考研考博-英語-大連大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Microsoftreignedforyearsasthewealthiesttechnologycompanyprimarily（）itsownershipandcultivationofWindows—theuniversalplatformforapplicationsonthePC.

問題1選項

A.byforceof

B.byrightof

C.bydintof

D.withtheassistanceof

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項byforceof“用…的手段”；B選項byrightof“憑借，由于”，多指憑借權(quán)利；C選項bydintof“用，憑借”，多指憑借某一事物；D選項withtheassistanceof“在…的援助下”。句意：微軟多年來一直是世界上最富有的科技公司，這主要是憑借其對Windows的所有權(quán)和發(fā)展。Windows是個人電腦應(yīng)用程序的通用平臺。這里憑借的是Windows這一事物而不是權(quán)利，所以選項C正確。

2.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed50minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan300wordsunderthetitleof“AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofDoingResearchOnline.”Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutline:

1)Presentsituationaboutdoingresearchonline;

2)Advantagesforonlineresearch;

3)Disadvantagesforonlineresearch.

【答案】

AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofDoingResearchOnline3.單選題

Youdon'thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it'san（）extra.

問題1選項

A.excessive

B.optional

C.additional

D.arbitrary

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你不必在你的新車上安裝這個收音機，它是一個可選的附加設(shè)備。

考查形容詞辨析。excessive過多的；過分的；optional可選擇的：隨意的；additional附加的；額外的：arbitrary武斷的；專制的。由前半句句意“你不必在你的新車上安裝這個收音機”可知，B項正確。

4.單選題

Patientstendtofeelindignantandinsultedifthephysiciantellsthemhecanfindnoorganiccauseforthepain.Theytendtointerprettheterm“psychogenic”tomeanthattheyarecomplainingofnonexistentsymptoms.Theyneedtobeeducatedaboutthefactthatmanyformsofpainhavenounderlyingphysicalcausebutaretheresult,asmentionedearlier,oftension,stressorhostilefactorsinthegeneralenvironment.Sometimesapainmaybeamanifestationof“conversionhysteria”.

Obviously,itisfollyforanindividualtoignoresymptomsthatcouldbeawarningofapotentiallyseriousillness.Somepeoplearesoterrifiedofgettingnewsfromadoctorthattheyallowtheirmalaisetoworsen,sometimespastthepointofnoreturn.Totalneglectisnottheanswertohypochondria.Theonlyanswerhastobeincreasededucationaboutthewaythehumanbodyworks;sothatmorepeoplewillbeabletosteeranintelligentcoursebetweenpromiscuouspill-poppingandirresponsibledisregardofgenuinesymptoms.

Ofallformsofpain,noneisimportantfortheindividualtounderstandthanthe“threshold”variety.Almosteveryonehasatelltaleachethatistriggeredwhenevertensionorfatiguereachesacertainpoint.Itcantaketheformofamigraine-typeheadacheorasqueezingpaindeepintheabdomenorcrampsorapaininthelowerbackoreveninthejoints.Theindividualwhohaslearnedhowtomakethecorrelationbetweensuchthresholdpainsandtheircausedoesn'tpanicwhentheyoccur;heorshedoessomethingaboutrelievingthestressandtension.Then,ifthepainpersistsdespitetheabsenceofapparentcause,theindividualwilltelephonethedoctor.

26.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

27.Somepeoplesufferingfromapaindonotgotohospitalbecause（）.

28.Accordingtothepassage,theproperwaytowardsapainis（）.

29.Assoonasapersongets“thresholdpains”，heshould（）.

問題1選項

A.Apaincanonlybecausedbyphysicalharm.

B.Somepeoplearecomplainingofapainwhichdoesnotexist.

C.Apaincanbecausedbypsychogenicfactors.

D.Educatedpeopledonotcomplainofnonexistentpain.

問題2選項

A.theyarehorrifiedtogetthebadnews

B.theythinknomedicineiseffective

C.theythinkthepainwilldisappearassoonasyouforgetit

D.theyaretoobusy

問題3選項

A.takingdifferentmedicines

B.visitingfamousphysicians

C.payingnoattentiontoit

D.noneoftheabove

問題4選項

A.telephonethedoctorimmediately

B.firstrelievethestressandtensionwhichcausethepains

C.waittoletthepainsreachacertainpoint

D.takepain-killer

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】26.細節(jié)判斷題。信息點定位為原文第一段，根據(jù)第二句Theytendtointerprettheterm“psychogenic”tomeanthattheyarecomplainingofnonexistentsymptoms.（他們傾向于將“心理原因”一詞解釋為他們在抱怨不存在的癥狀。）中的“psychogenic”（心理性的），即可得出本題答案。

27.

