中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)代詞學(xué)案

中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)——代詞教案課堂導(dǎo)入你看到了什么？將圖片顛倒過來看你又看到了什么？從不同的角度看問題，你會有不一樣的收獲！IwasaIwasanEasteregg。我曾經(jīng)是一只復(fù)活節(jié)彩蛋。IwasanEasteregg。我曾經(jīng)是一只復(fù)活節(jié)彩蛋。初中英語代詞用法分類詳解初中英語代詞用法分類詳解一、基本概念代詞是用來代替名詞或名詞性短語或句子的詞類。從本質(zhì)上說，它屬于名詞性詞類，即在不指出具體名詞、名詞短語或名詞性句子的情況下，用以代替說明它的詞類。二、基本分類稱主系接定問示互身九大代詞人稱第一人稱單數(shù)第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱單數(shù)第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey賓格meusyouyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myouryouryourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs反身代詞myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves三、用法詳解1）人稱代詞1.主格用來作主語，賓格用來作動詞或介詞的賓語。例：WealllikelearningEnglish.我們都喜歡學(xué)英語。Pleasetellhimtoreturnmybooktometomorrow.請告訴他明天把我的書還給我。2.作表語一般用賓格，但在比較正式的場合用主格。例：—Whoisit?誰呀？—It’sme.是我。（非正式）—ItisI.是我。（正式）3．單數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語時，其順序?yàn)椋旱诙朔Q－>第三人稱－>第一人稱例：You,heandIshouldhelponeanother.我、你、他應(yīng)該彼此幫助。SheandIareofthesameage.我和她同歲。4．復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞作主語時，其順序?yàn)椋旱谝蝗朔Q－>第二人稱－>第三人稱例：We,youandtheyareallChinese.我們、你們和他們都是中國人。注意：在承認(rèn)錯誤，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時，I放在其他人前面表示勇于承認(rèn)錯誤，we放在其他人后面。例：Iandmybrothermadethemistake.我和兄弟犯了錯誤。They,youandweshouldleavethereatonce.我們、你們和他們應(yīng)該立即離開那里。典型例題典型例題1.TomandMikearegoodfriends._______oftenhelpeachother．A．They B．Them C．Their D．Theirs2.Send__________apostcardfromAustraliawhenyouarethere.A.I B.me C.my D.mine3.I’mtalkingtoyou,Jack.Pleaselistento_______carefully.A.me B.mine C.you D.yours2）物主代詞1.形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，放在名詞之前作定語。例：Hisparentsarebothteachers.他的父母都是老師。2.名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，不能用于名詞之前。名詞性物主代詞在句中作主語、賓語、表語或與“of”連用（屬雙重所有格的一種形式）。例：Myrulerisredandyoursisyellow.我的尺子是紅色的，你的是黃色的。（作主語）Mypenisbroken,mayIuseyours?我的鋼筆壞了，我可以用你的嗎？（作賓語）物主代詞記憶口訣：物主代詞記憶口訣：物主代詞分兩種，形容詞性名詞性。形容詞性能力差，自己不能來當(dāng)家。句子當(dāng)中作定語，身后定把名詞加。物主代詞名詞性，相當(dāng)名詞可單用。句中充當(dāng)主賓表，身后沒有名詞影。兩種代詞形不同，添個s形變名。his,its不用變，my變mine要記清。典型例題典型例題1. —Whatareyoureading?—TheAdventuresofTomSawyer.______writerisMarkTwain.A.It B.Its C.He D.His2.Dogsaremysister’sfavoritepets.Thesecutedogsare_____.A.mine B.theirs C.hisD.hers反身代詞用法口訣：反身代詞表自身，句中可作三成分；動介后面用作賓，表示動作回自身；句中強(qiáng)調(diào)同位語，主語賓語后變跟；反身代詞用法口訣：反身代詞表自身，句中可作三成分；動介后面用作賓，表示動作回自身；句中強(qiáng)調(diào)同位語，主語賓語后變跟；系動be后作表語，這個用法要牢記。1.反身代詞在句中可作同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用：例：Theheadmasterhimselfwillgotoseemyparents.校長將親自去見我的父母。Thethingitselfisnotimportant.事情本身并不重要。2.作賓語：有些動詞需有反身代詞：absent,bathe,amuse,blame,dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave例：Sheisoldenoughtolookafterherself.她長大了，能自己照顧自己了。Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.我們昨晚玩得很開心。Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.請你隨便吃點(diǎn)魚。3.作表語：例：Iamnotquitemyselftoday.我今天感覺不好。典型例題典型例題1.—Whoteaches

