考研考博-英語-廣州大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thisproblemshouldbediscussedfirstforittakes（）overalltheotherissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precedence

B.prosperity

C.presumption

D.probability

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precedence“優(yōu)先，居先”；B選項(xiàng)prosperity“繁榮，成功”；C選項(xiàng)presumption“放肆，傲慢”；D選項(xiàng)probability“可能性，機(jī)率”。句意：這個問題應(yīng)該（）討論，因?yàn)樗绕渌麊栴}都重要。本句表示的是“這個問題應(yīng)該優(yōu)先討論”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Bythemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,paintersandsculptorsintheUnitedStateshadbeguntoexert______overart.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreatworldwideinfluence

B.influenceworldwideagreat

C.influenceagreatworldwide

D.aworldwideinfluencegreat

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞前的形容詞順序問題。很多個形容詞修飾名詞，其先后順序?yàn)閿?shù)量、大小、新舊、顏色、產(chǎn)地、材料、名詞性形容詞；句意：到了二十世紀(jì)中葉，在美國的畫家和雕塑家開始在世界范圍內(nèi)對藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生重大影響。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

KnowingthathehadbeenadmittedtoCambridgeUniversity,hewastooexcitedtobe（

）onthephone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coincidental

B.identical

C.same

D.coherent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。coincidental“巧合的，一致的”；identical“相同的，同一的”；same“相同的”；coherent“連貫的”。句意：得知被劍橋大學(xué)錄取，他太過于激動以至于在電話中話都說不連貫。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields.TheyholdthehighestpoliticalofficesfromThailandtoBrazil,CostaRicatoAustralia.AwomanholdsthetopspotattheInternationalMonetaryFund;anotherwontheNobelPrizeineconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana-intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.

Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren’tallowedtodrive.InPakistan,1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.

Tomeasurethestateofwomen’sprogress.Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen’slives:treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.

CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprises.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakeadifference,”saysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.

Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan’tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscan’taccountfordifferencesofopinion.

Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid.“Thereisastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpoliticalstability.Fewermilitaryconflicts.Morefood.Moreeducationalopportunityforchildren.Byharnessingtheeconomicpotentialofallwomen,weboostopportunityforallpeople.

21.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutwomen’sprogresssofar?

22.Inwhatcountrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress?

23.WhatdoNewsweekrankingsrevealaboutwomeninCanada?

24.WhatdoesAnne-MarieGoetzthinkofawomanbeinginanation’stopoffice?

25.WhatdoesHillaryClintonsuggestwedotomaketheworldabetterplace?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.

B.Itistooremarkabletobemeasured.

C.Ithasgreatlychangedwomen’sfate.

D.Itisachievedthroughhardstruggle.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wherewomenholdkeypostsingovernment.

B.Wherewomen’srightsareprotectedbylaw.

C.Wherewomen’sparticipationinmanagementishigh.

D.Wherewomenenjoybettereducationandhealthcare.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theycareliteaboutpoliticalparticipation.

B.Theyaregenerallytreatedasequalsbymen.

C.Theyhaveasurprisinglylowsocialstatus.

D.Theyareunderrepresentedinpolitics.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itdoesnotnecessarilyraisewomen’spoliticalawareness.

B.Itdoesnotguaranteeabetterlifeforthenation’swomen.

C.Itenhanceswomen’sstatus.

D.Itboostswomen’sconfidence.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Givewomenmorepoliticalpower.

B.Stimulatewomen’screativity.

C.Allowwomenaccesstoeducation.

D.Tapwomen’seconomicpotential.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】21、【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“women’sprogress”可定位到第一段的第一句話“Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields”（21世紀(jì)剛剛過去10年，女性在各個領(lǐng)域都取得了進(jìn)步），然后第一段緊接著介紹了女性取得了哪些進(jìn)步。再根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Butholdtheapplause”（但是別急著鼓掌）可知第二段又講述了在某些國家女性的狀況沒有那么好。所以可以推測本題女性雖然取得了進(jìn)步，但是還不夠，即A選項(xiàng)“還有需要進(jìn)步的地方”；B、C、D選項(xiàng)沒有原文依據(jù)，所以排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

