讓她驚訝的是，會議上出現(xiàn)了意想不到的事情。endupwithnothing一無所得comeupwithnewways/ideas提出新的方法/想法putupwithbehaviourfromtheirson容忍他們兒子的行為keepupwiththeseexcellentstudents跟上那些優(yōu)秀學生【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Specialistscancomeupwithnewwaystosolvetheproblemofairpollution.②Withoutyourhelp，theexperimentwillendupwithfailure.③Afterbeingoutofschoolsolong，shehadtoworkhardinordertocatchupontheothers.on→with【鏈接寫作】——完成句子在會上他們都對如何解決這些問題提出了一些想法。Atthemeetingtheyallcameupwithsomeideasonhowtosolvetheseproblems.【名師點津】comeupwith意為“提出”，主語(人)是提出者，后面的賓語才是被提出的內(nèi)容，無被動語態(tài)。comeup為不及物動詞短語。9．Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestogrow，sodoestheeffectwehaveonanimals.隨著人口的持續(xù)增長，我們對動物的影響也在不斷增加。(1)“so＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”表示上文所述的肯定情況也適用于另一個人或物，意為“……也一樣”。(2)“so＋主語＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞”表示同意上文所述內(nèi)容，意為“確實如此，的確如此”。(3)“neither/nor＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”表示上文的否定情況也適用于后者，意為“……也不……”。(4)如果表示前面兩件事或兩件以上的事也適合于另一人或物時，則需要Soitis/waswith...或Itis/wasthesamewith...。【金句推送】(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Asthenumberoftouristshasgrown，sohastheamountoftrafficontheroads.隨著游客數(shù)量的增加，道路上的交通量也增加了?！净A(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Henryisverycleverbuthedoesn'tworkhardathislessons.Soitiswithhislittlebrother.②Whenwebeginconversationswithnewpeople，wewanttofeelcomfortable，andneitherdothey.neither→so【鏈接寫作】——句式升級(普通表達)Hisparentswerenotsatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam.Histeacherwasnotsatisfiedeither.(高級表達)Hisparentswerenotsatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam，andneither/norwashisteacher．(neither/nor)夯基固本——基礎(chǔ)強化Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Walkingintheairfullofsmogisharmful(harm)tous.2．Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious(vary)activitiesonEarthDay.3．Therewasacarcrashyesterday，andofthesixpeopleinjured，onlytwosurvived(survive)．4．Allthepeople，menandwomen，youngandold，werefightingagainstthefloodindefence(defend)oftheirownhomes.5．Itrainedyesterday，andconsequently(consequent)，thematchwascancelled.Ⅱ.改正句中的錯誤1．Townsonlyafewmilesapartcanhaveentiredifferentdialects.entire→entirely2．Thevillagersweremendingtheroofdamagedwiththestrongwind.with→by3．Hewassurprisedaboutthedisappearanceofmanyspeciesofplantsfromourplanet.about→at/by4．We'llneedseverallengthofstringtotiethepackage.length→lengths5．Theconferenceclosedwithshortspeechbytheorganizer.with后加aⅢ.在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~1．There'snogreatharmindrinkingalittlebeertorelievetirednessafterhardwork.2．Roomsvaryinsizeandareequippedwithhairdryers，televisionsandtelephones.3．Theycansurviveonverylittlemoney.4．Shehadtodefendherselfagainst/fromtheguarddog.5．Sheworkedhardatherlessonsandasaconsequenceshegothighmarks.6．Atonepoint，thepeacetalksbetweenthetwocountriesseemedtobreakdownwithnoagreementreached.7．Itmaytakeafewweeksforyoutobuildupyourstrengthagain.8．Ihadn'tbeentothecontinentbeforeandneither/norhadJane.查缺補漏——知識拾遺Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Amongthepeopleis(be)alittleboysurvivingtheearthquake.2．Heisthepersontracking(track)measfarasthefactorytheotherday.3．Hedecidedtosendhissonabroadforfurther(far)education.4．Asamatteroffact，someoftheirnewproductsarehighlyprofitable(profit)．5．Theexperttalkedoftheapplication(apply)ofthenewtechnology.6．WhenI'mreadingabook，absolutely(absolute)nothingcangetmyattention.7．Youmustn'ttakeanythingthatispoisonous(poison)tothatcentre.8．