考研考博-英語-云南農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.TheUniversityofOklahoma,theUniversityofGeorgia,andTaiwan’sNationalChengchiUniversityeachindependentlyconductedalarge-scaleanalysisofsuchprograms.Allthreeteamsofscholarsconcludedthatcreativitytrainingcanhaveastrongeffect.“Creativitycanbetaught.”saysJamesC.Kaufman,professoratCaliforniaStateUniversity,SanBernardino.

What’scommonaboutsuccessfulprogramsistheyalternatemaximumdivergentthinkingwithboutsofintenseconvergentthinking,throughseveralstages.Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.

SowhatdoesthismeanforAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschools?Thekeyisinhowkidsworkthroughthevastcatalogofinformation.ConsidertheNationalInventorsHallofFameSchool,anewpublicmiddleschoolinAkron,Ohio.MindfulofOhio’scurriculumrequirements,theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.

Workinginsmallteams,thefifthgradersfirstengagedinwhatcreativitytheoristDonaldTreffingerdescribesasfact-finding.Howdoessoundtravelthroughmaterials?Whatmaterialsreducenoisethemost?Then,problemfinding—anticipatingallpotentialpitfallssotheirdesignsaremorelikelytowork.Next,idea-findinggenerateasmanyideasaspossible.Drapes,plants,orlargekiteshungfromtheceilingwouldallbafflesound.Or,insteadofreducingthesound,maybemaskitbyplayingthesoundofgentlewaterfall?Aproposalfordouble-panedglassevolvedintoanideatofillthespacebetweenpaneswithwater.Next,solution-finding:whichideaswerethemosteffective,cheapest,andaestheticallypleasing?Fiberglassabsorbedsoundthebestbutwouldn’tbesafe.Wouldanaquariumwithfishbeeasierthanwater-filledpanes?

Thenteamsdevelopedaplanofaction.Theybuiltscalemodelsandchosefabricsamples.Theyrealizedthey’dneedtopersuadeajanitortocarefortheplantsandfishduringvacation.Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.

51.Thegoodnewsaboutthethreeteams’conclusionisthat______.

52.Accordingtothepassagetheimprovementofdivergentandconvergentthinkingtakeplace______.

53.ThesubjectsoftheprojectinanAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschoolare______.

54.Accordingtotheauthor,theteamsintheschoolprojecthavegonethroughthefollowingstepsexcept______.

55.WhatwasindicatedfromthetactthattheteamspresenteddesignstoJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone?

問題1選項

A.large-scaleanalysishasbeenconducted

B.threeuniversitiesallreachedtheirconclusions

C.creativetrainingcoincidewithnewscienceworks

D.creativetrainingcanbestronglyaffected

問題2選項

A.indifferentstages

B.duringexperiment

C.onweekendworkshop

D.inroutineworkorschool

問題3選項

A.thefifthgraders

B.thescientists

C.thewindows

D.theproposals

問題4選項

A.findingfacts

B.findingplans

C.findingideas

D.findingsolutions

問題5選項

A.Theteamsneedtomakeaconsultation.

B.Theteamswouldliketopersuadehim.

C.Thedesignsoftheteamsreachedahighlevel.

D.Thedesignsoftheteamsgothissupport.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“關(guān)于這三個團(tuán)隊的結(jié)論，好消息是什么？”。從第一段Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.（好消息是與技術(shù)學(xué)結(jié)盟的創(chuàng)造性訓(xùn)練效果出乎意料的好）和后面三個研究團(tuán)隊得出的結(jié)論Creativitycanbetaught.（創(chuàng)造力可以被教授），可以得出關(guān)于這三個團(tuán)隊的結(jié)論的好消息是創(chuàng)造性訓(xùn)練與新的科技相吻合；A選項“進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模分析”和B選項“三個團(tuán)隊都得出了結(jié)論”不是關(guān)于結(jié)論的好消息，D選項“創(chuàng)造力能夠被強(qiáng)烈的影響”不夠具體，因此C選項正確。

