考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京工業(yè)大學(xué)耿丹學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京工業(yè)大學(xué)耿丹學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausetheymistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethemcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewnobetter.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Areweanylessblood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversalinterest?Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesomeviolence?Humanbeingsremainsasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.TheonlydifferencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonestenoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylionstearingpeopleapartandeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefendsportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongage;sportswhicharequiteasbarbarousas,say,publichangingsorbearbaiting.

Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingorbull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomenbattereachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshouldberelativelyunmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandburstingintoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalkof‘thesportingspirit’issheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportsbecauseofthehighrewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfrontpagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintworoundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeeldisappointmentbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.

Whyshouldwebanviolentspoilsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?Youmayweltask.Theanswerissimple:theyarcuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionally—admittedlywithlittlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightmadmencoopedupincages,orpublicfloggingsofanyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpracticeswhichwerecommoninthepast.Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbiddingplacestheyusedtobe.Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanypartsoftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.Thesechangeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyandunaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethelaw.Thetawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sopinionofnowadays’humanbeingsis（）.

2.Themainideaofthispassageis（）.

3.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis（）.

4.Howmanydangeroussportsdoestheauthormentioninthispassage?

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notveryhigh

B.high.

C.contemptuous.

D.critical.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylaw.

B.peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsmoneytoseeviolence.

C.tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussports.

D.peoplearebloodthirstyinsports.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday’speople.

B.togiveanexample.

C.toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknownothingbetter.

D.toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtobloodthirsty.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Three.

B.Five.

C.Six.

D.Seven.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveourselves.

B.that,bybanningthedangeroussports,wecanimprovethelaw.

C.thatwemustlakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystem.

D.toshowlawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者在第一段指出：現(xiàn)在的我們和羅馬人的區(qū)別在于，羅馬人誠(chéng)實(shí)的承認(rèn)他們暴力且嗜血，而我們則使用各種理由來(lái)掩蓋自己和羅馬人一樣的本性。第二段作者以暴力的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)為例進(jìn)行闡述，但在第三段指出，人們努力進(jìn)行改善，比如社會(huì)福利和法律，盡管沒(méi)有成功但有所改觀。作者一直站在客觀的角度闡述事實(shí)，并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出輕蔑和批判的語(yǔ)氣，并且對(duì)人們還抱有期望，所以作者只是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的人們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)不高，選項(xiàng)A更加恰當(dāng)。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知，作者是不希望看到暴力危險(xiǎn)的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的，所以作者希望法律能夠禁止暴力危險(xiǎn)的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第一段中所提及的“Humanbeingsremainsasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.人類(lèi)仍然和以前一樣嗜血?！弊髡咧蕴岬搅_馬人，不僅僅是以此來(lái)舉例或者是和現(xiàn)在的人進(jìn)行比較，作者真正的目的在于強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的人們和以前的羅馬人一樣嗜血。所以選項(xiàng)D更恰當(dāng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文提到的危險(xiǎn)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)有：boxing(拳擊);bearbaiting(逗熊游戲);hunting(打獵);bull-fighting(斗牛);carscrashing(賽車(chē))。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句話“Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.如果我們禁止危險(xiǎn)和暴力的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，我們就向改善人類(lèi)又邁進(jìn)了一步。我們將認(rèn)識(shí)到暴力是人類(lèi)的墮落和不值得?！庇纱丝芍?，作者認(rèn)為通過(guò)禁止暴力運(yùn)動(dòng)，人們能夠改善自我。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.單選題

Theteacherwantedtomakethestudentsrealizethatreadinggoodliteratureisagoodwaytobroadentheir（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vision

B.horizon

C.scope

D.expansion

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。vision“幻覺(jué)”;horizon“眼界，地平線”;scope“范圍”;expansion“擴(kuò)充”。句意：這位老師想讓學(xué)生們意識(shí)到讀一些好的文學(xué)作品是開(kāi)闊視野的一個(gè)好的方法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Ididn’tsayanythinglikethatatall.Youarepurposely______myideatoproveyourpoint.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.revising