Itisnaturalthatamayorshouldpaymoreattentiontotheeconomic(economy)development.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~1．Theyoungmanwasforcedtoleavethecompanyduetothismistake.2．Tobehonest，whatyousaidhadnoimpactonthechildrenhere.3．Infact，theyoungvolunteershavebreathedlifeintotheoldclub.4．Thevillagersstayedintheshelterwhereenoughfoodwasoffered.5．Howmanyfactoryworkersareindangeroflosingtheirjobsnow?6．Hehassomemoneyinhispocket，withwhichhewillbuyhersomebooks.強技提能——語言運用Ⅰ.課文縮寫語法填空WelcometotheAmazonrainforest，the1．largest(large)rainforestintheworld.Itplaysasignificantrolein2.maintaining(maintain)thefinebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem.TheAmazonrainforestcrossesintoeightcountries3.withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometres，morethanhalf4.thesizeofChina.ItisnamedaftertheAmazonRiver,5.whichiscloseto6，400kilometresinlength.Ofthe390，000plantspecies6.known(know)tous，morethan40，000canbefoundintheAmazonrainforest.Theforest'sdifferentlevelssupportanunbelievable7.variety(vary)ofwildlife.Andmorethan1，300speciesof8.birds(bird)andover400speciesofmammalshideamongtheforest.TheAmazonrainforest9.isrecognized(recognize)asthe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”byfixingcarbonandproducingover20%ofalltheEarth'soxygen.Moreover，theAmazonrainforest10.is(be)atreasurehouseofspeciesthatcanbeusedforfoodormedicine.Ⅱ.文本寫作Step1．寫作要點(利用本單元知識補全所給英文句子)①2019年，被稱為“地球之肺”的亞馬孫熱帶雨林發(fā)生了特大火災。In2019，ahugefirebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforestknownasthe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”．②火災可能對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成永久性破壞。Thefirecouldcausepermanentdamagetotheecosystem.③碳排放可能導致全球變暖。Carbonemissionsmaycontributetoglobalwarming．④近年來由于人類的活動，亞馬孫雨林一直在遭到破壞。Ithasbeendestroyinginrecentyearsduetohumanactivities．⑤相關(guān)資料顯示，在過去的30年里，亞馬孫雨林已經(jīng)縮小了六分之一。Relevantinformationshowsthatinthepast30years，theAmazonrainforesthasshrunkbyonesixth．⑥如果這種現(xiàn)象沒有得到遏制，在不遠的將來，這片美麗的雨林將從地球上消失！Ifthisphenomenonisnotcontrolled，thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture!Step2.銜接成文(利用恰當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞語連句成篇)In2019，ahugefirebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforestknownasthe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”．Thefirecouldcausepermanentdamagetotheecosystemandcarbonemissionsmaycontributetoglobalwarming.Infact，ithasbeendestroyinginrecentyearsduetohumanactivities.Relevantinformationshowsthatinthepast30years，theAmazonrainforesthasshrunkbyonesixth.Ifthisphenomenonisnotcontrolled，thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture!

課標單詞背誦(先填后背)第一組1．countyn．郡，縣2．disastern．災難，災害；徹底失敗3．crashn．碰撞聲，破裂聲；碰撞；崩潰vi.&vt.碰撞，撞擊；崩潰4．signalvi.&vt.發(fā)信號，示意；標志n．信號，暗號；標志；信號燈5．exitvt.&vi.出去，離去，退場；退出n．出口，通道；離開6．stairn．樓梯；梯級7．rolln．名單；卷；一管；翻滾vi.&vt.翻滾，滾動；翻身；卷起8．confirmvt.證實，確認；使確信；批準9．hugvt.擁抱，摟抱；抱緊10．proceduren．程序，步驟，手續(xù)11．oddadj.奇怪的，怪異的；偶爾的；不成對的12．reliefn．寬慰，輕松；減輕，消除；救濟13．typhoonn．臺風14．destructiveadj.引起破壞(或毀滅)的，破壞(或毀滅)性的15．polen．柱，桿；極16．hurricanen．颶風17．conferencen．會議，研討會；討論，商談18．powern．電，電力；權(quán)力；政權(quán)；控制力；能力；能量；力量19．donatevt.捐贈，贈送；獻(血)20．charityn．慈善機構(gòu)(或組織)；慈善，施舍；仁愛，寬容21．staffn．全體職工；管理人員vt.在……工作，任職于22．sliden．幻燈片；降低；滑行；山崩vi.&vt.滑行；逐漸陷入23．fundn．資金；基金第二組24．floodn．洪水，水災；大量vi.&vt.淹沒，泛濫；大量涌入；充滿25．downstairsadv.在樓下，往樓下n．樓下26．documentn．文件，公文；(計算機中的)文檔27．honeyn．(愛稱)親愛的；蜂蜜28．otherwiseadv.否則，不然；除此以外29．curiousadj.好奇的；奇特的30．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生31．unearthvt.使出土，挖掘，發(fā)掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到32．