考研考博-英語-宜春學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宜春學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Caresshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneis（

）loudcontinuousnoise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.associatedwith

B.subjectedto

C.filledwith

D.attachedto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。beassociatedwith意為“與……聯(lián)系”；besubjectedto意為“受到，被……折磨”；befilledwith意為“充滿，裝滿”；beattachedto意為“附屬于，喜愛”。

句意：應(yīng)注意縮短人們遭受持續(xù)噪聲的時(shí)間長度。

2.單選題

Gratitudeisdefinedastheartofshowing（）foreverykindness,greatandsmall.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.motivation

B.appreciation

C.affection

D.opposition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)motivation的意思是“動(dòng)機(jī)”；B選項(xiàng)appreciation的意思是“感激，欣賞”；C選項(xiàng)affection的意思是“喜愛，愛慕”；D選項(xiàng)opposition的意思是“反對，敵對”。題干的意思是“感恩就是一種對大大小小的善意表達(dá)（）的藝術(shù)。”根據(jù)首單詞Gratitude（感謝；感激）我們可知空格處應(yīng)填與該單詞聯(lián)系度最高的單詞，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

什么是幸福？古今中外，很多人都對它作出過不少的論述。幸福是一種心境、一種感覺，是心里欲望得到滿足時(shí)的狀態(tài)，是感到生活有巨大樂趣并自然而然地希望它持續(xù)久遠(yuǎn)的愉快心情。有些人窮其一生卻找不到幸福，而有些人則時(shí)刻被幸福光環(huán)所圍繞。這是因?yàn)樾腋５娜擞幸活w感知幸福的心，有一雙善于發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福的眼睛。對于這樣的人，一切都顯得美好。房后清風(fēng)做琴，檐下雨露為弦，屋頂鳥啾如歌，天上月光當(dāng)酒。幸福簡單又深?yuàn)W，玄妙又簡潔。所以要想得到幸福就要有一種如水心態(tài)，在平淡中尋找幸福，在細(xì)微中品味幸福。幸福有時(shí)就是一個(gè)分式，欲望是分母，所得是分子。如果想得到更多的幸福，最好的方法莫過于減少分母，增加分子。

【答案】Whatishappiness?Manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussionaboutitatalltimes.Happinessisakindofmood,afeeling,astatewhendesiresintheheartissatisfied,orahappymoodwhichfeelsthegreatjoyoflifeandhopesthatitcanlastforalongtimenaturally.Somepeoplespendtheirentirelivesbutcannotfindhappiness,whileothersarealwayssurroundedbyit.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveaheartwhichcanperceivehappiness,andapairofeyeswhichisgWhatishappiness?Ancientandmodern,manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussiononit.Happinessisamood,afeeling,astateofmindinwhichthedesiresoftheheartaresatisfied,ajoyfulmoodinwhichonefeelsthatlifehasgreatpleasuresandnaturallywantsthemtolast.Somepeoplegothroughlifewithoutfindinghappiness,whileothersaresurroundedbyahaloofhappiness.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveahearttoperceivehappiness,andapairofeyesgoodatfindinghappiness.Fortheseperson,alliswell.Behindthehouse,windasalyre;undertheeaves,rainanddewasastring;ontheroof,birdstweetlikeasong;andinthesky,moonlightaswine.Happinessissimpleandprofound,mysteriousandconcise.Soifyouwanttogethappiness,youshouldhaveamentalitylikewater,lookingforhappinessintheplain,andtastinghappinessinthesubtle.Happinessissometimesafraction,desireisthedenominator,whilegainsisthenumerator.Ifyouwantmorehappiness,thebestwayistoreducethedenominatorandincreasethenumerator.

4.單選題

Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityatthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthCenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiodicitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchasfossilrecordsofthethicknessofancienttreerings.Thesestudies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycycleoreventoconfirmthecycle’spastexistence.