B.contradicting

C.distorting

D.distracting

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)revise“修正、復(fù)習(xí)、校訂”；B項(xiàng)contradict“反駁、否定”；C項(xiàng)distort“扭曲、曲解”；D項(xiàng)distract“轉(zhuǎn)移、分心”；句意：我根本沒(méi)有那樣說(shuō)，你故意曲解我的觀點(diǎn)以證明你的論點(diǎn)。因此該題C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Writingisaslowprocess,requiring（

）thought,time,andeffort.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.significant

B.enormous

C.considerable

D.numerous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。significant“有重大意義的，顯著的”;enormous“巨大的,龐大的”；considerable“相當(dāng)多（或大、重要等）的”；numerous“眾多的，許多的”一般用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞。句意：寫(xiě)作是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程，需要大量的思考、時(shí)間和努力。根據(jù)題干中的“thought,time,andeffort”可知C項(xiàng)符合題意。因此答案選C。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

人類(lèi)文明的歷史與人類(lèi)學(xué)習(xí)如何利用水資源的歷史密不可分。

這些建筑物通常都是傍依懸崖而建的，既為了建設(shè)便利，也為了抵御敵人的侵犯。

西南地區(qū)非常干旱，水源稀少。

他寫(xiě)作不為名，不圖利，是因?yàn)樗幸环N燃燒的渴望，一種表達(dá)快樂(lè)的渴望。

Bramley大學(xué)為注冊(cè)的國(guó)際學(xué)生提供7類(lèi)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金以幫助他們解決課程的費(fèi)用問(wèn)題。

【答案】Thehistoryofhumancivilizationiscloselyrelatedtothehistoryofhuman’slearningofhowtomakeuseofwaterresources.

Thesebuildingswereusuallybuiltagainstcliffs,bothforconvenientconstructionThesouthwesternregionisverydryandthewaterisscarce.

Hewritesneitherforfamenorforprofit,becausehehasastrongdesirewhichcanexpresshishappiness.

TheBramleyUniversityprovidessevenkindsofscholarshipforregisteredinternationalstudents,theaimistohelpthemsolvetheproblemofcoursecost.

6.單選題

AIDSiscausinggreatpublicconcernbecausethe（）fataldiseasehitsprimarilyyoungpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invariably

B.imperatively

C.transiently

D.deceptively

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。invariably“總是；不變地”；imperatively“命令式地”；transiently“僅持續(xù)片刻地”；deceptively“欺騙性地”，根據(jù)句意可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只能選擇副詞invariably，才能使句子符合語(yǔ)義邏輯。句意：艾滋病引起了極大的公共關(guān)注，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)……致命的疾病主要是攻擊年輕人。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

7.單選題

Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.equivalent（價(jià)值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相等的，相同的B.alike相像；十分相似

C.uniform一致的；統(tǒng)一的D.likely可能的；預(yù)料的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子可知，mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels（大多數(shù)小旅館比酒店便宜）用到了比較級(jí)，而比較通常是在同等的條件下進(jìn)行，所以空格處應(yīng)該表示“相同的”，該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】盡管他們的服務(wù)很好，大多數(shù)小旅館比同等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的酒店便宜。

8.單選題

TWAwascriticizedfortryingtocoverupthetruthratherthanpromptlynotifyingvictims'families.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.briefly

B.quickly

C.accurately

D.earnestly

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:環(huán)球航空公司被詬病其試圖掩蓋真相而不是立馬通知遇難者家屬的行為。

briefly短暫地，簡(jiǎn)略地。quickly迅速地，很快地。accurately精確地，準(zhǔn)確地。earnestly認(rèn)真地，誠(chéng)摯地。promptly迅速地。故選B。

9.單選題

Manysocietiestodayinterpretthenaturalworldandformbeliefsbasedonscienceandlogic.Societieswhichmanypeopledonotpracticeanyreligion,suchastheUnitedStates,maybeknownas()societies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.secular

C.particular

D.unique

【答案】B

【解析】句意：當(dāng)今許多社會(huì)都在詮釋自然世界，并在科學(xué)和邏輯的基礎(chǔ)上形成信仰。許多人不信仰任何宗教的社會(huì)，比如美國(guó)，可稱為世俗社會(huì)。vulgar粗俗的，通俗的；secular世俗的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Here’sascenarioyoumightrecognizeifyou’reawomandatingasocialmediabutterfly:You’resittingonthecouchtogethersilentlywatchingTV.WhenyoutakeamomenttopeekatyourTwitterfeed,youseeyoursignificantotherhasbeensharingastreamofpersonalthoughtsaboutHouseofCardswiththeTwitterverse—eventhoughhehasn’tutteredawordtoyou.

