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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東農(nóng)工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsforreducingtheeffectsofextremeheat.Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays.Desertmammalsalsodepartfromthenormalmammalianpracticeofmaintainingaconstantbodytemperature.Insteadoftryingtokeepdownthebodytemperaturedeepinsidethebody,whichwouldinvolvetheexpenditureofwaterandenergy,desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight,andtemperaturesashighas46degreesCelsiushavebeenmeasuredinGrant’sgazelles.Theoverheatedbodythencoolsdownduringthecolddesertnight,andindeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel.Thisisanadvantagesincetheheatofthefirstfewhoursofdaylightisabsorbedinwarmingupthebody,andanexcessivebuildupofheatdoesnotbeginuntilwellintotheday.

Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals.Thecamelcanloseupto30percentofitsbodyweightaswaterwithoutharmtoitself,whereashumanbeingsdieafterlosingonly12to13percentoftheirbodyweight.Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthiswaterlossatonedrink.Desertanimalscandrinkhugevolumesinashorttime,andcamelshavebeenknowntoimbibe(吸收)over100litersinafewminutes.Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication.Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures.Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated.Itisacommonexperienceinpeoplethatappetiteislostevenunderconditionsofmoderatethirst.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whylightincolorisimportanttolargeanimalsindeserts?

3.Whatwillbefataltonon-adaptedanimals?

4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdesert-adaptedmammals?

5.WhatisthefollowingstrategyNOTmentionedbytheauthor?

問題1選項

A.Animalsdevelopeddifferentstrategiestosurvive.

B.Largeanimalscantakestrategiestoreducetheeffectofextremeheat

C.Animalscantoleratethelossofbodywater.

D.Averydehydratedpersoncandrinkenoughwatertorehydrate

問題2選項

A.Ithelpedthemmaintainaconstantnormalbodytemperature.

B.Itreflectsratherthanabsorbsthesun-light

C.Ithelpsthemseetheirpeersatnight

D.Ithelpsthemkeepcoolduringthenight

問題3選項

A.Keepinganormalbodytemperature

B.Drinkingpollutedwater

C.Drinkinghugevolumesofwaterinashorttime

D.Feedingwhendehydrated

問題4選項

A.Theydonotneedtoeatmuchfood.

B.Theycaneatlargequantitiesquickly

C.Theyeasilylosetheirappetites

D.Theycantravellongdistanceslookingforfood.

問題5選項

A.Thebodytemperaturecanbeextremelyhighandcold

B.Toleratethelossofbodywaterandreplenishitimmediately

C.Lostappetiteundertheconditionofmoderatethirsty

D.Tobelightincolor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要內(nèi)容是:為了降低酷熱的影響,生活在沙漠中的大型動物已經(jīng)進化來適應(yīng)這種環(huán)境,如:顏色變淺,調(diào)節(jié)體溫,忍受身體水分喪失等。因此,A項“動物發(fā)展出不同的生存策略”符合文章大意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays(一種適應(yīng)是讓自己顏色變淺,反射而不是吸收太陽光線)。由此可知,淺色對沙漠中的大型動物很重要,是因為淺色反射太陽光。故選B項。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第二段指出:Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication(另一方面,一個極度脫水的人,不能一次性地喝大量的水來補充所缺水分,因為人的胃不夠大,而且體液的迅速稀釋會導(dǎo)致水中毒而引起死亡)。因此,C項“短時間飲大量的水”正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:它們不需要吃很多食物。B:它們可以快速地大量進食。A項與B項在文中并未被提及。C:它們很容易失去食欲。第二段指出:Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated(適應(yīng)沙漠的哺乳動物還有在極度脫水時正常進食的能力)。因此C項不符合原文所述。D:它們可以長途跋涉尋找食物。第二段指出:Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures(在沙漠中,能夠忍受水分流失是一個明顯的優(yōu)勢,這樣動物不必待在水源附近,而是可以從廣闊的牧場獲得食物)。由此可知,能忍受水分流失的動物能長途跋涉來喂飽自己。因此D項正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A:體溫可以非常高和低。第一段指出:desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight(沙漠哺乳動物允許它們的體溫上升到一般認(rèn)為發(fā)燒的溫度),以及:indeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel(事實上,到黎明時分,氣溫會降得異常低,駱駝體內(nèi)的溫度會低到34攝氏度)。因此A項有被提及。B:忍受體內(nèi)水分的流失,并立即補充水分。第二段指出:Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals(大型沙漠動物的另一種策略是忍受體內(nèi)水分的流失,這種流失對那些還沒有適應(yīng)環(huán)境的動物來說是致命的),以及:Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthiswaterlossatonedrink(一種同樣重要的適應(yīng)能力是在一次飲水中補充損失的水分)。因此B項有被提及。C:中度口渴的情況下沒有食欲。D:顏色變淺。第一段指出:Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays(一種進化是讓自己變成淺色,反射而不是吸收太陽光線)。因此D項也有被提及。四個選項中,只有C項不是沙漠動物為適應(yīng)環(huán)境形成的進化,故選C。

