考研考博-英語-天津外國語大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津外國語大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thisnewbookhasreceivedseveralreviewssinceitspublication;butnoneofthemhavemadeajust（）ofthebook.

問題1選項

A.calculation

B.evaluation

C.profit

D.register

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。calculation“估計”；evaluation“評價”；profit“利潤”；register“注冊”。句意：這本書出版以來已經(jīng)獲得了幾個評論，但是沒有一個評論是表示對這本書的評價。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

Thecitywasunpreparedwhenthe______dangerofhurricanesbecamereality,bringingdestructivewavesthat______everythingintheirpath.

問題1選項

A.ambivalent…detracted

B.profound…assuaged

C.colloquial…supplanted

D.hypothetical…obliterated

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ambivalent…detracted矛盾的，好惡相克的……轉(zhuǎn)移，使分心B.profound…assuaged深厚的……平息，緩和

C.colloquial…supplanted通俗的，口語的……代替，排擠掉D.hypothetical…obliterated假設(shè)的，愛猜想的……消滅，沖刷

【答案】D

【考查點】形容詞和動詞辨析。

【解題思路】第一個空格根據(jù)后面的becamereality（成為現(xiàn)實）可知，hypothetical符合句意；第二個空格根據(jù)destructivewaves（毀滅性的波濤）可知，______everythingintheirpath表示的是“沖刷著道路上的一切”。因此，該題選擇D項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項不符合句意。

【句意】當人們假設(shè)的颶風(fēng)的危險變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實時，這座城市還沒有做好準備，毀滅性的波濤沖刷著他們道路上的一切。

3.翻譯題

隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和城市化水平的提高,未來的能源消費狀況及由此帶來的環(huán)境污染問題日益受到人們的關(guān)注。本文簡要回顧了1980年以來我國能源消費狀況并分析了相應(yīng)的環(huán)境問題，對我國未來能源狀況及可能帶來的環(huán)境影響設(shè)置了3種情景進行了預(yù)測和分析，得出我國今后因能源消費的SO2，NOx，CO2和煙塵等排放量依然很高，但不同情景的預(yù)測結(jié)果有較大區(qū)別，并提出通過提高能源效率以及加強清潔、可再生能源的開發(fā)利用來解決能源消費帶來的環(huán)境問題。

【答案】WiththedevelopmentofChina'seconomyandtheimprovementofthelevelofurbanization,thefutureenergyconsumptionsituationandtheresultingenvironmentalpollutionproblemsareincreasinglyconcernedbypeople.ThispaperbrieflyreviewstheenergyconsumptionstatusinChinasince1980andanalyzesthecorrespondingenvironmentalproblems,thefutureofourcountryenergysituationandtheenvironmentalimpactofsetupthreekindsofsituationhascarriedontheforecastandanalysis,itisconcludedthatthefutureduetotheenergyconsumptionofSO2,NOxandCO2andsootemissionsisstillhigh,butdifferentscenariospredictedresultshavegreatdifferences,andputforwardbyimprovingenergyefficiency,andstrengthenthedevelopmentandutilizationofcleanandrenewableenergytosolvetheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyenergyconsumption.

4.單選題

Iamsureyouwouldhaveseenherifyou（

）thatevening.

問題1選項

A.hadturnedout

B.hadturnedon

C.hadturnedin

D.hadturnedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。turnout“結(jié)果是”；turnon“打開”；turnin“交上”；turnup“出現(xiàn)”。句意：我確信如果你那天晚上出現(xiàn)的話肯定能夠看到她。選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

Itisaninescapablefactthattomostpeople______whenfailingpowersofmindorbodymakeitimpossibleforthemtomanagetheirdailyliveswithoutsomesortofhelp.