細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“donotgotohospital”，將信息點定位到原文第二段Somepeoplearesoterrifiedofgettingnewsfromadoctorthattheyallowtheirmalaisetoworsen,sometimespastthepointofnoreturn.（有些人非常害怕從醫(yī)生那里得到消息，他們讓自己的不適加劇，有時甚至到了無法恢復(fù)的地步。）根據(jù)“soterrifiedofgetting”“news...worsen”，即可得出本題答案。

28.

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)原文第三段第一句Ofallformsofpain,noneisimportantfortheindividualtounderstandthanthe“threshold”variety.（沒有比知道這些疼痛種類的下限更重要的事情了。）即可得出本題答案。

29.

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thresholdpains”定位到原文最后一段第四句。根據(jù)Theindividualwhohaslearnedhowtomakethecorrelationbetweensuchthresholdpainsandtheircausedoesn’tpanicwhentheyoccur;heorshedoessomethingaboutrelievingthestressandtension.（學(xué)會了如何將這種閾值疼痛與其原因聯(lián)系起來的人，在疼痛發(fā)生時并不驚慌；他或她做了一些緩解壓力和緊張的事情。）中的“relievingthestressandtension”即可得出本題答案。

5.寫作題

Somepeoplethinkthatasenseofcompetitionin

childrenshouldbeencouraged.Othersbelievethatchildrenwhoaretaughtto

co-operateratherthancompetebecomemoreusefuladults.

Youshouldwriteatleast250words.

Normal

0

7.8磅

0

2

false

false

false

EN-US

ZH-CN

X-NONE

Youshoulduseyourownideas,knowledgeand

experienceandsupportyourargumentswithexamplesandrelevantevidence.

【答案】Oncompetitionandcooperation

Somepeopleholdtheviewthatcompetitionandcooperationarealwaysinconflictwitheachother.Butsomehavedifferentopinionsthatcompetitionandcooperationarethetwoindispensablepartsofthewinners.

Competitionandcooperationareverycommonineveryfieldofourlife.TheOlympicgamesisthemostfamouscompetitionallovertheworld.Andemployeescompeteforjobs,forpromotion,forcustomersandforsales,etc.Tosomeextent,competitionstimulatespeople'sinterestinworkandpushthesocietyforward.Inourlife,weoftenfindthatcompetitiongoeshandintrendwithcooperation.Inthesportscontest,thevictoryoftheteamrequiresgoodteamwork,thatis,cooperation.Nodoubt,weoftenfindthereisaninseparablerelationshipbetweencompetitionandcooperation.Inafootballmatch,eitherteamiscompetingwithother.Buteachmemberoftheteamiscooperatingwithhisteammates.

AsfarasIamconcerned,cooperationandcompetitionarebothimportant.Theyareattributeswhichareequallynecessaryforapersontoachievesuccessinhislife.Whileweadvocatecompetition,wecannotforgetcooperation.Humanbeingsaresocialbeings.Noonecanexistaloneinthesociety.Ifyouwanttoplaythegamewell,youhavetoplaywithothers.Youcannotplaysingle-handedandwin.Youhavetocooperatewithyourplaymates,whomaymakethesocialladderforyoutoclimbtothetop.Fromcooperationwegetmutualhelpandunderstanding.Withcooperationtheworldisprogressingatpeaceandinharmony.

6.單選題

Thecoast（）slowlyasourshipsailedouttosea.

問題1選項

A.receded

B.conceded

C.proceeded

D.exceeded

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項recede“后退；減弱”；B選項concede“承認；退讓；給予”；C選項proceed“開始；繼續(xù)進行；發(fā)生；行進”；D選項exceed“超過；勝過”。句意：這個海岸隨著我們的船駛向大海而慢慢地后退。結(jié)合此處語義，A選項正確。

7.單選題

Whenyouchoseapieceofcloth,themostimportantthingthatyoushouldpayattentiontoisits______.

問題1選項

A.textile

B.content

C.style

D.texture

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項textile“紡織品”；B選項content“含量；（書、講話、節(jié)目等的）主題，主要內(nèi)容”；C選項style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”；D選項texture“質(zhì)地，手感；口感”。句意：當你選擇一塊布的時候，最重要的是要注意它的質(zhì)地。根據(jù)語境，這里在講如何挑選布料，布料的______非常重要，D選項texture“質(zhì)地，手感”符合題意；而C選項style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”形容服裝更合適，布料沒太多設(shè)計樣式和風(fēng)格可言。因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

Heistheonlypersonwhocan（）inthiscasebecausetheotherwitnesseswerekilledmysteriously.

問題1選項

A.testify

B.charge

C.accuse

D.rectify

【答案】A

【解析】testify作證；charge負責；accuse指控；rectify改正。句意：句意：他是唯一能為這個案件作證的人，因為其他證人都被神秘殺害了。選項A符合句意。

9.單選題

Hewasraginginside,butheheldhimselfin.

問題1選項

A.stayedindoors

B.triedhardtoforgetit

C.controlledhimself

D.calmeddown

【答案】C

【解析】holdoneselfin意為約束，抑制。stayedindoors

待在室內(nèi)；triedhardtoforgetit努力忘記；controlledhimself控制自己；calmeddown平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)定下來。選項C與之意思相近。

10.單選題

Mostof

whatBillsaidwas（）;onlyone

ortwominorpointshemadewerenotcloselyconnectedwiththematterbeing

discussed.

問題1選項

A.reliable

B.relative

C.related

D.relating

【答案】B

【解析】reliable可靠的；relative指相較的；related指相關(guān)的；relating是動詞relate的分詞形式。句意：比爾講的大多都很切題,只有一兩點與主題關(guān)系不是很緊密。選項B正確。

11.單選題

Researchershavedoneextensivestudiesofhowwellchildren____theirteachers’instructions.

問題1選項

A.complywith

B.understand

C.tease

D.ignore

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.complywith照做；遵守B.understand理解

C.tease取笑；戲弄D.ignore忽視

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】句意：研究人員對于孩子們在多大程度上____老師的指令做了大量的研究?？崭裉幩钤~的主語為“孩子們”，賓語為“老師的指令”，A選項complywith“照做；遵守”符合前后邏輯，指孩子們遵從老師的指令。

【干擾項排除】

B選項understand“理解”，不符合原文語義邏輯；

C選項tease“取笑；戲弄”，不符合原文語義邏輯；

D選項ignore“忽視”，不符合原文語義邏輯。

12.單選題

Heneverexertshimselftoaidthosetryingto（

）adifficultsituation.

問題1選項

A.rectify

B.modify

C.solidify

D.verify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。rectify“改正”；modify“修改；更改”;solidify“團結(jié)；凝固”；verify“核實；查證”。句意：他從不幫助那些試圖矯正困境的人。選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

Youwillgettothechurchmorequicklyifyoutakethis（）acrossthefields.

問題1選項

A.track

B.passage

C.method

D.journey

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項track“軌道，足跡，小道”；B選項passage“走廊，通道”；C選項method“方法”；D選項journey“旅行，行程”。句意：如果你沿著這條小路穿過田野，到教堂會快一些。選項A符合語境。

14.單選題

InNovember1987thegovernment（

）apublicdebateonthefuturedirectionoftheofficialsportspolicy.

問題1選項

A.initiated

B.designated

C.induced

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】動詞辨析題。A選項initiate“開始、發(fā)起”；B選項designate“指定、指派”；C選項induce“引誘、說服”；D選項promote“促進、提高”。由關(guān)鍵詞“government”和“publicdebate公開辯論”，判斷可知空格部分單詞意思為“發(fā)起”，句意為：1987年11月，政府就官方體育方針政策的未來走向發(fā)起了一場公開辯論。故正確答案選A。

15.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Notlongagosocialmediaheldoutthepromiseofamoreenlightenedpolitics,asaccurateinformationandeffortlesscommunicationhelpedgoodpeopledriveoutcorruption,bigotry(偏執(zhí))andlies.YetFacebookacknowledgedthatbeforeandafter2016Americanpresidentialelection,146millionusersmayhaveseenRussianmisinformationonitsplatform.Farfrombringingenlightenment,socialmediahavebeenspreadingpoison.And,becauseofhowtheywork,theywieldextraordinaryinfluence.Theymaketheirmoneybyputtingphotos,personalposts,newsstoriesandadsinfrontofyou.Theycollectdataaboutyouinordertohavealgorithms(計算程序)todeterminewhatwillcatchyoureye,inan“attentioneconomy”thatkeepsusersscrolling,clickingandsharingagainandagainandagain.EveryonewhohasscrolledthroughFacebookknowsthat,insteadofimpartingwisdom,thesystemdishesoutcompulsivestuffthattendstoreinforcepeople’sbiases.