It’snosurprisethatmantendtobemoretight-lippedthanwomenabouttheirthoughtsandfeelings,butsocialmediaiscreatingahavenforsomementoexpressthemselvesonlineinwaystheydon’tinperson—andneverwouldhavebefore.Fromarelationshipperspective,thatcanbeagoodandbadthing.Womencannowturntosocialmediatogetmoreinsightintowhattheirpartnersthink,butwhere’stheintimacyinthatwhenthosefeelingsarealsobeingbroadcasttohundredsofFacebookfriendsandthousandsofTwitterfollowers.

RecentdatafromPewResearchCentersuggeststhatsocialmediaismakingitswayintorelationshipmorethanever,with74%ofcouplessurveyedsayingtheInternethasimpactedtheirrelationshipinagoodway.Womenaremorelikelythanmentousesocialmedia,with71%ofwomenparticipatingcomparedwith62%ofmen,accordingtothelatestreportfromWomen’sMediaCenter.However,whatpsychologistsandresearchersfindespeciallyinterestingisthat,whilewomenareequallywillingtosharethethoughtstheyspewoutintothedigitaletherwithsomeonefacetoface,menaremuchlesslikelytodothesame.

EvaBuechel,aPhDcandidateattheUniversityofMiamiwhohasstudiedwhypeoplesharecontentonline,hasfoundthatmenandwomenwhoexperiencesocialanxiety,andthereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupport,areequallylikelytomaintainablogorsocialmediaaccount.However,“whilesociallyapprehensivefemalesshareequallyacross”.

OtherresearchfromNorthwesternUniversityshowsthatmenareincreasinglymorelikelytosharetheircreativework,likewriting,music,orart,online.Nearlytwo-thirdsofmenina2008studysaidtheyposttheirworkonline,comparedwithonlyhalfofthewomenwhoreportedposting.

56.Fromthewordsused,itcanbeknownthatthetoneofthefirstparagraph______.

57.Whydoesamanprefertoexpressonlineratherthaninpersonaccordingtothepassage?

58.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutwomenisNOTtrue?

59.Accordingtothepassage,menandwomenremaintheirsocialmediaaccountforthefollowingreasonexcept______.

60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphaboutmen’susingsocialmedia?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.ironic

C.ridicule

D.enthusiastic

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Socialmediaisthoughttobemorepowerful.

B.Socialmediaisbelievedtobesafeandpeaceful.

C.Helikeshisopiniontobeexposedtomoreaudience.

D.Heisusuallyshyinfrontofanindividualwhiletalking.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theygotnegativelyimpactedbysocialmedia.

B.Theyusesocialmediamoreoftenthanmendo.

C.Theyknowtheirspousesmuchbetterfromsocialmedia.

D.Theyarewillingtousebothsocialmediaandfacetofacetalk.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.makingcomplaints

B.gettingsupports

C.makingfriends

D.experiencingsocialanxiety

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Menseldomsharetheiremotionallifeonit.

B.Mentrytogetsupporttohisworkonline.

C.Menarecreativeinwriting,artandthinking.

D.Mentendtomaketheircreativeworkknown.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“從用詞可以判斷第一段的語(yǔ)氣是如何的？”。第一段指出Here’sascenarioyoumightrecognizeifyou’reawomandatingasocialmediabutterfly:You’resittingonthecouchtogethersilentlywatchingTV.WhenyoutakeamomenttopeekatyourTwitterfeed,youseeyoursignificantotherhasbeensharingastreamofpersonalthoughtsaboutHouseofCardswiththeTwitterverse—eventhoughhehasn’tutteredawordtoyou.（如果你是一個(gè)喜歡社交媒體的女人，你可能會(huì)想到這樣一個(gè)場(chǎng)景：你們一起坐在沙發(fā)上默默地看電視。當(dāng)你花點(diǎn)時(shí)間瀏覽你的推特時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的另一半一直在推特上分享關(guān)于《紙牌屋》的一系列個(gè)人想法——盡管他還沒(méi)有對(duì)你說(shuō)過(guò)一個(gè)字）；文中用了一個(gè)貶義詞“butterfly（追求享樂(lè)的人）”，可以推斷這段語(yǔ)氣是嘲諷，所以C項(xiàng)“譏諷、嘲笑”符合。A項(xiàng)“批判的”不符合題意；B項(xiàng)“諷刺的、反話的”，是指用反話諷刺，文中沒(méi)有用反話所以不符合題意；D項(xiàng)“熱情的”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

57.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“為什么男士更喜歡在網(wǎng)上表達(dá)而不是當(dāng)面表達(dá)？”。第二段提到It’snosurprisethatmantendtobemoretight-lippedthanwomenabouttheirthoughtsandfeelings,butsocialmediaiscreatingahavenforsomementoexpressthemselvesonlineinwaystheydon’tinperson—andneverwouldhavebefore.（男性對(duì)自己的想法和感受往往比女性守口如瓶，這并不奇怪，但社交媒體為一些男性創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)避風(fēng)港，他們可以用自己在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中從未有過(guò)的方式在網(wǎng)上表達(dá)自己），可以推斷，男性認(rèn)為社交媒體是安全的。A項(xiàng)“男性認(rèn)為社交媒體是有力量的”沒(méi)有提到；C項(xiàng)“男性喜歡把想法講給觀眾聽(tīng)”，文中只是說(shuō)社交媒體為男性提供了避風(fēng)港；D項(xiàng)“在一個(gè)人面前說(shuō)話會(huì)害羞”，這里只是說(shuō)了男性與女性相比，男性不愛(ài)表達(dá)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，下列哪一項(xiàng)關(guān)于女性的說(shuō)法是不正確的？”。第三段第三行提到Womenaremorelikelythanmentousesocialmedia（女性比男性更有可能使用社交媒體），證明B項(xiàng)“她們使用社交媒體比男性更頻繁”正確；第二段最后一句Womencannowturntosocialmediatogetmoreinsightintowhattheirpartnersthink（現(xiàn)在，女性可以通過(guò)社交媒體來(lái)更深入地了解伴侶的想法）可知，C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)社交媒體，她們會(huì)更加了解自己的伴侶”正確；第三段倒數(shù)第二行womenareequallywillingtosharethethoughtstheyspewoutintothedigitaletherwithsomeonefacetoface（女性也同樣愿意與某人面對(duì)面地分享她們?cè)跀?shù)字世界中迸發(fā)的想法）可知，D項(xiàng)“她們既樂(lè)意在社交媒體也愿意面對(duì)面交流”正確；而A項(xiàng)“她們受到社交媒體的負(fù)面影響”文章沒(méi)有提及，只在第四段第二行提到thereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupports（因此，男性和女性更需要表達(dá)自己的負(fù)面情緒并尋求支持）。因此，該題選A。

59.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“男性和女性保持使用社交媒體的理由是以下除了……選項(xiàng)？”。從第四段EvaBuechel,aPhDcandidateattheUniversityofMiamiwhohasstudiedwhypeoplesharecontentonline,hasfoundthatmenandwomenwhoexperiencesocialanxiety,andthereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupport,areequallylikelytomaintainablogorsocialmediaaccount.（邁阿密大學(xué)博士生EvaBuechel研究為什么人們?cè)诰€分享內(nèi)容，他發(fā)現(xiàn)男性和女性經(jīng)歷社會(huì)焦慮，也因此更需要表達(dá)自己的負(fù)面情緒，尋求支持，同樣有可能保持一個(gè)博客或社交媒體賬戶）可以看出，A項(xiàng)“抱怨”、B項(xiàng)“得到支持”、D項(xiàng)“經(jīng)歷社會(huì)焦慮”均提到，唯獨(dú)C項(xiàng)“交朋友”沒(méi)有提及。所以該題選C。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“關(guān)于男性使用社交媒體，從最后一段可以推斷出……？”。最后一段講到menareincreasinglymorelikelytosharetheircreativework,likewriting,music,orart,online.Nearlytwo-thirdsofmenina2008studysaidtheyposttheirworkonline,comparedwithonlyhalfofthewomenwhoreportedposting.（男性越來(lái)越愿意在網(wǎng)上分享他們的創(chuàng)造性工作，如寫(xiě)作、音樂(lè)或藝術(shù)；在2008年的一項(xiàng)研究中，近三分之二的男性表示他們會(huì)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布自己的工作，相比之下，只有一半的女性會(huì)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布工作）；可以推斷男性更愿意分享自己的工作，A項(xiàng)“男性從來(lái)不分享他們的感情生活”沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“男性希望在網(wǎng)上得到工作上的支持”也沒(méi)有提到；C項(xiàng)“男性在寫(xiě)作、藝術(shù)和思考方面更有創(chuàng)造性”文中并沒(méi)有說(shuō)到，只是說(shuō)他們?cè)敢夥窒怼Ｒ虼薉選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Inthenextfewyearsmajorchangeswillbe（）inChina’sindustries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.broughtforward

B.broughtup

C.broughton

D.broughtabout

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項(xiàng)broughtforward提前，提出；B選項(xiàng)broughtup提出，養(yǎng)育；C選項(xiàng)broughton導(dǎo)致，引起，使發(fā)展；D選項(xiàng)broughtabout導(dǎo)致，帶來(lái)，產(chǎn)生。bringon是指事情己經(jīng)告一段落又再次被引起，而bringabout則指事情被從頭引起；根據(jù)句意“在接下來(lái)的幾年中，中國(guó)的工業(yè)將發(fā)生巨大的變化”，因此，因此，D項(xiàng)更符合題意。

12.單選題

Thecomputercanbeprogrammedto（）awholevarietyoftasks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assign

B.tackle

C.realize

D.solve

【答案】B

【解析】句意:計(jì)算機(jī)可以編程來(lái)處理各種各樣的任務(wù)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。assign分配，指定;tackle處理，應(yīng)對(duì);realize實(shí)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)識(shí)到；solve解決，解答。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“編程”以及空格處賓語(yǔ)“各種各樣的任務(wù)”可知B項(xiàng)符合句意。

13.單選題

“I’dliketohavealookatyourcamerasbeforeIdecideonone.”“Wehaveseveral

models（

）.”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.foryoutochoosefrom

B.forthechoiceofyours

C.foryourchoice

D.foryoutochoose

【答案】A

【解析】考查不定式。不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾severalmodels，此處表示從中選擇，因此選A。

句意：“在我決定之前，我想先看看你的相機(jī)?！薄拔覀冇袔讉€(gè)款式供你選擇?！?/p>

14.單選題

_____wearehavingthesedays!

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatalovelyweather

B.Whatlovelyweathers

C.Whatlovelyweather

D.Whatlovelyaweather

【答案】C

【解析】考查what感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)。What的用法有：What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，weather為不可數(shù)名詞，所以選項(xiàng)C用法正確，其余均表述有誤。

15.單選題

Themachineryhadbeenwreckedsoefficientlythatpoliceweresureitwasacaseof______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vagabond

B.sabotage

C.paradox

D.tachyon

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.vagabond流浪者；無(wú)業(yè)游民B.sabotage蓄意破壞；刻意阻礙

C.paradox悖論，反論；似是而非的論點(diǎn)D.tachyon速子，超光束粒子

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由前文關(guān)鍵信息“Themachineryhadbeenwreckedsoefficiently（機(jī)器被破壞得很厲害）”可推斷這是蓄意而為，因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】機(jī)器被毀壞得如此厲害，以致警方斷定這是一起蓄意破壞事件。

16.單選題

______totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Wereyouused

B.Areyouused

C.Didyouuse

D.Doyouused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你不是經(jīng)常告訴我們個(gè)人的利益應(yīng)該從屬于集體的利益嗎？sb.usedtodo“某人過(guò)去常常做某事”，其一般疑問(wèn)句為didsb.usetodo；sb.beusedto(doing)sth.“習(xí)慣于（做）某事”，其一般疑問(wèn)句為be動(dòng)詞提前；beusedtodosth.“被用來(lái)做某事”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，這里指的是過(guò)去常常告訴我們某事，C選項(xiàng)Didyouuse符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

It’sapitythatweshouldstayathomewhenwehave（

）weather.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sofine

B.suchfine

C.suchafine

D.sofinea

【答案】B

【解析】考查so與such的用法。weather是不可數(shù)名詞，such+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

18.單選題

Afirmmightsometimessellatalosstodriveacompetitoroutofbusiness,and（

）increaseitsmarketpower.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.thereby

C.hence

D.further

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。therefore因此，所以；thereby從而，因此；hence因此，今后；further而且。

句意：公司有時(shí)可能會(huì)虧本出售將競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手?jǐn)D出市場(chǎng)，從而提高其市場(chǎng)權(quán)力。選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

19.單選題

DeadSeaisasaltwaterlakeinsouthwesternAsia.Itsshore,whichliesabout399metersbelowsealevel,isthelowestplaceonthesurfaceoftheearth.TheDeadSeaisthesaltiestbodyofwaterintheworld.Itisaboutninetimesassaltyastheocean.ThelakeliesatthemouthoftheRiverJordanandformspartoftheborderbetweenIsraelandJordan.

ThesaltywatersofDeadSeaappearsmoothandsparkling.Rockyandbarrenlandsurroundsthelake,andsteep,brightlycoloredcliffsriseaboveitseasternandwesternbanks.ThelakeiscalledtheDeadSeabecausefewplantsandnofishexceptbrineshrimpliveinitswaters.Inaddition,littleplantlifegrowsinthesaltysoilaroundtheDeadSea.

TheDeadSealiesintheGhor,adeepfault(breakintheearth'soutershell,alongwhichrockhasmoved).Thelakecoversabout1,040squarekilometers.Itis18kilometerswideatitswidestpointandabout80kilometerslong.

ApeninsulacalledAtLisanjutsintotheDeadSeafromitseasternshoreanddividesthelakeintoalargenorthernbasinandasmallersouthernbasin.Thelake'sdeepestpartisinthenorthernbasin.Inthisarea,thelakebosomlies400metersbelowthesurfaceandabout799metersbelowsealevel.

Sincetheearly1900's,thewaterleveloftheDeadSeahasbeenslowlyfalling.Theregiongetslessthan100millimetersofrainannually.TheRiverJordanandseveralstreamspourrelativelyfreshwaterintothelake.Thefreshwatermixeswithsaltywateratthesurface.Butextremeheatintheareacausesthiswatertoevaporaterapidly.Thus,theDeadSeanevergrowslesssalty.Thehighsaltcontentofthewaterprovidesgreatbuoyancy,enablingswimmerstofloatwithease.

TheDeadSeacontainslargequantitiesofminerals,includingcommonsalt,bromine,calciumchloride,andpotassiumchloride.AnIsraelicompanycalledtheDeadSeaWorkextractsthemineralsfromthewaterforuseinmakingsuchproductsastablesalt,fertilizer,anddrugs.

AtthesouthernendoftheDeadSeaanetworkofdikesformsshallowpoolsthatcovermorethat100squarekilometers.Thesepoolsevaporateandleavebehindmineralsolids,whicharethenrefinedbytheDeadSeaWorks.SomepeoplebelievethatbathingintheDeadSeaishealthfulbecauseofitshighmineralcontent.Severalhealthresortsintheareaprovidefacilitiesforbathers.

TheDeadSeawasprobablyformedmillionsofyearsagowhentheArabianpeninsulaandtheAfricancontinentshiftedandformedtheGreatRiftValley.TheDeadSeaismentionedintheBibleasTheSaltSea.TheancientcitiesofSodomandGomorrahstoodnearthelake.

1.WhatarethestrikingmainfeaturesoftheDeadSea?

2.Extremeheatisresponsiblefor（）.

3.Scholarsarenotquitesureabout（）.

4.TheDeadSeais（）.

5.ThewaterintheDeadSeaissosaltythatpeoplecan（）.

6.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludethat（）.

7.Inthephrase"Inthisarea"inline3ofparagraph4,"thisarea"refersto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.DeadSeaisapartofAsia.

B.Itisthesaltiestandlowestlakeoftheworld.

C.DeadSeaisnotsodeadthatsomefishcanliveinitswater.

D.Theregiongetsalotrainannually.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thehighsaltcontentofthewater

B.richresources

C.alonghistory

D.thewateroftheDeadSea

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theSaltSea

B.theBible

C.minerals

D.theformationoftheDeadSea

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tothesoutheasternAsia

B.notbarrenland

C.abundantinminerals

D.dead

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.batheinitformedicalpurpose

B.swiminit

C.floateasilyinthewater

D.useitastheonlysourceforsalt

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.thewaterlevelnowislowerthanitwasbeforeearly1900's

B.manyhealthresortsarebuiltaroundtheDeadSeasinceearly1900's

C.thereisnolifeintheDeadSea

D.theheavyraineachyeargreatlydilutethewaterintheDeadSea

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.theDeadSea

B.AtLisan

C.Northernbasin

D.Southernbasin

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的二三句“Itsshore,whichliesabout399metersbelowsealevel,isthelowestplaceonthesurfaceoftheearth.TheDeadSeaisthesaltiestbodyofwaterintheworld.”可知,死海最顯著的幾個(gè)特征是海拔最低,海水最咸,所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第五段的倒數(shù)二三句“Butextremeheatintheareacausesthiswatertoevaporaterapidly.Thus,theDeadSeanevergrowslesssalty.”該地區(qū)的極端高溫導(dǎo)致這些水迅速蒸發(fā)。因此,死海的鹽分從未減少過(guò)。也就是海水含鹽量大,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“TheDeadSeawasprobablyformedmillionsofyearsago...”由“probably”可以推測(cè),學(xué)者們對(duì)死海的形成不太確定。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第七段倒數(shù)第二句“...bathingintheDeadSeaishealthfulbecauseofitshighmineralcontent.”有些人認(rèn)為,在死海洗澡是健康的,因?yàn)樗缓V物質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Thehighsaltcontentofthewaterprovidesgreatbuoyancy,enablingswimmerstofloatwithease.”含鹽量極高的水提供了巨大的浮力,使游泳者可以輕松漂浮。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

6.根據(jù)第五段第一句“Sincetheearly1900's,thewaterleveloftheDeadSeahasbeenslowlyfalling.”可知選項(xiàng)A符合原文,其他選項(xiàng)均表述錯(cuò)誤。

7.根據(jù)原文上一句提到,這個(gè)湖最深的地方在北部水域,下一句指出湖泊位于水面以下400米,海平面以下約799米,說(shuō)明“Inthisarea”指的就是北部水域,選項(xiàng)C正確。

20.翻譯題

在日常生活中，力似乎是靠“直接接觸”（directcontact）來(lái)傳遞的。

【答案】Indailylife,powerseemstobetransferredbydirectcontact.

21.單選題

Manyadultsmaythinktheyaregettingenoughshut-eye,butinamajorsleepstudyalmost80percentofrespondentsadmittedtonotgettingtheirprescribedamountofnightlyrest.So,whatexactlyistherightamountofsleep?Researchshowsthatadultsneedanaverageofseventoninehoursofsleepanightforoptimalfunctionality.Readontoseejusthowmuchofanimpactmoderatesleepdeprivationcanhaveonyourmindandbody.

Bygettinglessthansixhoursofsleepanight,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskofhighbloodpressure.Whenyousleep,yourheartgetsabreakandisabletoslowdownforasignificantperiodoftime.Butcuttingbackonsleepmeansyourhearthastoworkovertimewithoutitsallottedbreak.Inconstantlydoingso,yourbodymustaccommodatetoitsnewconditionsandelevateyouroveralldailybloodpressure.Andtheheartisn’ttheonlyorganthatisovertaxedbyalackofsleeps.Thelesssleepyouget,thelesstimethebrainhastoregulatestresshormones,andovertime,sleepdeprivationcouldpermanentlyhinderthebrain’sabilitytoregulatethesehormones,leadingtoelevatedbloodpressure.

Weallhangaroundinbedduringourboutsofillness.Butdidyouknowthatskippingoutonthebedrestcanincreaseyourriskofgettingsick?Prolongedsleepdeprivationhaslongbeenassociatedwithdiminishedimmunefunctions,butresearchershavealsofoundadirectcorrelationbetween“modest”sleepdeprivation—lessthansixhours—andreducedimmuneresponse.Sotrytotoughenupyourimmunesystembygettingatleastsevenhoursofsleepanight,andmaintainingahealthydiet.You’llbegladyougotthatextrahourofsleepthenexttimethatbugcomesaroundandleaveseveryoneelsebedriddenwithafeverforthreedays.

DuringdeepREMsleep,yourmuscles(exceptthoseintheeyes)areessentiallyimmobilizedinordertokeepyoufromactingoutonyourdreams.Unfortunately,thiseffortyourbodymakestokeepyousafewhiledreamingcansometimesbackfire,resultinginsleepparalysis.SleepparalysisoccurswhenthebrainisarousedfromitsREMcycle,butthebodyremainsinitsimmobilizingstate.Thiscanbequiteafrighteningsensationbecause,whileyourmindisslowlyregainingconsciousness,ithasnocontroloveryourbody,leavingsomewithafeelingofpowerlessness,fearandpanic.Mostpeopleexperiencethiseeriephenomenaatleastonceintheirlives,butthosewhoaresleepdeprivedaremorelikelytohavepanickedepisodesofsleepparalysisthatareusuallyaccompaniedbyhallucinations,aswell.Forasecond,imagineallofyourmemoriesareerased;everybirthday,summervacation,evenwhatyoudidyesterdayafternooniscompletelylost,becauseyouhavenorecollectionofthem.It’sachillingthought,butthatiswhatalifewithoutsleepwouldbelike.Sleepisessentialtothecognitivefunctionsofthebrain,andwithoutit,ourabilitytoconsolidatememories,learndailytasks,andmakedecisionsisimpairedbyalargedegree.ResearchhasrevealedthatREMsleep,ordream-sleep,helpssolidifythe“fragile”memoriesthebraincreatesthroughoutthedaytothattheycanbeeasilyorganizedandstoredinthemind’slong-termcache.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemeaningof“sleepdeprivation”？

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?

3.Whyistheretheso-called“sleepparalysis”？

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?

5.Whateffectsofsleepdeprivationonhumanmindandbodyarediscussedinthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tosleepforanaverageperiodoftime.

B.Tosleepdeeplywithoutdreaming.

C.Tosleeplessthanneeded.

D.Tosleepmodestly.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewithsleepdeprivationwillbeabeletosleeplonger.

B.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewhousuallyhaveadequatesleepwillbealright.

C.Onlymodestsleepdeprivationcouldweakentheimmunesystem,

D.Prolongedsleepdeprivationwillnothaveimpactontheimmunesystem.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itoccurswhenyouareunabletowakeupfromdreamswhileyouaresleeping.

B.Itoccurswhenyoubrainimmobilizesyourbodyinordertokeepyoufromdreaming.

C.BecauseyouareusuallytoofrightenedtomoveyourbodywhenwakingupfromdeepREMsleep.

D.Becauseyourbody,immobilizedwhendreaming,maystillbeunabletomoveevenwhenyourbrainiswakingup.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Memoriesarepartofthecognitivefunctionofthebrain.

B.Memoriescreatedduringthedaytimeareusuallyfragileandimpaired.

C.Y