問題1選項

A.whosetimecomes

B.forwhomtimecomes

C.itcomestime

D.therecomesatime

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.whosetimecomes……的時候到了B.forwhomtimecomes對于某人來說時候到了

C.itcomestime時候到了D.therecomesatime有這么一個時候

【考查點】固定句式。

【解題思路】由空格后面的when可知，therecomesatimewhen…為常用的固定句式，表示“……時候到了，有這么一個時候……”。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】

Fact后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，不能用whose或者whom來充當從句中的主語，A、B選項不符合從句語法；

C選項沒有這個用法，排除。

【句意】對大多數(shù)人來說，有這么一個時候，當心智或身體力量的衰退使他們在沒有某種幫助的情況下無法管理他們的日常生活，這是一個不可避免的事實。

6.單選題

Thetechnologicaladvancesmadeitpossibleforthemiddleclassestoenjoywhathadoncebeen（）onlytotheveryrich.

問題1選項

A.manageable

B.measurable

C.acceptable

D.affordable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。manageable“可管理的”；measurable“可衡量的”；acceptable“可接受的”；affordable“可負擔得起的”。句意：技術(shù)的進步讓中產(chǎn)階級也能夠享受原本只有富人能夠供應(yīng)得起的東西。D項符合題意。

7.單選題

Activistparentssayschoolkidsaren't_______enoughtounderstandthatafruit-flavoredsoftdrinkdoesn'thavethenutritionalbenefitsofrealfruit.

問題1選項

A.adulterated

B.mingled

C.sophisticated

D.refined

【答案】C

【解析】adulterated摻入次級品的;mingle（使）混合;sophisticated富有經(jīng)驗的，老練的;refine精煉，改善。句意：一些激進的父母說，學(xué)校里的孩子還不夠成熟，不能理解水果味的軟飲料并不含有水果中所含的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。選項C符合句意。

8.單選題

IdeasabouteducationarechangingintheUnitedStates.Educationtodayisnotjustahighschooldiplomaoracollegedegree.Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Theyareinterestedinotherkindsoflearning.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.

Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.Italsogivesthemachancetoimprovetheiroldskillsortolearnnewones.

Secretaries,mechanics,andbarberscantakeclassestoimprovetheirworkskills.Nursescantakeclassestoincreasetheirknowledgeofnursing.Iftheyknowmoreorlearnmore,thentheycangetabetterjoborearnmoremoney.

Continuingeducationclassesgivesomeadultsthechancetolearnnewskills.Thereisusuallyalargevarietyofclassestochoosefrom,typing,foreigncooking,photography,autorepair,furniturerepair,orswimming.Theseareonlysomeoftheclassesavailable.

Someadultstakeclassesforfunorbecausetheclasswillbeusefulforthem.Forexample,theycanchooseaclassinalmostanylanguage,Chinese,SpanishorEnglishasasecondlanguage.Thereareclassesinfirstaidorclassesinsewing.Therearealsomanyothertypesofclassestochoosefrom.

Otheradultstakecontinuingeducationclassestoimprovetheirownlivesbecausetheywanttofeelbetteraboutthemselves.Overweightpeoplecanfindexerciseclassesorclassesinnutrition.Otherscanlearnhowtobegoodparents,orhowtogetalongwithotherpeople.Therearemanyopportunitiesforadultstocontinuetheirlearning.Almostanycommunitycollegeorpublicschoolsystemhasacontinuingeducationprogram.Thereareclassesinschools,communitybuildings,orchurches.Mostclassesareintheevening,soworkingpeoplecanattend.Theclassesareusuallysmall,andtheyareinexpensive.

Thousandsofpeopleregisterforcontinuingeducationclasseseachyear.Theyreceivenodiplomaorcertificate,andnogradeformostoftheclassestheyattend.Forthem,learningissomethingtheydobecausetheywantto.

1.Lotsofpeopleattendcontinuingeducationclassesbecause（

）.

2.Someadultstakelessonsoftypingorautorepairto（

）.

3.What’sthemainideaofPara.7?

4.Attendingcontinuingeducationclasses（

）.

5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.theycanalsogotochurchatthesametime

B.therearemanycoursestheycanchoosefrom

C.learningissomethingtheyareinterestedin

D.theclasseswillhelpthembecomemoreconfident

問題2選項

A.getacollegeeducation

B.learnnewskills

C.getacertificate

D.earngrades

問題3選項

A.Adultscancontinuetheirlearning.