【答案】不久前，隨著精準的信息和毫不費力的交流幫助好人挖出了腐敗、趕走了偏執(zhí)，擊敗了謊言，社會媒體展示了一個更加開明的政治的前景。然而，F(xiàn)acebook承認，在2016年美國總統(tǒng)大選前后，1.46億用戶可能在其平臺上看到了俄羅斯的虛假信息。社交媒體非但沒有帶來啟迪，反而在傳播毒藥。而且，由于他們的工作方式，他們具有非凡的影響力。他們通過在你面前放照片、個人帖子、新聞故事和廣告來賺錢。他們收集關(guān)于你的數(shù)據(jù)，以便在一個讓用戶不斷滾動、點擊和分享的“注意力經(jīng)濟”中，有算法來決定什么會吸引你的眼球。每個瀏覽過Facebook的人都知道，這個系統(tǒng)并沒有傳授智慧，而是發(fā)布一些強迫性的東西，這些東西往往會強化人們的偏見。

16.單選題

Thestudents______theirthankstoProfessorDavisbypresentinghimwithapartinggift.

問題1選項

A.extended

B.offered

C.expressed

D.indicated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項extend“延伸，擴大”，B項offer“提供”，C項express“表達”，D項indicate“表明，指出”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thanks“感謝”可知，空格部分填入express符合語境。句意：學(xué)生們送給戴維斯教授一份臨別禮物，以表示對他的感謝。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

17.單選題

Bythetimeyouhavecompletedtheessentialtraining,you________exposedtovirtuallyeverynewfeatureofthecourse.

問題1選項

A.willhavebeen

B.willbe

C.wouldhavebeen

D.wouldbe

【答案】A

【解析】考查時態(tài)。A將來完成時，表示將來某一時間開始，并將繼續(xù)完成的動作；B一般將來時，將來可能發(fā)生的事情；C過去將來完成時，表示從過去觀點看將來某時某動作已完成；D過去將來時，表示從過去的某一時間來看將來要發(fā)生的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。前面是由bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，且是現(xiàn)在完成時，根據(jù)時間狀語從句主將從現(xiàn)的原則，所以答案選A。

18.單選題

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous--—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.D.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappy

EXCEPT.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuythefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT_______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

問題1選項

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.livesinthecountry

D.worksinthecity

問題2選項

A.lackofcommunication

B.astrongsenseoffear

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

問題3選項

A.designerclothes

B.dailynecessities

C.freshfruits

D.freshvegetables

問題4選項

A.Original

B.Hospitable

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

問題5選項

A.Yes,hewilldoso

B.Itisdifficulttotell

C.No,hewillnotdoso

D.Heisintwominds

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity可知選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句話Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal可以排除選項C；根據(jù)第二段第三句話可以排除選項A；根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話可以排除選項D，因此選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句話提到購物成了一個重要的問題（Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown），因此在鄉(xiāng)村中很難買到時尚的衣服，選項A符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。文章第四段最后一句話提到他們把這些想法強加給那些不情愿的原始村民（Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages），由此可以推測出這些人是傲慢的，選項C符合題意。original“原來的；首創(chuàng)的”；hospitable“熱情友好的”；insensitive“未意識到的”。

5.推理判斷題。作者在最后一段提到了他的貓，以貓喻人，來說明自己更有愿意待在城市中（No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening），因此選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.

MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertodaydoesnotcutaboy’shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthesamewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisersshowusthelatestfashionablestylesandweareconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseourfriendsthinkweareoddordull.

Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.Takehats,forexample.Incoldclimates,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,sopeopleworehatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Inrecenttimes,thelatePresidentKennedycausedadepressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats:moreAmericanmenfollowedhisexample.

Thereisalsoacyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEuropeandAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWorldWarII,theydroppedtoanklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshorteruntiltheminiskirtwasinfashion.Afterafewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongeragain.

Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthanitusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.

Thepopularityofjeansandthe“untidy”lookseemstobeareactionagainsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionsofthetopfashionhouses.

Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearingjeansandasweater;anditwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomedistinguishedscholarlookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclub.However,youneedneverfeeldepressedifyoudon’tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou’llseethatnooneelsedoeseither!

1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpeopleare（）.

2.FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementseemtolinkfashionto（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,causesoffashionsare（）.

4.Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandeasierbecauseitemphasizes（）.

5.Thelastparagraphmostprobablydenotesthat（）.

