考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Likemanyloversofbooks,Maryandherhusband,RichardGoldman,seldomwalkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookinside.Theyoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.

WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetogetserious.Richard,whoworkedforabusinesscompany,waseagertoworkforhimself,andMaryneededtoslowdownfromherdemandingjob.

Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry.“Weknewithadtobeaspecialtystorebecausewecouldn’tmatchthebigchainsdollarfordollar.”saysMary.Onefigurecaughtherattention:She’dreadsomewherethatroughly20percentofbookssoldweremysteries,andmanybuyersspentmore$300ayearonbooks.SheandRichardwerethemselvesmysteryreaders.

OnHalloween1992,theyopenedtheMysteryLoversBookshopandCafeneartheirhome.Withthreechildrenincollege,thecouplecouldnotspendallthefamily’smoneytostartashop.Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theydrewsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.

Thestoremerelybrokeeveninitsfirstyear,withonly$120,000insales.ButMarywasalwayscomingupwithnewwaystoattractcustomers.Theshophadacoffeebaranditofferedgiftstomysteryloversandserveddinnersforbookclubsthatmetinthestore.Shealsoinviteddozensofwriterstodiscusstheirstories.

TodayMysteryLoversmakessalesofabout$420,000ayear.Afterpayingtaxes,businesscostsandthesixpart-timesalesclerks,RichardandMarytogetherearnabout$34,000.

“Thejobyoulovemaynotgohandinhandwithamillion-dollarincome,”saysRichard.“Thishasalwaysbeenaboutanenjoyablelifeforourselves,notaboutmakingalotofmoney.”

1.WhenMarywasinhospital,thecouplerealizedthat（

）.

2.AfterMarygotwellfromherillnesstheybegan（

）.

3.Howdidtheirbookstoredointhefirstyear?

4.AccordingtoRichard,themainpurposeofrunningthebookstoreis（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudeaboutdoingsomethingyoulikebutcannotearnlotsofmoney?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyhadtoputtheirplanintopractice

B.healthwasmoreimportantthanwealth

C.hearttroublewasaseriousillness

D.theybothneededtostopworking

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tostudyindustrialmanagement

B.tobuyandreadmoremysterybooks

C.todomarketresearchonbookbusiness

D.toworkhardertosavemoneyforthebookstore

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhadtoborrowmoneytokeepitgoing.

B.Theymadejustenoughtocoverallthecosts.

C.Theysucceededinearningalotofmoney.

D.Theyfailedthoughtheyworkedhard.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.topayfortheirchildren’seducation

B.togettoknowmorewriters

C.tosetupmorebookstores

D.todowhattheyliketodo

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Heisforit.

B.Heisagainstit.

C.Hehasnospecialattitude.

D.Wedon’tknow.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。第一段講述了Mary夫婦特別喜歡書，他們經(jīng)常談?wù)撚幸惶扉_一個自己的書店。再由第二段“WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetogetserious.1989年瑪麗因心臟病住院時，他們決定是時候認(rèn)真對待這件事了。”可知Mary夫婦決心認(rèn)真對待他們的開書店的計(jì)劃。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段“Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry.他們首先與書店老板交談，并對這個行業(yè)進(jìn)行了研究?！笨芍麄冮_始對書店行業(yè)進(jìn)行市場調(diào)研。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theydrewsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.為了支付這10萬美元的費(fèi)用，他們從親戚和銀行借了一部分存款?！币约暗谖宥巍癟hestoremerelybrokeeveninitsfirstyear,withonly$120,000insales這家店在開業(yè)第一年僅僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了收支平衡，銷售額只有12萬美元”可知B項(xiàng)“他們賺的僅夠支付成本”正確。

4.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thishasalwaysbeenaboutanenjoyablelifeforourselves,notaboutmakingalotofmoney.對我們自己來說，這一直是一種享受生活的方式，而不是為了賺很多錢?！笨芍猂ichard開書店的原因是出于對書的熱愛。故D項(xiàng)“做自己想做的事情”正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。全文講述了一對夫婦出于對書的熱愛，最后開了一家書店的故事，沒有涉及作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thesceneissobeautifulthatit（

）mypowerofdescription.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascends

B.descends

C.transcends

D.overtakes

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)ascend“攀登，上升”；B選項(xiàng)descend“下降”；C選項(xiàng)transcend“勝過，超越”；D選項(xiàng)overtake“趕上，壓倒”。句意：這景色太美了，我無法形容。也就是超出了描述的能力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

QuestionsgrewoverSilvioBerlusconi’sabilitytoholdhiscoalitiontogether,afterheonlynarrowlywonavoteof（）inthelowerhouseofItaly’sparliament.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confidence

B.account

C.thanks

D.support

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)confidence“信心，信任，秘密”；B選項(xiàng)account“賬戶，解釋，賬目，賬單，理由，描述”；C選項(xiàng)thanks“謝謝”；D選項(xiàng)support“支持，幫助，支撐物，支撐，扶持，物質(zhì)援助，安慰”。句意：西爾維奧?貝盧斯科尼(SilvioBerlusconi)在意大利議會下院僅以微弱優(yōu)勢贏得一票支持后，人們對他維持聯(lián)盟團(tuán)結(jié)的能力產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)疑。avoteofsupport投票支持，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Afewyearsagoayoungmotherwatchedherhusbanddiaper（給……換尿布）theirfirstbornson,“Youdonothavetobeunhappyaboutit,”sheprotested.“Youcantalktohimandsmilealittle.”Thefather,whohappenedtobeapsychologist,answeredfirmly,“Hehasnothingtosaytome,andIhavenothingtosaytohim.”

Psychologistnowknowhowwrongthatfatherwas.Fromthemomentofbirth,ababyhasagreatdealtosaytohisparents,andtheytohim.Butadecadeorsoago,theseexpertsweredescribingthenewbornasaprimitivecreaturewhoreactedonlybyreflex,ahelplessvictimofitsenvironmentwithoutcapacitytoinfluenceit.Andmothersacceptedthetruth.Mostthought(andsomestilldo)thatanewinfantcouldseeonlyblurry（模糊的）shadows,thathisothersenseswereundeveloped,andthatallherequiredwasnourishment,cleandiapers,andawarmbassinet.

Todayuniversitylaboratoriesacrossthecountryarestudyingnewbornsintheirfirstmonthoflife.Asaresult,psychologistsnowdescribethenewbabyasperceptive,withremarkablelearningabilitiesandanevenmoreremarkablecapacitytoshapehisorherenvironmentincludingtheattitudesandactionsofhisparents.Someresearchersbelievethattheneonatalperiodmayevenbethemostsignificantfourweeksinanentirelifetime.

Farfrombeinghelpless,thenewbornknowswhathelikesandrejectswhathedoesn’t.Heshutoutunpleasantsensationsbyclosinghiseyesoravertinghisface.Heisagluttonfornovelty.Heprefersanimatethingsoverinanimateandlikespeoplemorethananything.

Whenamorenineminutesout,aninfantprefersahumanfacetoahead-shapedoutline.Hemakesthechoicedespitethefactthat,withdeliveryroomattendantsmaskedandgowned,hehasneverseenahumanfacebefore.Bythetimehe’stwelvehoursold,hisentirebodymovesinprecisesynchronic（同時發(fā)生）tothesoundofahumanvoice,asifheweredancing.Anon-humansound,suchasatappingnoise,bringsnosuchresponse.

1.Theauthorpointsoutthatthefatherdiaperinghisfirst-bornsonwaswrongbecause（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

3.Whatdoesthesentence“Heisagluttonfornovelty”probablymean?

4.Accordingtothepassage,it’sgroundlesstothinkthatnewbornsprefer（）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlydiscussingabout?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hebelievedthebabywasnotabletohearhim

B.hethoughtthebabydidn’thavethepowerofspeech

C.hewasapsychologistunworthyofhisprofession

D.hethoughtthebabywasnotcapableofanyresponse

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Anewinfantcanseeonlyblurryshadows.

B.Anewinfant’ssensesareundeveloped.

C.Allanewinfantrequiresisnourishment,cleandiapers,andawarmbassinet.

D.Anewinfantisactuallyabletoinfluencehisorherenvironment.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thenewbornisgreedyfornewfood.

B.Thenewborntendstoovereat.

C.Thenewbornalwayslovesthingsthatarenewtohim.

D.Thenewborn’sappetiteisaconstanttopicinnovels.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ahumanfacetoahead-shapedoutline

B.animatethingstoinanimateones

C.humanvoicetonon-humansounds

D.nourishmenttoawarmbassinet

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Whatpeopleknowaboutnewborns.

B.Howwrongparentsarewhentheyhandletheirbabies.

C.Howmuchnewbornshaveprogressedinaboutadecade’stime.

D.Whythefirstmonthoflifeisthemostsignificantfourweeksinalifetime.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。聯(lián)系上下文可知這位父親是個心理學(xué)家，而大約十年前，心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為新生兒只是aprimitivecreaturewhoreactedonlybyreflex,ahelplessvictimofitsenvironmentwithoutcapacitytoinfluenceit（一種僅憑反射做出反應(yīng)的原始生物，是無力影響其生存環(huán)境的無助受害者），而如今他們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到了這種觀點(diǎn)是錯誤的，結(jié)合這位父親的話“他沒什么對我說的”可知他當(dāng)時也是堅(jiān)持這種錯誤觀點(diǎn)，因此D選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為嬰兒沒有能力做出任何回應(yīng)”符合題意。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段第二句中的psychologistsnowdescribethenewbabyasperceptive,withremarkablelearningabilitiesandanevenmoreremarkablecapacitytoshapehisorherenvironmentincludingtheattitudesandactionsofhisparents（心理學(xué)家現(xiàn)在把新生嬰兒的形象描述為有洞察力，有非凡的學(xué)習(xí)能力，甚至有卓越的塑造其生活環(huán)境的能力，包括他父母的態(tài)度和行為）可知D選項(xiàng)“一個新生嬰兒實(shí)際上能夠影響其生活環(huán)境”符合題意。

第3題:語義推測題。由下文Heprefersanimatethingsoverinanimateandlikespeoplemorethananything（他喜歡有生命的東西勝過無生命的東西，喜歡人勝過一切）可推測Heisagluttonfornovelty表達(dá)的并非僅僅與“吃”有關(guān)，而是新生兒對新鮮事物的濃厚興趣，因此C選項(xiàng)“新生兒總是喜歡新鮮的事物”符合題意。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。需注意題干中的groundless（無理由的），因此要找出不符合文意的選項(xiàng)。由第四段最后一句Heprefersanimatethingsoverinanimateandlikespeoplemorethananything（他喜歡有生命的東西勝過無生命的東西，喜歡人勝過一切）可排除B選項(xiàng)；由第五段第一句中的aninfantprefersahumanfacetoahead-shapedoutline（嬰兒更喜歡人的臉，而不是頭型的輪廓）可排除A選項(xiàng)；由第五段第三句中的hisentirebodymovesinprecisesynchronictothesoundofahumanvoice,asifheweredancing（他的整個身體精確地隨著人類的聲音同步移動，就好像他在跳舞）和第四句Anon-humansound,suchasatappingnoise,bringsnosuchresponse（而非人類的聲音，比如敲打聲，則不會產(chǎn)生這種反應(yīng)）可推斷出嬰兒更喜歡人類的聲音，因此C選項(xiàng)可以排除，所以D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

第5題:主旨大意題。本文介紹了過去心理學(xué)家對嬰兒的錯誤認(rèn)識，以及現(xiàn)在的正確認(rèn)識，因此A選項(xiàng)“人們對新生兒的了解”符合題意。

5.單選題

Theforemanreadthe（

）ofguiltyfourteentimes,oneforeachdefendant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prejudice

B.verification

C.verdict

D.punishment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prejudice“偏見，成見”；B選項(xiàng)verification“檢驗(yàn)，檢查，審核”；C選項(xiàng)verdict“（陪審團(tuán)的）裁定，裁決，（經(jīng)過檢驗(yàn)或認(rèn)真考慮后的）決定，結(jié)論”；D選項(xiàng)punishment“刑罰，懲罰”。由句中的guilty（有罪的）和defendant（被告）可知選C。句意：陪審團(tuán)主席宣讀了14遍有罪判決書，每個被告一份。

6.單選題

Someteenagersharborageneralizedresentmentagainstsociety,which（

）themtherightsandprivilegesofadults,althoughphysicallythey-aremature.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprives

B.restricts

C.rejects

D.denies

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。deprive“剝奪”；restrict“限制”；reject“拒絕”；deny“否認(rèn)”。句意：雖然有些青少年身體已經(jīng)發(fā)育成熟，但由于社會否認(rèn)他們享受成人的權(quán)利和義務(wù)，他們對社會很不滿意。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Picture-takingisatechniquebothforannexingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexist,thoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperament,discoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatis,photographyhastwoantitheticalideals:inthefirst,photographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecond,photographyistheinstrumentofintrepid,questingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.

Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin“taking”apicture.Accordingly,theidealofaphotographerasanobserverisattractivebecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissue,ofcourse,isnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimply,andessentially,benevolent.Asaconsequence,oneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.

Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressiononaparwithpainting,itsoriginalityisinextricablylinkedtothepowersofamachine.Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticated,moreautomated,somephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmed,preferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitsimposedbypremoderncameratechnologybecauseacruder,lesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresults,toleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.Forexample,ithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographers,includingWalkerEvansandCartierBresson,torefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof“fastseeing”.CartierBresson,infact,claimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.

Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefuture(offasterandfasterseeing)alternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpast—whenimageshadahandmadequality.Thisnostalgiaforsomepristinestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandthewokofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.

1.Accordingtothepassage,interestamongphotographersineachofphotography’stwoidealscanbedescribedas（）

2.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

（）

3.TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,thetwoantitheticalidealsofphotographydifferprimarilyinthe

（）

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbemostlikelytobegintheparagraphimmediatelyfollow-ingthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidlychanging

B.cyclicallyrecurring

C.steadilygrowing

D.unimportanttotheviewersofphotographs

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.establishingnewtechnicalstandardsforcontemporaryphotography

B.analyzingtheinfluenceofphotographicidealsonpicture-taking

C.tracingthedevelopmentofcameratechnologyinthetwentiethcentury

D.describinghowphotographers’individualtemperamentsarereflectedintheirwork

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.howacontrolledambivalencetowardphotography’smeanscanproduceoutstandingpictures

B.howthecontentofphotographshaschangedfromthenineteenthcenturytothetwentieth

C.thepopularityofhigh-speedphotographyinthetwentiethcentury

D.therelationshipbetweenphotographicoriginalityandtechnology

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.valuethateachplacesonthebeautyofthefinishedproduct

B.emphasisthateachplacesontheemotionalimpactofthefinishedproduct

C.degreeoftechnicalknowledgethateachrequiresofthephotographer

D.wayinwhicheachdefinestheroleofthephotographer

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Photographers,asaresultoftheirheightenedawarenessoftime,areconstantlytryingtocap-tureeventsandactionsthatarefleeting.

B.Thusthecultofthefuture,theworshipofmachinesandspeed,isfirmlyestablishedinspiteofeffortstothecontrarybysomephotographers.

C.Therejectionoftechnicalknowledge,however,canneverbecompleteandphotographycan-notforanylengthoftimepretendthatithasnoweapons.

D.Thepointofhonorinvolvedinrejectingcomplexequipmentis,however,ofnosignificancetotheviewerofaphotograph.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.第二段最后一句提到兩種理想拍照方式中總會有一種在某段時間內(nèi)被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)并占主要地位。所以說拍攝者的興趣在兩種理想模式間是循環(huán)往復(fù)的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.作者最后說明了兩種拍照理念對于攝影發(fā)展的影響。所以B項(xiàng)“分析拍攝理念對于攝影的影響”符合文意，B項(xiàng)正確。

3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第三段：WhatevertheclaimsthatphotographymightThesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke”。作者以HaroldEdgerton為例，說明了攝影師和機(jī)器設(shè)備之間的關(guān)系。D項(xiàng)正確。

4.第二段第一句話:“Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentintakingapicture.”。這兩種對立的觀念主要在于攝影師和旁觀者在攝影時是否扮演著積極的角色。D項(xiàng)正確。

5.題干問的是“文章接下來將會討論什么？”最后一句話為：Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness（攝影師和旁觀者似乎需要質(zhì)疑自己對攝影的認(rèn)知）。由此可推測，文章接下來將會繼續(xù)講解與拍照認(rèn)知有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。所以C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Inthefilmwesawlastnight,thehero（）hiswifetodeathwithhissword.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.throat

B.thrust

C.trust

D.thread

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近異義動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)throat“用嗓音說”；B選項(xiàng)thrust“插入，猛刺”；C選項(xiàng)trust“信任”；D選項(xiàng)thread“通過，穿線于”。句意：在我們昨晚看的電影中，英雄用劍刺死了他的妻子。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

9.單選題

Inspiteof_____reviewsinthepress,theproductionofherplaywas_____almostcertainoblivionbyenthusiasticaudiencewhoseacumenwasgreaterthanthatofthecritics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lukewarm…condemned

B.scathing...exposedto

C.lackluster...rescuedfrom

D.sensitive...reducedto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析和句意理解。A項(xiàng)lukewarm“微溫的，無興趣的”，condemn“指責(zé)，譴責(zé)”；B項(xiàng)scathing“嚴(yán)厲的”,exposeto“暴露于”；C項(xiàng)lackluster“無光澤的，無生氣的”，rescuefrom“從……營救”；D項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的”，reduceto“減少，縮減到”。reviewinthepress和critics是對應(yīng)的，所以第一空和critics的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該一致，和觀眾的意見相反。觀眾的意見是enthusiastic“熱情的”，所以必然要否定oblivion“遺忘”，從第二空來看，只有C可能表示否定oblivion。句意：盡管媒體的評論很，但她演奏的作品被熱情的觀眾從注定被遺忘的結(jié)局里，聽眾比評論家更敏銳。所以C項(xiàng)符合。

10.單選題

Intheprocessofdevelopmentweshould（）heartthatsociallifeisbasedonexchange.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takefrom

B.taketo

C.takefor

D.takein

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。takefrom“降低；減少”；taketo“喜歡；走向；開始從事”；takefor“認(rèn)為；

以為”；takein“吸收；領(lǐng)會；理解”。句意：在發(fā)展過程中，我們應(yīng)該領(lǐng)會到社會生活是以交流為基礎(chǔ)的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Theexperienceddriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit（）ontheway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.goeswrong

B.wouldgowrong

C.wentwrong

D.gowrong

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。lest“唯恐；以免”，常用于虛擬語氣，謂語用“should+動詞原形，should可以省略。故本題答案選項(xiàng)為D。句意：這位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的司機(jī)仔細(xì)檢查了發(fā)動機(jī)以免在路上發(fā)生故障。

12.單選題

Theseniorlibrarianatthecirculationdeskpromisedtogetthebookforme（

）shecouldrememberwholastborrowedit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eversince

B.muchas

C.eventhough

D.ifonly

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。eversince意為“自從”；muchas意為“盡管，雖然”；eventhough意為“即使，縱然”；ifonly意為“只要”。

句意：那個在借記臺的年長的圖書管理員答應(yīng)我，只要她記得誰最后借了這本書，就會把書給我。

13.單選題

BritishForeignSecretaryFrancisPymhascancelledavisittoRiyadh.ReportsfromLondonsaidtheForeignOfficeplayeddownsuggestionofadiplomatic（）andsaidonlythatthedatesofSecretaryPym’stripwerenotconvenientinRiyadh.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.raft

B.raffle

C.rift

D.riffle

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)raft“筏；救生艇”；B選項(xiàng)raffle“廢物，垃圾；抽彩出售”；C選項(xiàng)rift“裂痕；不和”；D選項(xiàng)riffle“淺灘；急流，漣漪”。句意：英國外交大臣弗朗西斯?皮姆已取消了去利雅得的訪問。來自英國的報(bào)道稱外交部淡化了一種外交裂痕的暗示，且還稱只有外交大臣弗朗西斯?皮姆出行的日期在利雅得是不方便的，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Alcoholscanalso（）judgmenttotheextentthatyoumaynotmakethebestorbrightestdecisionsinacoldweatheremergency.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impart

B.impact

C.impair

D.impose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)impart“傳授”，B項(xiàng)impact“影響”，C項(xiàng)impair“損害、削弱”，D項(xiàng)impose“利用”；句意：酒精也會影響你的判斷力，讓你在寒冷天氣的緊急情況下無法做出最佳或最明智的決定。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

I’msorry（

）solong.IforgottotellyouinadvancewhereIhadbeen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tokeepyouwait

B.tokeepyouwaiting

C.tokeepyouwaited

D.tohavekeptyouwaiting

【答案】D

【解析】句意我抱歉讓你等了這么久。我忘記提前告訴你我在哪里了。

語法題?？疾橥瓿蓵r態(tài)。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“IforgottotellyouinadvancewhereIhadbeen我忘記提前告訴你我在哪里了”可知“你等了這么久”這個事情發(fā)生在過去的過去，故這里應(yīng)該用完成時態(tài)，由此知D項(xiàng)“tohavekeptyouwaiting”正確。

16.單選題

Ifnooneasksanyquestion,I______everybodyunderstands.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deduce

B.presume

C.pretend

D.presuppose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deduce“推論，推斷”；B選項(xiàng)presume“假設(shè)，認(rèn)為”；C選項(xiàng)pretend“假裝，偽裝”；D選項(xiàng)presuppose“假設(shè)，以……為前提”。根據(jù)Ifnooneasksanyquestion可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：如果沒有人問任何問題，那么我認(rèn)為大家都能理解。

17.問答題

Theambitiousindividual,farfrom(A)identifyinghimselfandhisfortunestothegroup,wishesto(B)riseaboveit.Theambitiousmanorwoman(C)seestheworldasabattle;rivalrousnessishisorherprincipalemotion:theworldhaslimitedprizestooffer,

andheorshe(D)isdeterminedtogethisorhers.

【答案】

A；改成identifyinghimselfandhisfortuneswith。identifywith認(rèn)為…等同于，與…一致。

18.單選題

Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel:“storeintherefrigerator.”

Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.Themilkmancamedaily,thegrocer,thebutcher,thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimesaweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplusbreadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.

Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Avastwayofwell-triedtechniquesalreadyexisted—naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling.Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing-marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheglobeinsearchofagoodprice.

Consequently,mostoftheworld’sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butinthewealthycountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificiallyheatedhouse-whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.

Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaymissthehamburgers,butatleastyou’llgetridofthatterriblehum.

1.Inthe2ndparagraph,thestatement“Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.”suggestthat（

）.

2.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventionoffridges?

3.Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthelastparagraphindicatesthefridge’snegativeeffectontheenvironment?

5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardfridges?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhisfifties

B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtousefridgeseveninhisfifties.

C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor’shomeinthe1950s.

D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.

B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek.

C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily.

D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Inventors.

B.Consumers.

C.Manufacturers.

D.Travelingsalesmen.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Humawaycontinuously

B.Climaticallyalmostunnecessary.

C.Artificially-cooledspace.

D.Withmildtemperatures.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Neutral

B.Critical

C.Objective

D.Compromising

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“第二段中，‘我的童年沒有冰箱，但我吃得不錯并且很健康’意味著……”。文章第二段提到了沒有冰箱的那幾十年，作者吃得很好，也很健康，送牛奶的人每天都來，食品商、屠夫、面包師傅等一周來兩三次，東西沒有被浪費(fèi)，也沒有變質(zhì)（Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者為什么說在冰箱發(fā)明之前沒有任何東西被浪費(fèi)”。文章第二段提到了沒有冰箱的那幾十年，作者吃得很好，也很健康，送牛奶的人每天都來，食品商、屠夫、面包師傅等一周來兩三次。肉可以從星期日吃到星期三，剩余的面包和牛奶變成了各種小蛋糕。東西沒有被浪費(fèi)，也沒有變質(zhì)。由此可知在冰箱發(fā)明之前人們掌握了怎樣處理剩余食物的方法，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“在作者看來，哪類人從冰箱的發(fā)明中受益最少”。文章第三段提到冰箱的發(fā)明并沒有對食物的保存起太大作用（Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation），真正的作用是促進(jìn)了市場營銷，硬件、電力、各種飲料、肉類等等，由此可知從中獲益最少的是消費(fèi)者，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下列哪句話表明了冰箱對于環(huán)境的危害”。文章最后一段提到“冰箱對環(huán)境的影響是顯而易見的，但是它對人類幸福的貢獻(xiàn)卻微不足道……你可能會想念漢堡包，但至少你能擺脫那可怕的嗡嗡聲”（Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“持續(xù)不斷的噪音”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者對冰箱的態(tài)度……”。文章第二段作者提及自己親身經(jīng)歷：沒有冰箱吃得很好并且很健康。接著又談到了冰箱的發(fā)明并沒有對食物的保存起很大作用，并且認(rèn)為很多地方是不需要冰箱的，由此可知作者對冰箱是持批判態(tài)度的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.翻譯題

中國發(fā)展離不開世界，世界的發(fā)展需要中國。這里我重申，中國的對外開放是長期的、全面的、互利的，中國堅(jiān)持對外開放的基本國策決不會改變。我們將繼續(xù)積極參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的進(jìn)程，推動建設(shè)公正合理的國際貿(mào)易體系和金融體制。我們將繼續(xù)完善涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)法律法規(guī)和政策，使中國的投資環(huán)境變得更加規(guī)范、更加透明、更加有利于各類企業(yè)投資興業(yè)。

【答案】答：

ChinacannotdevelopitselfinisolationfromtheworldandtheworldalsoneedsChinaforitsdevelopment.Here,IwishtoreiteratethatChina’sopening-uptotheoutsideworldisalong-termcommitmentwhichcoversallfieldsandismutuallybeneficial.China’sbasicstatepolicyofopening-upwillneverchange.Wewillcontinuetogetactivelyinvolvedineconomicglobalizationandworktobuildafairandequitableinternationaltradingregimeandfinancialsystem.Wewillcontinuetoimproveforeign-relatedeconomiclaws,regulationsandpoliciessoastomakeChina’sinvestmentenvironmentinkeepingwithinternationalstandard,transparentandmorebusinessfriendly.

20.單選題

Hehadscarcelylefttherailwaystation_______itstartedtorain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.than

B.then

C.when

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】scarcelywhen為固定用法,表示"一...就..."。句意：他一離開火車站就開始下起了雨。選項(xiàng)C正確。

21.單選題

Throughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatalllivingthingsmustdie.Butpeoplenowlivelongerthanthey（1）.Yet,alllivingthingsstillshowthe（2）ofaging,whichwilleventually（3）death.Agingisnotadisease,(but)asapersonpassesmaturity,thecellsofthebodyandthe（4）theyformdonotfunctionaswellasthey（5）inchildhoodandteenageyears.Thebodyprovidesless（6）againstdiseaseandismore（7）tohaveaccident.Anumberofrelatedcausesmay（8）aging.Somecellsofthebodyhavea(fairly)longlife,buttheyarenot（9）whentheydie.Asapersonages,（10）ofbraincellsandmusclecellsdecreases.（11）bodycellsdieandarereplacedbynewcells.Inanagingpersonthe（12）cellsmaynotbeasworkableorascapable（13）growthasthoseofayoungperson.Another（14）inagingmaybechangeswithinthecells（15）.Someoftheproteinchemicalsincellsareknown（16）withageandbecomelesselastic.Thisiswhytheskinofoldpeoplewrinklesand（17）.Thisisalsothereasonwhyoldpeople（18）inheight.Theremaybeothermoreimportantchemicalchangesinthecells.Somecomplexcellchemicals,suchasDNAandRNA,storeand（19）informationthatthecellsneed.Agingmayaffectthis（20）andchangetheinformationcarryingmoleculessothattheydonottransmittheinformationaswell.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.would

B.beusedto

C.usedto

D.used

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.function

B.effect

C.affect

D.sign

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.leadin

B.givein

C.runinto

D.resultin

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hands

B.feet

C.heart

D.organs

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.do

B.hasdone

C.did

D.haddone

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.energy

B.protection

C.vigor

D.power

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.probable

C.possible

D.alike

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.attendto

B.contributeto

C.addto

D.devoteto

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.replaced

B.reborn

C.recovered

D.surrendered

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.anumber

B.theamount

C.thenumber

D.most

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.Theothers

B.Others

C.Another

D.Other

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.old

B.left

C.new

D.other

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.for

C.of

D.in

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.factor

B.effect

C.reason

D.element

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.forthemselves

B.ofthemselves

C.themselves

D.ontheirown

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.change

B.tohavechanged

C.tochange

D.tobeingchanged

問題17選項(xiàng)

A