B.Classesareheldforworkingpeople.

C.Mostcontinuingeducationclassesareintheevening.

D.Adultshavemanyopportunitiestocontinuetheirlearning.

問題4選項

A.isexpensive

B.requiresaloan

C.isfreeofcharge

D.doesnotcostmuchmoney

問題5選項

A.adulteducationisverypopular

B.collegeeducationisnotimportant

C.otherskindsoflearningaremoreimportantthanschoollearning

D.continuingeducationclassesteachthesamecoursesthataretaughtincolleges

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第四段：Thereisusuallyalargevarietyofclassestochoosefrom...：有很多不同類型的課程可以選擇。確定B選項‘有許多課程可供選擇‘正確。A選項‘他們可以同時去教堂’，文章沒有提及。根據(jù)文章第二段:Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.繼續(xù)教育給這些成年人有機會增加本領(lǐng)域的知識或了解一個新領(lǐng)域。并沒有提及是新領(lǐng)域的東西就是他們所感興趣的，所以C選項‘學(xué)習(xí)他們感興趣的東西’排除。D選項‘課程有助于使他們更加自信’文章沒有提及。

2.根據(jù)文章第一段：Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.許多成年人不再對大學(xué)感興趣。對于他們來說，學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅意味著取得文憑。確定A選項‘獲得大學(xué)教育‘和C選項‘獲得文憑’與原文不符，排除。根據(jù)文章第三段：Iftheyknowmoreorlearnmore,thentheycangetabetterjoborearnmoremoney.如果他們知道的多或?qū)W到的多，他們就會找到更好的工作，掙到更多的錢。確定B選項‘學(xué)新技術(shù)‘正確。D選項‘提升等級’文章沒有提及。

3.根據(jù)文章第七段：Therearemanyopportunitiesforadultstocontinuetheirlearning.繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的機會很多。這句話就是這段的主題句，所以D選項‘成年人繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)機會很多‘正確。A選項’成年人可以繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)‘不符合題意。B選項’各類班級是專門為職場人設(shè)計的‘和C選項’大多數(shù)斷續(xù)教育班都在晚上開課。因為課程班大多在晚上開班，有利于職場人參加學(xué)習(xí)‘不符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第七段：Theclassesareusuallysmall,andtheyareinexpensive.班級規(guī)模一般較小，費用較低。確定D選項‘不需要太多錢‘正確。A選項‘昂貴的’、B選項‘需要貸款’、C選項‘免費’與原文不符，排除。

5.根據(jù)文章第一段：IdeasabouteducationarechangingintheUnitedStates.Educationtodayisnotjustahighschooldiplomaoracollegedegree.Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Theyareinterestedinotherkindsoflearning.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.在美國，教育觀念正在改變。今天，教育不僅僅是一張高中文憑或大學(xué)學(xué)歷。許多成年人不再對大學(xué)感興趣，他們感興趣的是其他類型的學(xué)習(xí)。對于他們來說，學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅意味著取得文憑。再根據(jù)文章第二段Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.Italsogivesthemachancetoimprovetheiroldskillsortolearnnewones.繼續(xù)教育給這些成年人有機會增加本頌域知知識或了解一個新領(lǐng)域，同時也使他們有機會提高原有的技術(shù)和學(xué)習(xí)新的技術(shù)。確定A選項‘成人教育很受歡迎‘正確。B選項‘大學(xué)教育不重要’、C選項‘其它類型的學(xué)習(xí)比學(xué)校教育更重要’、和D選項‘繼續(xù)教育班教授的課程與大學(xué)課程一樣’原文都沒有提及。

9.單選題

Hewasproudofbeingchosentoparticipateinthegameandhe（

）usthathewouldtryashardaspossible.

