考研考博-英語-懷化師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-懷化師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Americanliteraryhistoriansareperhaps（

）toviewingtheirownnationalscenetoonarrowly,mistakingprominenceforuniqueness.

問題1選項

A.prone

B.legible

C.incompatible

D.prior

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。prone“有……傾向的”；legible“清晰的”；incompatible“不相容的，不能并存的”；prior“優(yōu)先的”。句意：美國文學(xué)史家也許傾向于狹隘地看待他們國家的文學(xué)，誤把卓越當(dāng)獨特。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

TomandRachelLeihbachei’sfriendshavealwaysbeeninstrumentalintheirlives.

問題1選項

A.approachable

B.thoughtful

C.functional

D.helpful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instrumental表示“樂器的，有幫助的，儀器的”；A項approachable“親切友善的，易理解的，可接近的”，B項thoughtful“深思的，體貼的，關(guān)切的”，C項functional“功能的”，D項helpful“有幫助的，有益的”。句意：湯姆和雷切爾雷巴赫的朋友在他們的生活中一直很有幫助。根據(jù)句意可知，instrumental在句中表示“有幫助的”，D項的意思符合句子。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

3.單選題

Whenthefireisoutandthe（）areglowing,it’stimetocallitanight.

問題1選項

A.halos

B.embers

C.ashes

D.fragments

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項halos“光暈，光環(huán)，色圈”；B選項embers“余燼，余火”；C選項ashes“骨灰，灰燼”；D選項fragments“碎片，片段；分裂”。句意：當(dāng)火焰熄滅，（）閃光，是時候收工了。fireisout和embers“余燼，余火”相對應(yīng)，符合語境。因此B選項正確。

4.單選題

Amost（

）argumentaboutwhoshouldgoandfetchthebreadfromthekitchenwasgoingonwhenIcamein

問題1選項

A.trivial

B.delicate

C.minor

D.miniature

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。trivial“不重要的，瑣碎的”；delicate“微妙的，精美的”；minor“次要的，較小的”；miniature“微型的，小規(guī)模的”。句意：當(dāng)我進(jìn)來的時候，一場極瑣碎的就誰應(yīng)該去雞的面前撿回面包的爭吵正在進(jìn)行。選項A符合題意。

5.單選題

Theterm“remotesensing”referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretation

ofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960’stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.

Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.Withdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.

Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.

Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniquesitispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsspecificallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remote-sensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveysandlaboratorytests,thetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.

1.Byusingtheword“interpretative”inline32.Theauthorisindicatingwhichofthefollowing?

2.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutgeologicmappingwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,measurementsofwhichofthefollowingcanbeprovidedbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisible-lightphotography?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajordisadvantageofphotographicimagingingeologicmappingisthatsuchphotography.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLandsatimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthatLandsatimages.

6.ThepassageprovidesinformationabouteachofthefollowingtopicsEXCEPT（

）.

7.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthe“conventionalmethods”mentionedinline24?

問題1選項

A.Somemapsarebasedmoreondatafromaerialphotographythanondatafromfieldoperations.

B.Somemapsarebasedalmostexclusivelyonlaboratorymeasurements

C.Somemapsarebasedonincompletedatafromfieldobservations.

D.Somemapsshowonlylargegeologicfeatures.

問題2選項

A.Geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience.

B.Geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960’s

C.Geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected.

D.Adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972.

問題3選項

A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans.

B.ThedensityoffoliageinremoteareasontheEarth’ssurface.

C.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.

D.ThedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheEarth’ssurface.

問題4選項

A.cannotbeusedatnight.

B.cannotfocusonthedetailsofageologicarea.

C.mustbechemicallyprocessed.

D.isalwaysenhancedbydigitalreconstruction.

問題5選項

A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits.

B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous.

C.predictthemovementsofglaciers.

D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits.

問題6選項

A.theprincipalmethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960*s

B.someofthephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing.

C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.