Ifconsistantandreliablegeologicalorarchaeologicalandclimatologicalevidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistantpastcouldbefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportantissueinsolarphysics:howtomodelsolaractivity.Currently,therearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.ThefirstsupposesthattheSun’sinternalmotions(causedbyrotationandconvection)interactwithitslarge-scalemagneticfieldtoproduceadynamo,adeviceinwhichmechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamagneticfield.Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdrivesfromwouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.ThealternativeexplanationsupposesthattheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenitformed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.Modemsolarobservationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresentcyclicalsolar-activityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

1.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolaractivityisaccurate?

3.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenth-andearlyeighteenth-centuryChineserecordsareimportantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheargumentinfavorofthefirstmodelwouldbestrengthenedifwhichofthefollowingwerefoundtobetrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

D.outlinethespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshasnotyetbeensolvedandfaultingtheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodernphysicists

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inbothmodelscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

B.Tobothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeingdependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

C.ToonemodeltheSun'smagneticfieldisthoughttoplayaroleincausingsolaractivity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

D.Inonemodelsolaractivityispresumedtobeunrelatedtoterrestrialphenomena,whereasintheothermodelsolaractivityisthoughttohaveobservableeffectsontheEarth.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredicatedwereincorrect.

B.TheysuggestthattheMaunderminimummightbevalidonlyforEurope.

C.Theyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusuallycoldweatherworldwideatthetimeofthefounderminimum.

D.TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetimeoftheMaunderminimumdidnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Episodesofintensevolcaniceruptionsinthedistainpastoccurredincycleshavingverylongperiodicities.

B.Atthepresenttimethegloballevelofthunderstormactivityincreasesanddecreasesincycleswithperiodicitiesofapproximately11years.

C.Inthelastcenturythelengthofthesunspotcyclehasbeenknowntovarybyasmuchas2yearsfromitsaverageperiodicityof11years.

D.Hundredsofmillionsofyearsago,solar-activitycyclesdisplayedthesameperiodicitiesasdopresent-daysolar-activitycycles.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“指出有關(guān)太陽活動(dòng)的兩種相對的科學(xué)理論并對其各自的地質(zhì)依據(jù)進(jìn)行評價(jià)”，B選項(xiàng)“簡要概述近期科學(xué)在太陽物理學(xué)方面的發(fā)展并且就他們對未來氣候研究的影響做出評價(jià)”，C選項(xiàng)“討論將地球上的各種現(xiàn)象與太陽活動(dòng)聯(lián)系起來的困難性并指出問題的解決方法影響著我們對太陽物理活動(dòng)的理解”，D選項(xiàng)“概述有關(guān)太陽物理的問題之所以一直沒解決的原因并且對現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)家過度理論化的方法進(jìn)行指責(zé)”，根據(jù)文章大意可以推斷出C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章對太陽活動(dòng)的兩種模式的介紹主要集中在文章的第三段。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“簡而言之，太陽大范圍的磁場是自給自足的，因此與之相關(guān)的太陽活動(dòng)周期將會(huì)在幾十億年內(nèi)維持基本不變”可知在第一種模式中，太陽活動(dòng)的周期是與太陽大范圍的磁場相關(guān)的并且太陽活動(dòng)周期是可以長期維持基本不變的。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.”“在這種模式中，與太陽磁場相關(guān)的太陽機(jī)制變化更快，因此，太陽活動(dòng)周期的特點(diǎn)也會(huì)在很長一段時(shí)間后有所變化”可知在第二種模式中太陽活動(dòng)的周期也是和太陽磁場相關(guān)的，但是太陽活動(dòng)周期是會(huì)有所變化的。所以A選項(xiàng)‘在這兩個(gè)模型中，周期性的太陽活動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是太陽的一個(gè)長期特征，在數(shù)十億年的時(shí)間里幾乎沒有變化?！虲選項(xiàng)‘在一個(gè)模型中，太陽磁場被認(rèn)為是導(dǎo)致太陽活動(dòng)的一個(gè)因素，而在另一個(gè)模型中則不是。’表錯(cuò)誤，D選項(xiàng)文章中沒有體現(xiàn)，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.”“太陽活動(dòng)極小期的真實(shí)性還有待考證，特別是中國當(dāng)時(shí)肉眼觀察到的太陽活動(dòng)的記錄又與其相矛盾”確定A選項(xiàng)‘他們認(rèn)為,蒙德極小期的數(shù)據(jù)是建立不正確的?！项}意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“簡而言之，太陽大范圍的磁場是自給自足的，因此與之相關(guān)的太陽活動(dòng)周期將會(huì)在幾十億年內(nèi)維持基本不變”確定D選項(xiàng)“數(shù)億年前太陽活動(dòng)的周期性特征和如今太陽活動(dòng)的周期性相同”是對第一種模式的支持。

