英語被動語態(tài)市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎課件

Passivevoice第1頁被動語態(tài)基本使用方法當句子主語是動作執(zhí)行者時，謂語形式是主動語態(tài)。當句子主語是動作承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞組成，時態(tài)經(jīng)過be表現(xiàn)出來。第2頁1.規(guī)則動詞過去分詞：1)普通情況在動詞原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不發(fā)音e結尾加-dpractice---practiced3)以輔音加y結尾，去y變i加-edstudy---studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不規(guī)則動詞過去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone第3頁Hisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day.主謂賓(受動者)Bowlsare

washedbyhis

brother

every

day.改為被動語態(tài)第4頁TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinChina.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadebyusinChina.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道這些被動句否定句和普通疑問句嗎？第5頁1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.普通現(xiàn)在時：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)第6頁Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主謂賓(受動者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.第7頁Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.第8頁2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.普通過去時：S+was/were+過去分詞第9頁Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.第10頁Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosontheplaygroundtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenontheplaygroundtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.第11頁3.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.普通未來時：S+will+be+過去分詞第12頁4．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Tina

．Tina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞第13頁1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.第14頁1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài)）第15頁3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told第16頁5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used第17頁7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished第18頁9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous第19頁10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.

wasasked

isdone第20頁12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemended

mustbe

taken第21頁14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?

is

studiedIs

talked

bythem第22頁以下時態(tài)被動語態(tài)組成

Wehavefinishedourcompositions.

看一看想一想第23頁We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時：

S+have/has+been+過去分詞第24頁總結：各種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)組成第25頁普通現(xiàn)在時：普通過去時：普通未來時：現(xiàn)在完成時：情態(tài)動詞：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done各種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)組成第26頁

時態(tài)

主動語態(tài)

被動語態(tài)普通現(xiàn)在時V.(原形)/V.(e)sam/is/are+V.pp普經(jīng)過去時V.-ed/madewas/were+V.pp普通未來時will+V.(原形)will+be+V.pp含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+V.(原形)情態(tài)動詞+be+V.pp第27頁主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣：賓語提前主語變，原主變賓by后見，時態(tài)人稱be關鍵。第28頁

何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？

一、行為主體不明確，無須說出或者無法說出動作執(zhí)行者時。比如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作執(zhí)行者時。比如：Mybikewasstolen．我自行車被盜了。第29頁三、漢語中含有“聽說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有些人說”、“大家說”等時。比如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測說……Itissupposedthat…第30頁四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時。比如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫來。五、一些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)。比如：HewasborninOctober，1989．

第31頁

主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)特殊情況:一、使役動詞和感官動詞在主動結構中，后面接不帶to不定式，但假如改成被動句，則需把省略to加上，這類動詞有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。

1)Iheard

himsinglastnight.

He

washeard

tosinglastnight.2)Wesaw

him

walkintothebuilding.He

wasseen

towalkintothebuilding.3)Thebossmade

them

work10hoursaday.

They

weremade

towork10hoursaday.

第32頁makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowatchsb.do

bemadetodobeseentodosb.beheardtodobelettodobewatchedtodo主動被動第33頁考點三含雙賓語主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)

1)Someonegavetheboy

anapple.

(間接賓語)

(直接賓語)

Anapple(物)wasgiven___theboy.

Theboy（人）

wasgivenanapple.

2)Hisfatherboughthimapresent.

Apresent

（物）wasbought____him.

He（人）

wasboughtapresent.

to

for第34頁givesb.sth.passsb.sth.sellsb.sth.makesb.sth.buysb.sth.

begiventosb.bepassedtosb.besoldtosb.Sthbemadeforsb.beboughtforsb.主動被動第35頁【考點四】lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeaktobelookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento不要遺漏介詞.Lilytookcareofthebaby.ThebabywastakencareofbyLily.主動被動小結：動詞短語在轉(zhuǎn)換成被動語態(tài)時，不能丟掉其中__________。介詞或副詞第36頁中考挑戰(zhàn)第37頁歷屆中考試題小試身手1—Whatanicegarden!--It____everyday.AiscleaningBhascleanedCmustcleanDiscleaned2Thecomputers_____tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.AaregivenBgivenCweregivenDgave3ItisreportedthattheUndergroundLineNo.3___inNanjingin.AwillbuildBhasbuiltCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt第38頁4.Theletteris___inFrench.Ican'treadit.AwritingBwrittenCwroteDwrites5.–When___thiskindofcomputer_____?-Lastyear.Adid,useBwas,usedCis,usedDare,used第39頁6.Thousandsoftreesoverthemountains_____bythefarmerslastyear.AplantedBwasplantedCwereplantedDwillplant第40頁7.Themedicine______inadryandcoolplace．AkeepBmustkeepCmustbekeptDmustbekeep8.Thisdictionarymustn't______fromthelibrary．AtakeawayBtakenawayCaretakenawayDbetakenaway9.Nooneknowshowthehugerocks____and____withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsago．Aarecut；movedBwerecut；moveCarecut；movingDwerecut；moved第41頁10.–Lookatthesignontheright.–Oh,parking___here.Adoesn’tallowBisn’tallowedCdidn’tallowDwasn’tallowed11.DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?–No,I_____.AamnotinvitedBwasn’tinvitedChaven’tinvitedDdidn’tinvited12.Thetelephone__byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.

AwasinventedBhasbeeninventedCisinventedDwillbeinvented13.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,___toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBischosenCwaschoosingDwaschosen第42頁14.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor___.AwaslockedBislockedCwillbelockedDshouldbelocked15.IwanttobeaChineseteacherwhenIgrowup.–That’s