destinationn．目的地，終點33．barn．酒吧；小館子；吧臺；條，塊；欄桿；障礙vt.封；阻擋；阻止34．importn．進口產(chǎn)品，輸入的產(chǎn)品；輸入vt.進口，引進35．exportn．出口產(chǎn)品，輸出的產(chǎn)品；出口，輸出vt.出口，輸出36．portn．港口，避風港；港口城市37．cloud-cappedadj.高聳入云的，聳入云霄的38．volcanon．火山39．trunkn．樹干40．unbearableadj.難耐的，無法忍受的41．beyondadv.在(或向)較遠處，在另一邊prep.在(或向)更遠處；超出；晚于；無法；超出……之外42．distancen．遙遠，久遠；距離；差異；疏遠43．patternn．圖案，花樣；模式；范例；模型44．columnn．柱，圓柱；柱狀物；欄；專欄；隊，列45．locatevt.找出……的準確位置；把……安置在(或建造于)46．retirevi.&vt.退休，退職[單詞拼寫·運用]核心單詞語境運用1．injurevt.傷害，使受傷；損害2．occurvi.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；存在于3．scarevt.&vi.驚嚇，害怕n．恐慌；驚嚇4．supplyn．補給，補給品；供應；供應量，儲備vt.供應，供給，提供5．rescuen．&vt.救援，營救，搶救6．shockn．震驚，驚愕，劇烈震動vt.使震驚用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Threepeoplewerekilledandfiveinjured(injure)inthecrash.2．Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation，youneedtohandinareport，explaininghowtheideaoccurs(occur)toyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.3．Shewasscared(scare)togointotheyardbecauseabigdogwasinit.4．Thecompanyhaswonaplantosupply(supply)booksandmaterialstoschools.5．Thetwomenonthefishingshipwererescued(rescue)beforeitsank.6．Iwasshocked(shock)tohearthenewsthathehadbeenfired.派生單詞語境運用1．ordern．命令；順序；規(guī)則→orderlyadj.有秩序的，有條理的，整齊的2．reactvi.反應→reactionn．反應，回應；抗拒；化學反應3．sharpadj.靈敏的；鋒利的；急劇的；明顯的；尖銳的；強烈的→sharplyadv.急劇地；鋒利地→sharpenvt.使鋒利→sharpenern．鉛筆刀；磨具4．informvt.了解，熟悉；通知→informationn．信息用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Theboy'spencilisn'tsharp，sohesharpensitwithhissharpener．(sharp)2．Inordertokeeptheroadorderlyandpeoplesafe，everyoneshouldfollowthetrafficrules.(order)3．Peoplemaywonderhowtheirparents，children，friends，andcoworkerswillreacttotheircancer，andhowtheywillfeelaboutthatreaction．(react)4．Createadocumenttoshowwhoneedtobekeptinformedabouttheprojectandhowtheywillreceivetheinformation．(inform)1．(2021·浙江6月卷)Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople. BA．文件B．記錄，記載C．(計算機中的)文檔2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfortemporaryhelpduringourspringbreak，forwhichIhadnoplansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords. AA．除……之外B．在(或向)更遠處C．晚于3．(2020·浙江卷)Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge. AA．動力B．權(quán)力C．能力4．(2018·浙江卷)Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower. BA．能量B．強國C．電力[短語理解·運用]高頻短語1．a(chǎn)tlarge整個，全部2．safeandsound安然無恙的3．occurto被想到，浮現(xiàn)在腦中4．keepone'shead(在困境中)保持冷靜5．holdonto緊緊抓住6．toone'srelief讓某人寬慰的是7．runoutof用完；耗盡8．taketheformof呈現(xiàn)……的形狀；采取……的形式9．breakout突然開始，爆發(fā)10．farandwide到處，各處11．floodin涌入12．a(chǎn)longwith和……一起13．a(chǎn)boveall最重要的是14．inthedistance在遠處語境運用選用左邊短語的適當形式填空1．Trytokeepyourheadandjusttellmewhathappened.2．Atlastheacceptedtheopinionofthepublicatlarge．3．Happily，allofthemhavereturnedsafeandsound．4．Thisspecialkindofartcantaketheformofpaintings，sculptures，clothorevenstickers.5．Whatshallwedoifwerunoutofallthesupplies?6．Itoldhimhowwehadfoughttoholdontothecompany.7．Inaflash，itoccurredtohimthathehadlefthisumbrellainthemeetingroom.[句式辨識·運用]教材原句背誦句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫1．bedoing...when...正在做……，這時……AliceBrown，headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool，wasteachingwhenthefloorbegantoshake.Thefirefighterswererescuingtheresidentswhenitbegantorain.消防隊員正在救那些居民，這時開始下雨了。2.incase...萬一……；以防，以備Atthesametime，MissBrownquicklyopenedtheclassroomdoor，incaseitbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.Thistime，westayedtogether，incaseanythingelseunusualoccurred．這次我們待在一起，以防其他異常的事情發(fā)生。3.themoment...