5.單選題

Scientists’pristinereputationasdevoteesofthedisinterestedpursuitoftruthhasbeencompromisedbyrecentevidencethatsomescientistshavedeliberately（

）experimentalresultstoflirthertheirowncareers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reinforced

B.validated

C.exterminated

D.fabricated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。reinforce“加強(qiáng)”；validate“證實(shí)；使生效”；exterminate“根除”；fabricate“制造；捏造”。句意：科學(xué)家的原始聲譽(yù)：即作為對真理進(jìn)行無私追求的信徒已被近來的證據(jù)連累，該證據(jù)表明一些科學(xué)家為了促進(jìn)自己的職業(yè)生涯發(fā)展而故意捏造實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。由compromised與experimentalresults可知“捏造”符合語境，故D項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thecourseleaderrequeststhatallthesesarehandedinbefore5:00p.m.nextFriday.

A

B

C

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theses

B.are

C.in

D.nextFriday

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。當(dāng)表示“建議、請求、命令、要求”等主觀意向的詞（suggest，advise，propose，recommend，demand，request等）引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，從句需用虛擬語氣：（should）+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。

試題答案：B;be

7.單選題

Doyouhaveany（

）aboutwhatlivingbeingsonotherplanetswouldbelike?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ideal

B.comprehension

C.notion

D.intelligence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。ideal“理想”；comprehension“理解力”；notion“觀念，意見”；intelligence“智力”。句意：你能想象出其它星球上的生物是什么樣的嗎？選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Nobodyknewhowhecameupwiththis（

）ideaaboutthetrip.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.weary

B.twilight

C.unanimous

D.weird

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:沒有人知道他是怎么想出這么一個(gè)旅行點(diǎn)子。

weary:疲倦的，使人厭煩的。twilight:虛幻的，暮年的。unanimous:意見一致的。weird:怪異的，不可思議的。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

MrGordonisrightthatthesecondindustrialrevolutioninvolvednever-to-be-repeatedchanges.Butthatdoesnotmeanthatdriverlesscarscountfornothing.MessrsErixonandWeigelarealsorighttoworryabouttheWest'sdismalrecentrecordinproducingnewcompanies.Butmanyoldfirmsarenotrunbybureaucratsandhavereinventedthemselvesmanytimesover:GeneralElectricmustbeonatleastitsninthlife.Andtheimpactofgiantnewfirmsborninthepast20yearssuchasUber,GoogleandFacebookshouldnotbeunderestimated:theyhavealltheSchumpeteriancharacteristicstheauthorsadmire.

Onthepessimists'sidethestrongestargumentreliesnotoncloselywatchingcorporateandinvestorbehaviorbutratheronmacro-levelstatisticsonproductivity.Thefiguresfromrecentyearsaretrulydismal.KarimFoda,oftheBrookingsInstitution,calculatesthatlaborproductivityintherichworldisgrowingatitsslowestratesince1950.Totalfactorproductivity(whichtriestomeasureinnovation)hasgrownatjust0.1%inadvancedeconomiessince2004,wellbelowitshistoricalaverage.

Optimistshavetworetorts.Thefirstisthattheremustbesomethingwrongwiththefigures.OnepossibilityisthattheyfailtocountthehugeconsumersurplusgivenawayfreeofchargeontheInternet.Butthisisunconvincing.TheofficialfiguresmaywellbeunderstatingtheimpactoftheInternetrevolution,justastheydownplayedtheimpactofelectricityandcarsinthepast,buttheyarenotunderstatingitenoughtoexplaintherecentdeclineinproductivitygrowth.