D.thespecificlimitationsoftheLandsatmultispectralscanner.

問題7選項

A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.

B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.

C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.

D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources—地質(zhì)圖采集了數(shù)量繁多、形形色的一整套具體的實地測量和實驗室測量數(shù)據(jù)，但是因為實地測量受到巖石裸露、可到達(dá)程度以及人力資源的限制，所以這一地質(zhì)圖必須進(jìn)行分析。確定C選項‘一些地圖的數(shù)據(jù)是來源于實地觀察的不完整地數(shù)據(jù)’正確。

2.根據(jù)文章第二段：Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner（MSS）aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年，安裝在Landsat衛(wèi)星上的多譜線掃描儀傳送出來的首批多譜線的數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)，吸引了整個地學(xué)界的注意。確定D選項‘1972年成為地質(zhì)制圖發(fā)展的里程碑’正確。

3.根據(jù)文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.隨著光機(jī)械掃描儀的發(fā)展，科學(xué)家開始利用那些超出可見光攝影術(shù)感知范圍的數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造數(shù)字化多譜線圖像。這些圖像的建造是通過用機(jī)械手段對一些現(xiàn)象的圖像進(jìn)行整理，如可見光譜外光波的反射，無線電波的折射以及地球表面一些地區(qū)日常溫度的變化。確定C選項‘地球表面許多地區(qū)溫度的日間變化’正確。

4.根據(jù)文章第二段：Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.相對于其它的攝影成像，數(shù)字成像的優(yōu)點是明顯的，產(chǎn)生的數(shù)字化數(shù)據(jù)可以被精確地理解，并且不會受到難以控制的化學(xué)過程的不規(guī)則性的影響。確定C選項‘必須經(jīng)過化學(xué)過程’正確。

5.根據(jù)文章第四段：Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于詳盡知地質(zhì)繪圖一般在小的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行，所以那些具有斷斷續(xù)續(xù)和多變量的區(qū)域特征的連續(xù)性就經(jīng)常不能被認(rèn)可，但是Landsat衛(wèi)星的全方位的觀察角度，能將這一連續(xù)性呈現(xiàn)出來。確定B選項‘指明特征的連續(xù)性并不能解釋為連續(xù)性‘正確。

6.根據(jù)文章第一段：Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth'sgeologicfeatures.在20世紀(jì)中葉之前，對膠片的解釋是對地球地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行遙感的主要方法。所以A選項‘地質(zhì)遙感的主要方法在20世紀(jì)60年代之前就出現(xiàn)’符合原文。根據(jù)文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.隨著光機(jī)械掃描儀的發(fā)展，科學(xué)家#始構(gòu)造數(shù)字化多譜線圖像，利用那些超出可見光影敏感范圍的數(shù)據(jù)。所以B選項‘出現(xiàn)了在遙感中利用數(shù)字化多譜線圖像進(jìn)行測量的現(xiàn)象’符合原文。根據(jù)文章第三段：Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.：區(qū)域地圖向重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過程，提供了成分、結(jié)構(gòu)及時間順序等信息。所以C選項‘一些地區(qū)地質(zhì)圖有實用性’符合原文。用排除法確定D選項‘Landsat衛(wèi)星掃描儀有特殊限制‘文中未提及，符合題意。

7.根據(jù)文章第三段：Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遙感更基本的應(yīng)用是增強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)的大范圍的地質(zhì)繪圖的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.區(qū)域地圖向重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過程，提供了成分、結(jié)構(gòu)及時間順序等信息。再根據(jù)文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements...地質(zhì)圖采集了數(shù)量繁多、形形色的一整套具體的實地測量和實驗室測量數(shù)據(jù)。確定A選項‘它們主要包括實地考察生實驗室測量’正確。

6.單選題

Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariables:language,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.

Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentstemfromthefactthatonecannotlearnculture—onehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging.

Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenblindness.

Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary,knowyouraudience,andknowyourcustomer.

41.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?（）

42.Accordingtotheauthor,themodelofPepsi（）.