一……就……Themomenttheshakingstopped，MissBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclasstomaketheirescape.Allthestudentsranoutoftheclassroomthemomenttheearthquakeoccurred．地震一發(fā)生，所有學生都跑出了教室。4.mighthavedone過去可能做了某事Itsashyrocks，nowdark，nowlight，toldastoryofpasteruptionsthatmighthavewarnedthecitywhatwastocome！Ourteacherwasalittleshocked.Shemighthaveknownthetruth．我們的老師有些震驚，她或許是知道真相了。1．injure[課本義]vt.傷害，使受傷；損害[增補義]vt.傷害(名譽、自尊等)(1)injuryn．(對軀體的)傷害，損傷；(對感情的)傷害，挫傷dosb./oneselfaninjury(＝doaninjurytosb./oneself)使某人或自己受傷害(2)injuredadj.受傷的getinjured受傷theinjured傷員I'mconfidentthathewillrecoverfromtheinjurysoon.我相信他很快會從傷痛中恢復過來。Butnow，becausemyleftfootwasinjuredinthefootballgame，Icannotgowithyouasplanned.但現(xiàn)在，由于我的左腳在足球比賽中受傷了，我不能像計劃的那樣和你一起去。injureaman'spride傷害某人的自尊心herbadlyinjuredankle她嚴重受傷的腳踝sufferaninjurytoherback她的背部受了傷injureanarminacaraccident在車禍中傷了一只手臂【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Hiskneewasinjured(injure)yesterdayafternoon.②Itisreportedthatinjuredhavebeentransferredtolocalhospitalsfortreatment.injured前加the【鏈接寫作】——詞匯升級(普通表達)RemindJohnnottoinjurehimselfwhenheplaysoutdoors.(高級表達)RemindJohnnottodoaninjurytohimself/dohimselfaninjurywhenheplaysoutdoors.(injury)2．reaction[課本義]n.反應，回應；抗拒；化學反應[增補義]n.生理反應，副作用(高考原句·2020·浙江卷)Inthepast，therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic：justwidentheroads.(1)reactionto對……的反應(2)reactvi.反應，回應reactto...對……作出反應/回應reactwith與……起化學反應reactagainst反對；反抗reacton/upon影響；對……起作用Idon'tknowwhathisreactionwastothatconsequenceatthetime.我不知道當時他對那個結(jié)果的反應是什么。reactagainsthiseducation反抗對他的教育reacttothelatestnews對最新消息作出反應reacton/upontheunkindpeople影響那些不善良的人anaturalreactiontosuchbadnews對這種壞消息的自然反應【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Butweallhavetoacceptthataswegetolderourdifferentreactions(reaction)slowdown.②Theinstructorwondershowthestudentsreactonthestrengthtraining.on→to【鏈接寫作】——完成句子①孩子們往往以違背父母的意愿來反抗他們。Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.②鐵與水和空氣發(fā)生反應而生銹。Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.3．occur[課本義]vi.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；存在于[增補義]vi.舉行；想起(高考原句·2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Wearetheproductsofevolution，andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.(1)sth.occur(s)tosb.某人想起某事itoccurstosb.that...某人想起……itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想到要做某事(2)occurrencen．發(fā)生；事件；出現(xiàn)Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.他突然想起他把鑰匙落在辦公室里了。beoffrequent/rareoccurrence是常有或少有的ifanythingshouldoccur如果發(fā)生什么事情的話occurredatabout3：30p．m.發(fā)生在下午3點30分左右【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.②Itneveroccurredhertoaskforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.her前加to【鏈接寫作】——句式升級(普通表達)WhenIgothome，IrememberedthatIhadleftmybookintheclassroom.(高級表達)WhenIgothome，itoccurredtomethatIhadleftmybookintheclassroom.(occur)【名師點津】表示“某人突然想起……”的短語有：sth.strike/sb.；sth.hitsb.等。4．relief[課本義]n.寬慰，輕松；減輕，消除；救濟[增補義]n.(痛苦、憂慮等的)解除，換班(接替)人，加班(增開)的公共汽車、火車等(高考原句·2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Still，mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.(1)in/withrelief如釋重負；松了口氣toone'srelief令人感到欣慰的是It'sarelieftodosth.做某事是令人欣慰的Whatarelief！可輕松了！(真叫人寬慰！)(2)relievevt.使輕松，寬慰；緩解relievesb.of...解除某人……方面的負擔Itwasarelieftohearthattheyhadreturned，safeandsound.聽說他們安然無恙地回來了，感到舒心多了。smilein/withrelief舒心地笑了ahugerelieftoher對她來說是個莫大安慰breatheasighofrelief如釋重負地松了一口氣giveapatientrelieffrompain使病人減輕痛苦【基礎(chǔ)練習】——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Itisagreatrelieftoknow(know)you'resafe.②Oh，whatarelief!Thankyou