Another,secondlineofargumentthattheproductivityrevolutionhasonlyjustbegunismorepersuasive.OverthepastdecademanyITcompaniesmayhavefocusedonthingsthatweremore“funthanfundamental”inPaulKrugman'sphrase.ButSiliconValley'sbestcompaniesarecertainlyfocusingonthingsthatchangethematerialworld.

UberandAirbnbarebringingdramaticimprovementstotwolargeindustriesthathavebeenmoreorlessstuckfordecades.MorganStanleyestimatesthatdriverlesscarscouldresultin$507billionayearofproductivitygainsinAmerica,mainlyfrompeoplebeingabletostareattheirlaptopsinsteadofattheroad.

1.Whathasledtothepessimisticopinionconcerningtheworld'seconomy?

2.Thefirstargumentontheoptimists'sideisunconvincingbecausetheofficialfigures（）.

3.WhatistrueabouttheITcompaniesinSiliconValley?

4.HowcandriverlesscarsbenefitAmericanindustries?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisbasedonmacro-levelstatisticsonproductivity.

B.Itisbasedoncloseobservationoncorporateandinvestorbehavior.

C.Itisduetothefactthatmanyoldfirmsarenotrunbybureaucrats.

D.Itisduetothefactthatnotenoughnewfirmshavebeencreated.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.arebothwrongandunconvincing

B.downplaytheInternetrevolution

C.failtoincludetheconsumersurplus

D.can'texplainthedeclineinproductivitygrowth

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhaveonlyfocusedonthefunpartoflife.

B.Theyhavemadeadifferenceintherealworld.

C.Theyhavemorepersuasiveproductivity.

D.Theyhaveonlyjustbeguntodevelop.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.DriverlesscarshaverevivedtwolargeAmericanindustries.

B.Thesaleofdriverlesscarscanreachhundredsofbilliondollars.

C.Thankstothempeoplefreefromdrivingcandomorecreativework.

D.DriverlesscarshavestimulatedthedevelopmentofUberandAirbnb

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Whathasledtothepessimisticopinionconcerningtheworld’seconomy?1.是什么導(dǎo)致了對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的悲觀看法？

A.Itisbasedonmacro-levelstatisticsonproductivity.A.它是基于生產(chǎn)率的宏觀統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。

B.Itisbasedoncloseobservationoncorporateandinvestorbehavior.B.它是基于對公司和投資者行為的密切觀察。

C.Itisduetothefactthatmanyoldfirmsarenotrunbybureaucrats.C.因?yàn)樵S多老公司并不是由官僚管理的。

D.Itisduetothefactthatnotenoughnewfirmshavebeencreated.D.這是由于沒有建立足夠多的新公司。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞pessimistic定位到第二段第一句“在悲觀主義者看來，最有力的論據(jù)不在于密切關(guān)注企業(yè)和投資者的行為，而是基于生產(chǎn)率的宏觀統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)”，理解可知，基于生產(chǎn)率的宏觀統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)致了對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的悲觀看法。故選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“它是基于對公司和投資者行為的密切觀察”與原文相反，反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“這是因?yàn)樵S多老公司并不是由官僚管理的”與題干無關(guān)，張冠李戴；

D選項(xiàng)“這是由于沒有建立足夠多的新公司”沒有提及，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thefirstargumentontheoptimists’sideisunconvincingbecausetheofficialfigures______.2.樂觀主義者的第一個(gè)論點(diǎn)并不令人信服，因?yàn)楣俜綌?shù)據(jù)______。

A.arebothwrongandunconvincingA.是錯(cuò)誤的，也沒有說服力

B.downplaytheInternetrevolutionB.低估了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)革命