問題1選項

A.insured

B.guaranteed

C.assumed

D.assured

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。insure確保，投保；guarantee保證，擔保，一般指對事物的品質(zhì)或人的行為作出“擔保”；assume假定，設(shè)想；assure保證，擔保，使確信，一般指：使人對某事感到肯定或放心。

句意：被選中參加比賽讓他感到很自豪，并向我們保證他會盡他最大的努力。選項D更符合語境。

10.翻譯題

舞獅是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物(mascot)。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護人類。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代，獅舞就己經(jīng)被引入了皇室，因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。

【答案】LiondanceisoneofthemostpopularfolkdancesinChina.Thelionisthekingofanimals.InChinesetradition,thelionisregardedasamascot,whichcanbringgoodluck.Theancientsawthelionastheembodimentofcourageandstrength,whichcoulddriveawayevilandprotecthumanbeings.Itisrecordedthattheliondancehasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Inthetangdynasty,theliondancewasintroducedintotheroyalfamily.Therefore,performingtheliondanceattheLanternFestivalandotherfestiveoccasionsbecameacustomwherepeoplecouldprayforgoodluck,safetyandhappiness.

11.單選題

Numerousstudiesalreadylinkthefirstmealofthedaytobetterclassroom（）.

問題1選項

A.performance

B.function

C.behavior

D.display

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。performance“表現(xiàn)”；function“功能”；behavior“行為”；display“展示”。句意：許多研究已經(jīng)將一天的第一頓飯與更好的課堂表現(xiàn)聯(lián)系起來。A項符合題意。

12.單選題

John’soutstandingperformanceinthecompetitionprovedthathewasa______winner.

問題1選項

A.worthwhile

B.worthy

C.worth

D.worthless

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.worthwhile重要的，值得的B.worthy值得的，值得尊敬、注意的

C.worth值……的D.worthless無價值的，不值錢的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由outstandingperformance（出色表現(xiàn)）和prove（證明）可知，a______winner中的空格應(yīng)該表示“值得的”。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項表示值得花時間、金錢、努力等，不符合句意；

C項只用作表語，不用于名詞前作定語；

D選項不符合句意。

【句意】約翰在比賽中的出色表現(xiàn)證明他是當之無愧的勝利者。

13.單選題

Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearitandthis_______producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

問題1選項

A.absorption

B.transition

C.consumption

D.interaction

【答案】A

【解析】absorption吸收;transition過渡,轉(zhuǎn)變;consumption消費,消耗;interaction相互作用。句意：水從固體變成液體,會吸收附近所有物質(zhì)的熱量,這種吸收會在周圍產(chǎn)生人工寒潮。選項A符合句意。

14.單選題

America’sCongresspassedahousingbillthatincludesmeasurestoshoreupFannieMaeandFreddieMac,twotroubledmortgagegiants.

問題1選項

A.censure

B.imprecate

C.upbraid

D.bolster

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項censure“嚴厲斥責，正式譴責”；B選項imprecate“詛咒；祈求”；C選項upbraid“責罵；訓(xùn)斥”；D選項bolster“支持，支撐；給（座位）加軟墊；改善，鞏固；增強，激勵”。句意：美國國會通過了一項住房法案，其中包括支持房利美和房地美這兩個陷入困境的抵押貸款巨頭的措施。shoreup“支持，支撐；加固”。D選項與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項正確。

15.單選題

Thereisno（

）tothehousefromthemainroad.

問題1選項

A.access

B.avenue

C.exposure

D.edge

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。access通道；avenue林蔭大道；exposure暴露；edge邊緣。

句意：從大路沒有通道通往這個房子。選項A符合句意。

16.單選題

TWAwascriticizedfortryingtocoverupthetruthratherthanpromptlynotifyingvictims'families.

問題1選項

A.briefly

B.quickly

C.accurately

D.earnestly

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:環(huán)球航空公司被詬病其試圖掩蓋真相而不是立馬通知遇難者家屬的行為。

briefly短暫地，簡略地。quickly迅速地，很快地。accurately精確地，準確地。earnestly認真地，誠摯地。promptly迅速地。故選B。

17.單選題

Applepieis（）neithergoodnorbad;itisthewayitisusedthatdeterminesitsvalue.