問題1選項

A.satisfiedwiththeirappearancet

B.concernedaboutappearanceinoldaget

C.farfromneglectingwhatisinfashiont

D.reluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashiont

問題2選項

A.confidenceinlifet

B.personaldresst

C.individualhairstylet

D.personalfuturet

問題3選項

A.uniformt

B.variedt

C.unknownt

D.inexplicablet

問題4選項

A.uniformityt

B.formalityt

C.informalityt

D.diversityt

問題5選項

A.careaboutappearanceinformalsituationst

B.fashioninformalandinformalsituationst

C.ignoringappearanceininformalsituationst

D.ignoringappearanceinallsituations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“在第一段中，作者認為人是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段，F(xiàn)ewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare（我們中很少有人能滿足于接受自己本來的樣子）可知A項“對自己的外表感到滿意”錯誤；Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.（在我們十幾歲或二十出頭的時候，我們比生命中的任何時候都更擔心我們的外表以及我們在別人眼中的形象）可知，人們在年輕的時候最關(guān)注外表，故B項“老年時關(guān)心外表”表述不準確；fewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion（也很少有人有足夠的勇氣忽視流行趨勢）可知，C項“遠遠沒有忽視什么是時尚”正確，而D項“不愿跟隨時尚潮流”正好與原文相反。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“時尚雜志和電視廣告似乎把時尚和……聯(lián)系了起來”。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.（他們告訴我們，如果我們這樣做，我們就能自信地認識新朋友，從容自信地應(yīng)對各種情況）可知，時尚雜志和電視廣告把時尚和自信聯(lián)系在了一起，故A項“生活中的自信”正確。B項“個人服裝”和C項“個人發(fā)型”是屬于時尚的具體方面，不符合題意；D項“個人的未來”屬于無中生有。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者的觀點，時尚的原因是……”。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.（是什么導(dǎo)致了時尚的變化？有時，便利、實際需要或僅僅是一個有影響力的人的幻想就可以建立一種時尚），由此可知導(dǎo)致時尚的原因有很多種，所以B項“多種多樣”符合題意。A項“統(tǒng)一”、C項“未知”和D項“令人費解”均不符合。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“當今社會更加自由和容易，因為它強調(diào)……”。根據(jù)第五段第二句Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.（在合理的范圍內(nèi)，你可以穿你喜歡的衣服或做你喜歡的發(fā)型，而不是你應(yīng)該的方式，因為這是時尚）可知，時尚就是自己可以穿自己喜歡的服裝和發(fā)型，按照自己喜歡的方式來，由此可推斷當今社會更加自由和容易是因為它強調(diào)非拘謹性，故C項“不拘禮節(jié)”正確。B項“拘謹性”與原文相反；A項“均勻性”未提及；D項“多樣性”，這是導(dǎo)致時尚的原因。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“最后一段很可能表示……”。最后一段第一句提到Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.（同時，外表在某些情況下仍然很重要，然后我們必須仔細選擇我們的衣服），接著舉了兩個例子加以說明在一些正式的場合中應(yīng)該選擇合適的衣服，所以A項“在正式場合要注重儀表”符合題意。B項“正式和非正式場合的時尚”，最后一段沒有做出正式和非正式場合的對比；C項“在非正式場合忽視外表”，這是斷章取義；D項“在任何情況下都忽視外表”與原文不符。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

20.單選題

Whilehewasbuildinghisarmyby（）newlocalforces,heconsistentlyfollowedthepracticeoftakingoverthesecorpsintactwiththeircommandersandindoctrinatingtheseleaderstoensuretheirallegiancetohimselfandhisownarmy.

問題1選項

A.incorporating

B.havingbeenincorporated

C.incorporated

D.beingincorporated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。incorporate“合并，吸收”。incorporate這個動作是直接由句子的主語“he”來執(zhí)行的，所以介詞by后面直接跟動詞的進行時。句意：當他通過……新的地方部隊來建立他的軍隊時，他一直遵循這樣的做法，即完整地接管這些部隊和他們的指揮官，并灌輸這些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人以確保他們效忠于他自己和他自己的軍隊。因此A選項正確。

21.單選題

Neonisanelementwhichdoesnotcombinereadilywithanyotherelement;becauseofthisproperty,itiscalledan（

）element.

問題1選項

A.expensive

B.adjacent

C.active

D.inactive

【答案】D

【解析】expensive昂貴的；adjacent鄰近的；active積極的，活躍的；inactive不活躍的，怠惰的。句意：氖是一種不易與其他元素化合的元素；由于這個屬性，它被稱為不活躍元素。選項D符合句意。

22.單選題

Ifyoubecomereconciledtoyourlot,youwillnevergetanewstartinlife.

問題1選項

A.submissive

B.resistant

C.tolerable

D.committed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。reconcile表示“和解，調(diào)節(jié)”；A項submissive“順從的，服從的”，B項resistant“抵抗的，反抗的”，C項tolerable“可以容忍的”，D項committed“堅定的，忠誠的”。句意：如果你甘心于自己的命運，你將永遠無法重新開始生活。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。

23.單選題

MaxWeberproposedacomplexapproachtoinequalitywhichexpresslytakesaccountofnon-economicdimensionsofrankingandinequality.AgainstMarx,Webermaintainsthattheoperationofpowerinsocietiesisyetmorefundamentalthantheireconomicbasis.Power（1）thecapacityofindividualsorgroupstorealizetheirwilleven（2）theoppositionofothers.Thisyieldsthreecategoriesfundamentaltotheanalysisofinequality:class,statusandparty.Inequalitymaybelocatedineconomicallydefined（3）butcouldalsobefoundedinstatusgroupsandpoliticalparties.Inthiselaborationhesoughttorefinethemeasurementofinequalityandtoshowthepotentialsingularityofhiscriteria（4）theirconnectedness.Forexample,powerisoftenlinkedtoclass-basedwealthbutitcanbeseparatedinsituations（5）powerislinkedtoknowledge.Statusreferstostyleoflife.Italsoreferstosocialesteem,therespectandadmiration（6）apersonaccordingtohisorhersocialpositionandthiscanbelocal（7）structuralandtakeaccountofinterpersonalsubjectivities.Marx’sstressonstructuralrelationshipsandontheduplicitousnatureofculturetendstobereplacedbyaviewofclassesasrankedhierarchiesoffixedgroupings（8）individualsmaybemobile.Whilethecategoriesarefixedandclassesarebounded,individualsmay,（9）,changetheirclassposition.（10）,Weber’sdiscussionemphasizeshowbothclassandstatusdistinctioncanaffectpeople’slifechances,thatis,thechancesthatanindividualhastoshareintheeconomicandculturalgoodsofasociety.Materialandculturalgoodsareoften（11）distributedandclassandstatusrankingswillensurethatpeoplewillhave（12）accesstothesegoods.ThesefeaturesofWeber’sthoughtareimportantto（13）whenconsideringnon-classbasedsystemsof（14）.

Theopeningupoftherelationshipbetweeninequality,meaningandmanifestationallowsfortheconsiderationofsystemsofinequalityotherthanclass.Therearerankedsocietieswherethereisunequalaccesstopositionsofstatusandprestigeandthesearenotnecessarilylinkedto（15）.AnexampleisfoundinthosetraditionalAfricansocietieswherethechiefsdidnotliveata（16）standardoflivingthantheirsubjectsandwhereeconomieswereredistributive,（

17）,thechiefreceivedtributewhichhethen（18）hisfollowersasamarkofhisstatusandlargesse.ThepositionofmanyEuropeannoblefamiliesisacontemporaryexampleofrankedsociety:accessto（19）atitleislimited,usuallytofamilymembers,andmanyofthesetitledfamiliesare（20）wealthyandhavenopowerbyvirtueoftheirnobilityintheirsocieties.

問題1選項

A.hasdefinedto

B.isdefinedto

C.isdefinedas

D.definesas

問題2選項

A.fromthefaceof

B.inthefaceof

C.onthefaceof

D.tothefaceof

問題3選項

A.societies

B.categories

C.dimensions

D.classes

問題4選項

A.aswellas

B.besides

C.except

D.exceptfor

問題5選項

A.that

B.which

C.why

D.where

問題6選項

A.accorded

B.accords

C.isaccordedto

D.toaccord

問題7選項

A.ratherto

B.ratherthan

C.nootherthan

D.otherthan

問題8選項

A.where

B.throughwhich

C.inwhich

D.towhich

問題9選項

A.moreorless

B.anytheless

C.nonetheless

D.noless

問題10選項

A.However

B.Nevertheless

C.Furthermore

D.But

問題11選項

A.symmetrically

B.asymmetrically

C.fairly

D.unfairly

問題12選項

A.differential

B.similar

C.thesame

D.unequal

問題13選項

A.bearthemtomind

B.beartheminmind

C.beartomind

D.bearinmind

問題14選項

A.hierarchy

B.r