C.failtoincludetheconsumersurplusC.沒有包括消費(fèi)者剩余

D.can’texplainthedeclineinproductivitygrowthD.無法解釋生產(chǎn)率增長的下降

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞optimists定位到第三段，根據(jù)最后兩句“但這并不能令人信服。官方數(shù)據(jù)很可能低估了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)革命的影響，就像他們過去低估了電力和汽車的影響一樣，但他們的低估程度不足以解釋最近生產(chǎn)率增長的下降。”，理解可知，即使樂觀主義者認(rèn)為官方數(shù)據(jù)低估了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)革命的影響，但是這個(gè)低估的程度并不足以解釋最近生產(chǎn)率增長的下降。所以樂觀主義者的第一個(gè)論點(diǎn)并不令人信服，是因?yàn)楣俜綌?shù)據(jù)無法解釋生產(chǎn)率增長的下降。D選項(xiàng)符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“是錯(cuò)誤的，也沒有說服力”表述與原文不符，文中并沒有表達(dá)官方數(shù)據(jù)是錯(cuò)誤的且沒有說服力，曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)“低估了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)革命”和C選項(xiàng)“沒有包括消費(fèi)者剩余”是樂觀主義者的觀點(diǎn)，與題干不符，張冠李戴。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.WhatistrueabouttheITcompaniesinSiliconValley?3.關(guān)于硅谷的IT公司，什么是正確的？

A.Theyhaveonlyfocusedonthefunpartoflife.A.他們只關(guān)注生活中有趣的部分。

B.Theyhavemadeadifferenceintherealworld.B.他們改變了現(xiàn)實(shí)世界。

C.Theyhavemorepersuasiveproductivity.C.他們的說服力更強(qiáng)。

D.Theyhaveonlyjustbeguntodevelop.D.他們才剛剛開始發(fā)展。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞SiliconValley定位至倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句“過去十年，許多IT公司可能專注于PaulKrugman所說的‘有趣而非根本的東西’。但硅谷最好的公司肯定專注于改變物質(zhì)世界（changethematerialworld）?！?，理解可知，硅谷的IT公司在過去十年可能是專注于有趣的東西，但是最好的IT公司一定關(guān)注于改變世界。B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們只關(guān)注生活中有趣的部分”中的only太過絕對，曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“他們的說服力更強(qiáng)”和D選項(xiàng)“他們才剛剛開始發(fā)展”未提及，無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.HowcandriverlesscarsbenefitAmericanindustries?4.無人駕駛汽車如何使美國工業(yè)受益？

A.DriverlesscarshaverevivedtwolargeAmericanindustries.A.無人駕駛汽車重振了美國兩大產(chǎn)業(yè)。

B.Thesaleofdriverlesscarscanreachhundredsofbilliondollars.B.無人駕駛汽車的銷售額可達(dá)數(shù)千億美元。

C.Thankstothempeoplefreefromdrivingcandomorecreativework.C.多虧了他們，人們不用開車就能做更多有創(chuàng)意的工作。

D.DriverlesscarshavestimulatedthedevelopmentofUberandAirbnb.D.無人駕駛汽車刺激了優(yōu)步和愛彼迎的發(fā)展。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞driverless定位到文章最后一段，由最后一句“無人駕駛汽車每年將為美國帶來5070億美元的生產(chǎn)力增長，這主要是因?yàn)槿藗兛梢远⒅约旱墓P記本電腦而不是看著道路”可知，無人駕駛汽車能為美國帶來5070億美元的生產(chǎn)力增長，主要是因?yàn)槿藗兛梢栽谲嚿细蓜e的事情，故C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“無人駕駛汽車重振了美國兩大產(chǎn)業(yè)”和B選項(xiàng)“無人駕駛汽車的銷售額可達(dá)數(shù)千億美元”未提及，無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“無人駕駛汽車刺激了優(yōu)步和愛彼迎的發(fā)展”，文中沒有提到無人駕駛汽車與優(yōu)步和愛彼迎的關(guān)系，該項(xiàng)無中生有。

10.單選題

Isupportyourdecision,butIshouldalsomakeitclearthatIamnotgoingtobe______toit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.connected