問題1選項

A.atitself

B.asitself

C.onitself

D.initself

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定用法。四個選項中只有“initself本質(zhì)上”是固定短語，因此D選項符合題意。句意：從本質(zhì)上來看，蘋果派既不好也不壞;它的使用方式?jīng)Q定了它的價值。

18.單選題

Intheworldofshowbusiness,forexample,fameisapttobebreathtakingly（

）,ayearinthelimelightfollowedbytotalobscurity.

問題1選項

A.ephemeral

B.peripheral

C.perpetual

D.evanescent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項ephemeral“短暫的；朝生暮死的”；B選項peripheral“外圍的；次要的”；C選項perpetual“永久的；四季開花的”；D選項evanescent“容易消散的；逐漸凋零的”。句意：例如，在演藝界，名聲往往是驚人地……，引人注目的一年之后，就完全默默無聞了。本句表示名聲時間段，應(yīng)該搭配“短暫的”更合適，因此A選項正確。

19.單選題

（）mywife’sconsistentencouragementIwouldn’thaveaccomplishedmygraduatestudy.

問題1選項

A.Butfor

B.Butwith

C.Exceptfor

D.Exceptthat

【答案】A

【解析】連詞詞義辨析。Butfor“要不是”；exceptfor“除了，排除在外”，后接名詞，動名詞。Exceptthat“排除在外”，后接句子。沒有butwith的結(jié)構(gòu)，可排除。句意：要不是我妻子的一直以來的鼓勵，我肯定不會完成研究生學(xué)習(xí)。選項A符合題意。

20.單選題

（）thattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.

問題1選項

A.Socleveraretheconstructionrobots

B.Soclevertheconstructionrobotsare

C.Suchconstructionrobotsareclever

D.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。so/such和that搭配都可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，such后接名詞，so后接副詞或形容詞，結(jié)構(gòu)：so+adj.+a/an+名詞，such+a/an+adj.+名詞，so和such謂語句首要用部分倒裝，選項A符合題意。句意：建筑用機器人是如此的聰明，以至于他們能夠減少工地用量的百分之九十。選項A符合題意。

21.單選題

Mansonwasascientistofunusual（）andimaginationwhohadstartlingsuccessin（）newandfundamentalprincipleswellinadvanceoftheirgeneralrecognition.

問題1選項

A.restiveness,acknowledging

B.precision,coordinating

C.candor,dispelling

D.insight,discerning

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞和動詞辨析。A選項restiveness,acknowledging“難以駕御；倔強”，“承認；答謝；報償；告知已收到”；B選項precision,coordinating“精度，精密度；精確”，“調(diào)節(jié)，配合；使動作協(xié)調(diào)；（衣服、家具等）搭配；與……形成共價鍵”；C選項candor,dispelling“坦白；直率”；“驅(qū)散，驅(qū)逐；消除（煩惱等）”；D選項insight,discerning“洞察力；洞悉”，“覺察出；識別；辨別；了解；隱約看見”。句意：作為一位科學(xué)家，馬里遜具有非凡的洞悉力和想象力，遠在某些全新的基本原理被人們普遍認識之前，他早就能夠成功地令人吃驚地將其察覺發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此D選項正確。

22.單選題

Formostofus,workisthecentral,dominatingfactoroflife.Wespendmorethanhalfourconscioushoursatwork,preparingforwork,travelingtoandfromwork.Whatwedotherelargelydeterminesourstandardoflivingandtoaconsiderableextentthestatusweareaccordedbyourfellowcitizensaswell.Itissometimessaidthatbecauseleisurehasbecomemoreimportant,theindignitiesandinjusticesofworkcanbepushedintoacorner;thatbecausemoreworkisprettyintolerable,thepeoplewhodoitshouldcompensateforitsboredom,frustrationsandhumiliationsbyconcentratingtheirhopesontheotherpartsoftheirlives.Irejectthatasacounselofdespair.Fortheforeseeablefuturethematerialandpsychologicalrewardswhichworkcanprovide,andtheconditionsinwhichworkisdone,willcontinuetoplayavitalpartindeterminingthesatisfactionthatlifecanoffer.Yetonlyasmallminoritycancontrolthepaceatwhichtheyworkortheconditionsinwhichtheirworkisdone;onlyforasmallminoritydoesworkofferscopeforcreativity,imagination,orinitiative.