43.Thetwoschoolsofthought（）.

44.Thisarticleissupposedtobemostusefulforthose（）.

45.AccordingtoFortune,successfulinternationalcompanies（）.

問題1選項

A.Allinternationalmanagerscanlearnculture.

B.Businessdiversityisnotnecessary.

C.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusinessworld.

D.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculturewell.

問題2選項

A.isinlinewiththetheoriesoftheschooladvocatingthebusinessisbusinesstheworldaround

B.isdifferentfromthemodelofMcDonald’s

C.showsthereverseofglobalization

D.hasconvergedculturaldifferences

問題3選項

A.bothproposethatcompaniesshouldtailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures

B.bothadvocatethatdfferentpoliciesbesetupindfferentcountries

C.admittheexistenceofculturaldiversityinbusinessworld

D.BothAandB

問題4選項

A.whoareinterestedinresearchingthetopicofculturaldiversity

B.whohaveconnectionstomorethanonetypeofculture

C.whowanttotravelabroad

D.whowanttorunbusinessonInternationalScale

問題5選項

A.earn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas

B.allhavethequalityofpatience

C.willfollowtheoverseaslocalcultures

D.adoptthepolicyofinternationalization

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】41.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，文化在商業(yè)中是一個很具挑戰(zhàn)性的因素。不同的國家與地區(qū)可能會有不同的文化體系。在商業(yè)中，應(yīng)該怎樣對待不同的文化，商業(yè)界存在著不同的看法。A選項“所有國際經(jīng)理人都可以學(xué)習(xí)文化”，根據(jù)第一段最后一句話可知，有些知識只能根據(jù)經(jīng)驗獲得，所以A選項太過絕對；B選項“商業(yè)多樣性沒有必要”說法錯誤；C選項“在商業(yè)世界中如何對待文化有不同的看法”符合題意；D選項“大多數(shù)人不了解外國文化”文中沒有提到，因此C選項正確。

42.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題意可定位到文章第二段的第二、三句話“Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.（在如何應(yīng)對文化多樣性的問題上，商界存在著兩種思想流派。一是商業(yè)是世界商業(yè)，全球都在效仿百事和麥當(dāng)勞的模式。）”。A選項“符合倡導(dǎo)商業(yè)是世界商業(yè)的學(xué)派的理論”符合題意；B選項“與麥當(dāng)勞的模式不同”說法錯誤，兩者在商業(yè)模式上相同；C選項“顯示了全球化的反面”說法錯誤；D選項“融合了文化差異”文中沒有提到。

43.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章的第二、三段。二、三段主要描述了兩種商業(yè)思想流派。A選項“二者都建議公司應(yīng)該根據(jù)個人文化來調(diào)整商業(yè)方法”說法錯誤，這只是第二種流派的建議；B選項“兩者都主張在不同的國家應(yīng)制定不同的政策”也只是第二種流派的建議；C選項“承認(rèn)商業(yè)世界中存在著文化的多樣性”符合題意；D選項“A和B都正確”錯誤，因此C選項正確。

44.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要關(guān)心的并不是研究多種文化形態(tài)，而是文化背景對商業(yè)運(yùn)作的影響。A選項“對文化多樣性研究感興趣的人”不符合文章大意；B選項“與一種以上的文化有聯(lián)系的人”不符合文章大意；C選項“想要出國旅行的人”不符合文章大意；D選項“想要在國際范圍內(nèi)經(jīng)營生意的人”符合文章大意，因此D選項正確。

45.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段的第二句“Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.（國際上成功的公司都有一個共同的重要品質(zhì)：耐心。）”。A選項“海外收入占總收入的20%以上”只能說明公司很成功，并不是成功的原因；B選項“都有耐心的品質(zhì)”符合題意；C選項“會跟隨海外本土文化”和D選項“采取國際化政策”文中都沒有提到，因此B選項正確。

