考研考博-英語-成都理工大學(xué)工程技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-成都理工大學(xué)工程技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

It（

）atleast50%offtheregularpriceofeitherframesorlenseswhenyoubuyboth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.entitlesyouto

B.providesyou

C.suppliesyoufor

D.givesyouto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)entitlesyouto“給你……權(quán)”；B選項(xiàng)providesyou“提供你”；C選項(xiàng)suppliesyoufor“為你提供”；D選項(xiàng)givesyouto“給你”。句意：當(dāng)你鏡框和鏡片都買了的話，它會給你鏡框或者鏡片半價(jià)的折扣。這里答案選A，只有當(dāng)你鏡框和鏡片都買，你才有半價(jià)權(quán)利。provide后面不能接雙賓語，所以不選；give可以接雙賓語，所以不需要加to；supply一般與with或者to搭配，所以C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

2.單選題

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman,Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush'spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld'sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld'sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

2.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

3.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby’’mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Lines2-3,Paragraph5)?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Akindofoverlookedinequality

B.Atypeofconspicuousbias

C.Atypeofpersonalprejudice

D.Akindofbranddiscrimination

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess

B.ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman

C.Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’names

D.Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B.alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

C.teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D.studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyaregettingimpatient

B.Theyarenoisilydozingoff

C.Theyarefeelinghumiliated

D.Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated

B.VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism

C.Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytogo

D.Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問“作者提及AAAA汽車與Zodiac汽車的是什么？”。由

第二段第一句“IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.眾所周知，在顧客瀏覽他們的電話薄時(shí)，被稱為AAAA汽車的出租車公司比被稱為Zodiac汽車的出租車公司有大的優(yōu)勢”與第一段第二句“Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.但是，一個(gè)潛伏的形式（即字母順序主義）繼續(xù)繁榮”確定A選項(xiàng)“一種被忽視的不平等”正確；

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘從前三段我們可以推斷出什么?’。由第一段中“Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.但是，一個(gè)潛伏的形式（即字母順序主義）繼續(xù)在繁榮”及第二段中“LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman不太為人所知的是AdamAbbott（即姓名以字母A開始的人）在生活中相比ZoeZysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）具有的優(yōu)勢”可知生活中的這種現(xiàn)象常被人忽視，所以D選項(xiàng)“一些形式的歧視太隱約而不易引人注意”正確。A選項(xiàng)“無論在東方還是西方，名字對于成功都是必要的”、B選項(xiàng)“字母表對ZoeZysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）的失敗應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任”和C項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者經(jīng)常很關(guān)注公司的名字”均不符合文意，排除。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘第四段指出…’。由第四段第四句“Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.因此，近視的Zysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）小學(xué)生被困在后排，且很少被問到由那些麻木不仁的老師提出有啟發(fā)性的問題”確定C選項(xiàng)“教師應(yīng)該關(guān)注自己所有的學(xué)生”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘作者所說的“大多數(shù)人都在打盹”是什么意思(第5段第2-3行)?’。由第五段中第三句“Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.求職面試名單、選票、會議發(fā)言者和參加人名單都傾向于按字母順序地被擬定，而它們的接受者卻在費(fèi)力地閱讀它們時(shí)失去了興趣?！迸c第二句“Atuniversitygraduationceremonies在大學(xué)畢業(yè)的典禮”這個(gè)場景的對應(yīng)確定B選項(xiàng)“他們正在鼾聲隆隆地打瞌睡”符合語境，正確。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的?’。全文圍繞“alphabetism字母順序主義”論述其帶來的各種偏見、歧視和不平等。如被稱為AAAA汽車的出租車公司比被稱為Zodiac汽車的出租車公司有大的優(yōu)勢，近視的Zysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）小學(xué)生被困在后排，且很少被問到由那些麻木不仁的老師提出的啟發(fā)性的問題?！彼訢選項(xiàng)“按照字母順序安放事情可能導(dǎo)致非故意的偏見”正確。