2.單選題

Physicsis(

)tothesciencewhichwascallednaturalphilosophyinhistory.

問題1選項

A.alike

B.equivalent

C.likely

D.uniform

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。alike“相同的,相似的”;equivalent“相等的,相同的”;likely“可能的,預(yù)料的,有希望的”;uniform“一致的,統(tǒng)一的”。句意:物理學(xué)也相當(dāng)于一門科學(xué),在歷史上這門科學(xué)被稱為自然哲學(xué)。根據(jù)Physics和science之間的邏輯關(guān)系可知B項符合題意,因此選B。

3.單選題

Whenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheerthemselvesbyrememberingthatlifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.Marslooksliketileonlyplanetwherelifelikeourscouldexist,andeventhisisdoubtful.ButtheremaybemilerkindsoflifebasedonotherkindsofchemistryandtheymaymultiplyonVenususorJupiter.Atleastwecannotproveatpresentthattheydonot.

Evenmoreinterestingisthepossibilitythatlifeontheirplanetsmaybeinamoreadvancedstageofevolution.Present-daymanisinapeculiarandprobablytemporarystage.Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives.Butman'ssocietiesarealreadysufficientlydevelopedtohaveenormouslymorepowerandeffectivenessthantheindividualshave.

Itisnotlikelythatthistransitionalsituationwillcontinueverytongortheevolutionarytimescale.Fiftythousand,yearsfromnowman'ssocietiesmayhavebecomesoclose-knitthattheindividualsretainnosenseofseparatepersonality.Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.

Theexplorers-ofspaceshouldbepreparedforsomesuchsituation.Iftheyarriveonaforeignplanetthathasreachedanadvancedstage(andthisisbynomeansimpossible),theymayfinditbeinginhabitedbyasinglelargeorganismcomposedofmanycloselycooperatingunits.

Theunitsmaybe"'secondary,'"machinescreatedmillionsofyearsagobyapreviousformoflifeandgiventhewillandability'tosurviveandreproduce.Theymaybebuiltentirelyofmetalsandotherdurablematerials,ifthisisthecase,theymaybemuchmoretolerantoftheirenvironmentmultiplyingunderconditionsthatwoulddestroyimmediatelyanyorganismmadeofcarboncompoundanddependentonthefamiliarcarboncycle.

Suchcreaturesmightberelicsofapastage,manymillionsofyearsago,whentheirplanetwasfavorabletotheoriginoflifeortheymightbeimmigrantsfromafavoredplanet.

1.Whatdoestheword"cheer"(Para.1,Line2)imply?

2.HumansonEartharecharacterizedby()

.

3.Accordingtothispassage,somepeoplebelievethateventually()

.

4.Evenmostimaginativepeoplehavetoadmitthat().

5.Itseemsthatthewriter()

.

問題1選項

A.Imaginativemenaresureofsuccessinfindinglifeonotherplanets.

B.Imaginativemenaredelightedtofindlifeonotherplanets.

C.Imaginativemenarehappytofindadifferentkindoflifeexistingonotherplanets.

D.Imaginativemencanbepleasedwiththeideathattheremightexistdifferentformsoflifeonotherplanets.

問題2選項

A.theirexistenceasfreeandseparatebeings

B.theircapabilityoflivingunderfavorableconditions

C.theirgreatpowerandeffectiveness

D.theirstrongdesireforlivinginaclose-knitsociety

問題3選項

A.humansocietieswillbemuchmorecooperative

B.manwillliveinahighlyorganizedworld

C.machineswilltakecontroloverman

D.livingbeingswilldisappearfromEarth

問題4選項

A.humansocietiesareasadvancedasthoseonsomeotherplanets

B.planetsotherthanEartharenotsuitableforlifelikeourstostay

C.itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenorganicpartsandinorganicpartsofthehumanbody

D.organismsaremorecreativethanmachines

問題5選項

A.isinterestedintheimaginarylifeforms

B.iseagertofindadifferentformoflife

C.iscertainoftheexistenceofanewlifeform

D.iscriticaloftheimaginativepeople

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:根據(jù)第一段的第一句“...whetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheer...lifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.”當(dāng)富有想象力的人們將目光投向太空,想知道生命是否存在于其它地方時,他們可能會因為想到生命不一定要與地球上存在的生命相同而感到歡欣鼓舞。選項D符合原文。

第2題:根據(jù)第二段的第二、三句“Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives."個體保持著強烈的個性。事實上,在有利的環(huán)境下,他們?nèi)匀挥心芰^個人生活。說明地球上的人們是自由存在的個體,選項A符合原文。

第3題:根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.”100萬年后,人類和他的機器可能“融合得像人體肌肉和驅(qū)動肌肉運動的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞一樣緊密”。所以選項C符合原文。

第4題:根據(jù)第三段“Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.”那么多有機體的有機部分和由它構(gòu)成的無機物(機器)之間就沒有什么區(qū)別了。選項C符合原文。

第5題:選項A對想象中的生命形式感興趣;選項B渴望尋找不同的生命形式;選項C認(rèn)為一定存在某種新的生命形式;選項D批判富有想象力的人。根據(jù)全文可以推斷,選項A更符合原文。

4.單選題

Singapore-basedcompanyPolychemyisusing3Dprinterstomakepersonalizedjewelry—thinknameplatenecklaces()inadozenlanguages,orsportsteamlogopendants.

問題1選項

A.precious

B.preferred

C.available

D.customizable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項precious表示“寶貴的,珍貴的”,B選項preferred表示“優(yōu)先的,首選的”,C選項available表示“可獲得的,有空的,可利用的”,D選項customizable表示“可定制的”。由后文關(guān)鍵信息“inadozenlanguages”可知,這些銘牌是可以用十幾種語言表述出來的,因此,制作多種語言的銘牌是可實現(xiàn)的,能做到的。故本題正確答案為C選項。

5.單選題

Thisbook,______onlyappearedayearago,hasalreadygonethroughseveraleditions.

問題1選項

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限定性定語從句。根據(jù)這個句子可知主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整,所以空格部分為定語從句;因為主語books后面有逗號,所以這是一個非限制性定語從句且先行詞為物,故排除A、D選項;C項when在非限制性定語從句中作時間狀語,不符合先行詞books;故只有B項正確。句意:這本書一年前才面市,就已經(jīng)修訂好幾次了。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

6.單選題

Ifauniondecidedtorepudiateastrike,ithadtowritetoallitsmemberstakingpartinthestriketotellthemthattheunionwouldgivenosupport,and()theyriskeddismissalwithoutcompensation()thestrikecontinued.

問題1選項

A.that...when

B.what...if

C.why...when

D.that...if

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題意,可知第一個空格需填入一個引導(dǎo)詞,和and前一句中的that從句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系,作動詞tell的賓語,所以填入that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,選項B和C可排除。第二空格引導(dǎo)的從句是前面主句的條件,句意:如果罷工繼續(xù)下去,他們有被解雇而得不到補償?shù)娘L(fēng)險。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Aninvisibleborderdividesthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomonthebehalfofstudents’careerprospectsandthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomforbroaderreasonsofradicaleducationalreform.Veryfewwritersonthesubjecthaveexploredthisdistinction—whichgoestotheheartofwhatiswrongwiththecampaigntoputcomputersintheclassroom.

Aneducationthataimsatgettingastudentacertainkindofjobisatechnicaleducation,justifiedforreasonsradicallydifferentfromwhyeducationisuniversallyrequiredbylaw.Itisnotsimplytoraiseeveryone’sjobprospectsthatallchildrenarelegallyrequiredtoattendschoolintotheirteens.Rather,wehaveacertainconceptionoftheAmericancitizen,acharacterwhoisincompleteifhecannotcompetentlyassesshowhislivelihoodandhappinessareaffectedbythingsoutsideofhimself.Butthiswasnotalwaysthecase;beforeitwaslegallyrequiredforallchildrentoattendschooluntilacertainage,itwaswidelyacceptedthatsomewerejustnotequippedbynaturetopursuethiskindofeducation.Withoptimismcharacteristicallindustrializedcountries,wecametoacceptthateveryoneisfittobeeducated.Compute-educationadvocatesforsakethisoptimisticnotionforapessimismthatbetraystheirotherwisecheeryoutlook.Bankingontheconfusionbetweeneducationalandvocationalreasonsforbringingcomputersintoschools;computeradvocatesoftenemphasizethejobprospectsofgraduatesovertheireducationalachievement.

Therearesomegoodargumentsforatechnicaleducationgiventherightkindofstudent.ManyEuropeanschoolsintroducetheconceptofprofessionaltrainingearlyoninordertomakesurechildrenareproperlyequippedfortheprofessionstheywanttojoin.Itis,however,presumptuoustoinsistthattherewillonlybesomanyjobsforsomanyscientists,somanybusinessmen,andsomanyaccountants.Besides,thisisunlikelytoproducetheneedednumberofeverykindofprofessionalinacountryaslargeasoursandwheretheeconomyisspreadoversomanystatesandinvolvessomanyinternationalcorporations.

Butforasmallgroupofstudents,professionaltrainingmightbethewaytogosincewell-developedskills,allotherfactorsbeingequal,canbethedifferencebetweenhavingajobandnot.Ofcourse,thebasicsofusinganycomputerthesedaysareverysimple.Itdoesnottakealifelongacquaintancetopickupvarioussoftwareprograms.Ifonewantedtobecomeacomputerengineer,thatis,ofcourse,anentirelydifferentstory.Basiccomputerskillstake—attheverylongest—acoupleofmonthstolearn.Inanycase,basiccomputerskillsareonlycomplementarytothehostofrealskillsthatarenecessarytobecominganykindofprofessional.Itshouldbeobserved,ofcourse,thatnoschool,vocationalornot,ishelpedbyaconfusionoveritspurpose.

1.Theauthorthinksthepresentrushtoputcomputersintheclassroomis____.

2.Thebeliefthateducationisindispensabletoallchildren____.

3.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethatintheauthor’scountrytheEuropeanmodelofprofessionaltrainingis____.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,basiccomputerskillsshouldbe____.

5.Thewordpresumptuousinthethirdparagraphmeans____.

問題1選項

A.far-reaching

B.dubiouslyoriented

C.self-contradictory

D.radicallyreformatory

問題2選項

A.isindicativeofapessimismindisguise

B.cameintobeingalongwiththearrivalofcomputers

C.isdeeplyrootedinthemindsofcomputer-educationadvocates

D.originatedfromtheoptimisticattitudeofindustrializedcountries

問題3選項

A.dependentuponthestartingageofcandidates

B.worthtryinginvarioussocialsections

C.oflittlepracticalvalue

D.attractivetoeverykindofprofessional

問題4選項

A.includedasanauxiliarycourseinschool

B.highlightedinacquisitionofprofessionalqualifications

C.masteredthroughalife-longcourse

D.equallyemphasizedbyanyschool,vocationalorotherwise

問題5選項

A.self-assured

B.confident

C.insolent

D.arrogant

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項釋義】

Theauthorthinksthepresentrushtoputcomputersintheclassroomis____.作者認(rèn)為,目前把電腦放在教室的熱潮是____。

A.far-reachingA.影響深遠的

B.dubiouslyorientedB.目的不明確的

C.self-contradictoryC.自相矛盾的

D.radicallyreformatoryD.根本變革的

【答案】B

【考查點】推理判斷題

【解題思路】本題詢問的是作者對“把電腦放進教室的熱潮”的看法。原文第1段介紹了對于該運動目的的兩種不同聲音:為了學(xué)生的就業(yè)前景(students’careerprospects)和為了教育的徹底改革(radicaleducationalreform)。根據(jù)第2段最后一句中“寄望于(Bankingon)將電腦引入學(xué)校的教育和職業(yè)原因的混淆(theconfusionbetween)……”和第4段最后一句中“對目的的混淆(aconfusionoveritspurpose)”可知,作者認(rèn)為這么做的目的不明確。B選項“目的不明確的”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】A選項“影響深遠的”、C選項“自相矛盾的”、D選項“根本變革的”不符合原文。

第2題:【選項釋義】

Thebeliefthateducationisindispensabletoallchildren____.認(rèn)為教育對所有的孩子都是不可或缺的觀點____。

A.isindicativeofapessimismindisguiseA.是一種偽裝的悲觀主義的暗示

B.cameintobeingalongwiththearrivalofcomputersB.是隨著電腦的出現(xiàn)而產(chǎn)生的

C.isdeeplyrootedinthemindsofcomputer-educationadvocatesC.已深深扎根于計算機教育倡導(dǎo)者的頭腦中

D.originatedfromtheoptimisticattitudeofindustrializedcountriesD.源于工業(yè)化國家的樂觀態(tài)度

【答案】D

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞educationisindispensable定位到原文第2段第5句。該句提到“伴隨著所有工業(yè)化國家(industrializedcountries)的樂觀主義特點(optimismcharacteristic),我們開始接受每個人都適合接受教育的觀點?!庇纱丝芍?,認(rèn)為教育對所有的孩子都是不可或缺的觀點是伴隨著工業(yè)化國家的樂觀特點產(chǎn)生的。D選項“源于工業(yè)化國家的樂觀態(tài)度”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“是一種偽裝的悲觀主義的暗示”,“悲觀主義”可以定位到原文第2段倒數(shù)第2句,該句提到“計算機教育的倡導(dǎo)者們放棄了這種樂觀的觀念,取而代之的是一種與他們原本樂觀的前景背道而馳的悲觀主義(apessimism)”,由此可知,原文“悲觀主義”是說計算機教育倡導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度,而不是說工業(yè)化國家,該選項屬于張冠李戴;

B選項“是隨著電腦的出現(xiàn)而產(chǎn)生的”,原文并未提及,屬于無中生有;

C選項“已深深扎根于計算機教育倡導(dǎo)者的頭腦中”,可定位到原文第2段最后一句,該句提到“計算機的擁護者經(jīng)常強調(diào)畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)前景(jobprospects),而不是(over)他們的教育成就(educationalachievement)?!庇纱丝芍?,計算機教育倡導(dǎo)者看重的不是教育本身,該選項屬于曲解原文。

第3題:【選項釋義】

Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethatintheauthor’scountrytheEuropeanmodelofprofessionaltrainingis____.從文章中可以推斷出,在作者的國家,歐洲的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)模式是____。

A.dependentuponthestartingageofcandidatesA.取決于申請人的起始年齡

B.worthtryinginvarioussocialsectionsB.在不同的社交領(lǐng)域都值得一試

C.oflittlepracticalvalueC.實用價值不大

D.attractivetoeverykindofprofessionalD.對各種專業(yè)人士很有吸引力

【答案】C

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theEuropeanmodelofprofessionaltraining定位到原文第3段,本段介紹的是作者對歐洲職業(yè)教育培訓(xùn)的看法。最后一句提到“在我們這么一個大國里,經(jīng)濟延展到這么多的州、涉及到這么多的國際公司,因而不太可能(isunlikelyto)培養(yǎng)出所需數(shù)量的各類專業(yè)人員(everykindofprofessional)”,由此可知,作者認(rèn)為,歐洲的模式在作者所在的國家不能滿足需要,C選項“實用價值不大”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“取決于申請人的起始年齡”,原文并未提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

B選項“在不同的社交領(lǐng)域都值得一試”,原文只有在講“各類專業(yè)人員(everykindofprofessional)”的時候涉及了“不同領(lǐng)域”,但原文并不是在說都值得一試,而是說這種模式不能滿足培養(yǎng)國家不同領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人才的需要,該選項屬于曲解原文;

D選項“對各種專業(yè)人士很有吸引力”,原文是說這種模式不能滿足培養(yǎng)國家不同領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人才的需要,而不是說對專業(yè)人士很有吸引力,該選項屬于曲解原文。

第4題:【選項釋義】

Accordingtotheauthor,basiccomputerskillsshouldbe____.根據(jù)作者的說法,基本的計算機技能應(yīng)該____。

A.includedasanauxiliarycourseinschoolA.納入學(xué)校的輔助課程

B.highlightedinacquisitionofprofessionalqualificationsB.在專業(yè)資格的取得時突出強調(diào)

C.masteredthroughalife-longcourseC.通過終身學(xué)習(xí)掌握

D.equallyemphasizedbyanyschool,vocationalorotherwiseD.無論是職業(yè)學(xué)校還是其他學(xué)校,都同樣強調(diào)這一點

【答案】A

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞basiccomputerskills定位到原文最后一段倒數(shù)第2句,該句提到“無論如何,基本的計算機技能(basiccomputerskills)只是對成為任何一種專業(yè)人士所必需的真正技能的補充(onlycomplementaryto)?!庇纱丝芍?,作者認(rèn)為計算機技能只是專業(yè)技能的一種補充。本文的話題是“把計算機納入教學(xué)體系”,對此作者的觀點應(yīng)該是A選項“納入學(xué)校的輔助課程”。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“在專業(yè)資格的取得時突出強調(diào)”,不符合原文,作者認(rèn)為計算機技能只是專業(yè)技能的一種補充,該選項與作者的觀點相左,屬于曲解原文;

C選項“通過終身學(xué)習(xí)掌握”,可定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第3句,該句提到“基本的計算機技能需要——最長(attheverylongest)——幾個月的時間(acoupleofmonths)來學(xué)習(xí)?!庇纱丝芍髡哒J(rèn)為掌握基本的計算機技能最多需要幾個月,該選項表述錯誤;

D選項“無論是職業(yè)學(xué)校還是其他學(xué)校,都同樣強調(diào)這一點”,可定位到原文最后一句,該句提到“混淆把計算機教育納入課程體系的目的,對學(xué)?!獰o論是職業(yè)學(xué)校還是非職業(yè)學(xué)?!紱]有好處?!庇纱丝芍?,原文提到“職業(yè)學(xué)校還是其他學(xué)?!笔窃谡f要明確目的,而不是要強調(diào)基本的職業(yè)技能教育。另外,“強調(diào)”與作者認(rèn)為計算機技能只是一種輔助相矛盾。該選項屬于偷換概念。

第5題:【選項釋義】

Theword“presumptuous”inthethirdparagraphmeans____.第三段中的“presumptuous”的意思是____。

A.self-assuredA.自信的

B.confidentB.自信的

C.insolentC.自負(fù)的

D.arrogantD.傲慢的

【答案】C

【考查點】詞匯推測題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thethirdparagraph和presumptuous定位到原文第3段第3句,該句提到“然而,如果認(rèn)為科學(xué)家、商人和會計只會有那么多的工作崗位,那就____了?!庇纱丝芍?,該詞是用來形容“認(rèn)為科學(xué)家、商人和會計只會有那么多的工作崗位”這一觀點的。后一句話提到“另外,在我們這么一個大國里,……要培養(yǎng)出足夠數(shù)量的各類專業(yè)所需的人員是不大可能的?!庇纱丝芍?,實際上,各行各業(yè)可提供的工作崗位非常多,職業(yè)教育培養(yǎng)的人才數(shù)量甚至不可能滿足需求。因此,在這樣的背景下,得出工作崗位只有那么多的觀點并沒有考慮實際,是一種自以為是的觀點,用來形容這種觀點的詞presumptuous,應(yīng)該是一個貶義詞,C選項“自負(fù)的”符合原文語義。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“自信的”,褒義詞,感情色彩不符;

B選項“自信的”,褒義詞,感情色彩不符;

D選項“傲慢的”,側(cè)重于指認(rèn)為自身比別人更重要,不考慮他人,不符合原文語境。

8.單選題

Ifbusinessmenaretaxedtoomuch,theywillnolongerbemotivatedtoworkhard,withtheresultthatincomesfromtaxationmightactually().

問題1選項

A.shrink

B.delay

C.disperse

D.sink

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。shrink收縮,減少;delay延期,耽擱;disperse分散,傳播;sink下沉。句意:如果對商人征稅過多,他們將不再有努力工作的動力,結(jié)果是稅收收入實際上可能會減少。選項A符合語境。

9.單選題

Engines[A]usedinspaceshuttlesare[B]muchlargerand[C]morestrongthanthe[D]onesusedinthecars.

問題1選項

A.used

B.muchlarger

C.morestrong

D.ones

【答案】C

【解析】【考查點】比較級用法。

【解題思路】Strong的比較級是在其后面直接加er,所以要把morestrong改為stronger。該題選擇C項。

【句意】航天飛機上使用的發(fā)動機比汽車上使用的要大得多,也更堅固。

10.單選題

IfCatlinwasthepainteroftheAmericanIndian,andBierstadttheportrayeroftheRockyMountains,theartistoftheWesterncowboysandsettlerswasFredericRemington.BominCanton,NewYork,thesonofawealthypublisher,RemingtonwasaboxerandafootballplayeratYale—thelastnameonewouldexpecttobecometheartistoftheOldWest.Butasaboyhelovedhorses,andfedonthejournalsofGeorgeCatlinandLewisandClark.Attheageofnineteen,heleftcollegetolookforadventure.HetraveledfromMontanatoTexas,asacowpuncherandprospector.Remingtonhadalwaysbeeninterestedinjournalism.Nowhebegantowritedown,andtopaintandsketchwhathesaw.Thesubjectof“WinningoftheWest”sofascinatedtheEastthatmagazinesandnewspaperswerecrammedwithaccountsoftheprospector’sadventures,andofbattleswithrustlersandotherout-laws—allthetalesthatwerethennewsandhavesincebecomelegendsinAmericanhistory.

TherearealsostoriescontributedbyBretHarte,RichardHardingDavis,JoaquinMiller,andmanymore.OftenthesewereillustratedbysketchesandpaintingsfromRemington’shand,butitwasasasculptorthatRemingtonwasthegreatestartist.

1.Thewriter’spurposeinthepassageisto().

2.Bierstadt’srelationshiptotheRockyMountaincanbecomparedtothatRemington’sto()

3.Duringhisyouth,Remingtonreadthewritingsof().

4.Remingtonbasedhisartonthe()

問題1選項

A.compareRemingtonwithCatlinandBierstadt

B.showhowthenewsstoriesofoneagebecomethelegendsofthenext

C.describethemajorworksofRemington

D.outlineRemington’scareer

問題2選項

A.NewYork

B.YaleUniversity

C.thestoriesofBretHarte

D.thecowboysoftheWest

問題3選項

A.Hart

B.Catlin

C.Bierstadt

D.Miller

問題4選項

A.storieshereadinnewspapers

B.thingshehadseenandexperienced

C.paintingshecopiedfromCatlinandBierstadt

D.principleshehadlearnedatYale

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,首先講到了雷明頓曾經(jīng)是一名拳擊手和足球運動員,19歲開始喜歡冒險,后面成為一名勘探者,一直對新聞行業(yè)感興趣,把自己看到的事物記載下來等等,這些都是在描述雷明頓的職業(yè)生涯。選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句,“IfCatlinwasthepainteroftheAmericanIndian,andBierstadttheportrayeroftheRockyMountains,theartistoftheWesterncowboysandsettlerswasFredericRemington.”。如果說卡特林是美國印第安人的畫家,比爾施塔特是描繪落基山脈的畫家,那么西部牛仔和定居者的畫家則是弗雷德里克?雷明頓。選項D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“Butasaboyhelovedhorses,andfedonthejournalsofGeorgeCatlinandLewisandClark.”。但當(dāng)他是個孩子的時候,他喜歡馬,喜歡讀喬治?卡特林、劉易斯和克拉克的作品。選項B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“Nowhebegantowritedown,andtopaintandsketchwhathesaw.”,他是將他看到的和經(jīng)歷過的寫下來或者畫下來,選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Thefirsttwodecadesofthiscenturyweredominatedbythemicrobehunters.Thesehuntershadtrackeddownoneafteranotherofthemicrobesresponsibleforthemostdreadedscourgesofmanycenturies:tuberculosis,cholera,diphtheria.Butthereremainedsometerriblediseasesforwhichnomicrobecouldbeincriminated:scurvy,pellagra,rickets,andberiberi.Thenitwasdiscoveredthatthesediseaseswerecausedbythelackofvitamins,atracesubstanceinthediet.Thediseasescouldbepreventedorcuredbyconsumingfoodsthatcontainedthevitamins.Andsointhedecadesofthel920sand1930s,nutritionbecameascienceandthevitaminhuntersreplacedthemicrobehunters.

Inthe1940sandl950s,biochemistsstrivedtolearnwhyeachofthevitaminswasessentialforhealth.Theydiscoveredthatkeyenzymesinmetabolismdependononeoranotherofthevitaminsascoenzymestoperformthechemistrythatprovidescellswithenergyforgrowthandfunction.Now,theseenzymehuntersoccupiedcenterstage.

Youareawarethattheenzymehuntershavebeenreplacedbyanewbreedofhunterswhoaretrackinggenes—theblueprintsforeachoftheenzymes—andarediscoveringthedefectivegenesthatcauseinheriteddiseases—diabetes,cysticfibrosis.Thesegenehunters,orgeneticengineers,userecombinantDNAtechnologytoidentifyandclonegenesandintroducethemintobacterialcellsandplantstocreatefactoriesforthemassiveproductionofhormonesandvaccinesformedicineandforbettercropsforagriculture.Biotechnologyhasbecomeamultibillion-dollarindustry.

Inviewoftheinexorableprogressinscience,wecanexpectthatthegenehunterswillbereplacedinthespotlight.Whenandbywhom?Whichkindofhunterwilldominatethesceneinthelastdecadeofourwaningcenturyandintheearlydecadesofthenext?Iwonderwhetherthehunterswhowilloccupythespotlightwillbeneurobiologistswhoapplythetechniquesoftheenzymeandgenehunterstothefunctionsofthebrain.Whattocallthem?Theheadhunters,Iwillreturntothemlater.

5.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

6.Howdovitaminsinfluencehealth?

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’stoneinthelastparagraphofthepassage?

8.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

問題1選項

A.Themicrobehunters.

B.Thepotentialofgeneticengineering.

C.Theprogressofmodernmedicalresearch.

D.Thediscoveryofenzymes.

問題2選項

A.Theyarenecessaryforsomeenzymestofunction.

B.Theyprotectthebodyfrommicrobes.

C.Theykeepfoodfromspoiling.

D.Theyarebrokendownbycellstoproduceenergy.

問題3選項

A.Critical

B.Speculative

C.Appreciative

D.Emotional

問題4選項

A.Thefocusofmedicalresearchwillchangeinthenexttwodecades.

B.Medicalbreakthroughsoftendependonluck.

C.Medicalresearchthroughoutthetwentiethcenturyhasbeendominatedbymicrobehunters.

D.Mostdiseasesarecausedbydefectivegenes.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。由第一段中Thefirsttwodecadesofthiscenturyweredominatedbythemicrobehunters.(微生物搜尋者在這個世紀(jì)(即20世紀(jì))的前20年占主要地位)以及Andsointhedecadesofthel920sand1930s,nutritionbecameascienceandthevitaminhuntersreplacedthemicrobehunters.(因此在20世紀(jì)20年代和30年代的幾十年里,營養(yǎng)成為一門科學(xué),而維他命搜尋者替代了微生物搜尋者。)由此可知全文都在介紹醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展。因此C選項“現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)研究的發(fā)展”正確,符合題意。A選項“微生物搜尋者”,B選項“基因工程的潛能”,D選項“酶的發(fā)現(xiàn)”都只是文中提及的一部分內(nèi)容且包括在醫(yī)學(xué)研究發(fā)展之中,不能作為整體概括,可排除。故選C。

6.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在文章的第二段Theydiscoveredthatkeyenzymesinmetabolismdependononeoranotherofthevitaminsascoenzymestoperformthechemistrythatprovidescellswithenergyforgrowthandfunction.(

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