考研考博-英語-華東交通大學考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華東交通大學考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenhetriedtomakea（）,hefoundthatthehotelwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

問題1選項

A.reservation

B.claim

C.mess

D.revision

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項reservation“預約，保留”，B項claim“宣稱，要求”，C項mess“混亂”，D項revision“修正，復習”。根據關鍵詞hotel（酒店）可知，空格部分表示“預約”，makeareservation固定搭配，表示“預定，預約”；句意：當他試圖預訂房間時，他發(fā)現由于一個會議的舉辦旅館已經客滿了。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

2.單選題

Truepatriotism（

）puttingtheinterestsofone'scountryaboveeverything,includingone'sownlife.

問題1選項

A.derivesfrom

B.lieswith

C.restson

D.consistsin

【答案】D

【解析】句意:真正的愛國精神在于把國家的利益看得高于一切，包括個人生命。

考查短語辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞短語的三單形式。derivefrom起源于,來自,導出;liewith取決于;reston依靠,信賴,停留在;consistin在于,存在于。故D符合句意。

3.寫作題

Writeanessayonthegiventopic"OnUniversity".Basedonthefollowingoutline,presentyourargumentwithsupportingdetailsofnolessthan250words.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

1.大學的功能

2.大學是否實現了目標

3.如何改進

【答案】OnUniversity

Itisaclearfactthatourcountryattachesgreatimportancetoeducationandtherearemuchmorestudentswhobecomeuniversityfreshmeneachyear.Althoughtheyhaveenteredintotheiridealsanctum,dotheyreallyknowabouttheuniversity?

Inmyopinion,universityisnotonlyaplaceofacquiringknowledgebutaplaceofgettingintegrateddevelopmentaswell.Auniversitystudentisonthebestphaseofforminghisowncharacteranddevelopinghisall-aroundcapacity.However,teachersintheclassstillkeeptotraditionalteachingmethod,whichhardlycreateakindofenvironmentwherestudentshavechancetoexpresstheirownthoughts.Inaddition,auniversitycanbedescribedasabridgebetweenstudentsandsociety.Ifitdoesn’tlinkthebothsides,ornotenough,oncestudentsstepintosociety,theymaybepuzzledbymanythingsandscarcelyknowhowtodealwiththem.Sohowtoimproveuniversityeducation?Weshouldinnovateuponteachingmethodonthebasisoftraditionalonesoastoletstudentshavemorechancestospeakouttheirownthinking.Wecanalsoholdasmalldiscussingmeetingtodealwiththerealproblemsfromsociety,thereforewhenstudentsgooutofthecampus,theywilladaptthemselvestothesocietyquickly.

Tosumup,nowadaysthemainproblemsexistinginuniversityeducationisthatmoststudentslackofabilitytothinkindependentlyandtodealwithcomplexthingsinoursociety.I’msuretheseproblemswillbesolvedaslongascorrectandeffectivemeasurescanbetaken.

4.單選題

Theotherproblemthatarisesfromtheemploymentofwomenisthatoftheworkingwife.Ithastwoaspects:thatofthewifewhoismoreofasuccessthanherhusbandandthatofthewifewhomustrelyheavilyonherhusbandforhelpwithdomestictasks.Therearevariouswaysinwhichtheimpactofthefirstdifficultycanbereduced.Providedthathusbandandwifearenotinthesameordirectlycomparablelinesofwork,theharshfactofhergreatersuccesscanbeobscuredbyagenialconspiracytorejectapurelymonetarymeasureofachievementasintolerablycrude.Wherethereareranks,itisbestifthecoupleworkindifferentfieldssothatthehusbandcanfindsomespecialreasonforthesuperiorityofthelowestfigureinhistothemostelevatedinhiswife’s.

Aproblemthataffectsamuchlargernumberofworkingwivesistheneedtore-allocatedomestictasksiftherearechildren.InTheRoadtoWiganPierGeorgeOrwellwroteoftheunemployedoftheLancashirecoalfields:“Practicallynever…inaworking-classhome,willyouseethemandoingastrokeofthehousework.Unemploymenthasnotchangedthisconvention,whichonthefaceofitseemsalittleunfair.Themanisidlefrommorningtonightbutthewomanisasbusyasever—moreso,indeed,becauseshehastomanagewithlessmoney.Yetsofarasmyexperiencegoesthewomendonotprotest.Theyfeelthatamanwouldlosehismanhoodif,merelybecausehewasoutofwork,hedevelopedina‘MaryAnn’.”

