考研考博-英語-山東化工職業(yè)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東化工職業(yè)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

TheChinese,whobegansystematicastronomicalandweatherobservationshortlyaftertheancientEgyptians,wereassiduousrecord-keepersandbecauseofthiscanclaimhumanity'slongestcontinuous（

）ofnaturalevents.

問題1選項

A.defiance

B.documentation

C.maintenance

D.domination

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。A選項的defiance“挑戰(zhàn)，挑釁，蔑視”；B選項的documentation“文件”；C選項的maintenance“維持，維修，保養(yǎng)”；D選項的domination“支配，統(tǒng)治”。根據(jù)句意‘中國人繼古埃及人之后旋即展開了有系統(tǒng)的天文與氣候觀察，可謂是勤勉不輟的文獻記錄者，基于這一原因，中國人可聲稱擁有人類歷史上對自然事件最漫長悠久、持之以恒的文獻記載’確定B選項正確。

2.單選題

Afterleavingcollege,theyoungman____onanewbusinesscareer.

問題1選項

A.induced

B.facilitated

C.ignited

D.embarked

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.induced引誘B.facilitated促進

C.ignited點燃；激起D.embarked開始（新的或艱難的事情）

【答案】D

【考查點】介詞搭配與語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填動詞搭配介詞on使用，空格處前后語義為“離開大學后，這個年輕人____了新的商業(yè)生涯”。D選項embarked“開始（新的或艱難的事情）”符合原句介詞搭配與語義銜接，embarkon“開始（新的或艱難的事情）”。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項不與介詞on搭配使用，且不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】離開大學后，這個年輕人開始了新的商業(yè)生涯。

3.單選題

（

）theenormousflowoffoodfromtheentireglobe,thesecountrieshaveformanyyearsnotfeltanypopulationpressure.

問題1選項

A.Thanksto

B.Bymeansof

C.Inlinewith

D.Withregardto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項thanksto表示“多虧；幸虧”；B項bymeansof表示“憑借，通過”；C項inlinewith表示“與……一致”；D項withregardto表示“關于，至于”。句意：多虧了全球食物的大流動，這些國家已經(jīng)很多年沒有感受過任何人口的壓力。故本題正確答案為A項。

4.單選題

Theengineershaveusedspecialmethodsto（

）thebridgeagainstdangerfromhighwinds.

問題1選項

A.suppress

B.lubricate

C.heave

D.ensure

【答案】D

【解析】Suppress抑制,鎮(zhèn)壓；lubricate潤滑；heave舉起,投擲；ensure確保。句意:工程師們使用特殊的方法來確保這座橋不受狂風的危害。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Aheadlinethatisgraphicallysalientinsomewayhasagreaterchanceofcapturingoureye.

問題1選項

A.attractive

B.bright

C.special

D.entertaining

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。salient在句中是“突出的，顯著的”，A選項attractive“具有吸引力的”；B選項bright“鮮明的，愉快的”；C選項special“特別的，突出的”；D選項entertaining“令人愉快的”。句意：一個標題，在一定程度上突出形象，便更加能吸引我們的眼球。根據(jù)句意C項正確。

6.單選題

MollyBrownwaslabeled“unsinkable”aftershehelpedtoevacuatepassengersfromtheill-fatedshiptheTitanic.

問題1選項

A.anticipate

B.comfort

C.remove

D.shelter

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項anticipate“預料，預期，預見”，B項comfort“安慰，使（痛苦等）緩和”，C項remove“移開，拿開，轉移”，D項shelter“保護，使掩蔽”。句意：莫莉布朗在幫助疏散泰坦尼克號上的乘客后被貼上了“永不沉沒”的標簽。根據(jù)句意可知，evacuate在句中表示“疏散”，四個選項中意思與之相近的是C項。因此，該題選擇C項。

7.單選題

Listeningisasimportantastalking.Ifyouareagoodlistener,peopleoften____youforbeingagoodconversationist.