3.單選題

Shewasanexperiencedtravelerwhohad（

）bothAfricaandEuropeinhertwenties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.traversed

B.transferred

C.trampled

D.trespassed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形似詞辨析。traversed橫越，穿過；transferred使轉(zhuǎn)移，使調(diào)動；trampled踐踏，無視；trespass侵占，侵入。句意：她是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的旅行者，在她二十多歲的時(shí)候就穿越了非洲和歐洲。只有A項(xiàng)符合題意，答案A

4.單選題

Hisargumentdoesnotsuggestthatmankindcan（）tobewastefulintheutilizationoftheseresources.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resort

B.grant

C.afford

D.entitle

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他的論據(jù)未標(biāo)明，人類在這些資源的使用上能浪費(fèi)得起。

考查動詞辨析。resort常去，求助，訴諸，resortto依靠，求助于；;grant授予，允許，承認(rèn)，grantto同意給予，準(zhǔn)予；afford給予，提供，承擔(dān)得起;affordto（有條件）做，承擔(dān)得起，負(fù)擔(dān)得起；entitle給……稱號，使……有權(quán)利。因此C符合句意。

5.翻譯題

Blackshavetraditionallybeenpoorlyeducated--lookatthecrisisinurbanpublicschools--anddeprivedofthesortsofopportunitiesthatcreatethevisionnecessaryfortechnologicalambition.BlackfolkwaysinAmerica,thoseunspoken,largelyunconsciouspatternsofthoughtandbeliefaboutwhatispossiblethatguideaspirationandbehavior,thusdonotencompassphysicsandcalculus.Becominganengineer--unlikebecomingadoctororalawyeroraninsurancesalesman--hasnotbeenseenasawayupinthesegregatedblackcommunity.Thesefolkwaysdevelopedinresponsetoveryrealhistoricalconditions,tothelimitedandatbestambivalentinteractionsbetweenblacksandtechnologyinthiscountry.Folkways,the"consciousnessoftherace,"changeataslowerpacethansocietalconditionsdo--andsoaworkingstrategycanturnintoacripplingblindnessandself-limitation.

【答案】傳統(tǒng)上，黑人受教育程度較低——看看城市公立學(xué)校的危機(jī)就知道了——他們被剝奪了創(chuàng)造技術(shù)抱負(fù)所必需的愿景的各種機(jī)會。在美國，黑人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，那些沒有說出口的，在很大程度上是無意識的思維模式和信仰，引導(dǎo)著人們的愿望和行為，因此不包括物理學(xué)和微積分學(xué)。與成為醫(yī)生、律師或保險(xiǎn)推銷員不同，在種族隔離的黑人社區(qū)里，成為一名工程師并沒有被視為上進(jìn)之道。這些民俗是在真實(shí)的歷史條件下發(fā)展起來的，是這個(gè)國家黑人和技術(shù)之間，有限的并且是矛盾的相互作用下發(fā)展起來的。民俗，也就是“種族意識”的變化比社會條件的變化要慢，所以一種有效的策略可能會變成過度的盲目和自我限制。

6.單選題

Theriverisalready（

）itsbanksbecauseofexcessiverainfall;andthecityisthreatenedwithalikelyflood.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.parallelto

B.levelin

C.flaton

D.flushwith

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。句意:由于降雨過多，河水己經(jīng)（

）到河床，整座城市有可能受到洪水威脅。parallelto:與…平行;levelin:相等;flaton:平躺;flushwith:與…齊平。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.單選題

Oneofthepeculiaritiesofthebazaaristhatpeopledealinginthesamekindofgoodscollectinthesamearea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advantages

B.shortcomings

C.disparities

D.characteristics

【答案】D

【解析】peculiarities意為特征，特質(zhì)。advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)，有利條件；shortcomings缺點(diǎn)，短處；disparities不一致；characteristics特性，特征。選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近。

8.單選題

Please（）fromsmokinguntiltheaeroplaneisairborne.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refrain

