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1B1BTheSevenWondersSelectedbytheAncientGreeksWhentheancientGreeksdecidedtoselectsevenwondersfromthemanyimpressivestructuresthathadbeenconstructedthroughouthistory,therewasalotofargumentaboutwhichstructurestoselect.Overtheyears,manydifferentlistswerecreated.Finally,alistwaspresentedthatmostGreeksagreedincludedthesevenmostwondrouswonders,eachauniqueachievement.2BTheSevenWondersWhentheanciVisittheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorldGreatPyramidatGiza

HangingGardensofBabylon

StatueofZeusatOlympia

TempleofArtemisatEphesus

MausoleumatHalicarnassus

ColossusofRhodes

LighthouseatAlexandria

3BVisittheSevenWondersoftheTheGreatPyramidatGiza4BTheGreatPyramidatGiza4BTheGreatPyramidofGizaisabout4,500yearsold,andistheonlyancientwonderstillstanding.TheGreatPyramidatGiza5BTheGreatPyramidofGizaisaUntiltheearly1800's,theGreatPyramidatGizawasthetallestbuildingintheworld!

TheGreatPyramidatGiza6BUntiltheearly1800's,theGrTheGreatPyramidatGizaTheGreatpyramidwasmadebyhand!Itisnearly800feetlong,450feethigh.Itwasbuiltwithovertwomillionofblocksofstone.Theaverageweightofeachstoneisabout2,500pounds-aroundthesameweightasacar!

7BTheGreatPyramidatGizaTheGThe

HangingGardensofBabylon8BThe

HangingGardensofBabylonTherewaslittleargumentthattheHangingGardensofBabylonwouldbeincludedasaworldwonder.Itwasonnearlyeveryone’slist.TheHangingGardensThethoughtofahugeandmagnificentgarden,towering300feetabovethedesertsands,appealedtotheGreekssenseoftheincredible.

9BTherewaslittleargumentthat

TheHangingGardensTheHangingGardensweresupposedlybuiltaround600BCE,alongthebanksoftheEuphratesRiverinBabylon.Constructedinsidethepalacewalls,thegardenswerebuiltinaseriesofplatforms,orterraces,thatcreatedastructure400feetlong,400feetwide,and380feethigh!

10BTheHangingGardensTheHangin

TheHangingGardensWanderingpathsandaseriesofstepsconnectedthevariouslevels.Thegardenswereawonderlandofgreenery,floweringplants,andwaterfalls.ThatalonewouldhavegreatlyimpressedtheancientGreeks.Butalovestorywasattachedtothegardensthatmadethemevenmoreinteresting.

11BTheHangingGardensWanderingItwasrumoredthatthekingKingNebuchadnezzar,orderedthegardensbuilttohonorhisqueen.TheHangingGardensThequeenwashomesickforherlandinthemountains.ThegardensweredesignedbythekingtomakehisqueenfeellovedandwelcomedinhernewlandofBabylon.12BItwasrumoredthatthekingKNooneknowsifthelovestorybehindtheHangingGardensofBabylonistrue,orifthegardenseverreallyexisted.TheHangingGardensButitwasagreatstory,andtheGreekslovedstories,especiallystoriesaboutwarandlove.13BNooneknowsifthelovestoryThe

Statue

ofZeus

atOlympia14BThe

Statue

ofZeus

atOlympia1TherewasabsolutelynoargumentabouttheStatueofZeus.Itwasaworldwonder–everyoneknewthat!TheStatueofZeusatOlympiaZeuswasthekingoftheancientGreekgods.OlympiawasthecitythathostedtheAncientGreekOlympicGames.Thestatuecouldhavebeenthesizeofapeanut,andstilltheAncientGreekswouldhaveselectedit.Butittrulywasamagnificentstructure.15BTherewasabsolutelynoargumeTheTempleofZeuswascompletedin456BCE.TheStatueofZeusatOlympiaLiketheParthenonandtheTempleofArtemis,Doriccolumnswereusedtosupportthestructure.