問題1選項

A.complement

B.compliment

C.compel

D.complain

【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文語義與形近詞辨析。A選項complement“補足，補助”；B選項compliment“恭維；稱贊”；C選項compel“強迫，迫使”；D選項complain“抱怨；控訴”。句意：聽和說同樣重要。如果你善于聆聽，人們通常也會____你善于交談。根據(jù)第一句“聽和說同樣重要”推斷，會聽的人也會說，B選項compliment“恭維；稱贊”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

8.單選題

ThePsychologyofWarrantiesProtectionRacket

Ifextendedguaranteesareoverpriced,whyaretheysopopular?

CUSTOMERStendtoagoniseovertherelativemeritsofdifferentmodelsofelectronicgoodssuchasdigitalcamerasorplasmatelevisions.Butwhentheygettothetill,manyspendfreelyonsomethingtheybarelythinkaboutatall:anextendedwarranty,whichisoftenmoreprofitabletotheretailerthanthedeviceitcovers.

Shopperstypicallypay10%-50%ofthecostofaproducttoinsureitbeyondthetermcoveredbythemanufacturer’sguarantee.（1）Yetproductsrarelybreakwithintheperiodcovered,andrepairstendtocostnomorethanthewarrantyitself.（2）

Sowhy,asksapaperpublishedintheDecemberissueoftheJournalofConsumerResearch,somanyconsumersstillbuyextendedwarranties?Theauthors—TaoChenoftheUniversityofMaryland,AjayKalraofRiceUniversityandBaohongSunofCarnegieMellonUniversity—examinedpurchasedatafromabigelectronicsretailerforover600householdsfromNovember2003toOctober2004.

（3

）Ifacustomerisabouttobuysomethingfun(i.e.,aplasmatelevisionratherthanavacuumcleaner),hewillbemoreinclinedtosplashoutonextrainsurance.Thisisbecauseconsumersvalue“hedonic”itemsoverutilitarianones,regardlessoftheactualpricetag.（4

）Thestudyalsofoundthatpoorerconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“potentiallyunnecessaryandoverpricedinsurance”,becausetheyaremoreworriedabouttheexpenseofreplacingaproductifitbreaks.

（5）Butalthoughmostpoliciesgounused,headmitsthattheemotionaltranquilitythatcomeswithbuyinganewwarrantyisnotinitselfwithoutvalue,evenif“rationally,itdoesn’tmakesense”.

問題1選項

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問題2選項

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問題3選項

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問題4選項

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問題5選項

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:G

第3題:E

第4題:A

第5題:F

【解析】1.根據(jù)上下文，空格前提到人們通常會支付一部分錢來延長保險期使其超過制造商的保修期，空格后提到維修費用不會超過保證書承諾的額度，選項B中theterm和上文形成照應，對上文提到的制造商擔保的保修期進行了進一步解釋。句意：保險協(xié)議的條款各不相同（通常有很多細則），但他們通常承諾在一到四年里可以修復或更換有故障的設備，選項B符合題意。

2.根據(jù)上下文，空格處是第三段的最后一句，選項G是上文所描述的情況的結果，也就是保單之詐帶來的結果，使保單業(yè)務利潤驚人，而且本句也有點題的作用。選項G符合題意。

3.

根據(jù)上下文，空格上一段的開頭sowhy提出疑問，為什么有如此多的人還要購買保單呢？緊接著提到了一系列的調查數(shù)據(jù)，可推斷空格應該是一個結果的呈現(xiàn)。選項E中theyconcludedthat說明是調查的結果，句意：他們總結道：購買保修單的決定在很大程度上與購物者的心情有關。選項E符合題意。

4.根據(jù)上下文，空格上一句提到，重視享樂的人們更傾向于在保險上花錢，而不顧產(chǎn)品真實的價格標簽。選項A中thisisespeciallytrue對這個現(xiàn)象進行了進一步的解釋，存在順承關系。選項A符合題意。

5.根據(jù)空格后一句中headmits，可知空格中應該會出現(xiàn)一個人物，選項F提到了Mr.Kalra這個人名，并且空格后but表明轉折關系，將會提到和下文完全相反的情況，選項F提到保單受歡迎的程度從邏輯上說應該取決于產(chǎn)品出故障的可能性，空格后提到保單從理性上講并沒有意義。前后形成對比轉折。選項F符合題意。

9.單選題

Whentheyoungmandiedunexpectedly,ittookhealthexpertsseveralweeksofintensivelabworktoidentifytheculprit.