B.prevent

C.resist

D.restrain

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。refrainfrom克制，抑制，忍?。籶reventfrom阻止，制止；resist一般與to搭配，意為“抵抗，反抗”；restrain的用法為restrainsb.fromdoingsth.,意為“阻止某人做某事”。這里指克制住抽煙的沖動，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

9.單選題

Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain”sufferswithcivilization’severystepinsearchofreality.Sciencecannotreallyexplainelectricity,magnetismandgravitation:theireffectscanbemeasuredandpredictedbutoftheirnaturenomoreisknowntothemodernscientistthantoThaleswhofirstlookedintothenatureoftheelectrificationofamber,ahardyellowishbrowngum.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthesemysteriousforces“really”are.“Electricity”,BertrandRussellsays,“isnotathinglikeSt.Paul’sCathedral;itisawayinwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstancestheyareelectrifiedwehavetoldallthereistotell.”Untilrecentlyscientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea.AristotleforexamplewhosenaturalsciencedominatedWesternthoughtfortwothousandyears,believedthatmancouldarriveatanunderstandingofrealitybyreasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.Hefelt,forexample,thatitisaself-evidentprincipalthateverythingintheuniversehasitsproperplace,henceonecandeducethatobjectsfalltothegroundbecausethat’swheretheybelongandsmokegoesupbecausethat’swhereitbelongs.ThegoalofAristoteliansciencewastoexplainwhythingshappen.ModemsciencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthingshappenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.

1.Theaimofcontrolledscientificexperimentis（）.

2.Whatprincipalsmostinfluencedscientificthoughtfortwothousandyears?

3.BertrandRussell’snotionaboutelectricityis（）.

4.Thepassagesaysthatuntilrecentlyscientistsdisagreedwiththeidea（）.

5.Modemsciencecameintobeing（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toexplainwhythingshappen

B.toexplainhowthingshappen

C.todescribeself-evidentprinciples

D.tosupportAristotelianscience

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheinfluenceofSt.Paul’s

B.Theforcesofelectricitymagnetismandgravity

C.Aristotle’snaturalscience

D.Galileo’sdiscoveries.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.disapprovedofbymostmodemscientists

B.inagreementwithAristotle’stheoryofself-evidentprinciples

C.inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward“how”thingshappen

D.inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward“why”thingshappen

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thattherearemysteriousforcesintheuniverse

B.thatmancannotdiscoverwhatforces“really”are

C.thatthereareself-evidentprincipals

D.thatwecandiscoverwhythingsbehaveastheydo

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.whenthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwasfirstintroduced

B.whenGalileosucceededinexplaininghowthingshappen

C.whenAristotelianscientiststriedtoexplainwhythingshappen

D.whenscientistswereabletoacquireanunderstandingofreality

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“ModemsciencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthingshappenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.”，可知現(xiàn)代科學(xué)誕生于伽利略開始解釋事物是如何發(fā)生的，并由此產(chǎn)生了控制實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法，這種方法現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成了科學(xué)研究的基礎(chǔ)?？膳袛喑隹刂茖?shí)驗(yàn)的方法目的在于解釋事情是如何發(fā)生的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章,“AristotleforexamplewhosenaturalsciencedominatedWesternthoughtfortwothousandyears,believedthatmancouldarriveatanunderstandingofrealitybyreasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.”，可知以亞里士多德為例，他的自然科學(xué)主宰了西方兩千年的思想，他相信人可以通過自明的原理進(jìn)行推理來理解現(xiàn)實(shí)?？膳袛喑鰞汕Ф嗄陙恚瑢茖W(xué)思想影響最大的原則是亞里士多德的自然科學(xué)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章，“‘Electricity’,BertrandRussellsays,‘isnotathinglikeSt.Paul’sCathedral;itisawayinwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstancestheyareelectrifiedwehavetoldallthereistotell.’”，可知羅素對電的看法是：電不是一種物質(zhì)，而是一種事物表現(xiàn)的方式，當(dāng)我們解釋了事物通電時(shí)的表現(xiàn)，以及在什么情況下通電時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)解釋了所有。可判斷出羅素關(guān)于電的解釋與科學(xué)調(diào)查的結(jié)果相一致，其目的是弄清事情是如何發(fā)生的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.推斷題。文章提出隨著人類文明探索的進(jìn)步，人類無法解釋一些神秘力量的本質(zhì)，后面舉了羅素的和亞里士多德的觀點(diǎn)為例子，說明人類能夠通過對原理進(jìn)行推理，解釋神秘力量的本質(zhì)和事物為何發(fā)生?？膳袛喑鲎罱茖W(xué)家才開始同意現(xiàn)代科學(xué)能夠?qū)茖W(xué)中的神秘力量進(jìn)行解釋。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“ModemsciencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthingshappenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.”，可知現(xiàn)代科學(xué)誕生于伽利略開始解釋事物是如何發(fā)生的，并由此產(chǎn)生了控制實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法，這種方法現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成了科學(xué)研究的基礎(chǔ)?？膳袛喑霎?dāng)控制實(shí)驗(yàn)方法首次被引入時(shí)，現(xiàn)代科學(xué)誕生了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

Helivedina（

）house,andforthisreasonhewaseasilyacceptedintohismoney-worshipingsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shabby

B.ragged

C.dingy

D.decent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他住在一棟很體面的房子里，也因?yàn)檫@樣他很快就被金錢至上的社會所接納。shabby“破舊的”；ragged“粗糙的”；dingy“昏暗的”；decent“體面的”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

______humanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupsetthedelicatechemicalbalanceinthebrain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Deliberate

B.Consistent

C.Abnormal

D.Primitive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Deliberate“故意的；從容的”；B選項(xiàng)Consistent“一致的；堅(jiān)持的”；C選項(xiàng)Abnormal“反常的”；D選項(xiàng)Primitive“原始的；簡單的”。句意：______的人類行為可能是由于食用了破壞大腦中微妙的化學(xué)物質(zhì)平衡的物質(zhì)而引起的。根據(jù)語境，大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)失衡會導(dǎo)致人和平時(shí)不同，Abnormal“反常的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Theprospectofincreasedpriceshasalready（）worries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provoked

B.irritated

C.inspired

D.hoisted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)provoke“引起，挑起，煽動”，B項(xiàng)irritate“使興奮，激怒”，C項(xiàng)inspire“激發(fā)，鼓舞”，D項(xiàng)hoist“升起，舉起”。根據(jù)空格前后關(guān)鍵詞prospectofincreasedprices（價(jià)格上升的前景）和worries（擔(dān)憂）可知，空格部分表示“引起”。句意：價(jià)格上漲的前景已經(jīng)引發(fā)了擔(dān)憂。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Lyinghereinthesunisaverypleasantwayto（）theafternoon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.giveaway

B.passaway

C.whileaway

D.fadeaway

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)giveaway“分發(fā)”；B選項(xiàng)passaway“去世”；C選項(xiàng)whileaway“消磨”；D選項(xiàng)fadeaway“減弱”。句意：躺在這里曬太陽是一種令人愉快的消磨下午時(shí)間的方式。本句表示消磨時(shí)間。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Doctorsmustinform______parentsaboutthelowoddsofsuccessinfertilitytreatments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.protective

B.respective

C.prospective

D.perspective

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)protective“防護(hù)的；關(guān)切保護(hù)的；保護(hù)貿(mào)易的”；B選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”；C選項(xiàng)prospective“未來的；預(yù)期的”；D選項(xiàng)perspective“透視的”。句意：醫(yī)生必須告知準(zhǔn)父母生育治療成功的幾率很低。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AdvancesincampaignagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraqareforcingtheextremiststoabandonterritorythere,generatingconcernsthattheyarecarvingoutanewstrongholdinoil-richLibya,SecretaryofStateJohnF.KerrysaidTuesday.

“Aseverybodyhereknows,thatcountryhasresources,”Kerrysaidataconferenceof23foreignministersfromnationsthatformthecoreofacoalitionfightingtheIslamicState.“Thelastthingintheworldyou'dwantisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenue.”

Inajointstatement,bothKerryandItalianforeignministerPaoloGentiloniexpressedconcernoverthe“growinginfluence”ofIslamicStateinLibya.Theyvowedto“continuetoNationalAccordinitseffortstoestablishpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.”

KerryruledoutmilitaryinterventioninLibyabytheUnitedStatesinnearfuture.Buthesaidthatcouldchangeiftherewere“someturnofevents,likeweaponsofmassdestructionendingupinthehandsofthewrongpeople”.

Libyahasbeeninastateofchaossince2011whenMoammarGaddafiwasousted.Tworivalgovernmentssubsequentlyemerged,andcontinuingconflicthasfoiledeffortstoestablishaunitedLibyangovernment.

ThoughtheemergingthreatinLibyacommandedmuchofthediplomats'attention,thesituationinSyriaremainstroublesome.SuccessinpushingIslamicStatefightersoutofanestimated40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraqand20percentto30percentofthelandtheyheldinSyriahascreateditsownsetofurgentproblems.

Fleeingfightersoftenbooby-traphomesanddemolishbuildings,whichthenneedtobeclearedandrebuiltbeforeresidentscanreturn.Kerryurgedhisfellowforeignministerstodonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesinthoseareas.

NowthatU.N.-backedSyriapeacetalksaimedatendingthewarhavestartedinGeneva,KerrycalledonRussiatostopbombingoppositionfightersandtheSyriangovernmenttogranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.

Withtheonsetofpeacetalks,acease-fireshouldfollowshortly,hesaid.

“Weareatthetable,andweexpectacease-fire,”hesaid.“Andweexpectadherencetothecease-fire,andweexpectfullhumanitarianaccess.”

InGeneva,whereU.N.envoyStaffandeMisturaonMondaydeclaredtheofficialopeningoftalksbetweentheSyriangovernmentandopposition,bothsidessaidthatasfarastheywereconcerned,negotiationshadnotyetbegun.

Inastatement,theoppositiondelegationsaidSyrianrebelsarefacing“amassiveaccelerationofRussianandregimemilitaryaggression...includingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurev"nearthecitiesofAleppoandHomsoverthepasttwodays.

TheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusedtheoppositionofactinglike“amateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians”.Syria'sUnitedNationsambassador,BasharJaafari,representingSyrianPresidentBasheral-Assad,saidhissidechallengedtheparticipationoftwo“terrorist”groupsintheoppositiondelegation,accordingtothestate-runSyrianArabNewsAgency.

TheObamaadministrationiseagerforthepeacetalkstobeginandhaspressuredtheoppositiontoparticipate.Oppositionrepresentativeshavesaidtheagreed-uponrulesforthenegotiations,inaU.N.resolution,callforanendtobombardmentsandgovernmentsiegesofcivilianareas,aswellasthereleaseofprisoners.

RussianForeignMinisterSergeiLavrovtoldreporterstherethathisgovernmentconsideredmembersofJaishal-IslamandAhraral-Shamtobeparticipatingintheoppositiondelegationintheir“personalcapacity”ratherthanasofficialrepresentatives.LavrovalsosaidthatheconsidersittheresponsibilityoftheUnitedStates,asleaderofthecoalitionagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraq,topreventconflictamongthevariousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverthosecountries.

1.BothKerryandPaoloGentiloniagreeduponthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

3.WhatdidKerryurgehisfellowforeignministerstodo?

4.WhatdidtheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusetheoppositionof?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ContinuingtomonitorcloselythedevelopmentsinLibya.

B.BeingreadytosupporttheGovernmentofNationalAccordinestablishingpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.

C.ImmediatemilitaryinterventioninLibya.

D.ConcernoverthegrowinginfluenceofIslamicStateinLibya.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheextremistsinLibyaareforcedtoabandontheirterritoryinSyriaandIraq.

B.AccordingtoKerry,thelastthingAmericawantsisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenueinLibya.

C.AunitedLibyangovernmenthasbeensuccessfullyestablished.

D.LongtimedictatorMoammarGaddafiwasoustedin2011.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TopushIslamicStatefightersoutofapproximate40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraq.

B.Todonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesdestroyedbyfleeingfighters.

C.TodriveIslamicStatefightersoutofthelandtheyheldinSyriaandadheretotheceasefire.

D.Tostopbombingoppositionfightersandgranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Performinglikeamateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians.

B.AcceleratingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurenearthecitiesofAleppoandHoms.

C.Participatinginbombardmentsandsiegesofcivilianareas.

D.PreventingconflictsamongvariousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverSyria,IraqandLibya.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.BothKerryandPaoloGentiloniagreeduponthefollowingEXCEPT______.1.除了______，克里和保羅?真蒂洛尼都同意以下內(nèi)容。

A.ContinuingtomonitorcloselythedevelopmentsinLibya.A.繼續(xù)密切關(guān)注利比亞局勢的發(fā)展。

B.BeingreadytosupporttheGovernmentofNationalAccordinestablishingpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.B.隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備支持為利比亞人民建立和平與安全的國家團(tuán)結(jié)政府。

C.ImmediatemilitaryinterventioninLibya.C.立即對利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)。

D.ConcernoverthegrowinginfluenceofIslamicStateinLibya.D.對伊斯蘭國在利比亞日益增長的影響力的擔(dān)憂。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段“克里排除了美國在不久的將來對利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)的可能性。但他表示，如果事態(tài)出現(xiàn)某些轉(zhuǎn)折，比如大規(guī)模殺傷性武器最終落入錯(cuò)誤的人手中，會改變這一立場。”，從中可知，C選項(xiàng)“立即對利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)”中的Immediate不符合原文。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)密切關(guān)注利比亞局勢的發(fā)展”根據(jù)解題思路可知，克里和保羅?真蒂洛尼排除了美國在不久的將來對利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)的可能性，但是如果事態(tài)變化會改變立場，這說明他們將繼續(xù)關(guān)注利比亞的局勢發(fā)展，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備支持為利比亞人民建立和平與安全的國家團(tuán)結(jié)政府”定位至第三段第二句“他們誓言要繼續(xù)全國團(tuán)結(jié)，為利比亞人民建立和平與安全的努力”，從中可知，B項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“對伊斯蘭國在利比亞日益增長的影響力的擔(dān)憂”定位至第三段第一句“在一份聯(lián)合聲明中，克里和意大利外長真蒂洛尼都對伊斯蘭國在利比亞日益增長的影響力表示擔(dān)憂”，從中可知，D項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?2.根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？

A.TheextremistsinLibyaareforcedtoabandontheirterritoryinSyriaandIraq.A.利比亞的極端分子被迫放棄了他們在敘利亞和伊拉克的領(lǐng)土。

B.AccordingtoKerry,thelastthingAmericawantsisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenueinLibya.B.根據(jù)克里的說法，美國最不希望看到的就是一個(gè)虛假的哈里發(fā)國，可以從利比亞獲得數(shù)十億美元的石油收入。

C.AunitedLibyangovernmenthasbeensuccessfullyestablished.C.一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的利比亞政府已經(jīng)成功建立。

D.LongtimedictatorMoammarGaddafiwasoustedin2011.D.長期獨(dú)裁者卡扎菲于2011年被推翻。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容“自2011年卡扎菲被推翻以來，利比亞一直處于混亂狀態(tài)。隨后出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)對立的政府，持續(xù)的沖突阻礙了建立一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的利比亞政府的努力?！保瑥闹锌芍?，C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的利比亞政府已經(jīng)成功建立”與原文不符，所以本題選C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“利比亞的極端分子被迫放棄了他們在敘利亞和伊拉克的領(lǐng)土”根據(jù)第一段“……打擊敘利亞和伊拉克伊斯蘭國的行動取得進(jìn)展，正迫使極端分子放棄那里的領(lǐng)土……”可知，A項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“根據(jù)克里的說法，美國最不希望看到的就是一個(gè)虛假的哈里發(fā)國，可以從利比亞獲得數(shù)十億美元的石油收入”根據(jù)第二段第二句“在這個(gè)世界上，你最不希望看到的就是一個(gè)虛假的哈里發(fā)國，卻能獲得數(shù)十億美元的石油收入”可知，B項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“長期獨(dú)裁者卡扎菲于2011年被推翻”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)符合原文，也屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.WhatdidKerryurgehisfellowforeignministerstodo?3.克里敦促其他外交部長做什么？

A.TopushIslamicStatefightersoutofapproximate40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraq.A.將伊斯蘭國武裝分子趕出他們在伊拉克控制的大約40%的領(lǐng)土。

B.Todonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesdestroyedbyfleeingfighters.B.向一個(gè)穩(wěn)定基金捐贈更多的錢，用于重建和恢復(fù)被逃跑的戰(zhàn)士摧毀的服務(wù)。

C.TodriveIslamicStatefightersoutofthelandtheyheldinSyriaandadheretotheceasefire.C.將伊斯蘭國武裝分子趕出他們在敘利亞控制的土地，并遵守?；饏f(xié)議。

D.Tostopbombingoppositionfightersandgranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.D.停止轟炸反對派戰(zhàn)士，并允許人道主義援助進(jìn)入被圍困的城鎮(zhèn)。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第七段最后一句“克里敦促各國外長向一個(gè)穩(wěn)定基金捐贈更多資金，用于重建和恢復(fù)這些地區(qū)的服務(wù)”，可知，B選項(xiàng)“向一個(gè)穩(wěn)定基金捐贈更多的錢，用于重建和恢復(fù)被逃跑的戰(zhàn)士摧毀的服務(wù)”與原文相符。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“將伊斯蘭國武裝分子趕出他們在伊拉克控制的大約40%的領(lǐng)土”定位至第六段第二句“成功（successin…）將伊斯蘭國武裝分子趕出他們在伊拉克控制的約40%的領(lǐng)土，以及在敘利亞控制的20%至30%的領(lǐng)土……”，可知，A項(xiàng)是已經(jīng)完成了，該項(xiàng)不符合題干，屬于曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“將伊斯蘭國武裝分子趕出他們在敘利亞控制的土地，并遵守?；饏f(xié)議”中的“將伊斯蘭國武裝分子趕出他們在敘利亞控制的土地”同樣不符合題干，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“停止轟炸反對派戰(zhàn)士，并允許人道主義援助進(jìn)入被圍困的城鎮(zhèn)”定位至第八段“……克里呼吁俄羅斯（KerrycalledonRussiato…）停止轟炸反對派武裝人員，并呼吁敘利亞政府允許人道主義救援進(jìn)入被圍困的城鎮(zhèn)”，可知，“停止轟炸反對派戰(zhàn)士，并允許人道主義援助進(jìn)入被圍困的城鎮(zhèn)”是克里呼吁俄羅斯去干的事情，而不是題干中的“其他外交部長”，所以該項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhatdidtheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusetheoppositionof?4.敘利亞政府代表團(tuán)對反對派有何指責(zé)？

A.Performinglikeamateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians.A.表現(xiàn)得像業(yè)余人士，而不是職業(yè)政客。

B.AcceleratingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurenearthecitiesofAleppoandHoms.B.阿勒頗和霍姆斯市附近醫(yī)院和關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的襲擊加速。

C.Participatinginbombardmentsandsiegesofcivilianareas.