ItwasbuiltinOlympiatohonorZeusandtheGreekOlympicGames.16BTheTempleofZeuswascompletTheStatueofZeusatOlympiaToday,littleremainsofthetempleortheoncemagnificentStatueofZeuswithinit.ButthespiritoftheOlympicGamesliveson!17BTheStatueofZeusatOlympiaTTheTempleofArtemisatEphesus18BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemiswasfirstbuiltaround800BCEintheancientGreekcityofEphesus,onthecoastofwhatisnowmoderndayTurkey.TheTempleofArtemisatEphesusThetemplewasdestroyedandrebuiltseveraltimes.Eachtime,itwasrebuiltmoreimpressivelythanthetemplebeforeit.Thefirsttemplewasdestroyedaround550BCEinawar.Yearslater,thetemplewasburntdownbyamanwhowantedtoberememberedforever.(Thetowncreatedalawthatsaidanyonewhomentionedhisnamewouldbeputtodeathimmediately.)

19BTheTempleofArtemiswasfirsTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusThetemplewasunderconstruction(again)whensomeyearslaterAlexandertheGreatvisitedthetown.Alexanderhadseenmanybeautifulbuildingsinhistravels,butthistemplewassobeautifulthatitimpressedevenAlexandertheGreat!Thetowndidnotwanttodothat,buttheydidthankAlexanderverynicely.(YouwouldtooifyouwerefacingAlexander'sarmy!)Alexanderofferedtogivethetownenoughmoneytofinishingbuildingitifthetownspeoplewouldputhisnameonit.20BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusInAlexander’stime,theornatelydecoratedtemplewas425feetlong,225feetwide,and60feethigh.127columnssupportedtheroof.

Aconstantstreamofvisitorscametoseethetemple.Thetownspeoplebuiltshopsaroundthetemple.Someshopssoldlittlereplicasofthetemplefortouriststotakehome.ThecityofEphesusboomedforawhile.Butitdidnotlast.Thetemplewasdestroyed(again)around200CEbytheGoths.21BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusThistime,itwasnotrebuilt.Constructioncostshadincreasedconsiderably.Therewasnotenoughmoneyinthetowntreasurytorebuildthetempletoitsformermagnificence.

Theremainingpiecesslowlysunkinthemarshyfielduntiltheruindisappearedfromsightaltogether.

22BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusHundredsofyearslater,inthe1800's,theBritishMuseumsentateamtosearchforthefabledTempleofArtemis.Noonehadanyideawherethetempleusedtostand.Shortofdiggingupthewholetownandthesurroundingcountryside,thefirstteamfoundthemselvesratherstuck.

Anotherteam,sentoutafewyearslater,duguptheremainsof5temples,onebuiltontopoftheother.TheybelievedtheyhadfoundtheTempleofArtemis!

23BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusToday,allthatremainsofthisincrediblestructureisasinglecolumninthemiddleofamarshyfieldthatmarksthespotwheretheTempleoncestood.

24BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesThe

Mausoleum

atHalicarnassus25BThe

Mausoleum

atHalicarnassusKingMausoluswasarulerofasmallkingdominAsiaMinor.HewasmarriedtoArtemisia,wholovedhimdearly.TheMausoleumatHalicarnassusWhenthekingdied,hiswifedecidedtobuildherhusbandthemostmagnificenttombintheworld.26BKingMausoluswasarulerofaThetombwascalledtheMausoleumatHalicarnassus.TheMausoleumatHalicarnassusItwassosplendidthattheGreeksselectedthetombtobeoneofthesevenwondersoftheworld.

Today,thereisnothingleftoftheMausoleumatHalicarnassusexceptastoryaboutaqueenwholovedherhusbanddearly.27BThetombwascalledtheMausolThe

Colossus

of

Rhodes28BThe

Colossus

of

Rhodes28BRhodesisanislandintheMediterraneanSea.Once,itwaspartofancientGreece.TheColossusofRhodesAlexandertheGreatconqueredRhodes.WhenAlexanderdied,hisgeneralsfoughtforcontroloftheisland.Rhodeswasperfectlysituatedtobeacrossroadsoftrade.