問題1選項

A.curl

B.curve

C.cause

D.curse

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。橫線單詞culprit意為“犯人，罪犯；元兇”；A選項“curl”意為“卷曲；卷發(fā)；螺旋狀物”；B選項“curve”意為“曲線；彎曲；曲線球；曲線圖表”；C選項“cause”意為“原因；事業(yè)；目標”；D選項“curse”意為“詛咒；咒罵；禍根”。句意：當這個年輕人意外死亡時，健康專家花了幾個星期進行深入細致的實驗室工作來確定罪魁禍首。由題干可知，theyoungmandiedunexpectedly（這個年輕人意外死亡了）所以健康專家肯定是要確定導致他死亡的原因，或者說元兇。由此可知，culprit在此處最可能是“元兇”的意思，四個選項中curse具有“禍根”的意思，與此相近。因此D選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Theyagreedtoleavethehillandtoremovethe（）homesonSunday.

問題1選項

A.flowing

B.mobile

C.unstable

D.drifting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。mobilehome“活動房屋”。選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Wethink（

）possibleforthemtofulfilltheirtaskinafewweeks.

問題1選項

A.it

B.that

C.what

D.this

【答案】A

【解析】考查形式賓語。本句真正的賓語為不定式引導的tofulfilltheirtaskinafewweeks，think表示“認為，以為”是及物動詞，常用于“think＋it（形式賓語）+形容詞或名詞（賓補）+不定式／動名詞／從句（直接賓語）”結構中，因此選A。句意：我們認為他們有可能在幾周內完成他們的任務。

12.單選題

Thisisthehouse______lastyearwhenIwasinthiscity.

問題1選項

A.aboutthatIwrotetoyou

B.thatIwrotetoyou

C.aboutwhichIwrotetoyou

D.whichIwrotetoyou

【答案】C

【解析】考查后置定語從句。句子主干是thisisthehouse，橫線和lastyear部分是修飾house的定語從句，根據(jù)短語writeaboutsth.得出about放在先行詞前，定語從句中，介詞后面用which不用that，所以C選項aboutwhichIwrotetoyou符合題意。句意：這就是我去年在這個城市時寫信告訴你的那所房子。因此C選項正確。

13.單選題

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister______thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

問題1選項

A.rectified

B.remunerated

C.reeked

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項rectify“改正，精餾，整流”，B項remunerate“酬勞，給與報酬，賠償”，C項reek“散發(fā)臭味，帶有令人不快（或不滿）的內容”，D項reiterate“重申，反復地做”。由thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists“政府拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)”可知，“重申”符合語境。句意：首相在新聞發(fā)布會上重申了拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)的立場。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

14.單選題

Shelaterconfessedthatshedidn’treallyworkoutthesolutionbyworkinghardonit.Insteadshe（）itwhenshewasdoingsomethingelse.

問題1選項

A.fellbackon

B.stumbleupon

C.fellshortof

D.squeezeoutof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組含義辨析。A選項fellbackon“依賴；依靠于……”；B選項stumbleupon“偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C選項fellshortof“缺乏；達不到”；D選項squeezeoutof“榨出；擠出”。句意：她承認她并不真的是因為努力思考而得出的方案，而是在做其他事情的時候……想到的。說明她想出的方案是碰巧靈感來了才出現(xiàn)的。因此B選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Hisinabilitytolearnforeignlanguagewasan（

）tohiscareer.

問題1選項

A.shortage

B.disturbance

C.occurrence

D.obstacle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。shortage“短缺”；disturbance“打擾”；occurrence“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”；obstacle“障礙”。句意：他沒有學習外語的能力，這成為他職業(yè)生涯的一個障礙。根據(jù)上下文句意可知D項符合題意，答案D

16.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourEnglishversiononAnswerSheet.(10%)

充分發(fā)揮個體、私營等非公有制經(jīng)濟在促進經(jīng)濟增長、擴大就業(yè)和活躍市場等方面的重要作用。放寬國內民間資本的市場準入領域，在投融資、稅收、土地使用和對外貿易等方面采取措施，實現(xiàn)公平競爭。依法加強監(jiān)督和管理，促進非公有制經(jīng)濟健康發(fā)展，完善保護私人財產(chǎn)的法律制度。

【答案】Weshouldgivefullplaytotheimportantroleofthenon-publicsectorofeconomy,includingindividualandprivatesectors,inpromotingeconomygrowth,expandingemploymentandenliveningthemarket.Wewillrelaxmarketaccessfordomesticprivatecapitalandtakemeasuresininvestmentandfinancing,taxation,landuseandforeigntradetoleveltheplayingfield.Wewillstrengthensupervisionandmanagementinaccordancewiththelaw,promotethehealthydevelopmentofthenon-publicsectoroftheeconomy,andimprovethelegalsystemforprotectingprivateproperty.