7.單選題

Didyouknowthatwomen’sbrainsaresmallerthanmen’s?Theaveragewomen’sbrainweights10%lessthanmen’s.Sinceresearchhasshownthatthebiggerthebrain,theclevertheanimal,menmustbemoreintelligentthanwomen.Right?Wrong.Menandwomenalwaysscoresimilarlyonintelligencetests,despitethedifferenceinbrainsize.Why?Afteryearsofstudy,researchershaveconcludedthatit’swhat’sinsidethatmatters,notjustthesizeofbrain.Thebrainconsistsof“greymatter”and“whitematter”.Whilemenhavemoreofthelatter,theamountof“thinking”brainisalmostexactlythesameinbothsexes.

Ithasbeensuggestedthatsmallerbrainappearstoworkfaster,perhapsbecausethetwosidesofthebrainarebetterconnectedinwomen.Thismeansthatlittlegirlstendtolearntospeakearlier,andthatwomencanunderstandsortsofinformationfromdifferentsourcesatthesametime.Whenitcomestotalkingtothebossonthephone,cookingdinnerandkeepinganeyeonthebabyailatthesametime,it’swomenwhocomeoutontopeverytime.

Thereareotherimportantdifferencesbetweentwosexes.Aswhitematteristhekeytospatialtasks,menknowbetterwherethingsareinrelationtootherthings.“Agreatfootballeralwaysknowswhereheisinrelationtotheotherplayers,andheknowswheretogo,”saysoneresearcher.Thatmayexplainoneoflife’sgreatmysteries:whymenrefusetoaskfordirections...andwomenoftenneedto!

Thedifferencesbeginwhenfetusesareaboutnineweeksold,whichcanbeseenintheactionofchildrenasyoungasone.Aboywouldtrytoclimbabarrierbeforehimorpushitdownwhileagirlwouldattracthelpfromothers.Thesebraindifferencesalsoexplainthefactthatmorementakeupjobsthatrequiregoodspatialskillswhilemorewomenspeechskills.Itmayallgobacktoourancestors,amongwhomwomenneededspeechskillstotakecareoftheirbabiesandmenneededspatialskillstohunt,accordingtotheresearch.

Ifallthisdisappointsyou,itshouldn’t.“Thebrainchangesthroughoutourlivesaccordingtowhatwedowithit.”saysabiologist.

1.Thepassagemainlytellsus（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

3.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondandthirdparagraphs?

4.Whichofthefollowingdoyouagreewithaccordingtothefourthparagraph?

5.Whatisthewriter’sattitudeinwritingthispassage?

問題1選項

A.thedifferencesbetweenmen’sandwomen’sbrains

B.thechangesinbrainthroughoutourlives

C.thatmenarebetteratspatialtasks

D.thatbraindifferencesarerelatedtoourancestors

問題2選項

A.Women’sbrainis10%lessthanmen’s.

B.Greymatterplaysthesameroleaswhitematter.

C.Greymattercontrolsthinkinginthebrain.

D.Bothsexeshavethesameamountofwhitematter.

問題3選項

A.Womenpreferdoingmanythingsatatime.

B.Mendobetterdealingwithonejobatatime.

C.Womendonotneedtotelldirections.

D.Menhaveweakerspatialabilities.

問題4選項

A.Youngboysmaybestrongerthanyounggirls.

B.Morewomentakeupjobsrequiringspeechskills.

C.Womenmayhavestrongerfeelingsthanmen.

D.Ourancestorsneededmorespatialskills.