Inequalityatworkandinworkisstilloneofthecruelestandmostglaringformsofinequalityinoursociety.Wecannothopetosolvethemoreobviousproblemsofindustriallife,manyofwhicharisedirectlyorindirectlyfromtheinequalityatwork.Stilllesscanwehopetocreateadecentandhumanesociety.

Themostglaringinequalityisthatbetweenmanagersandtherest.Formostmanagers,workisanopportunityandachallenge.Theirjobsengagetheirinterestandallowthemtodeveloptheirabilities.Theyareabletoexerciseresponsibility;theyhaveaconsiderabledegreeofcontrolovertheirownandtheothers’workinglives.Mostimportantofall,theyhavetheopportunitytoinitiate.Bycontrast,formostmanualworkers,workisaboring,monotonous,evenpainfulexperience.Theyspendalltheirworkinglivesinconditionswhichwouldberegardedasintolerableforthemselvesbythosewhotakethedecisionswhichletsuchconditionscontinue.Themajorityhavelittlecontrolovertheirwork;itprovidesthemwithnoopportunityforpersonaldevelopment.Oftenproductionissodesignedthatworkersaresimplypartofthetechnology.Inoffices,manyjobsaresoroutinethatworkersjustifiablyfeelthemselvestobemerecogsinthebureaucraticmachine.Asadirectconsequenceoftheirworkexperience,manyworkersfeelalienatedfromtheirworkandtheirfirm,whetheritisinpublicorinprivateownership.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,it’strueaboutworkthat（

）

.

2.Whatadvantagedomanagershaveovertheotherworkers?

3.Workingconditionsgenerallyremainbadbecause（

）.

4.Whatfrustratestheworkersinamodernsociety?

問題1選項

A.one’shappylifelargelydependsonwhetherhisworkisrewarding

B.concentratingonyourworkisacounselwhenyouareindespair

C.peopleshouldtrytoavoidtheintolerableunfairnessofwork

D.dignitybecomesmoreandmoreimportantthanwork

問題2選項

A.Theycancontrolotherpeople’slives.

B.Theycanmaketheirowndecisions.

C.Theycanworkatwhateverintereststhem.

D.Theycangettimeofftoattendcourses.

問題3選項

A.theworkerslosetheirintereststochangethem

B.fewpeoplecandecidewhattodoaboutthem

C.officeworkerswanttoprotecttheirpositions

D.managersdonotwanttochangethem

問題4選項

A.Theirworkinterfereswiththeirprivatelives.

B.Theyareincapableofdoingtheirworkproperly.

C.Theyfeeltheyarejustasmallandsubordinatepartofit.

D.Theirlivesarecomplicatedduetotechnologicaladvances.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Fortheforeseeablefuture...thesatisfactionthatlifecanoffer.”在可預(yù)見的將來,工作所能提供的物質(zhì)和精神回報以及工作環(huán)境,將繼續(xù)在決定生活所能提供的滿意度方面發(fā)揮重要作用。也就是說,一個人的幸福生活在很大程度上取決于他的工作是否有回報。選項A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的三四句“Theirjobsengagetheirinterest...theothers’workinglives.”他們對自己的工作感興趣,能夠發(fā)揮自己的才能。他們能夠履行職責;對自己和他人的工作有相當大的控制權(quán)。由此可以推斷,經(jīng)理的優(yōu)勢就是可以自己做決定,選項B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段“Theyspendalltheirworkinglivesinconditionswhichwouldberegardedasintolerableforthemselvesbythosewhotakethedecisionswhichletsuchconditionscontinue.”他們所有的工作生活都是在一種他們認為無法忍受的條件下度過的,而作出決定的人卻讓這種條件繼續(xù)下去。這里“作出決定的人”指的就是經(jīng)理,所以選項D正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段最后幾句,大多數(shù)人對自己的工作幾乎沒有控制權(quán);沒有個人發(fā)展的機會。通常生產(chǎn)是如此設(shè)計的,工人只是技術(shù)的一部分。在辦公室里,許多工作都是例行公事,以至于工人們理所當然地覺得自己只是官僚機器的齒輪。選項C符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