_______painting？—Nobody,Iteach_______.A.your;mine

B.your;my

C.you;myself

D.you;me2.Welcometomynewhouse,AnnandJohn!Help

tosomefruit.A.myself

B.yourself

C.yourselves D.ourselves3.—Howdidyourunclelearntoplaytheguitar?—By

.A.myself

B.yourself

C.herself

D.himself4）疑問代詞how（方式）,when（時間）,where（地點(diǎn)）,why（原因）；how組成的疑問副詞短語：howoften(提問頻率“多久一次”)；howfar（提問距離“多遠(yuǎn)”）；howsoon（“多快，多久以后”）；howlong（提問長度或時間段“多長，多久”）；howmuch（提問價錢；提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量“多少”）；howmany（提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量“多少”）典型例題典型例題1.—______areyoulookingfor?—Thekeytomybike.A.Where B.Who C.What D.When2. —________didyougotothedoctor,Tim?—Twoweeksago.A.How B.Where C.What D.When3.—______willyourfathercomebackfromNewYork?—Intwodays.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howoften D.Howmany4.—_________dotheygotothevillageschool?—Onceamonth.A.Howoften B.Howlong C.Howfar D.Howmany5）不定代詞someanynosomeanynoeverybodythingoneall,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few;other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。注意：當(dāng)something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞被形容詞修飾時，形容詞放在其后。例如：Ihavenothingimportanttotellyou.1.Isthere__________intoday’snewspaper?A.anythinginterestingB.nothinginteresting C.somethinginterestingD.everythinginteresting幾組易混淆的不定代詞(a)few,(a)littlefewafewlittlealittle加可數(shù)名詞加可數(shù)名詞加不可數(shù)名詞加不可數(shù)名詞否定（幾乎沒有）肯定（若干）否定（幾乎沒有）肯定（一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)）1.The

American

student

could

speak

only

______Chinese,

but

he

managed

to

communicate

with

us.

A.few

B.little

C.a

few

D.a

little

2.Bobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.I’msurehecandotheworkwithmoneyandpeople.A.less;lessB.fewer;moreC.more;fewerD.less;fewerother五胞胎other某一個，其他的。不能單獨(dú)使用，后面需跟單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，泛指別的。例如：Wherearehisotherbooks?others其它。必須單獨(dú)使用，泛指別人或別的東西，相當(dāng)于other+名詞。常用于“some…others”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Somearered,andothersareblack.theother兩部分中的另一部分，剩下的一部分。常用于“one…theother…”或“two...theother...”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Shehastwosisters,oneisanurse,theotherisateacher.theothers其他全部，其余的。表示在一個范圍內(nèi)的其他全部，特指。相當(dāng)于theother+名詞。例如：InourclassonlyTomisAmerican,theothersareChinese.another另一個（指多個中的任何一個）可單獨(dú)用，也可接單數(shù)名詞，還可接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示另幾個，再幾個。例如：Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyou?anothertwoapples【圖示區(qū)分】

1.—Youwant________sandwich?—Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenI’mhungry.A.other B.another C.others D.theother2.Ihavethreefriends.Oneisadoctor,________arepolicemen. A.another B.theother C.others D.theothers3.With

the

help

of

the

Internet,

we

can

learn

what

___

people

around

the

world

are

doing.

A.another

B.the

other

C.other

D.the

others

③both,either,neither,all,any,none使用范圍都都不之一兩者bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany1.___________theboysareclever.兩個男孩都很聰明。Thereareflowerson__________sideoftheroad.馬路兩邊都有樹。2.____

of

these

two

hats

looks

good

on

my

daughter.

Do

you

have

another

one?

A.

Both

B.

All

C.

Neither

D.

None

3._____

of

them

knew

about

the

plan

because

they

didn’t

go

to

the

meeting.

A.

Some

B.

Any

C.

No

one

D.

None

4. —Whichbasketballplayerdoyoulikebest,Kobe,JamesorJordan?—_______ofthem.LinShuhaoismyfavorite.A.AllB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither6）指示代詞指示代詞this,that,these,those的用法this和these一般用來指在時間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人，例如：This

isapenand

that

isapencil．Wearebusy

these

days．

In

those

daystheworkershadahardtime．that和those指前面講到過的事物，this

和these則是指下面將要講到的事物，例如：

Ihadacold.

That'swhyIdidn'tcome.

WhatIwanttosayis

this

;pronunciationisveryimportantinlearningEnglish．that,those常用在比較句型中（as...as同級比較，...than不同級別比較），例如：

TheweatherinShenzhenisnotascoldasthatinBeijing.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofSouthKorea.④this

在電話用語中代表自己，that

則代表對方。例如：Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?1.Hello,_______isTomspeaking.Who’s__________? A.it;this B.this;that C.that;this D.this;it（2）it,one與that作代詞時的區(qū)別易混詞用法例句it指代上文提到的同一事物Thisbookismine.It’sveryinteresting.one泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個，同類而不同物—Whohasapen?—Ihaveone.that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.1.—Whohasadictionary,children? —Ihave_________.A.itB.thisC.oneD.that7)相互代詞8)連接代詞：引導(dǎo)名詞性從句9)關(guān)系代詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句課后作業(yè)1.Tom,Pleasepass________theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.

A.you

B.me

C.him

D.her2.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Thereare______newwordsinit.

A.alittle

B.little

C.afew

D.few3.Youwant________sandwich?Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenI’mhungry.

A.other

B.another

C.others

D.theother4.ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreofothersthan_______.

A.they

B.them

C.themselves

D.theirs5.Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?___________,thanks.I’dlikeacupoftea.

A.Either

B.Neither

C.Both

D.None6.Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.Nevermind.Youcanhave________.

A.us

B.ours

C.you

D.yours7.CanIcomethiseveningortomorrowmorning?_______isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.

A.Either

B.Neither

C.Both

D.None8.Howareyougoingtoimprove_______thisterm?Workharderthanlastterm.

A.ourselves

B.myself

C.himself

D.yourself9.Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor?Hercousin,Susan.

A.that

B.whose

C.who

D.which10.Is_______here?No.LiLeiandHanMeihaveaskedforleave.

A.everybody

B.somebody

C.anybody

D.nobody11.Paulhas_______friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.

A.many

B.some

C.few

D.more12.Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,you’llhavetopay______$30.

A.more

B.other

C.theother

D.another13.Doyoulivebyyourself,MrWang?

Yes.Ihavetwosons.But______ofthemliveswithme.TheyarenowstudyinginAmerica?

A.neither