52.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“分散和聚合思維發(fā)生在哪里？”。第二段提到Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.（真正的進(jìn)步不會發(fā)生在周末的研討會上。但如果應(yīng)用到日常工作或?qū)W習(xí)過程中，大腦功能就會得到提高）；由此推斷分散和聚合思維發(fā)生在日常工作和學(xué)習(xí)中，A項“不同階段”沒有提到；B項“實驗中”包括在學(xué)校工作里面；C項“周末研討會”錯誤。因此D項正確。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干的意思是“課題的主題是什么？”。第三段提到theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.（學(xué)校的老師們給五年級的學(xué)生們提出了一個課題：如何減少圖書館的噪音。它的窗戶面向公共空間，即使關(guān)上了仍然有很大的噪音。學(xué)生們有四周的時間來設(shè)計方案）；由此可知課題是就如何減少圖書館的噪音做方案。A項是“五年級”，B項是“科學(xué)家”，C項是“窗戶”，D項是“方案”；因此D項正確。

54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)作者，在這個項目中，五年級學(xué)生團(tuán)隊做以下幾個步驟除了……以外？”。第四段講述的都是五年級團(tuán)隊為這個項目所做的一些行動，文中提到了fact-finding,problem-finding,idea-finding和solution-finding，由此可知只有B項“發(fā)現(xiàn)計劃”沒有提到，所以此題選B選項。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“小組把設(shè)計方案提交給JimWest暗示了什么？”。最后一段指出Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.（團(tuán)隊說服了其他團(tuán)隊支持他們，有時候情況好到各團(tuán)隊決定把設(shè)計方案結(jié)合在一起；最后，他們向老師、家長和電子麥克風(fēng)的發(fā)明者吉姆?韋斯特（JimWest）展示了設(shè)計方案），可以推測，他們是想要咨詢老師，父母和JimWest的意見，B項“團(tuán)隊說服了Jim”、C項“設(shè)計方案達(dá)到了更高的級別”和D項“團(tuán)隊得到了Jim的支持”均未提到。因此此題選A選項。

2.單選題

Aspeoplecontinuetogrowandage,ourbodysystemscontinuetochange.Atacertainpointinyourlife,yourbodysystembegantoweaken.Yourjointmaybecomestiff.Itmaybecomemoredifficultforyoutoseeandhear.Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury.Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtosloworstopthisprocessthatleadsustowardtheendofourlives.

Manyfactorscontributetoyourhealth.Awell-balanceddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandtypeofexercisesyougetisanotherfactor.Yourlivingenvironmentandtheamountofstressyouareunderisyetanother.Butscientistsstudyingsenescencewanttoknow:Whydopeoplegrowold?Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.

Thereisnothingtobeafraidofasoldageapproaches.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.

Whatweconsideroldagenowmayonlybemiddle-agedsomedaysoon.Whoknowswithsomanyadvancesinmedicalsciencehappeningsoquickly,lifespansmayonedaybemeasuredincenturies,ratherthaninyears!

1.Whenpeoplebecomeaging,theywilllosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury,“bounceback”heremeans（）.

2.Inordertolivelonger,（）.

3.Whyaresomescientistsinterestedinstudyingsenescence?

4.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeofliving,because（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,“spans”means（）.

問題1選項

A.toimproveinhealthafterone’sdiseaseandinjury

B.torunfast

C.torecoverfromdiseaseandinjury

D.tojumpafterrecovering

問題2選項

A.weshouldpostponetheprocessofaging

B.weshouldtrytodosomeexercise

C.wehavetotrytobeonadiet

D.weshouldkeepinhighspirits

問題3選項

A.Theymaybeabletofindbetterwaystoourlife.

B.Iftheypindownthebiochemicalprocessthatmakesusage,therewillbehopeforextendingthelengthoflife.

C.Theywantfindoutifthereisalinkbetweenhowefficientlyacellcouldrepairitselfandhowlongacreaturelives.

D.Theywanttoincreasethegeneralabilityofourbodies.

問題4選項

A.theyhaveaverygoodunderstandingofthemselvesandtheoutsideworld

B.theyhavenothingtodoalldaylongonlytowatchtheirgrandchildrengrowinguparoundthem

C.theyhavecomethroughthebattleoflifesafely

D.theyconsidertheirlifehasbeenasuccessfulone

問題5選項

A.alongperiodoftime

B.alengthoftime

C.alongdistancefromoneplacetoanother

D.longevity

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第五句“Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheir

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtoslowor

3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.”他們希望通過在細(xì)胞層次上研究衰老過程，醫(yī)學(xué)可能延長人們的壽命。選項B符合原文。

4.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.”選項A符合原文。

5.詞匯推斷題。根據(jù)原文句意：lifespans將來也許會以幾個世紀(jì)來計算，而不是以幾年來計算。由此可推斷，spans指時間的長短。所以選項B正確。

3.單選題

Hetriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas（

）detailsthatwouldbesettledlaterafterhefinisheddealingwiththeimportantones.

問題1選項

A.versatile

B.trivial

C.preliminary

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項versatile“通用的，多才多藝的”；B選項trivial“瑣碎的”；C選項preliminary“初步的”；D選項alternate“交替的，輪流的”。句意：他試圖把這些問題當(dāng)作雞毛蒜皮的小事置之不理，等他處理完重要的問題后再解決。選項B符合句意。

4.單選題

Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.Thedecisionwhichfaceshimisnot,Ithinkoneofpracticalaction:ofcoursehewilltrytothrowhisweightintothescale,andthatweight,ifheisawriterorevenapainterofgenius,mayhaveitseffect.Forthenovelist—inoursocietytheonlyartistwhohasamassaudienceandatthesametimeeffectiveeconomiccontrolofmeansofaddressing—thehopeofsomedecisiveinfluenceisareasonableone.Forhim,sincehetakesofallartistswhatisprobablethelargestportionofhiscultureasmaterial,thereisnomoreescapefromthenecessityfortreatingthecontentofhisworkseriouslythanthereisforthesocialpsychologistheiscomingsocloselytoresemble.Thedichotomywhichpeoplehavetriedtoestablishbetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontentisbecomingunbearabletoalmostallsensitiveminds.Idoubtifithasevenbeenreal——wemighthaveadmiredShelleyasmuchifhehadbeenindifferenttosuchthingsaswarandtyranny,thoughIdoubtit,certainlyhadhebeenindifferentweshouldneverhavebeenledbyhim.

AlbertCamusseemstometobethefirstmodemwriter,thoughIamcertainhewillnotbethelast,toputtheproblemofresponsibilityinspecificterms:“Ionlyknow”,hewrote,“thatinthisworldtherearepestilencesandtherearevictims,anditisuptousnottoallyourselveswiththepestilences.Forthemedicalscientist,whoknowsthathemayquitewellbecalledupontodaytouseliteralpestilences,ofmindandofbodyinpsychologicalandbacteriologicalwarfarethatstatementhasmeaningclearer,Ithink,andmoreimperativethanitsauthorintended.Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegianceisthesameitisthepestilencewhich,throughthespreadofirrationalfearsandirrationalhatreds,throughtheacceptanceofcoercion,throughtheneglectofwhatonecanonlycallsocialandpersonalsanitationorabiologicalhumanobligationinourattitudestosociety,leadsustoforgetwhoweareandwhoourfellowmenare;thepestilencewhichexterminates‘gooks’ordissidents,whichapologizesfortortureandmassacreinanyshapeorform,whetheritbecalledforthemomentrevolutionorcollectivesecurity,thepestilenceofatombombsandconcentrationcamps.Inthelastresort,thereisonlyoneethicallysatisfactoryreplytothatpestilence:anunqualifiedandunargued‘No’.This‘No’doesnotspring.Ithink,fromanyidealisticormetaphysicalimperative,butsimplyfromthefactthatbysayinganythingelseweshouldceasetobehumanbeings.”

1.Whattheauthorarguesforinparagraph1is（

）.

2.ThequotationheretakenfromAlbertCamushelpsustoillustrate（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrongaccordingtothisselection?

4.Theword“allegiance”inthisselectionmeans（

）.

5.Generallyspeaking,theidealreaderofthisselectionis（

）.

問題1選項

A.totellthereadersomenewidea

B.thatthewritershouldundertakehissocialresponsibilityandinsistontheunitybetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontent

C.thatsomedecisiveinfluenceofanovelistnosocietyisareasonableone

D.thatanartisthaseffectonsociety

問題2選項

A.thatthepestilenceisthetargetenemy

B.thathowweshallfightagainstthepestilence

C.thesocialresponsibilityofboththescientistandtheartist

D.whatthepestilenceis

問題3選項

A.Althoughanovelistcannotproduceimmediatepracticalinfluenceonsociety,hecanthrowhisweighintothescale.

B.Becauseoftheexistingpestilence,wehaveto,byhookorbycrook,fightagainstitwhiletotallyforgettingthataswewipeoutthepestilence,weareunconsciouslyexterminatingmankind.

C.Thefallacyofdichotomybetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontentisrefuted

D.Boththescientistandtheartistexistinsocietyashumanbeings,andtheiractionswillcertainlybringagreatinfluenceonsociety.

問題4選項

A.duty

B.support

C.devotion

D.allowance

問題5選項

A.theartist

B.thescientist

C.thepolitician

D.thesociologist

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段第一句Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.與科學(xué)家的實際直接責(zé)任相比，藝術(shù)家的責(zé)任勢必顯得微不足道，但同時作者指出二分法是不合適的，因此作者在此主張藝術(shù)水平和藝術(shù)內(nèi)容的統(tǒng)一，確定B選項‘作家應(yīng)當(dāng)肩負(fù)起應(yīng)有的社會責(zé)任，堅持藝術(shù)水平與藝術(shù)內(nèi)容的統(tǒng)一‘符合題意。

2.根據(jù)第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance,isthesame...：但是無論對于作為傳染病的天敵的科學(xué)家，還是對于人性代表的藝術(shù)家，由于我們時代傳染病流行，就都要求他們獻(xiàn)身?；镜膫魅静λ麄儊碇v是相同的。確定C選項‘科學(xué)家和藝術(shù)家都有社會責(zé)任‘正確。

3.根據(jù)第一段：Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.與科學(xué)家的實際且立竿見影的責(zé)任相比，藝術(shù)家的責(zé)任勢必顯得微不足道。Thedecisionwhichfaceshimisnot,Ithink,oneofpracticalaction:ofcoursehewilltrytothrowhisweightintothescale：他們面臨著要做出的判斷，我認(rèn)為，并不是需要立即付諸實施的。當(dāng)然，他會把他的法碼放到天平上去。確定A選項‘盡管小說家不能對社會產(chǎn)生實際且立竿見影的影響，但是他可以把他的法碼放到天平上去‘正確。根據(jù)第一段：Thedichotomywhichpeoplehavetriedtoestablishbetweenartisticproficiencyandartisticcontentisbecomingunbearabletoalmostallsensitiveminds.人們企圖建立藝術(shù)水平和藝術(shù)內(nèi)容不相干的雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，每個頭腦敏銳的人對此都不能忍受。確定C選項‘藝術(shù)水平和藝術(shù)內(nèi)容雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的謬論遭到反對’正確。根據(jù)第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance：但是無論對于作為傳染病的天敵的科學(xué)家，還是對于人性代表的藝術(shù)家，由于我們時代傳染病流行，就都要求他們獻(xiàn)身。確定D選項‘在人類社會中，科學(xué)家和藝術(shù)家的行動都將給社會帶來重大影響‘正確。運(yùn)用排除法，確定B選項符合題意。

4.根據(jù)第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance...：但是無論對于作為傳染病的天敵的科學(xué)家，還是對于人性代表的藝術(shù)家，由于我們時代傳染病流行，就都要求他們獻(xiàn)身。確定C選項‘獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠‘正確。A選項’職責(zé)，責(zé)任‘、B選項’支持‘和D選項’津貼，限額‘排除。

5.根據(jù)第一段：Comparedwiththeimmediatepracticalresponsibilityofthescientist,theresponsibilityoftheartistmustseempuny.與科學(xué)家的實際直接責(zé)任相比，藝術(shù)家的責(zé)任勢必顯得微不足道。和第二段：Butforthescientistasgeneralenemyofpestilences,andtheartistasgeneralrepresentativeofhumanity,thebasicpestilencewhich,byitsepidemicspreadinourtimechallengeshisallegiance：但是無論對于作為傳染病的天的科學(xué)家，還是對于人性代表的藝術(shù)家，由于我們時代傳染病流行，就都要求他們獻(xiàn)身。確定本文是講作為藝術(shù)家的社會責(zé)任問題，最適合的讀者是社會學(xué)家，而藝術(shù)家最合適的閱讀材料是當(dāng)時相關(guān)的藝術(shù)作品。最后推測D選項‘社會學(xué)家‘符合題意。