17.單選題

Thesenator'sattempttoconvincethepublicthatsheisnotinterestedinrunningforasecondtermisfutile.

問題1選項

A.laudable

B.sincere

C.authentic

D.useless

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：這位參議員試圖讓公眾相信她對競選連任沒有興趣，但這只是徒勞。A選項laudable“值得贊賞的”；B選項sincere“真誠的”；C選項authentic“真正的，真實的”；D選項useless“無用的，無效的”。futile意為“無用的，無效的”，選項D與之意思相近，代入符合語境。

18.單選題

Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrewolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,threw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLillianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof.”

Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings.Thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillinggolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.Whensexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstep-itmovesin,accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.

Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.

Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.

1.Aftertheageof40,（

）.

2.FromHellman'sremark,wecanseethat（

）.

3.TishSommersarguesthat

（

）.

4.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans

（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter（

）.

問題1選項

A.mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs

B.manyworkerstendtosticktotheirpresentjobs

C.peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbefore

D.peoplestillwishtohuntfoxmoresuitablejobs

問題2選項

A.fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeople

B.thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansociety

C.olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeople

D.thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety

問題3選項

A.olderwomenusuallyhardtoescapepoverty

B.olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobs

C.themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexism

D.morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism

問題4選項

A.havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeople

B.livebelowthepovertyline

C.havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsociety

D.nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement

問題5選項

A.callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericans

B.believesthatthevalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognition

C.attemptstojustifytheyouth—oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStates

D.arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or70

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的二三句“Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.”40歲以后，找工作變得更加困難。許多人寧愿待在因為自己年紀太大而無法勝任的工作崗位上，也不愿面對可能的拒絕。選項B符合原文。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“Hellman”定位到第一段最后一句，用作家LillianHellman的話來說，他們擁有“我們無法利用的隨著年齡增長而來的智慧”。再根據(jù)選項來推斷，選項A中的“fulluse”明顯錯誤；選項B“年長者的智慧沒有被美國社會所重視”，符合原文；選項C和D在文中沒有提及。所以本題選B。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關鍵詞定位到第二段，然而，許多老年婦女收入微薄，在退休后面臨貧困的未來。據(jù)英國國家婦女組織一項針對老年婦女的特別研究的負責人TishSommers說，當性別歧視與年齡歧視發(fā)生沖突時，貧困就不再近在咫尺——它正在向貧困逼近。也就是說，年長的女性通常很難擺脫貧困，選項A符合原文。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.”盡管進入大公司并晉升的機會可能會減少，但許多老年人開始成功的小生意，自愿參加令人滿意的活動，并在多年來都保持著活躍。由此可知，老年人有新的機會在社會上保持活躍，選項C符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。結合全文內容可知，作者主要表達的思想是美國社會忽略了年長者的智慧，再根據(jù)最后一段末句“Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.”一個人在65歲或70歲生日前夕不會喪失能力和經(jīng)驗，正如一個人在21歲時不會立即長大一樣。也就是說，作者相信老年人的價值正在獲得越來越多的認可。選項B符合原文。

19.單選題

ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.

ThatisasignificantshiftinBritain.ForyearsownersoccupyahigherpercentageofhomesinBritainthanintheUnitedStates,France,orGermany.OnereasonhomeownershipissoattractiveinBritainisbecausepropertyvaluesdroppedlessdrasticallythanintheUnitedStates,inpartbecauseofashortageinhousing.Pricesinsomelargecities,includingLondon,haveevenincreasedrecently.Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund,saidAndrewHull,researchfellowattheInstituteforPublicPolicyResearch.“Homeownershipisalsoculturallyentrenched,”hesaid.“Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.”

Thebigshifttowardhomeownershipcameinthe1980swhenMrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy,whichallowedmanyinrentedgovernmenthousingtobuytheirhomes.Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.UnlikeGermanyandotherContinentalEuropeancountries,Britain’sprivaterentalmarketishighlyfragmented,withmanylandlordsandlawsthatgenerallyfavorthepropertyowner.Mostleasesareforsixmonthsonly,withlandlordsrarelyagreeingtocommittolongerterms;thismakesrentinghighlyinsecure.

Butasthepainofgovernment-imposedausteritysinksindisposableincomehasshrunkandloanrequirementhavetoughened,forcingmoreandmoreBritonsintorentingratherthanbuying.Overthelast10yearsthenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod,accordingtotheOfficeforNationalStatistics.Risingdemandhaspusheduprentsbyanaverageof4.4percentoverthelastyear,accordingtoLSLPropertyService.InLondonrentsincreased7.8percent.

“Agrowingnumberofyoungwould—bebuyersarepreparingforlifelong-renting—bynecessityratherthanchoice,”saidJonathanMoore,directorofeasyroommate.co.uk,apropertyWebsite.CharlotteAshton,30,haslivedinrentedaccommodationseversincesheleftherparent’shometoattenduniversity.Shesaidshewassavingforadownpaymenttobuyherownhome.“Idobelieveinthefundamentalsofowningbricksandmortarassecurityforthefuture,morethanleavingmymoneyinthebanksasalowinterestrate”,saidMs.Ashton,whoworksinpublicrelations.“Butnowitseemsunlessyouhaveaverywellpaidjobandarewillingtosaveeverypenny,it’sunfeasibletobuywithoutthehelpofthebankofMumandDad.”

Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods,AlisonBlackwell,aresearchdirectorattheNationalCenterforSocialResearchandauthoroftheHalifaxreportsaid.Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.

36.ForBritishpeople,buyinghouseis________.

37.Mrs.Thatcher’sright-to-buypolicyhasledto________.

38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGenerationRentistrue?

39.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

40.Morepeople’sinclinationtorentratherthanbuyahousewillnot________.

問題1選項

A.adistantgoal

B.asymbolofsuccess

C.acompulsorychoice

D.nothingbutaninvestment

問題2選項

A.thehomeownershipbust

B.theeconomicrecovery

C.thehomeownershipboom

D.theeconomicrecession

問題3選項

A.Theyconsiderrentingasalifelongplanratherthanatemporarychoice.

B.Theyareinfaceofeconomicdownturnandariskofearlyretirement.

C.Theydespisetheideaofaskingparentsformoneytobuyhouse.

D.Theystillbelieveintheblessingofhousejustliketheirpreviousgeneration.

問題4選項

A.therentalmarketandthebuyingmarketalwaysdevelopinreversedirection

B.itisimpossibleforthefirst-timebuyerstogetamortgageundercurrenteconomicsituation

C.buyinghouseisamoreprofitableinvestmentthanbuyingfundundercurrenteconomicsituation

D.Britain’srealestatemarketislessvolatilethanthatofotherEuropeancountries

問題5選項

A.enlargethewealthdisparitybetweenthehavesandhavenots

B.reducetherenter’scommitmenttothecommunity

C.slowtherecoveryofeconomy

D.curbsocialmobility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】36.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.（擁有房子是證明成功的主要方式。），可知B選項“成功的象征”正確。A選項“遙遠的目標”：根據(jù)第一段第一句ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.（對于英國的很多年輕人來說，擁有住房變得越來越難，這被視為一個遙遠的目標，如果能實現(xiàn)，也是在晚年。），可知這是對于英國年輕人來說而不是普遍的英國人，故錯誤。C選項“必須的選擇”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。D選項“除了投資，什么用處都沒有”：Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund（人們仍認為住房是比養(yǎng)老基金更好、更安全的投資選擇），這里沒有說買房只有投資這一個用處，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

37.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Mrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy…Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.（撒切爾夫人頒布了購房權政策……大約售出了200萬套房子，收入達數(shù)百億英鎊。），可知撒切爾夫人的政策促進許多人買房，所以C選項“很多人買房”正