Itisoverthecareofyoungchildrenthatthisre-allocationofdutiesbecomesreallysignificant.Forthis,unlikethecookingoffishfingersorthemakingofbeds,isaninescapablytime-consumingoccupation,andtimeiswhatthefullyemployedwifehasnomoretospareofthanherhusband.

Themaleinitiativeincourtshipisaprettyindiscriminateaffair,somethingthatistriedonwithanyremotelyplausiblewomanwhocomeswithinrangeand,ofcourse,withalldegreesoftentativeness.Whatdecidestheissueofwhetheragenuinecourtshipisgoingtogetunderwayisthewoman’sresponse.Ifsheshowsinteresttheenginesofpersuasionaresetinmovement.Thetruthisthatincourtshipsocietygiveswomentherealpowerwhilepretendingtogiveittomen.

Whatdoesseemclearisthatthemoremenandwomenaretogether,atworkandawayfromit,themorethecomprehensiveamorousnessofmentowardswomenwillhavetogo,despiteallitspastevolutionaryservices.Foritisthisthatmakesinferiorityatworkabrasiveand,moreindirectly,makesdomesticworkseemunmanly,ifthereistobeanequalizingredistributionofeconomicanddomestictasksbetweenmenandwomentheremustbeacompensatingredistributionoftheeroticinitiative.Ifwomenwillnolongerletusbeatthem,theymustallowustojointhemastheblushingrecipientsofflowersandchocolates.

1.Thefirstparagraphadvisestheworkingwifewhoismoresuccessfulthanherhusbandto（）.

2.Orwell’spictureofrelationsbetweenmanandwifeinWiganPierdescribesarelationshipwhichtheauthorofthepassage（）.

3.Thelastparagraphstressesthatifwomenaretoholdimportantjobs,thentheymust（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutthepresentformofcourtship?

問題1選項

A.workinthesamesortofjobasherhusband

B.playdownhersuccess,makingitsoundunimportant

C.stresshowmuchthefamilygainsfromherhighsalary

D.introducemorelabour-savingmachineryintothehome

問題2選項

A.thinksisthenaturalone

B.wishestoseepreserved

C.believesisfair

D.issuremustchange

問題3選項

A.sometimesmakethefirstadvancesinlove

B.allowmentoflirtwithmanywomen

C.stopacceptingpresentsofflowersandchocolates

D.avoidmakingtheirhusbandslooklike“MaryAnns”

問題4選項

A.Thewoman’sreactiondecidesthefateofcourtship.

B.Eachman“makespasses”atmanywomen.

C.Menareequallyseriousaboutcourtship.

D.Themanleaveshimselftheopportunitytogiveupthechasequickly.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Thefirstparagraphadvisestheworkingwifewhoismoresuccessfulthanherhusbandto______.1.第一段建議比丈夫更成功的職業(yè)女性去______。

A.workinthesamesortofjobasherhusbandA.和她的丈夫做同樣的工作

B.playdownhersuccess,makingitsoundunimportantB.淡化她的成功，讓它聽起來不重要

C.stresshowmuchthefamilygainsfromherhighsalaryC.強調家庭從她的高薪中得到了多少

D.introducemorelabour-savingmachineryintothehomeD.將更多省力的機器引入家庭

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據第一段第四句“只要丈夫和妻子沒有從事相同或者可進行比較的工作，拒絕粗魯地純粹以金錢來衡量成功，女性更為成功這個殘酷的事實就可能被巧妙的遮掩”，從這句話可知，如果妻子比丈夫更成功，只要丈夫和妻子沒有從事相同或者能夠比較的工作，那么女性可以淡化自己的成就。所以B項“淡化她的成功，讓它聽起來不重要”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“和她的丈夫做同樣的工作”，根據解題思路可知，原文建議妻子和丈夫不要做同樣的工作，該項反向干擾；

C項“強調家庭從她的高薪中得到了多少”表述與原文相反，原文是遮掩妻子成功的事實，該選項反而強調了她的成功，反向干擾；

D項“將更多省力的機器引入家庭”，原文未提及省力機器，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.Orwell’spictureofrelationsbetweenmanandwifeinWiganPierdescribesarelationshipwhichtheauthorofthepassage______.2.奧威爾在《維根碼頭》中對夫妻關系的描繪描述了一種作者______的關系。

A.thinksisthenaturaloneA.覺得它是很自然的一件事

B.wishestoseepreservedB.希望能保留下來

C.believesisfairC.認為是公平的

D.issuremustchangeD.一定要改變

【考查點】觀點態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據第二段的內容可知，Orwell在《維根碼頭》中描寫了一個失業(yè)者，男人從不分擔家務，尤其是工人階級的家庭。而女人們并不反對這種現狀，她們認為做家務會使男人喪失男子氣概。而作者在第三段提到，正是在照顧孩子方面，這種職責的重新分配才變得真正重要。這說明作者認為書中描述的狀態(tài)是不合理的，一定要改變。所以選項D正確。

【干擾項排除】A項“覺得它是很自然的一件事”、B項“希望能保留下來”和C項“認為是公平的”根據解題思路可知，這三項都與作者表達的態(tài)度相反，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Thelastparagraphstressesthatifwomenaretoholdimportantjobs,thentheymust______.3.最后一段強調，如果女性要擔任重要的工作，那么她們必須______。

A.sometimesmakethefirstadvancesinloveA.有時會在愛情中率先取得進展

B.allowmentoflirtwithmanywomenB.允許男人和很多女人調情

C.stopacceptingpresentsofflowersandchocolatesC.停止接受鮮花和巧克力禮物

D.avoidmakingtheirhusbandslooklike“MaryAnns”D.避免讓她們的丈夫看起來像娘娘腔

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先，定位至文章最后一段最后一句，“如果女士不允許男士在事業(yè)上打敗她們，她們必須允許男士加入到紅著臉接受鮮花和巧克力的隊伍”，從中可知，如果女性想要擔任重要的工作，她們必須允許男士也可以接受鮮花和巧克力，可以推斷，這里實際上是暗示女士在戀愛中也應該主動一些。A項“有時會在愛情中率先取得進展”符合這一分析。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項“允許男人和很多女人調情”在最后一段沒有提到，無中生有；

C項“停止接受鮮花和巧克力禮物”，原文是讓男性加入接受鮮花巧克力的行列，不代表女性就要停止接受，該項曲解原文；

D項“避免讓她們的丈夫看起來像娘娘腔”，原文只是在說到男性失業(yè)后在家里無所事事，女性不抱怨時，提及這一點，與女性擔任重要職位無關，該項張冠李戴。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutthepresentformofcourtship?4.關于現在的求愛形式，下列哪個陳述是不正確的？

A.Thewoman’sreactiondecidesthefateofcourtship.A.女人的反應決定了求愛的命運。

B.Eachman“makespasses”atmanywomen.B.每個男人都會和許多女人調情。

C.Menareequallyseriousaboutcourtship.C.男人在求愛問題上也同樣嚴肅。

D.Themanleaveshimselftheopportunitytogiveupthechasequickly.D.男人給自己留下了迅速放棄追求的機會。

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據倒數第二段的第一句“在求愛過程中，男性主動是一件不加以區(qū)別的事情（Themaleinitiativeincourtshipisaprettyindiscriminateaffair），他們會猶豫不決地嘗試著追求所接觸的有可能發(fā)展關系的女性”，從aprettyindiscriminateaffair（一件不加以區(qū)別的事情）可知，C項“男人在求愛問題上也同樣嚴肅”中的serious與原文相反。故該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】

A項“女人的反應決定了求愛的命運”，根據倒數第二段第二句“女人的反應決定了她們是否會開始真正的求愛”，可知該項與原文相符，屬于反向干擾；

B項“每個男人都會和許多女人調情”，根據解題思路可知，該項與原文相符，屬于反向干擾；

D項“男人給自己留下了迅速放棄追求的機會”，原文倒數第二段第一句說到“……男性猶豫不決地嘗試著追求所接觸的有可能發(fā)展關系的女性”，說明他們給自己留了退路，隨時準備放棄；該項與原文相符，屬于反向干擾。

5.單選題

Thetruthaboutalliancesandtheirmeritprobablyliessomewherebetweenthetravelutopiapresentedbytheplayersandtheevilempiresportrayedbytheircritics.

問題1選項

A.collaboration

B.worth

C.triumph

D.defect

【答案】B

【解析】merit“優(yōu)點，價值，功績”。A選項collaboration“合作，勾結”；B選項worth“價值，財產”；C選項triumph“生理，凱旋”；D選項defect“缺點，不足之處”。B選項與merit“價值”這一意思相近，因此B選項符合題意。

6.單選題

Therelationofthesalestaxtotheproblemofsocialbalanceisadmirablydirect.Thecommunityisrichinprivatelyproducedgoods.Itispoorinpublicservices.Theobvioussolutionistotaxtheformertoprovidethelatter—bymakingprivategoodsmoreexpensive,Thepublicgoodsaremademoreabundant.Motionpictures,electronicequipment,andcigarettesaremademorecostlysothatschoolscanbemorehandsomelysupported.Wepaymoreforsoap,make-ups,andvacuumcleanersinorderthatwemayhavecleanercitiesandfeweroccasionstousethem.Wehavemoreexpensivecarsandgasolinesothatwemayhavehighwaysandstreetsonwhichtodrivethem.Foodbeingcomparativelycheapandabundant,wetaxitinordertohavebetterservicesandbetterhealthinwhichtoenjoyit.Thisstraightforwardsolutionhasthefurtheradvantagethatsalestaxationcanbeemployedwithfairefficiencybystatesandevenbycities.Itisintheservicesrenderedbythesegovernmentsthattheproblemofsocialbalanceisespeciallysevere.Theyieldofthesalestaxincreaseswithincreasingproduction.Aswantsareplannedforprivategoods,morebenefitsareprovidedforpublicuse.Thegeneralpropertytax,theprincipalalternativetothesalestax,isrigidandinflexible.Sinceitsratesmustordinarilyberaisedforadditionalservices,includingthosethatareassociatedwithincreasingincomeandproduct,theburdenofprovingneedisespeciallyheavy.Thistaxisapoorservantofsocialbalance.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.Theword‘handsomely’(Line5)means（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,thechiefadvantageofthesalestaxisthatit

（

）.

4.Thepropertytaxisnotregardedasanidealsolutiontosocialneedsbecause

（

）.

5.Theauthorofthispassageismostinterestedintellingusabout（

）.

問題1選項

A.Thepropertytaxisdifficulttocollect.

B.Thesalestaxcanbeeasilyincreased.

C.Thesalestaxhaslittleornosocialvalue.

D.Thecommunityhasabundantgoodsproducedbyprivateenterprises.

問題2選項

A.skillfully

B.generously

C.earnestly

D.easily

問題3選項

A.isadirectmeansofachievingsocialbalance

B.canbeimposedbycitiesandstates

C.islesseffectivethanthepropertytax

D.isapplicabletowideareas

問題4選項

A.itmustbechangedbytheHouseofRepresentatives

B.itisnotstraightforwardasisthesalestax

C.itcanbeimposedbycitiesbutnotbystates

D.itsrisedependsonincreasingtheneedforadditionalservices

問題5選項

A.thecollectionofthepropertytax

B.therelationoftaxestotheproblemofsocialbalance

C.thebalanceofpublicandprivateconsumption

D.thesalestaxasasocialmeans

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據原文“Thegeneralpropertytaxisrigidandinflexible.”可知選項A正確；根據原文“Theyieldofthesalestaxincreaseswithincreasingproduction.”可知選項B符合原文；根據原文第一句“Therelationofthesalestaxtotheproblemofsocialbalanceisadmirablydirect.”可知選項C不正確；根據原文第二句“Thecommunityisrichinprivatelyproducedgoods.”可知選項D正確，所以本題選C。

2.詞義題。根據原文“...—bymakingprivategoodsmoreexpensive,thepublicgoodsaremademoreabundant.Motionpictures,electronicequipment,andcigarettesaremademorecostlysothatschoolscanbemorehandsomelysupported.”可知后面是對前面的論據列舉的一個具體的例子。costly和expensive相對應，所以handsomely和abundant相對應。skillfully巧妙地,精巧地；generously慷慨地,大方地；earnestly認真地，誠摯地；easily容易地,無疑地。只有選項B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據原文可知，這種直截了當的解決方案還有一個更大的優(yōu)勢，那就是各州甚至城市都可以公平高效地征收銷售稅。正是在這些政府提供的服務中，社會平衡的問題特別嚴重。作者著重強調的是socialbalance，而不是政府的服務。所以選項A正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據原文倒數二三句“Thegeneralpropertytax,theprincipalalternativetothesalestax,isrigidandinflexible.Sinceitsratesmustordinarilyberaisedforadditionalservices,...”可知選項D符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據文章大意可知本文主要是講營業(yè)稅對社會平衡的作用和影響，所以選項D更符合原文。

7.單選題

Thesaleofalcoholicbeveragesis（）tothoseabove21insomeregions.

問題1選項

A.confined

B.Inhibited

C.obliged

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項confine“限制”，B項inhibit“禁止”，C項oblige“要求，約束”，obligeto表示“不得不”；D項restrict“限制”，restrictto表示“限制在……”。句意：在某些地區(qū)，酒精飲料只能出售給21歲以上的人。因此D項正確。

8.單選題

Whenyourdogdoesanythingyouwantto（）,youwaittillhedoesitandthenbeathim.Thisisthewayjudgesmakelawsforyouandme.

問題1選項

A.breakhimof

B.breakhimoff

C.breakhimfree

D.breakhimup

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析。breaksb.of“使戒除（某習慣）”；breaksb.off“分離，中斷”；“breaksb.free“擺脫對方防守”；breaksb.up“關系破裂”。句意：當你的狗做了任何你想要打它戒除的事情，你要等它做了，然后打它。這就是法官為你我制定法律的方式。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

TheHouseisexpectedtopassapieceoflegislationThursdaythatseekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployersandcouldpossiblyreversedecadesofdecliningmembershipamongprivateindustries.

TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldallowauniontoberecognizedaftercollectingamajorityofvotecards,insteadofwaitingfortheNationalLaborRelationsBoardtooverseeasecretballotelection,whichcanoccurmorethan50daysafterthecardvoteiscompleted.

RepresentativesofbusinessonCapitolHillopposethebill.TheNationalAssociationofManufacturers,TheNationalFederationofIndependentBusiness,theU.S.ChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsopposetheshiftawayfromsecretballotssayingthechangecouldthreatentheprivacyoftheworkers.“Thisisn’taboutpreventingincreasedunionizationit’saboutprotectingrights,’’saidtheNationalAssociationofManufacturer’sJasonStraczewski,ofhisorganization’soppositiontobill.Straczewskisayseliminatingthesecret-ballotstepwouldopenupemployeestocoercion（強迫，脅迫）fromunions.

SamueloftheAFL-CIOcontendstherealcoercioncomesfromemployers.“Workerstalkingtoworkersareequalswhilemanagerstalkingtoworkersaren’t,”Samuelsaid.Hecitesthe31,358casesofillegalemployerdiscriminationactedonbytheNationalLaborRelationsBoardin2005.

Samuelalsopointsoutthatcountertoclaimsfromthebusinesslobby,thesecretballotwouldnotbeeliminated.Thechangewouldonlytakethecontrolofthetimingoftheelectionoutofthehandsoftheemployers.“Ontheground,thedifferencebetweenhavingthislegislationandnotwouldbethedifferencebetweennightandday,”saidRichardShawoftheHarrisCountyCentralLaborCouncil,whosaysitwouldhaveatremendousimpactonthelocallevel.

Thebillhasotherprovisions（條款，規(guī)定）aswell.TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldalsoimposebindingarbitration（仲裁）whenacompanyandanewlyformedunioncannotagreeonacontractafter3months.Anagreementworkedoutunderbindingcompulsoryarbitrationwouldbeineffectfor2years,afactthatStraczewskicalls,“borderlineunconstitutional.”“Idon’tseehowitwillbenefitemployeesifthey’relockedintoacontract,”saidStraczewski.

Thebill’sproponentspointtothetrendofrecognizedunionsunabletogetcontractsfromunwillingemployers.TheFederalMediationandConciliationService,theorganizationthatoverseesarbitration,reportedthatin2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers.Thebillwouldalsostrengthenthepenaltiesforcompaniesthatillegallycoerceorintimidateemployees.Asitstands,thelawonthebookshasn’tchangedsubstantiallysincetheNationalLaborRelationsActwasmadeintolawin1935.TheNLBRcanenforcenootherpenaltythanreinstatingwrongfullyfiredemployeesorrecoveringlostwages.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Accordingtoitsopponents,thebill（）.

3.Theword"it"（Line5,Para.5）refersto（）.

4.PeoplesupportthebillbecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT（）.

5.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問題1選項

A.Housebillaimstospurlaboruniongrowth.

B.Housebillaimstocounterlaboruniongrowth.

C.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstospuremployment.

D.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstoraiseemployee’sincome.

問題2選項

A.willprotectemployees'rights

B.willbenefitworkersbybindingcontracts

C.willempowerunionstoomuch

D.makesitpossibleforemployeestoyieldtocoercionfromunions

問題3選項

A.thechange

B.thelegislation

C.theAFL-CIO

D.thedifference

問題4選項

A.thebillwillprobablyenableunionstohavefewermembersofprivateindustries

B.thebillwillallowauniontoberecognizedearlierandhaveagreateffectonthelocallevel

C.bindingarbitrationwillbeimposedtoprotectemployeesifacontractcan’tbeagreedonbetweenarecentlyestablishedunionandacompany

D.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問題5選項

A.fewerprivateindustriesjoinedunionsinthepast

B.workers’coercionoftencomesfromunions

C.thebillwillbeawin-and-winoneforemployeesandemployers

D.punishmentauthorizedbythebillwillbelighter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文首段表明眾議院將出臺新立法，seekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployers,是為了維護工會的權利，激發(fā)工會的發(fā)展。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據題干關鍵詞opponents定位到原文第三段第三句，opponents指的是JasonStraczewski。后面他說道would?open?up?employees?to?coercion?(強迫：脅迫）from?unions,與選項D對應。

3.語義題。根據題干信息定位到原文第五段第五行，who指代的是前句中RichardShaw，it指代前句中的legislation。

4.細節(jié)判斷題。題干說下列哪項不是人們支持該法案的原因，文章首段couldreverse?decades?of?declining?membership?among?private?industries(立法有助于改善勞工與雇主之間的關系)。

5.細節(jié)推理題。最后一段提到in2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers(2004年，45%的新成立工會被雇主拒絕簽訂第一份合同)，因此答案為A。

10.單選題

TherearemanysuperstitionsinBritain.Butoneofthemost（1）heldisthatitisunluckytowalkunderaladderevenifitmeans（2）thepavementintoabusystreet!（3）youmustpassunderaladderyoucan（4）badluckbycrossingyourfingersand（5）themcrosseduntilyouhaveseenadog.（6）,youmaylickyourfingerand（7）acrossonthetoeofyourshoe,andnotlookagainattheshoeuntilthe（8）hasdried.

Anothercommon（9）isthatitisunluckytoopenanumbrellainthehouse—itwilleitherbring（10）tothepersonwhoopeneditortothewhole（11）.Anyoneopeninganumbrellainfineweatheris（12）,asitinevitablybringsrain!

Thenumber13issaidtobeunluckyforsomeandwhenthe13thdayofthemonth（13）onaFriday,anyonewishingtoavoidabedeventhadbetterstay（14）.Theworstmisfortunethatearnhappentoapersoniscausedbybreakingaminor,

（15）itbeingssevenyearsofbedluck.Thesuperstitionissupposedto（16）inancienttimes,whenminorswereconsideredtobetoolsofthegods.

BlackcatsaregenerallyconsideredluckyinBritain,eventhoughtheyare（17）witchcraft.Itis（18）luckyifablackcatcrossedyourpathalthoughinAmericatheexactoppositebeliefprevails.

Finally,acommonheldsuperstitionisthatoftouchingwood（19）luck.Thismeasureismostoftentakenifyouthinkyouhavesaidsomethingthatistemptingfate,suchas“mycarhasnever（20）,touchwood?”

問題1選項

A.broadly

B.widely

C.quickly

D.speedily

問題2選項

A.runningfrom

B.jumpingoff

C.steppingoff

D.keepingfrom

問題3選項

A.If

B.As

C.Though

D.Unless

問題4選項

A.erase

B.remove

C.avoid

D.ease

問題5選項

A.keep

B.keeping

C.kept

D.tokeep

問題6選項

A.Consequently

B.However

C.Comparatively

D.Alternatively

問題7選項

A.make

B.print

C.perform

D.produce

問題8選項

A.label

B.symbol

C.mark

D.cut

問題9選項

A.argument

B.superstition

C.opinion

D.idea

問題10選項

A.loss

B.difficultly

C.tragedy

D.misfortune

問題11選項

A.house

B.household

C.home

D.circle

問題12選項

A.unwise

B.unintelligent

C.unpopular

D.unfortunate

問題13選項

A.falls

B.arrives

C.drops

D.happens

問題14選項

A.away

B.outdoors

C.indoors

D.far

問題15選項

A.when

B.as

C.if

D.though

問題16選項

A.haveoriginated

B.beoriginating

C.beoriginated

D.originate

問題17選項

A.concernedabout

B.relatedwith

C.associatedwith

D.connectedin

問題18選項

A.especially

B.specially

C.frequently

D.rarely

問題19選項

A.as

B.for

C.in

D.of

問題20選項

A.brokenup

B.brokenoff

C.brokenaway

D.brokendown

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:A

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:考查副詞辨析。broadly意為“寬廣地”，指幅度范圍的寬廣；widely意為“廣泛地”；quickly意為“迅速地”；speedily意為“快速的”。由句意“英國有很多迷信的說法，其中最……流傳的是在梯子下走過會帶來厄運”可知B選項最為恰當。

第2題:考查動詞辨析。runfrom意為“逃避”；jumpoff意為“跳下”；stepoff意為“離開”；keepfrom意為“隱瞞，阻止”。此處表示離開人行道走進繁忙的街道。

第3題:考查上下文語義。由前面可知在梯子下走會帶來厄運，此處表示假設發(fā)生了這樣的情況，因此填if。

第4題:考查上下文語義。由前面的“如果發(fā)生了在梯子下走的情況”可知此處表示通過某種方式可以避免厄運，因此填avoid（避開，避免）。

第5題:考查動詞形式。前文的“by”為介詞，介詞后接動名詞形式，與前面的crossing保持一致。

第6題:考查上下文語義。consequently意為“所以，因此”；however意為“然而”；comparatively

意為“對比地”；alternatively意為“或者”。前面已提出了一種避免厄運的方法，此處表示另外一種方法，因此選D。

第7題:考查固定搭配。makeacross意為“畫一個十字”。

第8題:考查名詞辨析。label意為“標簽”；symbol意為“象征，符號”，一般是指象征意義性的標志；mark意為“標記”，一般指眼睛看到的事物留下的印跡。此處指的是畫在鞋上的cross，因此選C。

第9題:考查上下文語義。前面提到了英國有很多迷信，舉了一個最流傳的例子，此處表示另一種迷信，因此選B。

第10題:考查上下文語義。由前面的itisunluckytoopenanumbrellainthehouse可知與unlucky相近詞為misfortune（不幸，厄運）。

第11題:考查上下文語義。由or可知此處與前面的tothepersonwhoopeneditortothewhole___表示并列關系，與theperson相對應的為household（一家人，全家人），因此選B。

第12題:考查上下文語義。由后面的asitinevitablybringsrain（因為它不可避免地會帶來雨水）可推測在晴天打雨傘是不好的、不受歡迎的，因此填unpopular（不受歡迎的）。

第13題:考查固定搭配。fallon意為“適逢（某日），正當（某日）”；happenon意為“巧遇，偶然發(fā)現”，主語一般指人，因此選A。

第14題:考查上下文語義。stayaway意為“離開，缺席”；stayoutdoors意為“待在戶外”；stayindoors意為“待在家里，不外出”；stayfar意為“離遠點”。由前面的anyonewishingtoavoidabedeventhadbetterstay___（想要避免倒霉的人最好……）可知C選項最恰當。

第15題:考查連詞辨析。此處為兩個并列的句子，需要連詞連接，前句內容為“最大的厄運是打碎鏡子引起的”，后句內容為“這會帶來七年的厄運”，后句是前句的原因，因此填as（因為，由于）。

第16題:考查時態(tài)。由后面的whenminorswereconsideredtobetoolsofthegods可知時間發(fā)生在過去，可知這個迷信始于過去，對現在仍有影響，因此用現在完成時（have+過去分詞），選A。

第17題:考查固定搭配。表示“與……與關”的搭配有：beconcernedwith、berelatedto、beconnectedwith、beassociatedwith，因此選C。

第18題:考查上下文語義。由前面的內容可知黑貓在英國被視為幸運的動物，那么有一只黑貓從你面前穿過則是幸運的，此處表示幸運的程度，因此用副詞especially（特別，非常）修飾。

第19題:考查介詞辨析。for表示目的，意為“為了”，此處表示觸摸木頭尋求好運，因此選B。

第20題:考查動詞辨析。breakup意為“分手，結束”；breakoff意為“斷開，突然中止”；breakaway意為“逃離，掙脫”；breakdown意為“（機器或車輛）出毛病，損壞”。此處表示我的車從來沒發(fā)生過故障，因此選D。

11.單選題

ItisscarcelyanexaggerationtosaythatduringtheColdWarperiodthethreat（

）bynucleararmsseemedanever-presentdanger.

問題1選項

A.imposed

B.convoked

C.posed

D.provoked

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。impose“強加；征稅”；convoke“召集；召開”；pose“造成；擺姿勢”；provoke“驅使；激怒；煽動”。句意：毫不夸張地說，在冷戰(zhàn)期間，核武器造成的威脅似乎是一種永遠存在的危險。選項C符合題意。

12.單選題

Rumorsareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturningcalmsituationsinto（）ones.

問題1選項

A.turbulent

B.tragic

C.vulnerable

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。turbulent“動蕩，湍流的”；tragic“悲劇的，悲痛的”；vulnerable“易受攻擊的”；suspicious“可疑的，懷疑的”。句意：謠言到處都是,恐懼蔓延,損害的聲譽,并讓平靜的情形陷入動蕩中。A項符合題意。

13.單選題

TheAleuts,residingonseveralislandsoftheAleutianChain,thePribilofIslands,andtheAlaskanPeninsula,havepossessedawrittenlanguagesince1825,whentheRussianmissionaryIvanVeniaminovselectedappropriateoftheCyrillicalphabettorepresentAleutspeechsounds,recordedthemainbodyofAleutvocabulary,andformulatedgrammaticalrules.TheCzaristRussianconquestoftheproud,independentseahunterswassodevastatinglythoroughthattribaltraditions,eventribalmemories,werealmostdestroyed.Thebrutalkillingofthemajorityofanadultgenerationwassufficienttodestroythecontinuityoftribalknowledge,whichwasdependentuponoraltransmission.Asaconsequence,theAleutsdevelopedapassionatedevotiontotheirlanguageastheironlyculturalheritage.

TheRussianoccupationplacedaheavylinguisticburdenontheAleuts.NotonlyweretheycompelledtolearnRussiantoconversewiththeiroverseersandgovernors,buttheyhadtolearnOldSlavonictotakeanactivepartinchurchservicesaswellastomastertheskillofreadingandwritingtheirowntongue.In1867,whentheUnitedStatespurchasedAlaska,theAleutswereunabletobreaksharplywiththeirimmediatepastandsubstituteEnglishforanyoneoftheirthreelanguages.

TocommunicantsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurchknowledgeofSlavonicremainedvital,asdidRussian,thelanguageinwhichoneconversedwiththeclergy.TheAleutscametoregardEnglisheducationasadevicetowithdrawthemfromtheirreligiousfaith.TheintroductionofcompulsoryEnglishschoolingcausedaminorrebirthofRussiancultureastheAleutparentssoughttocounteracttheinfluenceoftheschoolroom.TheharshlifeoftheRussiancolonialrulebegantoappearmorehappyandbeautifulinretrospect.

RegulationsforbiddinginstructioninanylanguageotherthanEnglishincreaseditsunpopularity.ThesuperficialalphabeticalresemblanceofRussianandAleutlinkedthetwotonguessocloselythateveryrestrictionagainstteachingRussianwasinterpretedasanattempttoeradicatetheAleuttongue.Fromthewordingofmanyregulations,itappearsthatAmericanadministratorsoftenhadnottheslightestideathattheA