29BRhodesisanislandintheMedThepeopleofRhodesdidsupportoneofthegenerals.ButthatgeneralwoncontrolofEgypt.AnothergeneralgainedcontrolofRhodes.Topunishthepeoplefornotsupportinghim,hesenthissontolevelRhodes.TheColossusofRhodesHelparrivedfromEgypt!ThegeneraltheyhadsupportedsenttroopsfromEgypttohelpthepeopleofRhodesdrivethesonaway.30BThepeopleofRhodesdidsuppoWithEgypt’shelp,thepeoplewon!Withjoy,theymelteddownthebronzearmorandwarmachineryleftbehindbytheson,andusedittobuildagiantstatueoftheirpatrongodHelios,tothankHeliosforhelpingthemsavetheircity.

TheColossusofRhodesThestatuewas110feethighandstoodona50footbase.Eachmorning,thesunglitteredoffthebronzeplatesthatcoveredthestatue.Itwasquiteasight!31BWithEgypt’shelp,thepeopleTheColossusofRhodesOnly56yearsafterthestatuewasbuilt,itwastoppledbyanearthquake.Manypiecesfellintotheharbor.Somepiecesremainedonland,includingthestatue’sthumb.Peopletraveledgreatdistancestoseethehugethumb.Theytriedtoputtheirarmsaroundit.Thethumbwasbiggerthantheirarmscouldstretch.

32BTheColossusofRhodesOnly56ThekingofEgyptofferedmoneytorebuildthestatue.ButthepeopleofRhodessaidno.TheybelievedtheirgodHelioswasunhappywiththestatue,andhadtosseditdowninafitofanger.Theyleftitalone.TheColossusofRhodesManyyearslater,around600CE,ArabtradersfinallyremovedtheremainsoftheColossustouseasscrapmetal.Legendsays...ittook900camelstoferrythepieceshome.

33BThekingofEgyptofferedmoneAlthoughtheColossusisnolongerinexistence,anotherfamousworkofart,inspiredbytheColossus,isstillstanding.

TheColossusofRhodesItiscalled

TheStatueofLiberty!34BAlthoughtheColossusisnoloThe

LighthouseatAlexandria35BThe

LighthouseatAlexandria35NearlyalltheGreeksagreedthattheLighthouseshouldbeincludedasoneofthewondersoftheworld.TheLighthouseatAlexandriaItwasbuiltaround290BCEontheIslandofPharosintheharborofAlexandria,Egypt.36BNearlyalltheGreeksagreedtTheLighthouseatAlexandriaItwasaworkinglighthousethathelpedshipsfindtheirwaysafelyintoharbor.Itwasalsoatouristattraction.37BTheLighthouseatAlexandriaItInancienttimes,visitorscouldbuyfoodattheobservationplatformonthefirstlevel.TheLighthouseatAlexandria

Anyonewhowishedtodocouldclimbnearlytothetop.Therewerenotmanyplacesintheancientworldthatvisitorscouldclimbaman-madestructure,300feetup,toviewthesea.

38BInancienttimes,visitorscouTheLighthouseatAlexandriaTheLighthouseatAlexandriastoodforover1500years.

ScientistsbelieveanearthquaketoppedtheLighthouseduringthe12thcenturyCE,about250yearsbeforeColumbusdiscoveredAmerica!39BTheLighthouseatAlexandriaTh40B1BTheSevenWondersSelectedbytheAncientGreeksWhentheancientGreeksdecidedtoselectsevenwondersfromthemanyimpressivestructuresthathadbeenconstructedthroughouthistory,therewasalotofargumentaboutwhichstructurestoselect.Overtheyears,manydifferentlistswerecreated.Finally,alistwaspresentedthatmostGreeksagreedincludedthesevenmostwondrouswonders,eachauniqueachievement.41BTheSevenWondersWhentheanciVisittheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorldGreatPyramidatGiza

HangingGardensofBabylon

StatueofZeusatOlympia

TempleofArtemisatEphesus

MausoleumatHalicarnassus

ColossusofRhodes

LighthouseatAlexandria

42BVisittheSevenWondersoftheTheGreatPyramidatGiza43BTheGreatPyramidatGiza4BTheGreatPyramidofGizaisabout4,500yearsold,andistheonlyancientwonderstillstanding.TheGreatPyramidatGiza44BTheGreatPyramidofGizaisaUntiltheearly1800's,theGreatPyramidatGizawasthetallestbuildingintheworld!