B.fastened

C.bound

D.stuck

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)connected“連接；聯(lián)合；關(guān)聯(lián)；鏈接”；B選項(xiàng)fastened“使固定；集中于；扎牢；強(qiáng)加于；扣緊；抓住；集中注意力”；C選項(xiàng)bound“跳躍著跑；彈回，彈開；形成……的邊界；關(guān)，圍入；限制，束縛”；D選項(xiàng)stuck“刺，戳；伸出；粘貼；堅(jiān)持；伸出；粘住”。句意：我支持你的決定，但是我得說明，我不打算受它約束。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Hospitalsdefineurgentcareasmedicalcaregiventosomewhatless（

）medicalproblemsthanemergencycare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perplexing

B.complex

C.prudent

D.pressing

【答案】D

【解析】perplexing使人困惑的，令人費(fèi)解的；complex復(fù)雜的，合成的；prudent謹(jǐn)慎的，精明的；pressing緊迫的，迫切的。句意：醫(yī)院將緊急護(hù)理定義為醫(yī)療問題比急救護(hù)理稍微不那么緊迫的醫(yī)療護(hù)理。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

12.翻譯題

出發(fā)前，我曾經(jīng)和著陸器一起學(xué)習(xí)過人類探月的歷史。在已經(jīng)有過的130次探月活動(dòng)中，成功和失敗的比例差不多各占一半。

太空探索就是這樣，有多美就有多危險(xiǎn)，而我不過是人類對太空探索的超級大圖中，小小的一個(gè)點(diǎn)。

這里的太陽已經(jīng)落下，溫度下降得真快。今天說了好多，但總覺得還不夠。告訴大家一個(gè)秘密，其實(shí)我不覺得特別難過。我只是在自己的探險(xiǎn)故事里，和所有的男主角一樣，也遇到了一點(diǎn)問題：晚安地球，晚安人類。

【答案】答：

Beforedeparture,Istudiedthehistoryoflunarexplorationwiththelander.Abouthalfofthepast130explorationsendedinsuccess;therestendedinfailure.

Thisisspaceexploration;thedangercomeswithitsbeauty.Iambutatinydotinthevastpictureofmankind’sadventureinspace.

Thesunhasfallen,andthetemperatureisdroppingsoquickly.I’vesaidalottoday,butIdon’tthinkit’senough.Totellyouallasecret,Idon’tfeelthatsad.Iwasjustinmyownadventurestory,andlikeeveryhero,Iencounteredasmallproblem.Goodnight,Earth.Goodnight,humanity.

13.單選題

Themilitaryoperation（）yesterdayweretargetedatthemilitaryinstallations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.propelled

B.commenced

C.plagued

D.modulated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)propelled“推動(dòng)，驅(qū)使”；B選項(xiàng)commenced“開始”；C選項(xiàng)plagued“困擾，折磨”；D選項(xiàng)modulated“調(diào)接，調(diào)動(dòng)”。句意：昨天_____的軍事行動(dòng)是針對軍事設(shè)施的。這里表達(dá)的意思是“昨天開始執(zhí)行的軍事行動(dòng)”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Theleadersofthetwocountriesfeelitdesirableto（）fundsfromarmamentstohealthandeducation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.divert

B.change

C.convert

D.derive

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。divert“轉(zhuǎn)移”；change“改變”；convert“使轉(zhuǎn)變”；derive“源于”。根據(jù)空格處后面的“from…to…”可知是將資金從一個(gè)地方轉(zhuǎn)到另一個(gè)地方，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intermsof

B.bymeansof

C.inregardto

D.inlinewith

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語。intermsof“依據(jù)，按照”；bymeansof“用，依靠”；inregardto“關(guān)于”；inlinewith“符合，與……一致”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處后面的內(nèi)容是做方式狀語，因此從A與B選項(xiàng)中選，根據(jù)兩個(gè)詞組的意思，可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

aroundtheglobemorequicklyandeasily,hasresultedintheremovalofstatecontrolsontradeandinvestments,thedisappearanceoftariffbarriersandthespreadofnewinformationandcommunicationstechnologies.Insocietiesaroundtheworld,theeffectsofglobalizationhaveinfluencedsocialdevelopment.Notonlyaretheinfluencesofglobalizationapparentinmarkets,theirforcesarefeltintheprocessesorworkingtowardsequalitybetweenmenandwomen.RedaBebarsofEgypt,stressingthattheadvancementofwomenwouldnotbeachievedbypassinglegislation,saidthatsocialdevelopmentonthenationalscalemustbestrengthenedandaclimateconducivetodevelopmentmustbecreatedifthegoalssetinBeijing(atthe1995FourthWorldConferenceonWomen)aretoberealized.

Theproblemsstemfromthefactthatwomenareverydifferentlypositionedinrelationtothemarketsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Incertainplaces,wherewomenaresociallyexcludedfromleavingtheirhomes,thechallengeistofindwaysforwomentoparticipate.Inotherplaces,thechallengeistocreatemarketswhicharemorefriendlytowomen’sparticipation.IlhamIbrahimMohamedAhmedofSudancondemnedthedebtburdencarriedbydevelopingcountries,economicsanctions,arbitrarymeasuresanddenialofaccesstonewtechnologicaldevelopmentsasobstaclestothegrowthofwomen’srights.WomenremainverymuchintheminorityamongInternetusersandstillfacehugeimbalancesintheownership,controlandregulationofnewinformationtechnologies.

“Thegainsofglobalizationhavenotbeenequitablydistributedandthegapbetweenrichandpoorcountriesiswidening”，saidZhangLeiofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.

Thegainsofglobalizationthusfarhaveforthemostpartbeenconcentratedinthehandsofbetter-offwomenwithhigherlevelsofeducationandwithgreaterownershipofresourcesandaccesstocapital.

“WorkinChinaandVietnamshowsthatglobalizationhasbroughtnewopportunitiestoyoungwomenwithfamiliaritywithEnglishinnewservicesectorjobs,buthasmadeavastnumberofover-35-year-oldsredundant,becausetheyareeitherindecliningindustriesorhaveoutdatedskills”，SwastiMitteroftheUN’sWomenWatchOnlineWorkingGrouponWomen’sEconomicInequalitysaid.

1.Accordingtotheessay,whatrolehasEnglishplayedduringtheprocessofglobalization?

2.Whatneedstooccurinorderforthegoalsofthefourthwomen’sconferencetoberealized?

3.Wherehavetheprofitsofglobalizationgone?

4.Whatdoesthesentence“...buthasmadeavastnumberofover35-year-oldsredundant...”inthelastparagraphmean?

5.WhatreasondoesthepassagesuggestforthefactthatwomenremaintheminorityofInternetusers?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ithascreatedneweducationopportunities.

B.Ithasspeeduptheprocessofglobalization.

C.Ithasopenednewopportunitiesforyoungwomen.

D.Ithasincreasedthenumberofskilledwomen.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.EnforceLegislationscallingfortheadvancementofwomen.

B.Needtocreateaclimatethatencouragessocialdevelopmentonanationalscale.

C.CreatenewtechnologicalopportunitiesforwomeninChina.

D.AbolisheconomicbarriersbetweenChinaandtheWest.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Inrichcountrieswithstricttariffbarriers.

B.InChinaandVietnam.

C.Inthehandsofsmartwomen.

D.Inthehandsofrichermembersofthesociety.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Globalizationhascausedmanyover35-year-oldwomentolosetheirjobs.

B.Over35yearoldwomenarestuckinindustriesthatarenolongerthriving.

C.Thereisagreatneedforover35-year-oldwomenduetotheprocessofglobalization.

D.Therewasababyboom35yearsagoandtherearemany35yearoldwomenworking.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheydonotspeakEnglishwellenough.

B.Theydonotknowhowtousecomputersaswellasmendo.

C.Menremainthemajorityofpeoplewhocontroltheinternetindustry.

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