1986-1998考研英語(yǔ)全部真題及答案精析匯總

1986T998考研英語(yǔ)全部真題及答案精析匯總1986年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題SectionI:StructureandVocabularyIneachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(15points)EXAMPLE:Iwascaughttherainyesterday.[A]in[BlbywithatANSWER:[A]Nodoctorscouldcurethepatienthisstrangedisease.withoffrom[DJoffHewashiswits'endwhattodo.inonatofPriorhisdeparture,headdressedalettertohisdaughter.to[B]ofinfromThedrivinginstructortoldmetopullatthepostoffice.upback[CJround[DJalongWhenthere'sadoubt,thechairman'sdecisionis.rightdefinite[CJfixedfinalWecanrelyonWilliamtocarryoutthismission,forhisjudgmentisalways[AJunquestionablesoundsubtlehealthyThenoiseoftheplanediedinthedistance.[A]away[BJout[CJdown[DIoffHospitaldoctorsdon'tgooutveryoftenastheirworkalltheirtime.[AJtakesawaytakesin[CJtakesover[DJtakesupAttendancesatfootballmatcheshavesincethecomingoftelevision.[AJdroppedin[BJdroppeddown[CJdroppedoff[DJdroppedoutAfterthedeathoftheirparents,thesistersgotwellandneverquarreled.[A]awayFB]in[CJalong[D]outTheyalwaysgivethevacantseatstocomesfirst.[AJwhowhom[CJwhoever[DJwhomeverAdvertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunicationtheadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.[AJinthat[BJinwhich[C]inorderthat[DJinthewayHeisofanactor.[AJanybody[BJanyone[CJsomebody[DJsomethingThecaptainapologizedtotellusmoreabouttheaccident.[AJfortobeunable[BJthathewasunable[CJtobeunable[DJforbeingunableisnoreasonfordischargingher.[AJBecauseshewasafewminuteslate[BJOwingtoafewminutesbeinglate[CJThefactthatshewasafewminuteslate[DJBeingafewminuteslateSectionII:CloseTestForeachnumberedblankinthefallowingpassage,therearefourchoiceslabeled[AJ,[B],[C]and[D].Choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthewholepassagebeforemakingyourchoices.(10points)OnWednesdayafternoonsAnnietookthebusintotowntoshopinthemarket.Foranhouror16shewouldwalkupanddownbetweenthestallslookingateverything,buyinghereandthere,and17asharplookoutforthebargainsthatweresometimestobehad.Andthen,withallthethingssheneeded18shewouldleavethemarketforthestreetsofthetowntospendanotherhour19shelikedbest:lookinginfurnitureshopwindows.OneWednesdayshefoundanewshopfullofthemostdelightfulthings,withanoticeinvitinganyonetowalkinandlook20withoutfeelingtheyhadtobuysomething.Anniehesitatedforamomentbeforesteppingthroughthedoorwaywhere,almostatonce,shestopped21beforeagreenarmchair.Therewasacardonthechairwhichsaid:"Thisfinechairisyours_22_lessthanapoundaweek,“andverysmallatthebottom,“Cashpriceeighty-ninepoundsfifty."Apoundaweek...23.shecouldalmostpaythatoutofherhousekeepingmoneyandnevermissit!Avoiceathershouldermadeher24."CanIhelpyou,Madam?"Shelookedroundattheassistantwhohadcomesoftlytoher25."Oh,well,no,"shesaid."Iwasjustlooking.""We\echairsofallkindsintheshowroom.IfyouUljustcomeup,youwillfindsomethingtosuityou."Annie,worriedatthethoughtofbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingshedidn'tneed,lefttheshophurriedly.[A]somore[CJelse[D]another[A]takingmakingfixingkeeping[Albuyboughtbuying[DItohavebought[A]inawaybythewayintheway[DJontheway[Albehind[BJround[CJback[D]on[AJdoubtedwonderedpuzzleddelighted[A]atforwithin[A]WhyWhenHow[DIWhat[A]jumpleap[C]laugh[DIwonder[AJplace[BJback[CJside[DJfrontSectionIII:ReadingComprehensionEachofthetwopassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)Text1Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.Wecancallthesepeople“generalists."Andthese"generalists"areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeotherpeople'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa"trained"man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan"educated"man;andthehumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou—butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.[AJallroundpeopleintheirownfields[Blpeoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople'sworkgeneralistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessionalspecialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothersThespecialistis.amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeopleamanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields[ClamanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetreesamanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmattersTheadministratoris.a"trained''manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralistamanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforestamanwhoisverystronginthehumanitiesamanwhoisan"educated''specialistDuringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant.totrytobeageneralisttochooseaprofitablejob[CJtofindanorganizationwhichfitsyoutodecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralistAman'sfirstjob.[AJisnevertherightjobforhim[B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob[Clshouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob[D]isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljobTest2AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.Manhasexplored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld—theAtlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarcticisfarmorerefrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobeareinhabited.Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaska,Siberia,andScandinavia—aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfromahandfulofweatherstations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe.IcelandLandofOpportunityTheUnknownContinentUtopiaatLastAtthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas.[Alverylimitedvast[CJfairlyrich[D]nonexistentAntarcticaisborderedbythe.PacificOceanIndianOcean[ClAtlanticOceanAllthreeTheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby.coldaircalmseasice[DJlackofknowledgeaboutthecontinentAccordingtothisarticle.2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinentamillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPoleweatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpracticalonlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarcticaSectionIV:StructureandVocabularyFillintheblankswiththewordswhichbestcompletethesentences.Putyourchoicesinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)EXAMPLE:Itwasthelargestexperimentwehaveeverhad;itsixhouses.[A]endedfinishedwaslastedANSWER:[D]Musicoftenusofeventsinthepast.[Alremembersmemorizes[Clreminds[D]reflectsIfItakethismedicinetwiceadayitshouldmycold.heatcure[CltreatrecoverIcouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn'twhatcolouritwas.[Almakeoutlookto[Cllookout[DJtakeinIcouldtellhewassurprisedfromtheonhisface.[AJappearance[BJshock[Cllook[D]sightThetoyboatturnedoverandsanktotheofthepool.[AJbase[Bldepth[CJground[DIbottomMarynevertellsanyonewhatshedoesfora.[AJjob[Blwork[CJprofession[DJlivingThatboyissuchagoodviolinisthewillprobablymakequiteaforhimself.[AJstar[BJcreditnamecharacterOldphotographsgiveoneabriefofthepast.glanceglimpsesight[D]lookThenovelistisahighlyperson.imaginableimaginativeimaginaryimaginedAlthoughthepayisnotgood,peopleusuallyfindsocialworkinotherways.[A]payable[BJrespectful[Clgrateful[D]rewardingSectionV:Error-detectionandCorrectionEachquestionconsistsofasentencewithfourunderlinedparts(wordsorphrases).Thesepartsarelabeled[A],[B],[C]fand[D],Choosethepartofthesentencethatisincorrectandputyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.Then,withoutalteringthemeaningofthesentence,writedownthecorrectwordorphraseonthelinefollowingthebrackets.(10points)EXAMPLE:You'vetohurryupifyouwanttobuysomethingbecause[A]there's[B]hardlysomething[C]left.[D]ANSWER:[ClanythingTheprofessortoldtheeconomics[AJstudentthathedidn'tapprove[B]in[CJhistakingtheadvancedcoursebefore[DJhemadeapassingmarkinEconomics1.Althoughagreatnumberofhousesinthatareaarestill[Alinneedofrepair,[Bltherehavebeen[C]improvementinthefacilities.[DIMr.Gilmoreisoneofthosemenwhoappears[AJtobefriendly[BJhowever,itisveryhardtodeal[CJwithhim.[DJTounderstandthesituationcompletely[AJrequires[B]morethoughtthanhasgiven[C]thusfar.[DJ[A]greatmany[A]educatorsfirmly[B]believethatEnglishisoneofthepoorest[C]taughtsubjectsinhighschoolstoday.[D]Ofallhisoutdoor[A]activities.Paullikesfishingbestofall,[B]buthedoesn'tenjoycleaning[CJfishingrodsafterwards.[D]Ishould[A]nothaverecognizedthe[B]maneven[C]youhadtold[D]mehisname.Inanhour's[AJtimeIhaddonetheworkwith[BJmysatisfaction;Igotmyhatin[CJhallandslippedoutunnoticed.[DJThenewhotelhaserected[A]abeautifulbuildingwith[BJrecreationareasandconferencefacilitiesonthetopfloorinwhich[C]thefinestviewofthecitycanbeobtained.[D]Whilein[AJEurope,thetouristsenjoyedto[BJtheirheart's[CJcontenttheweather,thefoodandgoingtothetheatre.[DJSectionVI:VerbFormsFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofverbsgiveninbrackets.(10points)EXAMPLE:Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresident(appointed)forthiscollege.ANSWER:(should)beappointedTheenemyretreatedtothewoodsafterthey(defeat).I(speak)tohimforsometimebeforeIrealizedwhohewas.Oneshouldneverloseone'sheartwhen(confront)withtemporarydifficulties.Thehousesuddenlycollapsedwhileit(pull)down.On(give)anassignmenttomakeabusinesstourabroad,hegladlyacceptedit.(Get)everythingready,theygotdowntomapoutaplanfortheconstructionofanewexpressway.AfterPetergrewabeard,evenhisclosefriends(notrecognize)himatfirstsight.Darkness(set)in,theyoungpeoplelingeredonmerrymaking.Thestudentswereto(assemble)attheauditoriumbefore1:30p.m.,butthelecturewascanceledatthelastminute.Emphasisislaidonthenecessitythatalltheobjectivestobeattained(take)intoaccountbeforestartinganewproject.Chinese-EnglishTranslationTranslatethefallowingsentencesintoEnglish.(15points).去年的好收成是由于農(nóng)場(chǎng)管理的改進(jìn)和有利的氣體條件。.他在科研上取得的成就要比預(yù)期的大。.我們現(xiàn)在必須做的是把情況作一番仔細(xì)的調(diào)查。.很難說(shuō)哪個(gè)方案更為切實(shí)可行。.昨晩如果他來(lái)了,問(wèn)題也許已得到解決。English-ChineseTranslationTranslatethefallowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlinedsentencesaretobetranslated.(20points)Itwouldbeinterestingtodiscoverhowmanyyoungpeoplegotouniversitywithoutanyclearideaofwhattheyaregoingtodoafterwards.(71)Ifoneconsiderstheenormousvarietyofcoursesoffered,itisnothardtoseehowdifficultitisforastudenttoselectthecoursemostsuitedtohisinterestsandabilities.(72)Ifastudentgoestouniversitytoacquireabroaderperspectiveoflife,toenlargehisideasandtolearntothinkforhimself,hewillundoubtedlybenefit.(73)Schoolsoftenhavetoorestrictinganatmosphere,withitstimetablesanddisciplines,toallowhimmuchtimeforindependentassessmentoftheworkheisaskedtodo.(74)Moststudentswould,1believe,profitbyayearofsuchexplorationofdifferentacademicstudies,especiallythose“allrounders"withnoparticularinterest.Theyshouldhavelongertimetodecideinwhatsubjecttheywanttotaketheirdegrees,sothatinlaterlife,theydonotlookbackandsay,“Ishouldliketohavebeenanarchaeologist.IfIhadn'ttakenadegreeinModernLanguages,Ishouldn'thaveendedupasaninterpreter,butit'stoolatenow.Icouldn'tgobackandbeginalloveragain."Thereis,ofcourse,anothersidetothequestionofhowtomakethebestuseofone'stimeatuniversity.(76)Thisisthecaseofthestudentwhoexcelsinaparticularbranchotlearning.(77)HeisimmediatelyacceptedbytheUniversityofhischoice,andspendshisthreeorfouryearsbecomingaspecialist,emergingwithafirst-classHonourDegreeandverylittleknowledgeofwhattherestoftheworldisall

about.(78)Itthereforebecomesmoreandmoreimportantthat,ifstudentsarenottnwastetheiropportunities,therewillhavetobemuchmoredetailedinformationaboutcoursesandmoreadvice.Onlyinthiswaycanwebesurethatwearenottohave,ontheonehand,abandofspecialistsignorantofanythingoutsideoftheirownsubject,andontheotherhand,aneverincreasingnumberofgraduatesqualifiedinsubjectsforwhichthereislittleornodemandintheworkingworld.1986年參考答案SectionI:StructureandVocabulary(15points)1.[BJ2.[CJ3.[A]4.[A]5.[DJ6.[B]7.[A]8.[D]9.[C]10.[C]H.[C]12.[A]13.[D]14.ID]15.[C]SectionII:Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)16.[AJ17.[D]18.[B]19.[C]20.[B]21.[D]22.[B]23.[A]24.[A]25.[C]SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(10points)26.[B]27.[D]28.[C]29.fD]30.[B]31.[C]32.[A]33.\D]34.[A]35.[C]SectionIV:StructureandVocabulary(10points)36.[C]37.[B]38.[A]39.[C]40.[D]41.[D]42.fC]43.[B]44.[B]45.[D]SectionV:Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)46.[CJapproveof47.[CJhasbeen48.[A]appear49.[C]hasbeengiven50.[C]mostpoorly51.[B](the)best,(the)most52.[CJevenif,eventhough53.[B]to54.[C]where,fromwhich,onwhich55.[D]thetheatreSectionVI:VerbForms(10points)56.weredefeated/hadbeendefeated57.hadbeenspeaking58.confronted59.wasbeingpulled60.beinggiven61.Havinggot62.could/didnotrecognize,werenotabletorecognize63.setting64.haveassembled/assemble65.(should)betakenSectionVII:Chinese-EnglishTranslation(15points)Thegoodcroplastyearwasduetotheimprovementoffarmmanagementandfavorableweathercondition.Thesuccesshehasachievedinscientificresearchisgreaterthanexpected.Whatwemustdonowistomakeacarefulinvestigationofthesituation.It'shardtosaywhichplanismorepracticable.Ifhehadcomeyesterdayevening,thequestionmighthavebeensolved.SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation(20points).如果想一想那些為學(xué)生設(shè)置的門類繁多的課程,我們就不難發(fā)現(xiàn),對(duì)ー個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),要選一門符合他的興趣和能力的課程是多么困難。.如果一個(gè)學(xué)生進(jìn)大學(xué)是為了想獲得一個(gè)對(duì)生活前景更廣泛的認(rèn)識(shí),為了擴(kuò)大思想境界和學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立思考,那么毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),進(jìn)大學(xué)對(duì)他是有好處的。.學(xué)校由于受課程表和紀(jì)律的約束,氣氛往往令人感到過(guò)于拘束,使學(xué)生沒(méi)有充分時(shí)間對(duì)規(guī)定要他做的事情有獨(dú)立的見(jiàn)解。.我認(rèn)為大多數(shù)學(xué)生,尤其是那些沒(méi)有偏重某ー門課程的“全面發(fā)展的學(xué)生”，經(jīng)過(guò)一年左右的時(shí)間對(duì)各門不同學(xué)科的鉆研,將會(huì)從中獲益。.當(dāng)然,關(guān)于ー個(gè)人如何最充分地利用上大學(xué)的時(shí)間，還有另外一個(gè)方面。.某一學(xué)科中出類拔萃的學(xué)生就屬于這種情況。.他ー畢業(yè)馬上就被一所他自己選中的大學(xué)所接受，再花三、四年時(shí)間,以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)?nèi)〉脴s譽(yù)學(xué)位,成為一名專家,但對(duì)外界的一切卻幾乎ー無(wú)所知。.因此,如果要學(xué)生好好利用他們上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì),就應(yīng)該為他們提供大量關(guān)于課程方面更為詳盡的信息和更多的指點(diǎn)。這個(gè)問(wèn)題顯得越來(lái)越重要了。1987年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題SectionI:StructureandVocabularyIneachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)EXAMPLE:Iwascaughttherainyesterday.[AJin[BJby[C]with[DJatANSWER:[A]Theskyscraperstandsoutthebluesky.[Alin[Blagainst[CJunderfD]beneathTheyhavealwaysbeenongoodwiththeirnext-doorneighbors.[Alfriendship[BJrelations[C]connection[DJtermsHello!Isthat21035?Pleaseputmetothemanager.[AJacross[B]up[CJthrough[DJoverWhydoyoulookso?Youneversmileorlookcheerful.[AJmiserable[BJunfortunate[CJsorry[D]rudeEggs,thoughnourishing,haveoffatcontent.[AJlargenumber[BJalargenumber[C]thehighamount[DJahighamountJimalwayshisclassmatesinadebate.[AJbacksout[BJbacksaway[CJbacksup[D]backsdownMostofthepeoplewhotwoworldwarsarestronglyagainstarmsrace.havelivedouthavelivedthroughhavelivedon[DJhavelivedoffTherearemanyinconveniencesthathavetobewhenyouarecamping.putupputupwith[CJputoff[DJputawayIsittruethatthoseoldhousesarebeingpulleddownnewofficeblocks?[AJtoaccommodate[BJtoprovidefor[CJtoincrease[D]tomakeroomforBeinginnogreathurry,.[AJwewentthelongroutewithscenery[BJthelong,scenicroutewasourpreference[CJwetookthelongscenicroute[DJourpreferencewastakingthelong,scenicrouteSectionII:ReadingComprehensionEachofthreepassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers,readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestion.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Text1Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythatspunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,calleda“Helix,“whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectationswerenotfulfilled.Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsandstrategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,manymetropolitanareasusetheminpolicework,constructionandloggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreandremoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-toplaceisalikelytaskforahelicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistinrescuework,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.Peopleexpectthat.[Altheairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicoptershelicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenowdoing[CltheimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer'sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthefuture[DJtheirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftodayHelicoptersworkwiththeaidof.[AJacombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop[BlarotatingdevicetopsideonerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachendarotatingfanunderneathforliftingWhatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?[AjHelicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.Chinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.Helicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearlyairplanes.Somepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverageindividuals.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?Theyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.Theyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.Theyareusedforrescuework.Theyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutelyessential?[AlForoverseaspassengertransportation.Forextremelyhighaltitudeflights.[ClForhigh-speedtransportation.[DJForurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.Text2InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.NooneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsuncertain,buteventsincludedboy'sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGamesweresu