考研考博-英語-廣東環(huán)境保護工程職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東環(huán)境保護工程職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

His_____ingamblinghaseventuallybroughtabouthisruin.

問題1選項

A.indulgence

B.habit

C.action

D.engagement

【答案】A

【解析】indulgence嗜好，放縱，沉溺；habit習慣，嗜好；action行動，活動；engagement婚約，諾言。句意：沉溺于賭博最終導致了他的毀滅。indulgenceinsth.指放縱,任性（的習慣），選項A符合句意。

2.單選題

Thevirusisusuallyblood-borneandmay______almostanyorganinthebody.

問題1選項

A.patronize

B.infect

C.engrave

D.enroll

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項patronize“屈尊對待；贊助”；B選項infect“感染”；C選項engrave“在……上雕刻（字或圖案）”；D選項enroll“注冊”。句意：這種病毒通常是血液傳播的，可以______幾乎身體的任何器官。橫線處和organ“器官”形成動賓關系，病毒感染身體，B選項infect“感染”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

3.單選題

II.LegalHistory

Beforetheupheavalsofthelate11thandearly12thcenturies,thepeoplesofEuropewereorganizedpoliticallyinaloose,complex,andoverlappingstructureof(1)localunits,(2)lordshipunits,(3)tribal(clan)units,(4)largeterritorialunitssuchasduchiesorprincipalities,whichmightincludeanumberoftribes(clans),and(5)kingdoms,ofwhichtheFrankishkingdom,fromtheyear800,wascalledanumpire.ThekingdomswereconceivednotasterritorialunitsbutprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeopleunderaking(emperor),whowasconsideredtobeChrist’sdeputyandsupremeheadofthechurchaswellasofthenobility,theclans,andthearmy.Thechurchitselfwasnotconceivedasapoliticalunitbutprimarilyasaspiritualcommunityledultimatelybythekingoremperorandintermediatelybybishops,ofwhomtheBishopofRomewasbytraditionthemostimportant.

Withinthisgeneralclassification,therewereverywidedifferencesfromlocalitytolocality,lordshipunittolordshipunit,tribalunittotribalunit,andsoon.TheeconomyofEuropebeforethe11thcenturywaslargelylocalandagrarian.Therewasverylittleintercommunication;apartfrommonksandsomeothersoftheclergyandasmallnumberofmerchants,andexceptformilitarycampaigns,onlythehighernobilityandkingstravelled.Therewerepracticallynopermanentrepresentativesofthecentralauthoritiesinthelocalities.Effortstoplacethemweregenerallyfrustrated.Notonlypowerbutalsoculturewaswidelydispersed.Thecustomsofoneplacemightdiffersubstantiallyfromthecustomsofanotherplacefiftymilesaway.

Nevertheless,thepoliticalorganizationofthepeoplesofEuropeintheperiodfrom6thtothe11thcenturiesrevealsacommonpatternofdevelopment.

Thesmallestlocalpoliticalunitsweregenerallycalledvillae(“villages”or“vills”);theseweregroupedintocentenarii(“hundreds”),whichweregrouped,inturn,intocomitatus(“counties”).TheselocalunitsfirstcameintobeingwhenthewanderingtribesfromwesternAsia,havingswallowedupwhatwasleftoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,finallysettleddowninthe4th,5thand6thcenturies.

Thesecondtypeofunit,lordshipunits,cameintobeingsoonthereafter.Theirnumberincreasedassettlers“commendedthemselves”toleadingpersonagesamongthemandpromisedtorenderservicesinternforfoodandclothingaswellasforprotectionagainstenemies.

55.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionofakingdombeforethe11thcenturyisNOTcorrect?

56.Theoneswhodidnottravelbeforethe11thcenturywere___.

57.Thereasonthattheeffortstoplacepermanentrepresentativesofthecentralauthoritiesinthelocalitiesweregenerallyfrustratedwasthat___.

58.Thepoliticalunitsfrom6thto11thcenturiesoriginatedin___.

問題1選項

A.TheFrankishkingdomwascalledanumpirefrom800A.D

B.Akingdomwasledbyakingoremperor,whowasconsideredtobethesupremeheadoftheterritory

C.ThekingdomswereconceivedprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeople

D.AkingdomwasoneoftheseveralstructuresofEuropeanpeople’spoliticalorganizations

問題2選項

A.monksandpriests

B.kingsandotherupper-classpeople

C.peasantswhowantedtoselltheirownproducts

D.merchants

問題3選項

A.thepowerandculturewerewidelydispersed

B.thepeopledidnotunderstandeachother

C.therewasnocommonpatternofdevelopment

D.thecustomsofdifferentplacesdifferedsubstantially

問題4選項

A.theleftoversoftheRomanEmpireintheWest

B.thelordshipunits

C.theleadingpersonagesamongthesettlers

D.thetribesfromwesternAsia

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段ThekingdomswereconceivednotasterritorialunitsbutprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeopleunderaking(emperor),whowasconsideredtobeChrist’sdeputyandsupremeheadofthechurchaswellasofthenobility,theclans,andthearmy.（王國不是作為領土單位，而是主要作為基督教人民在國王（皇帝）領導下的社區(qū)，國王被認為是基督的副手和教會以及貴族、氏族和軍隊的最高領袖）可知王國并不是領土單位，國王也不是領土的最高元首，B選項“一個王國是由國王或皇帝領導的，他被認為是領土的最高元首”錯誤，同時可知C選項“這些王國最初被認為是基督教人民的社區(qū)”符合原文；第一段(5)kingdoms,ofwhichtheFrankishkingdom,fromtheyear800,wascalledanumpire.（5王國，其中法蘭克王國從800年起被稱為裁判）可知A選項“法蘭克王國從公元800年起被稱為裁判”符合原文；第一段thepeoplesofEuropewereorganizedpoliticallyinaloose,complex,andoverlappingstructureof…and(5)kingdoms（歐洲人民在政治上是以松散、復雜和重疊的結構組織起來的……5王國）可知D選項“王國是歐洲人民政治組織的幾個結構之一”符合原文。因此B選項符合題意。

56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段…apartfrommonksandsomeothersoftheclergyandasmallnumberofmerchants,andexceptformilitarycampaigns,onlythehighernobilityandkingstravelled.（除了僧侶和其他一些神職人員以及少數(shù)商人之外，除了軍事行動之外，只有貴族和國王出游）可知選C選項“農(nóng)民想賣自己的產(chǎn)品”，原文中農(nóng)民不會出游；A選項“僧侶和牧師”；B選項“國王和其他上層階級的人”以及D選項“商人”在原文中都會出游，不符合題意。因此C選項正確。

57.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段Withinthisgeneralclassification,therewereverywidedifferencesfromlocalitytolocality,lordshipunittolordshipunit,tribalunittotribalunit,andsoon…Effortstoplacethemweregenerallyfrustrated.Notonlypowerbutalsoculturewaswidelydispersed.Thecustomsofoneplacemightdiffersubstantiallyfromthecustomsofanotherplacefiftymilesaway.（在這一總體分類中，各地、領主單位與領主單位、部落單位與部落單位等都有很大的差異……安置它們的努力普遍受挫。不僅權力如此，文化也被廣泛分散。一個地方的風俗習慣可能與五十英里外另一個地方的風俗習慣有很大的不同）可知權利和文化分散的原因都是每個地方的風俗都有很大的差異，選D選項“不同地方的風俗有很大的不同”，同時可知A選項“權力和文化被廣泛分散”并不是常駐代表的努力普遍受挫的原因，權利和文化被分散的根本原因也是每個地方的風俗都有很大的差異；B選項“人們彼此不理解”以及C選項“沒有共同的發(fā)展模式”原文未提及。因此D選項正確。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第四段TheselocalunitsfirstcameintobeingwhenthewanderingtribesfromwesternAsia,havingswallowedupwhatwasleftoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,finallysettleddowninthe4th,5thand6thcenturies.（這些地方單位最初是在來自西亞的流浪部落吞沒了羅馬帝國在西方留下的東西，最終在4、5和6世紀定居下來時形成的）可知選A選項“羅馬帝國在西方的殘余”，B選項“貴族單位”和C選項“殖民者中的主要人物”原文未提及，D選項“來自西亞的部落”不符合原文所說的來自西亞的流浪部落。因此A選項正確。

4.單選題

Evidencecameupthat______speechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.

問題1選項

A.specific

B.distinctive

C.explicit

D.blunt

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項specific“特殊的，特定的；明確的；詳細的”，著重指某種、某類事物具有的特殊或特定的屬性；B選項distinctive“獨特的，有特色的；與眾不同的”，常被用來突出某個特點，也就是說由于某個特點的存在使其不同于其他的人或事物；C選項explicit“明確的；清楚的；直率的；詳述的”；D選項blunt“鈍的，不鋒利的；生硬的；直率的”。句意：有證據(jù)表明，6個月大的嬰兒就能識別______語音。此處強調(diào)語音，用“特定的”一詞修飾更符合句意，所以A選項正確。

5.單選題

A____springhasfinallycometoSarajevo—andwithit,theillusionofrenewal.

問題1選項

A.tangible

B.barren

C.transient

D.tardy

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.tangible有形的B.barren貧瘠的

C.transient短暫的D.tardy緩慢的

【答案】C

【考查點】修飾語與被修飾語的搭配

【解題思路】空格處所填形容詞修飾的是“春天”，只有C選項transient“短暫的”可以和春天搭配。

【干擾項排除】

A選項tangible“有形的”，與被修飾語“春天”搭配不當；

B選項barren“貧瘠的”，與被修飾語“春天”搭配不當；

D選項tardy“緩慢的”，與被修飾語“春天”搭配不當，可以說春天來得緩慢，不會說緩慢的春天。

【句意】薩拉熱窩（Sarajevo）終于迎來了短暫的春天，隨之而來的是復興的幻覺。

6.單選題

Thechairmanmadea(n)（）statementbeforebeginningthemainbusinessofthemeeting.

問題1選項

A.intensive

B.intermediate

C.preliminary

D.operational

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。intensive加強的，集中的；intermediate中間的，起媒介作用的；preliminary初步的；operational操作的，運行的。句意：主席在開始會議的主要工作之前作了初步發(fā)言。選項C符合句意。

7.單選題

TheTitanicturnedjustintimeandnarrowlymissedtobestruckbytheimmensewallofice

A

B

whichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.

C

D

問題1選項

A.just

B.tobestruck

C.rose

D.beside

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。missdoingsth.意為“避免做某事”，此處表示被動，因此用過去分詞。

試題答案：B;beingstruck

8.單選題

Inhernovelof“Reunion,AmericanStyle”,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion“ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?”

Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.AccordingtoastudyconductedbysocialpsychologistJackSparacino,theoverwhelmingmajoritywhoattendreunionsaren'tthereinvidiouslytocomparetheirrecentaccomplishmentswiththoseoftheirformerclassmates.Instead,theyhope,primarily,torelivetheirearliersuccesses.

Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattenD.Forthosewhoturnedupattheirreunions,then,theoldtimeswerealsothegoodtimes!

ItwouldappearthatAmericanshaveaspecialfondnessforreunions,judgingbytheirprevalence.Majorleaguebaseballplayers,fraternitymembers,veteransgroups,highschoolandcollegegraduates,andformerBoyScoutsallholdreunionsonaregularbasis.Inaddition,familyreunionsfrequentlyattractbloodrelativesfromfarawayplaceswhospendconsiderablemoneyandtimetoreunite.

Actually,intheiraffectionforreunitingwithfriends,familyorcolleagues,Americansareprobablynodifferentfromanyotherpeople,exceptthatAmericanshavecreatedamind-bogglingnumberandvarietyofinstitutionalizedformsofgatheringstofacilitatethesatisfactionofthisdesire.Indeed,reunionshaveincreasinglybecomeformaleventsthatareorganizedonaregularbasisand,intheprocess,theyhavealsobecomebigbusiness.

ShellNorrisofClassReunion,Inc.,saysthatChicagoalonehas1,500highschoolreunionseachyear.Aconservativeestimateonthenationallevelwouldbe10,000annually.Atonetime,allhighschoolreunionswereorganizedbyvolunteers,usuallyfemalehomemakers.Inthelastfewyears,however,asmoreandmorewomenhaveenteredthelabourforce,alumnireunionsareincreasinglybeingplannedbyspecializedcompaniesratherthanbypart-timevolunteers.

ThefirstcollegereunionwasheldbythealumniofYaleUniversityin1792.GraduatesofPennsylvania,Princeton,Stanford,andBrownfollowedsuit.Andbytheendofthe19thcentury,most4-yearinstitutionswereholdingalumnireunions.

Thevarietyofcollegereunionsisimpressive.AtPrinceton,alumniparadethroughthetownwearingtheirclassuniformsandsingingtheiralmamater.AtMariettaCollege,theygatherforadinner-danceonasteamshipcruisingtheOhioRiver.

Clearly,thethoughtofcruisingonasteamshipormarchingthroughthestreetsisusuallynot,byitself,sufficientreasonforlargenumbersofalumnitoreturntocampus.Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.Inanefforttoenhancethiscommonidentity,largercollegesanduniversitiesfrequentlybuildtheirclassreunionsonparticipationinsmallerunits,suchasdepartmentsorschools.Ortheyencourage“affinityreunions”forgroupsofformercheerleaders,editors,fraternitymembers,musicians,membersofmilitaryorganizationsoncampus,andthelike.

Ofcourse,noteveryalumnusisfondofhisorheralmamater.Studentswhograduatedduringthelate1960smaybeespeciallyreluctanttogetinvolvedinalumnievents.Theywerepartofthegenerationthatconductedsit-insandteach-insdirectedatuniversityadministrators,protestedmilitaryrecruitmentoncampusandmarchedagainst“establishmentpolitics.”Ifthisgenerationhasacommonidentity,itmayfalloutsideoftheiruniversityties—orevenbehostiletothem.Evenastheyentertheirmiddleyears,alumniwhocontinuetoholdunpleasantmemoriesofcollegeduringthisperiodmaynotwishtoattendclassreunions.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Sparacino'sstudy___.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadistinctfeatureofU.S.classreunions?

3.Whatmainlyattractsmanypeopletoreturntocampusforreunion?

4.Therhetoricalfunctionofthefirstparagraphisto___.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問題1選項

A.providedstrongevidenceforJaffe’sstatement

B.showedthatattendeestendedtoexcelinhighschoolstudy

C.foundthatinterestinreunionswaslinkedwithschoolexperience

D.foundevidenceforattendees'intensedesireforshowingoffsuccess

問題2選項

A.U.S.classreunionsareusuallyoccasionstoshowoffone’srecentsuccess

B.Reunionsareregularandformaleventsorganizedbyprofessionalagencies

C.Classreunionshavebecomeaprofitablebusiness

D.Classreunionshavebroughtaboutavarietyofactivities

問題3選項

A.Thevarietyofactivitiesforclassreunion

B.Thespecialstatustheiruniversityenjoys

C.Sharedexperiencebeyondthecampus

D.Sharedundergraduateexperienceoncampus

問題4選項

A.introduceRonaJaffe’snovel

B.presenttheauthor’scounterargument

C.serveaspreludetotheauthor’sargument

D.bringintofocuscontrastingopinions

問題5選項

A.AhistoricalperspectiveforalumnireunionsintheUnitedStates

B.Reasonsforpopularityandattendanceforalumnireunions

C.AlumnireunionsandAmericanuniversitytraditions

D.Alumnireunionanditssocialandeconomicimplications

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關鍵詞“Sparacino'sstudy”可以定位到文章第三段中“Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattend.”，中文翻譯為：在他的研究中，斯帕拉奇諾發(fā)現(xiàn)，作為高中生，參加者比那些選擇不參加的同學更受歡迎，更常被視為有吸引力，更多地參與課外活動?？梢缘弥狟選項“表明參與者往往在高中學習中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由A選項“美國的班級聚會通常是炫耀自己最近成功的機會?！笨梢远ㄎ坏皆牡谌巍癈ertainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.”，中文翻譯為：當然，也有一些人回來向他們以前的同學展示他們做得多么好；還有一些人喜歡觀察他們同學身上發(fā)生的變化（當然，他們自己并不總是這樣）。但大多數(shù)參加班級聚會的人都是為了重溫年輕時的美好時光。因此可知A選項錯誤，符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.”，中文翻譯為：決定參加校友聚會的校友們都有一個共同的身份，這個身份基于他們在一起度過的大學生時代。出于這個原因，那些以某種方式建立了共同紐帶的大學——例如，因為它們規(guī)模相對較小或特別有聲望——往往會吸引大量校友參加聚會?？芍狟

選項“他們大學享有的特殊地位”正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Inhernovelof‘Reunion,AmericanStyle’,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion‘ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?’”中文翻譯為：在她的小說《美國風格的重聚》中，羅娜?賈菲暗示，一次班級聚會“不僅僅是一次感傷的旅程。這也是一種回答隱藏在我們所有人內(nèi)心深處的問題的方式。他們比我做得好嗎?”。以及原文第二段“Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.”，中文翻譯為：賈菲的觀察也許放錯了地方，但并不是完全沒有意義。判斷出C選項“作為作者論證的前奏。”正確。

5.主旨大意題。通讀全文判斷出答案為A選項“美國校友聚會的歷史視角”，D選項“校友聚會及其對社會和經(jīng)濟的影響?！睂儆谖恼碌谒亩?、第五段內(nèi)容，B選項“受歡迎和出席校友聚會的原因?！睂儆谖恼碌诙?、第三段的內(nèi)容，C選項“校友聚會和美國大學傳統(tǒng)?！睂儆谖恼碌诹?、第七段、第八段、第九段的內(nèi)容。

9.單選題

Attheheightofthefinancialcrisis,alltheycoulddowas______andhopethatconditionswouldimprove.

問題1選項

A.holdon

B.getalong

C.geton

D.lookon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項holdon“堅持；稍等”；B選項getalong“與……和睦相處”；C選項geton“繼續(xù)做；開始做”；D選項lookon“把……當作”。句意：在金融危機最嚴重的時候，他們能做的只有______，并希望情況會有所改善。they和橫線處構成主謂關系，在金融危機時，只有A選項holdon“堅持”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

10.單選題

Iusuallyletmychildrenmaketheirowndecisions,nowthattheyhavegrownup,Iwouldn’t（）tointerfere.

問題1選項

A.assume

B.consume

C.resume

D.presume

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我經(jīng)常讓孩子們自己拿主意，既然他們已經(jīng)長大，那么我就不會擅自進行干涉。

考查動詞辨析。assume采取，承擔，假設，想當然;consume消耗，消費；resume重新開始，繼續(xù)；presume假定，推測，擅自。因此D符合句意。

11.單選題

Themanagerrealizedtheimportanceofqualifiedstaff,andurgedall________toparticipateinthetrainingprogram.

問題1選項

A.concerning

B.theconcerning

C.concerned

D.theconcerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的用法。四個選項都跟concerned有關，句意：經(jīng)理意識到了合格員工的重要性，并且敦促所有（）參加培訓項目。A，B選項沒有名詞詞義，代入句中會造成賓語缺失，所以排除；The+形容詞表示一類人，因為concerning沒有形容詞的詞性，所以D選項錯誤，答案選C。

12.單選題

Thatwouldcauseanoutcryandaddseveralpercentagepointstoinflation,andcouldeasilycheckspendingand（）therecoveryinitscradle.

問題1選項

A.impel

B.stage

C.strangle

D.invigorate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。impel“趨使，推動”；stage“籌劃，舉行”；strangle“絞殺，使窒息”；invigorate“鼓舞”。句意：這將引起強烈的抗議，并且使通貨膨脹增加幾個百分點，而且會控制消費，使復蘇在搖籃中就被扼殺。選項C符合題意。

13.單選題

Surprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.

Weknowthatmorethan850,000childrengothroughhospitaleachyear,andthateverychildofschoolagehasalegalrighttocontinuetoreceiveeducationwhileinhospital.Wealsoknowthereisonlyonehospitalteachertoevery1,000childreninhospital.

Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEngland,whichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhasonlyapart-timeteacher.Thespecialchildren’shospitalsinmajorcitiesdobestgeneralhospitalsinthecountryandholidayareasareworstoff.

Fromthissurvey,onecanestimatethatfewerthanoneinfivechildrenhavesomecontactwithahospitalteacher—andthatcontactmaybeaslittleastwohoursaday.Mostchildreninterviewedweresurprisedtofindateacherinhospitalatall.Theyhadnotbeenpreparedforitbyparentsoftheirownschool.Iftherewasateacher,theyweremuchmorelikelytoreadbooksanddomathornumberwork,withoutateachertheywouldonlyplaygames.

Reasonsforhospitalteachingrangefrompreventingachildfallingbehindandmaintainingthehabitofschooltokeepingachildoccupied,andthelatterisoftenalltheteachercando.Thepositionandinfluenceofmanyteacherswassummedupwhenpatentsofferedtothemas“thelibrarylady”orjust“thehelper”.

Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.Severalparentsspokeofrequestsforworkbeingignoredorrefusedbytheschool.Oncebackatschoolchildrenrarelygetextrateaching,andaretoldtocatchupasbesttheycan.

Manyshort-staychild-patientscatchupquickly.Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.

1.Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthelatestsurveythat______.

3.Childreninhospitalusuallyturnto______inordertocatchupwiththeirschoolwork.

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthoris______.

問題1選項

A.everychildinhospitalreceivessometeaching

B.notenoughisknownabouthospitalteaching

C.hospitalteachingisofpoorquality

D.thespecialchildren’shospitalsareworstoff

問題2選項

A.hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilar

B.eachhospitalhasatleastoneparttimeteacher

C.allhospitalsurveyedoffereducationtochildren

D.onlyone-fourthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers

問題3選項

A.hospitalteachers

B.schoolmates

C.parents

D.schoolteachers

問題4選項

A.unfavorabletowardschildrenreceivingeducationinhospitals

B.infavorofthepresentstateofteachinginhospitals

C.unsatisfiedwiththepresentstateofhospitalteaching

D.satisfiedwiththeresultsofthelatestsurvey

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation（沒有人知道有多少孩子能在英國的醫(yī)院接受教育，更不用說教育的內(nèi)容和質(zhì)量了）可知B選項“對醫(yī)院教學知之甚少”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEngland,whichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhasonlyapart-timeteacher.（據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國有一半的醫(yī)院沒有教師。另外四分之一的醫(yī)院只有兼職教師）可推測只有四分之一的醫(yī)院有全職教師，因此選D。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.（孩子們往往依靠相關的學校朋友來趕上學校的功課）可知選B。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。本文主要介紹了醫(yī)院中的存在的教學問題，比如教師的嚴重缺少。根據(jù)調(diào)查結果及文章最后一段中的Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.（但學校在緩解許多受訪兒童對落后的焦慮方面收效甚微）可知作者對當前的醫(yī)院教學現(xiàn)狀是不滿意的，因此選C。

14.寫作題

“Financialgainshouldbethemostimportantfactorinchoosingacareer.”

Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreewiththeopinionstatedabove.Supportyourviewswithreasonsand/orexamplesfromownexperience,observations,orreading.

【答案】FinancialGainShouldNotBetheMostImportantFactorinChoosingaCareer15.單選題

WhenImakeapromise,Ialways（）it.

問題1選項

A.keep

B.hold

C.catch

D.carry

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。句意：當我許下承諾時，我一定會信守諾言。keeppromise意為“信守承諾”，所以選項A正確。

16.單選題

Althoughhewasnotcaughtcheatingontheexam,thefeelingofguilt_______overandoveragain.

問題1選項

A.ascended

B.conquered

C.secured

D.recurred

【答案】D

【解析】ascended上升,追溯;conquered戰(zhàn)勝,征服;secured安全的,有把握的;recurred重現(xiàn)。句意：雖然他在考試中作弊沒有被抓,但他的負罪感還是一遍又一遍地浮現(xiàn)。選項D符合句意。

17.單選題

Thedirectionwereso（）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問題1選項

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious“有獨創(chuàng)性的”；ambitious“有野心的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成這項任務。選項D符合題意。

18.單選題

Bothofthemaretoostubborntoagreeto（）,sotheyhadtobeassignedtodifferentbranches.

問題1選項

A.afriendship

B.acompromise

C.ajudgment

D.anemotion

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。句意：他們兩個都很固執(zhí),

不肯妥協(xié),

所以不得不分管不同的部門。選項B項符合句意。

19.單選題

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic（官僚主義的）managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand"human-relations"experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife-Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalaiybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubniissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyarctestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century"freeenterprise"capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities―thoseofallloveandofreason―aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By"awell-oiledcoginthemachinery"theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis（）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthatweshould（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（）.

問題1選項

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual'sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

問題2選項

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

問題3選項

A.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

問題4選項

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

問題5選項

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.susceptibility

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段“...yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless...”,由此推斷,作者將人比喻成機械中運轉(zhuǎn)良好的齒輪,實則是想表明人們相對于社會中其他部分來說已經(jīng)變得不那么重要了。選項C符合原文。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,工人和雇員們焦慮不僅是因為他們可能面臨著失業(yè),他們焦慮也因為他們不能獲得任何有趣的生活和真正的滿足,但是真正的原因還是第二段的最后一句“Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.”,選項D他們被剝奪了個性和獨立性,符合原文,所以選D。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文以及題干可知,作者認為這些人之所以焦慮是因為處于一個競爭激