TheGreatPyramidatGiza45BUntiltheearly1800's,theGrTheGreatPyramidatGizaTheGreatpyramidwasmadebyhand!Itisnearly800feetlong,450feethigh.Itwasbuiltwithovertwomillionofblocksofstone.Theaverageweightofeachstoneisabout2,500pounds-aroundthesameweightasacar!

46BTheGreatPyramidatGizaTheGThe

HangingGardensofBabylon47BThe

HangingGardensofBabylonTherewaslittleargumentthattheHangingGardensofBabylonwouldbeincludedasaworldwonder.Itwasonnearlyeveryone’slist.TheHangingGardensThethoughtofahugeandmagnificentgarden,towering300feetabovethedesertsands,appealedtotheGreekssenseoftheincredible.

48BTherewaslittleargumentthat

TheHangingGardensTheHangingGardensweresupposedlybuiltaround600BCE,alongthebanksoftheEuphratesRiverinBabylon.Constructedinsidethepalacewalls,thegardenswerebuiltinaseriesofplatforms,orterraces,thatcreatedastructure400feetlong,400feetwide,and380feethigh!

49BTheHangingGardensTheHangin

TheHangingGardensWanderingpathsandaseriesofstepsconnectedthevariouslevels.Thegardenswereawonderlandofgreenery,floweringplants,andwaterfalls.ThatalonewouldhavegreatlyimpressedtheancientGreeks.Butalovestorywasattachedtothegardensthatmadethemevenmoreinteresting.

50BTheHangingGardensWanderingItwasrumoredthatthekingKingNebuchadnezzar,orderedthegardensbuilttohonorhisqueen.TheHangingGardensThequeenwashomesickforherlandinthemountains.ThegardensweredesignedbythekingtomakehisqueenfeellovedandwelcomedinhernewlandofBabylon.51BItwasrumoredthatthekingKNooneknowsifthelovestorybehindtheHangingGardensofBabylonistrue,orifthegardenseverreallyexisted.TheHangingGardensButitwasagreatstory,andtheGreekslovedstories,especiallystoriesaboutwarandlove.52BNooneknowsifthelovestoryThe

Statue

ofZeus

atOlympia53BThe

Statue

ofZeus

atOlympia1TherewasabsolutelynoargumentabouttheStatueofZeus.Itwasaworldwonder–everyoneknewthat!TheStatueofZeusatOlympiaZeuswasthekingoftheancientGreekgods.OlympiawasthecitythathostedtheAncientGreekOlympicGames.Thestatuecouldhavebeenthesizeofapeanut,andstilltheAncientGreekswouldhaveselectedit.Butittrulywasamagnificentstructure.54BTherewasabsolutelynoargumeTheTempleofZeuswascompletedin456BCE.TheStatueofZeusatOlympiaLiketheParthenonandtheTempleofArtemis,Doriccolumnswereusedtosupportthestructure.

ItwasbuiltinOlympiatohonorZeusandtheGreekOlympicGames.55BTheTempleofZeuswascompletTheStatueofZeusatOlympiaToday,littleremainsofthetempleortheoncemagnificentStatueofZeuswithinit.ButthespiritoftheOlympicGamesliveson!56BTheStatueofZeusatOlympiaTTheTempleofArtemisatEphesus57BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemiswasfirstbuiltaround800BCEintheancientGreekcityofEphesus,onthecoastofwhatisnowmoderndayTurkey.TheTempleofArtemisatEphesusThetemplewasdestroyedandrebuiltseveraltimes.Eachtime,itwasrebuiltmoreimpressivelythanthetemplebeforeit.Thefirsttemplewasdestroyedaround550BCEinawar.Yearslater,thetemplewasburntdownbyamanwhowantedtoberememberedforever.(Thetowncreatedalawthatsaidanyonewhomentionedhisnamewouldbeputtodeathimmediately.)

58BTheTempleofArtemiswasfirsTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusThetemplewasunderconstruction(again)whensomeyearslaterAlexandertheGreatvisitedthetown.Alexanderhadseenmanybeautifulbuildingsinhistravels,butthistemplewassobeautifulthatitimpressedevenAlexandertheGreat!Thetowndidnotwanttodothat,buttheydidthankAlexanderverynicely.(YouwouldtooifyouwerefacingAlexander'sarmy!)Alexanderofferedtogivethetownenoughmoneytofinishingbuildingitifthetownspeoplewouldputhisnameonit.59BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusInAlexander’stime,theornatelydecoratedtemplewas425feetlong,225feetwide,and60feethigh.127columnssupportedtheroof.

Aconstantstreamofvisitorscametoseethetemple.Thetownspeoplebuiltshopsaroundthetemple.Someshopssoldlittlereplicasofthetemplefortouriststotakehome.ThecityofEphesusboomedforawhile.Butitdidnotlast.Thetemplewasdestroyed(again)around200CEbytheGoths.60BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusThistime,itwasnotrebuilt.Constructioncostshadincreasedconsiderably.Therewasnotenoughmoneyinthetowntreasurytorebuildthetempletoitsformermagnificence.

Theremainingpiecesslowlysunkinthemarshyfielduntiltheruindisappearedfromsightaltogether.

61BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusHundredsofyearslater,inthe1800's,theBritishMuseumsentateamtosearchforthefabledTempleofArtemis.Noonehadanyideawherethetempleusedtostand.Shortofdiggingupthewholetownandthesurroundingcountryside,thefirstteamfoundthemselvesratherstuck.

Anotherteam,sentoutafewyearslater,duguptheremainsof5temples,onebuiltontopoftheother.TheybelievedtheyhadfoundtheTempleofArtemis!

62BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesTheTempleofArtemisatEphesusToday,allthatremainsofthisincrediblestructureisasinglecolumninthemiddleofamarshyfieldthatmarksthespotwheretheTempleoncestood.

63BTheTempleofArtemisatEphesThe

Mausoleum

atHalicarnassus64BThe

Mausoleum

atHalicarnassusKingMausoluswasarulerofasmallkingdominAsiaMinor.HewasmarriedtoArtemisia,wholovedhimdearly.TheMausoleumatHalicarnassusWhenthekingdied,hiswifedecidedtobuildherhusbandthemostmagnificenttombintheworld.65BKingMausoluswasarulerofaThetombwascalledtheMausoleumatHalicarnassus.TheMausoleumatHalicarnassusItwassosplendidthattheGreeksselectedthetombtobeoneofthesevenwondersoftheworld.

Today,thereisnothingleftoftheMausoleumatHalicarnassusexceptastoryaboutaqueenwholovedherhusbanddearly.66BThetombwascalledtheMausolThe

Colossus

of

Rhodes67BThe

Colossus

of

Rhodes28BRhodesisanislandintheMediterraneanSea.Once,itwaspartofancientGreece.TheColossusofRhodesAlexandertheGreatconqueredRhodes.WhenAlexanderdied,hisgeneralsfoughtforcontroloftheisland.Rhodeswasperfectlysituatedtobeacrossroadsoftrade.

68BRhodesisanislandintheMedThepeopleofRhodesdidsupportoneofthegenerals.ButthatgeneralwoncontrolofEgypt.AnothergeneralgainedcontrolofRhodes.Topunishthepeoplefornotsupportinghim,hesenthissontolevelRhodes.TheColossusofRhodesHelparrivedfromEgypt!ThegeneraltheyhadsupportedsenttroopsfromEgypttohelpthepeopleofRhodesdrivethesonaway.69BThepeopleofRhodesdidsuppoWithEgypt’shelp,thepeoplewon!Withjoy,theymelteddownthebronzearmorandwarmachineryleftbehindbytheson,andusedittobuildagiantstatueoftheirpatrongodHelios,tothankHeliosforhelpingthemsavetheircity.

TheColossusofRhodesThestatuewas110feethighandstoodona50footbase.Eachmorning,thesunglitteredoffthebronzeplatesthatcoveredthestatue.Itwasquiteasight!70BWithE

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