22、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干“countrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress”可定位到第四段第一句話“CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化)”（得分最高的國家往往集中在西方，那里性別歧視是違法的以及憲法保護(hù)男女平等權(quán)利），所以B選項(xiàng)“婦女權(quán)利受到法律保護(hù)”說法正確。女性擔(dān)任國家最高職務(wù)不完全意味著總體上女性的生活會更好，所以可以排除A、C選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Newsweekrankings”定位到第三段的第二句話“Newsweekranked165countries”。根據(jù)上下文都是講的排名情況，再由第四段“Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower”可知是對前文的舉例說明，即“Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation”（其他一些排名靠前的國家在政治代表方面的得分相對較低），也就是表明加拿大的女性在政治代表方面的得分較低，因此D選項(xiàng)“她們在政治上的代表不足”符合題意。A、B、C選項(xiàng)與加拿大的情況無關(guān)，所以排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

24、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到本文的第四段。根據(jù)上下文可知，引用Anne-MarieGoetz的話是為了說明前面的內(nèi)容，即第四段倒數(shù)第二句話“Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly”（這是否意味著，女性擔(dān)任國家最高職務(wù)就意味著總體上女性的生活會更好？不完全是。）因此B選項(xiàng)“它不能保證這個國家的婦女過上更好的生活”說法正確。其余選項(xiàng)在原文中無相關(guān)表述。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

25、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“HillaryClinton”定位到第六段第二句話，緊接著第三句話為她的觀點(diǎn)即“‘Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,’shesaid…forallpeople”，以上均為maketheworldabetterplace的具體表現(xiàn)，但是總結(jié)來說就是D選項(xiàng)“挖掘女性經(jīng)濟(jì)潛力”，且tap為harnessing的近義詞。A、B、C選項(xiàng)不是HillaryClinton的建議，她的建議主要是在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，所以排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.填空題

Businessandgovernmentleadersconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneralindicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrisesinprices.Whenyourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget（1）forthesameamountofmoneyasbefore，inflationistheproblem.Thereisageneralrise（2）thepricesandservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasatimewhen“adollarisnotworthadollaranymore”.

Inflationisaproblemforallconsumers.Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurtthebest.Retiredpeople，forinstancecannotcount（3）anincreaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceseriousproblemsinstretchingtheirincomesto（4）theirneedsintimeofinflation.Retirementincomeoranyfixedincomeusuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheirspendingtokeepupwithrisingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop（5）somenecessaryitems，suchasfoodandclothing.Evenforworkingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingup，inflationcanbeaproblem.Thecostoflivinggoes（6），too.Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving.Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeeppacewith（7）prices，thestandardoflivinggoesdown.Peoplemaybeearningthesame（8）ofmoney，buttheyarenotlivingaswellbecausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.

Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyandpublishitaspriceindexesfrom（9）therateofchangecanbedetermined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepriceforagivenyearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100，andtheotherpricesarereportedasapercentageofthebaseprice.Apriceindexmakes（10）possibletocomparecurrentpricesoftypicalconsumergoods，forexample，withpricesofthesamegoodsinpreviousyear.

【答案】1.less

2.in

3.on

4.meet

5.buying

6.down

7.rising

8.amount

9.which

10.it

【解析】1.考查前后邏輯?？崭裉幩诰渥拥那耙痪浣忉屃耸裁词峭ㄘ浥蛎洠合M(fèi)需求增加，物價(jià)上漲，從而貨幣貶值。用同樣的錢買到的東西比以前要少，所以空格處填less。

2.考查固定搭配。在某些方面增加用介詞in。

3.考查固定搭配。counton“指望，依靠”，退休人員指望不上收入能夠隨著物價(jià)上漲而增加。

4.考查固定搭配。meetone’sneeds“滿足某人的需要”，老年人在通貨膨脹的時(shí)代無法讓自己的收入來滿足自己的需求。

5.考查動詞用法?？崭裉幩诰渥拥那耙痪渚湟馐牵涸S多退休人員為了跟上上漲的物價(jià)，必須要縮減自己的開支。由此可知他們放棄了很多需要購買的東西，buying符合題意。

6.考查固定搭配。godown“下降”。由于通貨膨脹，導(dǎo)致了生活開支水平下降。

7.考查前后邏輯。全文一直提到物價(jià)上漲，空格處需要填寫的也是一個表示物價(jià)增長的詞，rising符合題意。

8.考查固定搭配。thesameamountof“同等數(shù)量的”。

9.考查定語從句。定語從句用來修飾priceindexes（價(jià)格指數(shù)），which符合題意。

10.考查固定用法。makeitpossible“使它成為可能”。

6.單選題

Mentalandphysicalhealthprofessionalsmayconsiderreferringclientsandpatientstoamusictherapistforanumberofreasons.Itseemsaparticularlygoodchoiceforthesocialworkerwhoiscoordinatingaclient’scase.Musictherapistsusemusictoestablisharelationshipwiththepatientandtoimprovethepatient’shealth,usinghighlystructuredmusicalinteractions.Patientsandtherapistsmaysing,playinstruments,andcomposemusic,dance,orsimplylistentomusic,dance,orsimplylistentomusic.

Thecourseoftrainingformusictherapistsiscomprehensive.Inadditiontotheirformalmusicalandtherapytraining,musictherapistsaretaughttodiscernwhatkindsofinterventionswillbemostbeneficialforeachindividualpatient.Sinceeachpatientisdifferentandhasdifferentgoals,themusictherapistmustbeabletounderstandthePatient’ssituationandchoosethemusicandactivitiesthatwilldothemosttowardhelpingthepatientachievehisorhergoals.Thereferringsocialworkercanhelpthisprocessbyclearlyarticulatingeachclient'shistory.

Althoughpatientsmaydeveloptheirmusicalskills,thatisnotthemaingoalofmusictherapy.Anyclientwhoneedsparticularworkoncommunicationoronacademic,—emotionalandsocialskills,andwhoisnotrespondingtotraditionaltherapy,isanexcellentcandidateformusictherapy.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestorganizesthemaintopicsaddressedinthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

3.Accordingtoinformationpresentedinthepassage,musictherapycanbeprescribedforsocialworkclientswho（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowinginferencescanbedrawnfromthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ITheroleofmusictherapyinsocialworkIILocatingamusictherapistIIIHowtotrainmusictherapists

B.IUsingmusicintherapyIIAtypicalmusictherapyinterventionIIIWhentoprescribemusictherapyforsociopaths

C.IMusictherapyandsocialworkIITrainingformusictherapistsIIISkillsaddressedbymusictherapy

D.IHowtochooseamusictherapistIIWhentorefertoamusictherapistIIIWhobenefitsthemostfrommusictherapy

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoUseMusictoCombatDepression

B.MusicTherapy:ARoleinSocialWork?

C.TrainingforaCareerinMusicTherapy

D.TheSocialWorkerasMusicTherapist

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.needtodevelopcopingskills

B.wereorphanedaschildren

C.needtoresolvefamilyissues

D.needtoimprovesocialskills

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Musictherapycansucceedwheretraditionaltherapieshavefailed.

B.Musictherapyisarelativelynewfield.

C.Musictherapyisparticularlybeneficialforyoungchildren.

D.Musictherapyisonlyappropriateinalimitednumberofcircumstances.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨概括題。題目提問‘下列哪項(xiàng)最好地組織了這篇文章的主題?’文章共三段，第一段的主要話題是音樂療法與社會工作，第二段的主題是音樂理療師的培訓(xùn)，第三段是音樂療法的目的及針對的主要人群，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨概括題。題目提問‘以下哪個是這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題？’由上一題可知文章的主要講音樂療法與社會工作，所以B選項(xiàng)‘音樂療法：在社會中的角色’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題目提問‘根據(jù)信息的通道，音樂療法可以為…….社會工作客戶治療？’根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句“Anyclientwhoneedsparticularworkoncommunicationoronacademic,—emotionalandsocialskills,andwhoisnotrespondingtotraditionaltherapy,isanexcellentcandidateformusictherapy.任何需要在溝通或?qū)W術(shù)、情感和社交技能方面進(jìn)行特殊工作的客戶，如果對傳統(tǒng)療法沒有反應(yīng)，都是音樂療法的最佳人選?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘需要發(fā)展應(yīng)對技巧’正確。

4.推斷題。題目提問‘下列哪個推論可以從文章中得出?’，所以直接看選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)‘在傳統(tǒng)療法失敗的地方，音樂療法都能成功’表達(dá)過于絕對，與文中的“對傳統(tǒng)的心理療法不起作用的病人可以參加音樂療法培訓(xùn)”不符，排除；C選項(xiàng)‘音樂療法尤其有益于幼兒’不正確，因?yàn)槲闹卸紱]有提及幼兒，排除；根據(jù)文中最后一句“對傳統(tǒng)治療方法不起作用的任何人都是音樂療法的最佳人選”確定音樂療法的適用性很廣，所以D選項(xiàng)‘音樂療法僅僅適用于有限的情況’不正確。根據(jù)排除法及常識可推知B選項(xiàng)‘音樂療法是一個比較新的領(lǐng)域’正確。

7.單選題

Gettingupisaneveryday（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.happening

B.occurrence

C.incident

D.event

【答案】B

【解析】句意:起床是天天都發(fā)生的事。

考查近義詞辨析。Happening事情(偶然或未能預(yù)見而發(fā)生的事);occurrence事情，事件（可指意外或計(jì)劃中的事情，也可指普通家庭中的事情）;incident事件，事變，插曲（尤指導(dǎo)致紛爭的沖突事端）;event事件,大事尤指重大事件）。由關(guān)鍵信息“gettingup”、“everyday”可知B項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Scientists,whoarenowawareofhownautilusesregulatetheirbuoyancy,havebeenabletodispel（

）ideasaboutthesecreatures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.erroneous

B.misdemeanors

C.misgivings

D.misdirection

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞、名詞詞義辨析。erroneous“錯誤的”；misdemeanors“不法行為”；misgivings“擔(dān)憂，疑慮”；misdirection“引錯方向”。句意：意識到了鸚鵡螺是如何控制自身在水中浮力的科學(xué)家們，已經(jīng)消除了對這些生物的錯誤認(rèn)識。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.（1）.

Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,sothat,apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thekindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundtellsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenofitsclimate.

（2）.Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreservedinrocks

formedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownothing.

（3）.Therewerealsocrab-likecreatures,whosebodieswerecovered

withahomysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs,onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherforswimming.Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofcompoundeyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusuallyaninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet.

（4）.Ofthese,theammonitesareveryinterestingandimportant.Theyhaveashellcomposedofmanychambers,eachrepresentingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast.

（5）.

About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswasoverandmostofthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammals,thoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.

B.Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.

C.Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.

D.Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.

E.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesealilies,relationsofthestarfishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.

F.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.

G.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.

B.Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.

C.Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.

D.Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.

E.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesealilies,relationsofthestarfishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.

F.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.

G.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.

B.Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.

C.Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.

D.Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.

E.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesealilies,relationsofthestarfishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.

F.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.

G.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.

B.Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.

C.Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.

D.Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.

E.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesealilies,relationsofthestarfishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.

F.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.

G.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.

B.Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.

C.Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.

D.Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.

E.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesealilies,relationsofthestarfishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.

F.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.

G.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:F

第3題:E

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】（1）空前指出許多動物滅絕了，而接下來第二段指出，我們可以根據(jù)石頭推測已滅絕的動物形狀。前后為對立的兩種情況,而B項(xiàng)開頭的nevertheless正好表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意思是：盡管如此，我們對它們了解很多，因?yàn)樗鼈兊墓穷^和貝殼是作為化石保存在巖石中的。從它們我們可以看出它們的大小和形狀，它們走路的方式，它們吃的食物種類。該選項(xiàng)起到了銜接第一段和第二段的作用。

（2）此空時(shí)銜接第二段和第三段,選項(xiàng)F的最后一句與空白后的第一句密切相關(guān)?？瞻缀蟮谝痪渲v：我們所知道的幾乎所有化石都是被保存在了由于水的作用而形成的巖石中，而且大多都是生活在水里或水邊的動物。選項(xiàng)F提到：becarriedawaybystreamsintolakesorthesea,getcoveredbymud等，都是在講水的作用形成化石；而最后一句“直到其骨頭或外殼嵌進(jìn)石頭并被保存下來”，空格后也有一個preserved與之對應(yīng)。因此F為此處正確答案。F意為：動物死后，其身體、骨骼或外殼通常會被溪流帶走，流入湖泊或海洋，并被泥土覆蓋。如果這只動物生活在海里，它的身體可能會下沉并被泥土覆蓋。越來越多的泥土?xí)湓谏厦?，直到骨頭或貝殼被嵌入并保存下來。

（3）53空后一句:還有像螃蟹一樣的生物，其身體表面是一層角狀物。緊接著后面部分介紹了這類動物的外貌特征?？蘸笠痪溆幸粋€“also”，由此推測空格處應(yīng)該是關(guān)于另一種海洋生物。選項(xiàng)E提到starlilies這種海洋生物。E意為：最早被發(fā)現(xiàn)的動物都是非常簡單的動物，生活在海里。后來的形態(tài)更為復(fù)雜，其中包括海百合、星魚的關(guān)系，星魚有長長的手臂，被一根長莖附在海床或巖石上。

（4）空格處后一句為:Ofthese,theammonitesare…shell…animal,說明ammonites是前面所提某種動物中的一個例子，它們的特點(diǎn)是“有殼"。據(jù)此推測此處應(yīng)為A項(xiàng)。A意為：有殼的水生動物在化石中的歷史很久了，而且已知的有很多不同的種類。

（5）55空上段主要講的是有殼水生動物。下段第一句講：大約7500萬年前，爬行動物時(shí)代結(jié)束了。由此可知，要填入的文字應(yīng)該既承接上段提到的有殼水生動物，又能夠引出下文的爬行動物這樣的內(nèi)容。只有選項(xiàng)C中有相關(guān)的詞gaverisetothereptiles。C意為：第一批真正有脊椎的動物是魚類，最早出現(xiàn)在3.75億年前的巖石中。大約3億年前，兩棲動物出現(xiàn)了，它們能夠在陸地和水中生活。它們是巨大的，有時(shí)長達(dá)8英尺，其中許多生活在我們的煤層或巖層形成的沼澤水池中。兩棲動物產(chǎn)生了爬行動物，在近1.5億年的時(shí)間里，這些爬行動物是陸地、海洋和空中的主要生命形式。

10.單選題

Intheeveningtheymetatthehotel,bothcontentwiththeirday,happytoeata（）mealtogetheranddancealittleafterwards.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manually

B.causally

C.leisurely

D.vigorously

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。manually“手動地”；causally“有原因地”；leisurely“休閑地，從容地”；vigorously“精神旺盛地，活潑地”。句意：晚上他們在酒店碰面，對這一天都很滿足，他們開心地一起吃了一頓（）的晚餐，然后一起跳了一會兒舞。由and后面的內(nèi)容“跳舞”可推知and前面的內(nèi)容的狀態(tài)也是比較悠閑，輕松的，故C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Themayorisawomanwithgreat（）andthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:市長是一位正直的女性，因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟(jì)上給予支持。

考查形近詞辨析。intention意圖;打算；instinct本能;直覺;integrity誠實(shí)正直;完整;完好;intensity強(qiáng)調(diào)。根據(jù)后半句句意“因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟(jì)上給予支持”可知C符合句意。

12.翻譯題

人類是一個不斷的自然進(jìn)化過程的產(chǎn)物，其中包括無數(shù)次的遺傳轉(zhuǎn)化：這一不可阻擋的過程自45億年前地球形成以來一直未曾間斷過。這一進(jìn)化過程，受環(huán)境因素的影響，經(jīng)過隨機(jī)突變，形成了更具適應(yīng)性的系統(tǒng)，從而保證了其連續(xù)性。在動物世界，這導(dǎo)致了更高級物種的進(jìn)化，并在人類身上達(dá)到了極致。我認(rèn)為人類掌握了自身的命運(yùn)，因?yàn)槿祟愐呀?jīng)獲得創(chuàng)新思維的能力。

創(chuàng)新思維能力的獲得大大加速了自然進(jìn)化的過程。它導(dǎo)致了人類文明諸多方面的巨大進(jìn)步。如在藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、技術(shù)上，在屬于人類智慧擴(kuò)展前沿科學(xué)上尤其如此。然而，正是科學(xué)的這些進(jìn)步使得人類獲得了自我毀滅的功能，導(dǎo)致了消滅人類自身的工具的發(fā)展。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish

【答案】Humanbeingisaproductoftheconstantevolutionarywhichinvolvesnumerousgenetictransformations,andhasgoneuninterruptedsincetheEarthcameintobeing4.5billionyearsago.Subjecttoenvironmentalfactorsandundergoingrandommutation,thisevolutionaryprocessdevelopsintoamoreadoptablesystemtoensuretheco