【語法】數(shù)詞-完整版課件

高中英語精品語法課件數(shù)詞Lead-in完成表格中的序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞1one1st

11eleven11th

2two2nd

12twelve12th

3three3rd

13thirteen13th

4four4th

14fourteen14th

5five5th

15fifteen15th

6six6th

16sixteen16th

7seven7th

17seventeen17th

8eight8th

18eighteen18th

9nine9th

19nineteen19th

10ten10th

20twenty20thLead-in答案1first11eleventh2second12twelfth3third13thirteenth4fourth14fourteenth5fifth15fifteenth6sixth16sixteenth7seventh17seventeenth8eighth18eighteenth9ninth19nineteenth10tenth20twentiethPresentation數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞兩類：基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目大小的數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞表示順序先后的數(shù)詞。請注意下面表格中基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的變化規(guī)律：基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞Presentation基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞1one1stfirst11eleven11theleventh2two2ndsecond12twelve12thtwelfth3three3rdthird13thirteen13ththirteenth4four4thfourth14fourteen14thfourteenth5five5thfifth15fifteen15thfifteenth6six6thsixth16sixteen16thsixteenth7seven7thseventh17seventeen17thseventeenth8eight8theighth18eighteen18theighteenth9nine9thninth19nineteen19thnineteenth10ten10thtenth20twenty20thtwentiethPresentation30thirty30ththirtieth101onehundredandone101stonehundredandfirst40forty40thfortieth50fifty50thfiftieth123onehundredandtwenty-three123rdonehundredandtwenty-third60sixty60thsixtieth70seventy70thseventieth1000onethousand1000thonethousandth80eithty80theightieth90ninety90thninetieth1002onethousandandtwo1002ndonethousandandsecond100hundred100thhundredthPresentation數(shù)詞主要具有名詞的功用，可在句中充當(dāng)定語、主語、賓語和表語等。1）作主語數(shù)詞作主語一般常用于數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算，其他數(shù)詞作主語一般有后置定語?；鶖?shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法PresentationTwoofthemareleaguemembers.他們中有兩人是團(tuán)員。Thefirsttocometotheofficeisusuallythemanager.第一個到辦公室的通常是經(jīng)理。Fivetimessevenmakesthirty-five.5乘7等于35。Onehundreddividedbyfiveistwenty.100除以5等于20。Presentation2）作賓語數(shù)詞可作及物動詞和介詞的賓語。Doyouoftencometoschoolatseventhirty?你經(jīng)常在七點(diǎn)三十到嗎？Fiveandsixmakeseleven.5加6等于11。Wouldyouliketotakethethird?你愿意拿第三個嗎？Twofromtenleaveseight.10減2等于8。Presentation3）作表語數(shù)詞作表語常放在連系動詞be的后面。Myfatherisfifty-six.我父親五十六歲了。Thenumberofthestudentsintheschoolis1560.學(xué)校學(xué)生人數(shù)是1560。Youarethefifthtoseethedoctor.你第五個看病。Presentation4）作定語數(shù)詞充當(dāng)定語放在名詞前面，表示名詞的數(shù)量或順序。Therearefifty-sevenstudentsinourclass.在我們班有五十七位學(xué)生。Thelaststudenttoleaveisalwaysourmonitor.最后一個離開的總是我們的班長。Presentation①數(shù)詞表示倍數(shù)英語中表示倍數(shù)的詞有twice，threetimes，half等，倍數(shù)表達(dá)法有幾種，常見的有：…timesas+原級+as…times+比較級+than…timesthe+名詞+of數(shù)詞的表達(dá)法PresentationYourfathermakestwiceasmuchmoneyasmine.你爸爸賺的錢是我爸爸的兩倍。Thehallisfivetimesbiggerthanthemeeting-room.大廳是會議室的五倍大。Thehouseishalfthesizeofthatone.這房子是那房子的一半大。Thewaterinthisriverrunsthreetimesfasterthanthewaterinthatriver.這條河里的水流速度是那條河的三倍。Presentation②數(shù)詞表示數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算常見的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算有plus“加”，minus“減”，times“乘”，dividedby“除”，有時plus用and取代，minnus用from取代。表示數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算的句型中，謂語動詞常用make，equal或be，一般用-（e）s的形式。Nineplus（and）fivemakesfourteen.9加5等于14。Nineminusfive（Fivefromnine）isfour.9減5等于4。Eighttimesnineisseventy-two.8乘9等于72。Tendividedbytwoequalsfive.10除以2等于5。Presentation③關(guān)于分?jǐn)?shù)詞分?jǐn)?shù)詞由分子和分母兩部分構(gòu)成，英語中的分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；當(dāng)分子超過1時，分母的序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。百分?jǐn)?shù)用percent來表示。1/2onehalf1/4aquarter/onefourth2/3twothirds18%eighteenpercent83%eighty-threepercentPresentation④次數(shù)表達(dá)法英語中表示“次數(shù)”，除“第一次”和“第二次”用once和twice外，其余的用…times?！霸僖淮巍笨烧fonceagain/more或anothertime?！狧owmanytimeshaveyoubeentoBeijing?你到北京去過幾次？—Twice.兩次Ihaveseenherthreeorfourtimesbefore.以前我見過她三、四次。Spotlight1.Myfatherisinhisfifties.我爸爸五十多歲了。在表示“年代”和“年齡段”時，數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。Doyouknowanythinginthe1980s?你知道二十世紀(jì)八十年代的事情嗎？Alltheboyshereareintheirteens.這兒所有男孩子都是十多歲。Theoldmanisinhiseighties.老人八十多歲了。Spotlight2.TheChangjiangRiveristhethirdlongestriverintheworld.長江是世界上第三長的河流。形容詞最高級的前面可用序數(shù)詞來修飾。表示“第幾最……的”。Inourclas,TomistheoldestandMikeisthesecondoldest.在班上，湯姆年齡是最大的，邁克是第二大的。Thisisthethirdtallestbuildinginthecity.這是這個城市第三高的建筑物。Spotlight3.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttocometoschoolandthelasttoleave.我們的班長總是第一個到校，最后一個離開學(xué)校。表示“第幾個做某事的人”，英語中用結(jié)構(gòu)“the+序數(shù)詞+todosomething”。YangMingisthethirdtohandinthetestpapers.楊明第三個交卷。Ourheadteacherwasthelasttospeakatthemeeting.我們的班主任最后一個在會上發(fā)言。Spotlight4.基數(shù)詞的特殊用法在很多情況下，基數(shù)詞可替代序數(shù)詞用，常見的有表示日期、章節(jié)、頁碼、號碼等。這類用法的特點(diǎn)是：用“名詞+基數(shù)詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。Pagefifty（=thefiftiethpage）第五十頁Lessonseven（=theseventhlesson）第七課October2（=Octoberthe2rd）十月二日Nomberone（=thefirst）第一號Spotlight5.關(guān)于序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞的前面一般要用定冠詞the，表示“第幾”。有時序數(shù)詞的前面也可用不定冠詞a或an，表示在原有基礎(chǔ)上“再一次”或“又一次”，序數(shù)詞這種用法的差異只是基數(shù)的不同。first和last前面只能用the。Ourheadteacheristhefirsttospeakatthemeeting.我們的班主任第一個在會上發(fā)言。ThisisthefourthtimeIhavebeenhere.這是我第四次來這里。Whynottryaneighthtime?為何不再試一次？Hewantstomeetthemanagerathirdtime.他想再見經(jīng)理一次。Spotlight6.分?jǐn)?shù)詞的數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)詞和百分比可以表示整體中的部分，其數(shù)由后面的名詞決定。是不可數(shù)名詞時，為單數(shù)；是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，為復(fù)數(shù)wothirdsofthewaterhereispolluted.這里三分之二的水受到了污染。Onefourthofthecakeswereeatenbyme.四分之一的蛋糕是我吃的。Morethansixtypercentoftnestudentsintheclassareboys.班上百分之六十以上的學(xué)生是男孩。Onethirdofthetreesinthisareahavebeenplantedinthepastfewyears.這里三分之一的樹是過去幾年栽的。Practice1.It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnow__________largeaswhatitwas.（2013安徽）A.twiceasB.astwiceC.twicemuchD.muchtwice答案：A?？疾楸容^級倍數(shù)表達(dá)句型。句型為：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞、副詞原級+as+比較對象。2.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe________thepresentone.（2011陜西）A.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigasC.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas答案：B。考查倍數(shù)詞與as…as搭配的句式，只有B結(jié)構(gòu)正確。鏈接高考Practice根據(jù)下面數(shù)字或漢語寫出其英語讀法隨堂練習(xí)1.1/22.1/43.2/54.32%5.April26.3087.45，6888.9，000，0359.第5210.第10511.Room40912.Class68Practice答案1.ahalf/onesecond2.aquarter/onefourth3.twofifths4.thirty-twopercent5.Aprilthesecond6.threehundredandeight7.forty-fivethousandsixhundredandeighty-eight8.ninemillionandthirty-five9.fifty-second10.onehundredandfifth11.Roomfouronine12.Classsixty-eightPractice選擇正確選項(xiàng)填空1.In___________half,Tonywasthefirsttoscore.A.two B.twice C.second D.thesecond2.___________oftheclass___________fromcountryside.A.Twothird；isB.Thetwothird；isC.Twothirds；areD.Thetwothirds；are3.Thewriterwasbornin___________.A.1930sB.1930’sC.the1930sD.the1930s’Practice4.—Howmanystudentsarethereintheschool?—Therearethree___________.A.thousands