5.翻譯題

當(dāng)中國成為世界上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體時，我們會有什么感受？答案不用多久就會揭曉。幾周前國際貨幣基金組織發(fā)布一項報告指出，中國將會在五年內(nèi)成為世界第一大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。

隨著中國日益崛起成為超級經(jīng)濟(jì)大國，一國的財富與個人財富的聯(lián)系正在被打破。中國既比西方國家富有，也比西方國家貧窮，它坐擁3萬億美元的外匯儲備，然而如果按當(dāng)前匯率來計算，美國的人均財力是中國的十倍。

美國社會的相對富裕正是中國成為世界最大經(jīng)濟(jì)體之時卻不能成為世界最強(qiáng)國的原因之一。人們習(xí)慣性地把美國當(dāng)成是世界唯一超級大國，這也讓美國的世界政治主導(dǎo)地位比其經(jīng)濟(jì)地位更加長久。美國在世界各大機(jī)構(gòu)中都有根深蒂固的地位。有一個很重要的事實是，聯(lián)合國，國際貨幣基金組織以及世界銀行均坐落于美國。中國由于經(jīng)濟(jì)實力的崛起而引發(fā)的政治問題，其鄰國的感受最為強(qiáng)烈。日本、南韓和澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和戰(zhàn)略利益正在日益分歧，這三個國家都與中國有非常重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系，同時它們與美國也有相當(dāng)重要的軍事聯(lián)系。但是隨著時間的推移，中國的不斷增長的經(jīng)濟(jì)力量將會變得越來越舉足輕重。

【答案】HowwillitfeelwhenChinabecomestheworld’slargesteconomy?Theanswermaybefoundoutquitesoon.Afewweeksago,theInternationalMonetaryFundissuedareportthatChinawouldbenumberonewithinfiveyears.andmoreheavily.

AsChinaemergesasaneconomicsuperpower,theconnectionbetweennationalandpersonalaffluenceisbeingbroken.Chinaisbothricherandpoorerthanthewesternworld.Itissittingonforeignreservesworth$3trillion.Andyet,measuredatcurrentexchangerates,theaverageAmericanisabout10timesaswealthyastheaverageChinese.

TherelativeaffluenceofUSsocietyisonereasonwhyChinawillnotbecometheworld’smostpowerfulcountryonthedaythatitbecomesthelargesteconomy.Theworld’shabitoflookingtotheUSasthe“solesuperpower”alsomakesitlikelythatAmerica’spoliticaldominancewilloutlastitseconomicsupremacy.Americahasanentrenchedpositioninglobalinstitutions.ItmattersthattheUnitedNations,theIMFandtheWorldBankareallsituatedintheUS.

ThepoliticalquestionsraisedbyitseconomicpowerwillbefeltmostacutelyinChina’simmediateneighbourhood.Japan,SouthKoreaandAustralianowfindthattheireconomicandstrategicinterestsarepointingindifferentdirections.AllthreecountrieshavetheirmostimportanteconomicrelationshipwithChina,andtheirmostimportantmilitaryrelationshipwiththeUS.But,overtime,thegrowingeconomicpowerofChinawillweighmoreandmoreheavily.

6.單選題

ThereareseveralpossibleexplanationsforthegreatjobstabilityinSouthKoreathegreatmobilityintheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.contraryto

B.inregardto

C.incontrastto

D.withrespectto

【答案】C

【解析】短語搭配題。A選項contraryto與…相反，違反；B選項inregardto關(guān)于；C選項incontrastto與……形成對比；D選項withrespectto關(guān)于，至于。句意：與美國巨大的流動性相比，朝鮮在好工作上的穩(wěn)定性有幾種可能的解釋。根據(jù)句意和搭配，正確答案為C項。

7.單選題

Yourexcusethatanelephantfellonyouandmadeyoulateisjust（

）.

問題1選項

A.inevitable

B.incredible

C.indispensable

D.incurable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inevitable意為“不可避免的”；incredible意為“不能相信的，難以置信的”；indispensable意為“不可或缺的，必不可少的”；incurable意為“無法治愈的”。由“anelephantfellonyou（一只大象落在你身上）”導(dǎo)致遲到這樣的借口，通常會讓人覺得這是難以置信的，因此選B。

句意：你找的借口說一只大象落在你身上，使你遲到了，這根本是不可信的。

8.單選題

Thefirstmistakeistothinkofmankindasathinginitself.Itisn’t.Itispartofanintricateweboflife.Andwecan’tthinkevenoflifeasathinginitself.Itisn’t.ItispartoftheintricatestructureofaplanetbathedbyenergyfromtheSun.

TheEarth,inthenearly5billionyearssinceitassumedapproximatelyitspresentform,hasundergoneavastevolution.Whenitfirstcameintobeing,itverylikelylackedwhatwewouldtodaycallanoceanandanatmosphere.Thesewereformedbythegradualoutwardmovementofmaterialasthesolidinteriorsettledtogether.

Norwereocean,atmosphere,andsolidcrustindependentofeachotherafterformation.Thereisinteractionalways:evaporation,condensation,solution,weathering.Farwithinthesolidcrustthereareslow,continuingchanges,too,ofwhichhotsprings,volcanoes,andearth-quakesarethemorenoticeablemanifestationshereonthesurface.

Between2billionand3billionyearsago,portionsofthesurfacewater,bathedbytheenergeticradiationfromtheSun,developedcomplicatedcompoundsinorganizationsufficientlyversatiletoqualifyaswhatwecall“l(fā)ife”.Lifeformshavebecomemorecomplexandmorevariouseversince.

ButthelifeformsareasmuchpartofthestructureoftheEarthasanyinanimateportionis.Itisallaninseparablepartofawhole.Ifanyanimalisisolatedtotallyfromotherformsoflife,thendeathbystarvationwillsurelyfollow.Ifisolatedfromwater,deathbyasphyxiationwillfollowstillfaster.IfisolatedfromtheSun,animalswillsurviveforatime,butplantswoulddie,andifallplantsdied,allanimalwouldstarve.

Itworksinreverse,too,fortheinanimateportionofEarthisshapedandmoldedbylife.Thenatureoftheatmospherehasbeenchangedbyplantactivity(whichaddstotheairthefreeoxygenitcouldnototherwiseretain).Thesoilisturnedbyearthworms,whileenormousoceanreefsareformedbycoral.

Theentireplanet,plussolarenergy,isoneenormousintricatelyinterrelatedsystem.Theentireplanetisalifeformmadeupofnonlivingportionsandalargevarietyoflivingportions(asourownbodyismadeupofnonlivingcrystalsinbonesandnonlivingwaterinblood,aswellasofalargevarietyoflivingportions).

Infact,wecanpursuetheanalogy.Amanisof50trillioncellsofavarietyoftypes,allinterrelatedandinterdependent.Lossofsomeofthosecells,suchasthosemakingupanentire,willseriouslyhandicapalltherestoftheorganism:seriousdamagetoarelativelyfewcellsinanorgan,suchastheheartorkidneys,mayendbykillingall50trillion.

Inthesameway,onplanetaryscale,thechoppingdownofanentireforestmaynotthreatenEarth’slifeingeneral,butitwillproduceseriouschangesinthelifeformsoftheregionandeveninthenatureofthewaterrunoffand,therefore,inthedetailsofgeologicalstructure.Aseriousdeclineinthebeepopulationwillaffectthenumbersofthoseplantsthatdependonbeesforfertilization,thenthenumbersofthoseanimalsthatdependonthoseparticularbee-fertilizedplants,andsoon.

Orconsidercellgrowth.Cellsinthoseorgansthatsufferconstantwearandtear—asintheskinorintheintestinallining—growandmultiplyalllifelong.Othercells,notsoexposed,asinnerveandmuscle,donotmultiplyatallintheadult,underanycircumstances.Stillotherorgans,ordinarilyquiescent,asliverandbone,standreadytogrowifthatisnecessarytoreplacedamage.Whentheproperrepairsaremade,growthstops.

Inamuchlooserandmoreflexibleway,thesameistrueofdie“planetorganism”(whichwestudyinthesciencecalledecology).Ifcougarsgrowtoonumerous,thedeertheyliveonaredecimated,andsomeofthecougarsdieofstarvation,sothattheir“propernumber”isrestored.Iftoomanycougarsdie,thendeermultiplywithparticularrapidity,andcougarsmultiplyquicklyinturn,tilltheadditionalpredatorsbringdownthenumberofdeeragain.Barringinterferencefromoutside,theeatersandtheeatenretaintheirpropernumbers,andbotharethebetterforit.

Theneateconomyofgrowthwithinanorganismsuchasahumanbeingissometimes—forwhatreason,weknownot—disrupted,andagroupofcellsbeginsgrowingwithoutlimit.Thisisthedreaddiseaseofcancer,andunlessthatgrowinggroupofcellsissomehowstopped,thewildgrowthwillthrowallthebodystructureoutoftrueandendbykillingtheorganismitself.

Inecology,thesamewouldhappeningif,forsomereason,oneparticulartypeoforganismbegantomultiplywithoutlimit,killingitscompetitorsandincreasingitsownfoodsupplyattheexpenseofthatofothers.That,too,couldendinthedestructionofthelargersystem—mostoralloflifeandevenofcertainaspectsoftheinanimateenvironment.

Andthisisexactlywhatishappeningatthismoment.Forthousandsofyears,thesinglespeciesHomosapiens,towhichyouandIhavethedubioushonorofbelonging,hasbeenincreasinginnumbers.Inthepastcoupleofcenturies,therateofincreasehasitselfincreasedexplosively.

AtthetimeofJuliusCaesar,whenEarth’shumanpopulationisestimatedtohavebeen150million,thatpopulationwasincreasingatratethatitwoulddoublein1000yearsifthatrateremainedsteady.Today,withEarth’spopulationestimatedatabout4000million,itisincreasingataratewhich,ifsteady,willcauseittodoublein35years.

ThepresentrateofincreaseofEarth’sswarminghumanpopulationqualifiesasanecologicalcancer,whichwilldestroytheecologyjustassurelyasanyordinarycancerwoulddestroyanorganism.

Thecure?Justwhatitisforanycancer.Thecancerousgrowthmustsomehowbestopped.

Ofcourse,itwillbe.Ifwedonothingatall,thegrowthwillstop,asacancerousgrowthinamanwillstopifnothingisdone.Themandiesandthecancerdieswithit.

Howcanthehumanpopulationexplosionbestopped?Byraisingthedeathrateorbyloweringthebirthrate.Therearenootheralternatives.Thedeathratewillrisespontaneouslyandfinallycatastrophically,ifwedonothing—andthatwithinafewdecades.Tomakethebirthratefall,somehow,issurelypreferable,andthatisthereforethefirstorderofmankind’sbusinesstoday.

Failingthis,mankindwouldstandatthebarofabstractjusticeasthemassmurdereroflifegenerally,hisownincluded,andmassdisrupteroftheintricateplanetarydevelopmentthatmadelifeinitspresentglorypossibleinthefirstplace.

1.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theanalogybetweentheentireplanetandthehumanbodyisbasedonallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.

3.Accordingtothearticle,whatisNOTtrueaboutthepopulationintheworld?

4.In“Failingthis,mankindwouldstandatthebarofabstractjustice”(lastparagraph),whichofthefollowingdoes“this”referto?

5.“Theneateconomyofgrowthwithinorganism”(12thparagraph)means______.

問題1選項

A.Ittooktheuniverse5billionyearstoformtheearth.

B.Evaporation,condensation,solution,weatheringarefourmajorfactorsthatcontributedtotheformationoftheearth.

C.Lifeformswerefirstdevelopedindeepwaterbetween2billionand3billionyearsago.

D.Lifeisasmuch,partofthestructureoftheEarthasanyinanimateportionisandinreverse,theinanimateportionoftheEarthisshapedandmodifiedbylife.

問題2選項

A.Theyarebothcomposedofnonlivingportionsandalargevarietyoflivingportions.

B.Theyarebothenormouslyintricateandinterrelatedsystems.

C.Theyarebothmadeupof50trillioncellsofavarietyoftypes,allinterrelatedandinterdependent.

D.Theiroverallgrowthmaybedisruptedifagroupofcellsoraparticulartypeoforganismbeginstogrowwithoutlimit.

問題3選項

A.Forthousandsofyears,humanpopulationhasbeenincreasinginnumber.

B.AtthetimeofJuliusCaesar,humanpopulationwasincreasingslowly.

C.Today,theEarth’spopulationisestimatedtodoublein35years.

D.Ifwedonothingatall,thegrowthoftheEarth’spopulationwillneverstop.

問題4選項

A.Thehumanpopulationexplosionbeingstopped.

B.Raisingthedeathrateorloweringthe