問題5選項

A.Defensive

B.Persuasive

C.Supportive

D.Objective

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章首先通過否定腦袋越大的動物越聰明，所以男性一定比女性聰明的論斷來引出文章的中心論點，即男女性在智利方而是沒有什么差異的，是他們的大腦構(gòu)造的不同導(dǎo)致了知識的掌握以及行為等方面的不同。因此選項A“男女性大腦的不同”比較能概括全文。

2.判斷推理題。選項A“女性的大腦比男性輕10%”，根據(jù)文章第一段Theaveragewomen'sbrainweights10%lessthanmen’s.中的關(guān)鍵詞average“平均”可知選項A表述不夠準(zhǔn)確，不是所有的女性的大腦都比男性輕10%；根據(jù)文章第一段中的Thebrainconsistsof“greymatter”and“whitematter”.Whilemenhavemoreofthelatter,theamountof“thinking”brainisalmostexactlythesameinbothsexes.“大腦包括‘大腦灰質(zhì)”和‘白質(zhì)’，盡管男性有更多的白質(zhì)，但男女‘思維’幾乎是相同的”可以推斷出大腦灰質(zhì)是“思維型”，而根據(jù)文章第三段中的Aswhitematteristhekeytospatialtasks...“由于對于完成需要空間思維的任務(wù)至關(guān)道要……”可知白質(zhì)是“空間想象型”，故選項B“灰質(zhì)和白質(zhì)所起到的作用相同”和選項D“男女性擁有等量的白質(zhì)”錯誤，而選項C“大腦灰質(zhì)控制思維”正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的womencanunderstandsortsofinformationfromdifferentsourcesatthesametime.“女性大腦可以同吋處理來自不同地方的多種信息”可以推斷出選項A“女性愿意同時做多件事”正確；選項B“男性能更好地在一個吋間內(nèi)處理—件事情”在文章中沒有體現(xiàn)；根據(jù)文章第三段中的whymenrefusetoaskfordirections...andwomenoftenneedto!“為什么男性不會去詢問有關(guān)方向的問題，而女性卻常常問這樣的問題”可知選項C“女性不需要辨別方向”和選項D“男性的空間思維能力更弱”錯誤，故選A。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的Thesebraindifferencesalsoexplainthefactthatmorementakeupjobsthatrequiregoodspatialskillswhilemorewomenspeechskills(這些大腦的區(qū)別解釋了一種實際現(xiàn)象一一大部分男性都會從事需要很好的空間思維能力的工作而女性卻從事需要語言技巧的工作),可推斷出選項B“更多的女性從事需要語言技巧的工作”正確。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。這是一篇具有科普類性質(zhì)的文章，科普類的一般是客觀的，故答案選項為D“客觀的”。

8.單選題

Thereweretwosmallroomsinthebeachhouse,（）servedasakitchen.

問題1選項

A.thesmallerofwhich

B.thesmallerofthem

C.thesmallestofwhich

D.smallestofthat

【答案】A

【解析】考查比較級。前面句子里面提到的兩個房間，所以后面的句子應(yīng)該是這兩個房間做比較，選擇其一，要用到的是比較級，而不是最高級，排除C，D選項。兩者中較小的一個應(yīng)該用which。句意：在海濱小屋有兩個小房間，小點的那個做廚房。所以本題的正確答案是A選項。

9.單選題

IwilltellTomheisanadoptedchild,butIwilldoitinduecourse.

問題1選項

A.atpropertime

B.ofcourse

C.inmyownway

D.soonerorlater

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。induecourse表示“在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候，及時”；A項atpropertime“在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”，B項ofcourse“當(dāng)然”，C項inmyownway“以我自己的方式”，D項soonerorlater“遲早，早晚”。句意：我會告訴湯姆他是收養(yǎng)的孩子，但我會在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候告訴他。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項正確。

10.單選題

Attheweddingceremony,thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedringsasa______oftheirlove.

問題1選項

A.present

B.token

C.mark

D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.present禮物；禮品B.token象征；標(biāo)志

C.mark污點；污漬D.sign跡象；征兆

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedrings（新郎和新娘交換了戒指）可推知，交換戒指是愛情的象征，故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】在婚禮上，新郎和新娘交換了戒指作為他們愛情的象征。

11.單選題

Shechewedeachdeliciousmouthfulasslowlyasshecould,（

）

thepleasure.

問題1選項

A.delaying

B.prolonging

C.insisting

D.indulging

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。delay“推遲”；prolong“延長”；insist“堅持”；indulge“沉浸在”，一般與介詞in搭配。句意：她盡可能慢地咀嚼著滿嘴的美味，來延長這種享受美味的愉悅感。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasic______ofmatter,andthemiraclesoflife.

問題1選項

A.bacteria

B.constituents

C.erosion

D.contexts

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項bacteria“細(xì)菌”；B選項constituents“成分”；C選項erosion“侵蝕，腐蝕”；D選項contexts“環(huán)境，上下文”。句意：科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使我們能夠了解宇宙的邊陲、物質(zhì)最基本的……和生命的奇跡。根據(jù)matter（物質(zhì)）可推測與其搭配的是constituents。結(jié)合句意，A選項及C選項都可排除。D選項contexts（環(huán)境）也不能與matter（物質(zhì)）搭配，因此B選項為正確答案。

13.單選題

Don’tbeafraidofbees.Theydonotnormally（）withoutbeingprovoked.

問題1選項

A.sing

B.bite

C.prick

D.thrust

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項sing“唱歌”；B選項bite“咬”；C選項prick“戳，扎破”；D選項thrust“插，插入”。句意：不要害怕蜜蜂。如果沒有挑釁，它們通常不會（）人。蜜蜂是咬人，因此B選項符合題意。

14.單選題

Itwasnotuntilshearrivedinclass______realizedshehadforgottenherbook.

問題1選項

A.andshe

B.she

C.whenshe

D.thatshe

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.andshe并且她B.she她

C.whenshe當(dāng)她D.thatshe她

【考查點】強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

【解題思路】根據(jù)前文的notuntil可知，itwasnotuntil…that…是強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型，表示“直到……才”，所以該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項均不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

【句意】直到她到了教室才意識到她忘記帶書了。

15.單選題

heflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement,（

）.

問題1選項

A.whichencouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

B.whichencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

C.encouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

D.thatencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。本句考查非限制性定語從句。主句是Theflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement，后面which作為關(guān)系代詞指代thefeministmovement，在從句中作為主語，意思是“女權(quán)運(yùn)動鼓勵女性去提高她們在就業(yè)市場的技能”，故正確答案選B。

16.翻譯題

2.Iclimbedheightsinordertoseethesplendidgranitemountaininitsfullestview.InthisexperienceIhadbeenseekingtheaesthetic.IknewIwouldfindit,forIhadseenpostcardsinadvanceandwasfollowingthemap.Theseekingtookconsiderableeffortandtime.Itwasaheavyinvestment.Iwasnotgoingforthescientificpurposeofstudyingrockformation,orwasitfortherecreationalpurposeofexercisingmylimbsinthefreshair,thoughthatexertionaddedintensitytotheexperienceandwasitscontext.

【答案】2.為了飽覽壯麗的花崗巖山峰的全景，我登上了高地。這次旅程中我一直在捕捉一種美感。我知道會如愿以償，因為我事先看過一些有關(guān)的風(fēng)景明信片，循著山路示意圖一路找來。這樣的尋找費時費力，投入頗大。盡管這次跋涉加深了我對美的體驗，而且是這番體驗的不可或缺的環(huán)節(jié)，但我此行的目的既不是出于對科學(xué)的動機(jī)來研究巖石的結(jié)構(gòu)，也不是出于娛樂消遣的考慮在清新的空氣中舒展肢體。

17.單選題

Theeffectofelectrictechnologyhadatfirstbeenanxiety.Nowitappearstocreate（）_.

問題1選項

A.bore

B.bored

C.boredom

D.bordom

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞語辨析。A、B、C個選項屬于同根詞。空格前是create動詞，因此應(yīng)填入名詞。bore“孔；令人討厭的人”；bored“無聊的；煩擾”，沒有名詞用法；boredom“厭倦；令人厭煩的事物”；bordom屬于錯詞。句意：電子技術(shù)的影響最初是給人帶來焦慮。現(xiàn)在它似乎在制造……。因此C選項符合