23.單選題

ForumfortheFuture,workingwithTescoandUnilever,reckonthatby2022whatwebuy,howwebuyitandwhofromwillhavechangedradically.Intheirreport,RetailFutures,theylookahead15yearstoseewhatliesinstoreforshoppersandtheretailgroups.Theyseenotonlyneworbiggerstorechains,moresprawlingretailparks,andmorepoultryproductsandpastasauces.Theirvisionsrangefrommulti-storeycarparksconvertedintocitycentreallotmentsor"verticalfarms"withproducemarketswheretheparkingpaymentboothsoncewere.toanationofstay-at-homeshopperswholettheirfingersdothewalkingtoorderinalmosteverythingtheyneedorlettheirrefrigeratorsdothetalking,withautomatic,direct-to-storereorderingandhomedeliveryeverytimeyoghurt,saladorbeerstocksrunlow.

ForumfortheFuture,asustainabledevelopmentcharityfoundedbyveteranenvironmentalistSirJonathonPorrittandwhichnowadvisesmorethan100organizationsinthepublicandprivatesector,saystherealityof2022isprobablysomewherebetweenthetwoextremes."Itwillbeamixture,"saidTomBerry,theForum'smainsustainabilityadviser.

Thehighstreetisvitaltotheeconomyandtheenvironment：nearlythreemillionpeopleworkinretailwhichgenerates6%ofUKGDP—and2.5%ofthecountry'scarbondioxideemissions.TheForumsaysstoresandretailgroupshave"adisproportionateinfluenceoversociety"asaresultofmarketingcampaignsanddailydealingswithconsumers.

TheForum'sresearchersidentifiedarangeoffactorswhichwillaffectwhatwebuy,howwebuyandwhowewillbuyfrominthenext15years.Theyinclude:climatechange,whichislikelytoaffectagriculturalproduction;higherorloweroilprices;newtechnology;advancesinenergyproduction;moreglobalizationanddemographicchangesthatwillmeanmoreimmigrantlaborandmoreelderlyandsinglepersonhouseholds.

Theycouldpromptnewshoppingformats,saystheForum,like"TescoSilver"outletswithcustomizedproductsforretiredbabyboomers.Theyalsoreckonthebellcouldbetollingforendlessaislesofutilityproductsliketoiletpaperandbinliners,whichmightonlybesoldonline,orfromautilitysectionatthebackofastore,alongsidevastvatsofliquidslikefabricconditioner,whereshopperscouldfillreusablecontainers.Thelongqueueatthecheckoutcouldalsobehistorywhenbarcodesarereadforpricesimmediatelyanitemisdroppedintoatrolley.

Theonlinerevolution,saystheForum,hasonlyjuststarted:"Wecananticipateinnovationssuchasenteringyourpostcodeforhyper-localsourcing."Consumers,however,mightalsousetheinternettocutoutthemiddlemanandsourcedirectfromfarmsandmanufacturers,soposingathreattomajorretailers".

TheexplosioninthenumberofTVchannelsandtheriseoftheinternettodownloadentertainmentmeansstorechainswillhavetoworkfarhardertobuild,andkeep,consumers'trust.Oneretailertoldtheresearchers:"Wewon'tbeabletorelyonhittingmillionsofpeopleat7:45p.m.onaWednesdaynightwithaCoronationStreetadvertisingslot."

TheForumcameupwithfourdifferentvisionsofthefuturedependingonhighorloweconomicgrowthandchangingconsumeroutlooks;whethershopperswantmoreconvenienceortodomoreforthemselves;perhapsbuyingmorelocallysourcedproductswithmoreinformationaboutwhattheirfamiliesareeatingandwearing.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

2.WhichofthefollowingbehaviorshasbeencarriedoutbyForumfortheFutureaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothereport,theshoppingscenarioforshoppersandretailersin15yearstimewillincludethefollowings,except（）

.

4.Whichofthefollowingaspectshasinfluenceonpeople'sshoppingbehaviorsaccordingtotheresearchers?

5.WhentheForumadvancesfourkindsoffutureconsumption,theconditionnottakenintoconsiderationis（）.

問題1選項

A.Thebigretailersandexpertshaveforecastanindividualistic,optimisticsocietywheretechnologyisheldinveryhighregards.

B.Thebigretailersandexpertshavegazedintothefutureandseenanewworldofshopping.

C.Thebigretailersandexpertshaverecognizedthattheeconomyisbuoyantandbigbusinesswillmetshoppers'demands.

D.Thebigretailersandexpertshavepredictedthatconsumerconfidencewillbelowandpeoplerelyonbigbusinessforsecurity.

問題2選項

A.Itprovidesmethodsforconsumerstomeasuretheirenergyuseandcarbonemission.

B.Itpromotescampaignsforthebigretailerstobuildupconsumerconfidence.

C.Itprovidescounselsforsomepublicandprivateorganizations.

D.Itpredictsthatthebigretailerswouldbecomemorepowerfulin2022.

問題3選項

A.verticalfarms

B.ordersfromhomerefrigerators

C.homedelivery

D.fingersdoingthewalking

問題4選項

A.Thechangesofthepopulation.

B.Theemissionofthecountry'scarbondioxide.

C.Theemergingofthebabyboomers.

D.Therearrangementatthebackofthestores.

問題5選項

A.smartpackageproducts

B.purchasingmorelocalproducts

C.economicgrowth

D.consumersperspectives

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要通過未來論壇來講述零售商和專家對未來商品銷售的展望和未來購物的全新方式。所以,選項B正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第一句"...whichnowadvisesmorethan100organizationsinthepublicandprivatesector,""未來論壇"是由資深環(huán)保人士JonathonPorritt爵士創(chuàng)立的一個可持續(xù)發(fā)展的慈善機構(gòu),目前為100多個公共和私營部門的組織提供咨詢服務(wù)。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第一段后半部分的內(nèi)容可知,消費者和零售商在未來15年的購物情景包括在家購物,家用冰箱直接下單以及送貨上門。只有選項A"垂直農(nóng)場"不是未來的趨勢,而是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)存在的。

4.根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知,在未來的15年影響人們的購物行為的因素包括氣候的變化,石油價格,新科技,能源的生產(chǎn)與發(fā)展,全球化的加大和人口變化。四個選項中只有選項A正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,論壇提出了四種不同的未來愿景,這些愿景取決于經(jīng)濟增長的快慢和消費者觀念的變化;消費者是想要更多的便利,還是想為自己做更多的事;又或者是購買更多適合家人飲食習(xí)慣的當?shù)靥禺a(chǎn)。只有選項A沒有提及,所以本題選A。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

24.單選題

Thegovernmentpromisedto（）anewsystemtocontrolfinancialloaninstitutions.

問題1選項

A.implement

B.complement

C.supplement

D.compliment

【答案】A

【解析】implement實施,執(zhí)行；complement補充；supplement增補；compliment恭維,稱贊。句意：政府承諾實施新的制度來控制金融貸款機構(gòu)。選項A符合句意。

25.單選題

USAisoneofthePowersintheworld,butit'sa(n)（）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.

問題1選項

A.paradox

B.prejudice

C.dilemma

D.conflict

【答案】A

【解析】paradox悖論,自相矛盾的人或事；prejudice偏見；dilemma困境；conflict沖突,矛盾。句意：美國是世界大國之一,但在如此富裕的國家卻有如此多的窮人,這是一個悖論。

26.單選題

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludesthewhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorU.S.nativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresenttonatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheU.S.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacing.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1933,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAU.S.$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoft