考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

[A]Standinginthedriveway,thehouse[B]appearedtobemuchsmallerthanithad[C]seemedtous[D]aschildrenmanyyearsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Standinginthedriveway

B.appeared

C.seemed

D.aschildren

【答案】A

【解析】【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

【解題思路】Standinginthedriveway（站在車道上）為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該為“名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞”，Standing的主語為we，因此A選項(xiàng)改為Westandinginthedrivingway。

【句意】站在車道上，這所房子似乎比許多年前我們孩提時(shí)所看到的要小得多。

2.單選題

Aneducationalenvironmenttoseparateyoufromthedailyrigorsoflife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isdesigned

B.designed

C.istobedesigned

D.designs

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的用法。句子主語是aneducationalenvironment“一種教育環(huán)境”，是design動(dòng)作執(zhí)行的對(duì)象，因此要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示“教育環(huán)境被設(shè)計(jì)成”；固定用法bedesignedtodo“打算、目的是”；A選項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語態(tài)；B選項(xiàng)主動(dòng)語態(tài)；C選項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表“將要被設(shè)定成”；D選項(xiàng)主動(dòng)語態(tài)；句意：教育環(huán)境能將你從日常生活的艱辛中抽離出來。根據(jù)句意A選項(xiàng)最符合題意。

3.單選題

Forcenturiesanimalshavebeenusedas（）forpeopleinexperimentstoassesstheeffectsoftherapeuticandotheragentsthatmightlaterbeusedinhumans.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.benefactors

B.companions

C.precedent

D.surrogates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:benefactor“捐助者”；B:companion“同伴”；C:precedent“先例”；D:surrogate“代理；代用品，代替”。句意：幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，動(dòng)物在實(shí)驗(yàn)中被用作人類的替代品，用來評(píng)價(jià)那些以后會(huì)用在人類身上的醫(yī)療制劑和其他制劑的效果。根據(jù)語境和句意可知D為正確答案。

4.單選題

Thechiefeditorthoughthetooksomelibertieswiththeoriginalintranslation.Soitwasnecessarythathemakethe（

）suggested.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alterations

B.alternatives

C.alternations

D.altercations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。alteration“修改；改變；變更”；alternative“二中擇一”；alternation“交替，輪流”；altercation“爭(zhēng)吵，吵架”。句意：主編認(rèn)為他的譯文對(duì)原文做了些改動(dòng)。所以他有必要針對(duì)這些建議進(jìn)行修改。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.翻譯題

1.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthose(

)（畢生致力于詩歌的人）:theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.

2.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,

(

)

（否則她上周就該回信了）.

3.Nancyissupposedto

(

)

（做完化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)）atleasttwoweeksago.

4.Neveronce

(

)（老兩口互相爭(zhēng)吵）sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.

5.

(

)（一個(gè)國(guó)家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于）thequalityofeducationofitspeople.

【答案】1.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthosewhohavespenttheirwholelivesonpoems

（畢生致力于詩歌的人）:theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.

2.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,orsheshouldhaverepliedtomelastweek

（否則她上周就該回信了）.

3.Nancyissupposedtohavefinishedherchemistryexperiments（做完化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)）atleasttwoweeksago.

4.Neveroncehastheoldcouplequarreledwitheachother

（老兩口互相爭(zhēng)吵）sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.

5.Theprosperityofanationislargelydependentupon

（一個(gè)國(guó)家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于）thequalityofeducationofitspeople.

6.單選題

Peopleinnately（）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。A選項(xiàng)“為……奮斗，爭(zhēng)取……”；B選項(xiàng)“確定，探知”；C選項(xiàng)“證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)摹?；D選項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持……”，句意為：人們天生（）比同齡人優(yōu)越，盡管有時(shí)表現(xiàn)為夸張的權(quán)力欲。本句表示“人們天生就想爭(zhēng)取比同齡人優(yōu)越”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor,youmustbeableto（1）theattentionandinterestofyourstudents;youmustbea（2）speaker,withagood,strong,（3）voicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeableto（4）whatyouareteachinginordertomakeitsmeaningclear.（5）agoodteacherandyouwillseethathedoesnotsitstill（6）hisclass.Hestandsthewholetimewhenheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghis（7）,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeeling.Listentohim,andyouwill（8）theloudness,thequalityandthemusicalnoteofhisvoicealways（9）accordingtowhatheis（10）about.Thefactthatagoodteacherhassomeofthegiftsofagoodactordoesn’t（11）thathewillindeedbeabletoact（12）onthestage,forthereareveryimportant（13）betweentheteacher’sworkandtheactor’s.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythe（14）wordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart;（15）hismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusually（16）beforehand.Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseem（17）onthestage.

Agoodteacher（18）inquiteadifferentway.Hisstudentstakeanactivepartinhis（19）:theyaskandanswerquestions;theyobeyorders;andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theywillsayso.Theteacherthereforehastosuithisacttotheneedsofhisstudents.Hecannotlearnhispartbyhispartbyheart,butmust（20）itashegoesalong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pay

B.hold

C.give

D.know

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.clear

B.slow

C.quick

D.loud

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.frightening

B.exciting

C.fearing

D.pleasing

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.act

B.talk

C.say

D.repeat

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Listen

B.Watch

C.Look

D.Observe

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.behind

C.before

D.with

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.tongue

B.words

C.sound

D.arms

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.hear

B.see

C.think

D.guess

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.making

B.changing

C.expressing

D.giving

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.talking

B.thinking

C.hearing

D.saying

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.tell

B.express

C.show

D.mean

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.badly

C.well

D.actively

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.things

B.differences

C.points

D.jobs

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.different

B.same

C.above

D.following

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.just

B.never

C.ever

D.even

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.read

B.known

C.fixed

D.written

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.real

C.false

D.teaches

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.has

C.works

D.teaches

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.group

B.party

C.class

D.play

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.invent

B.discover

C.teach

D.continue

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:B

第15題:D

第16題:C

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。holdtheattentionofsb.表示“吸引某人的注意力”，故選B項(xiàng)。

第2題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)clear“清楚的；清澈的”；B選項(xiàng)slow“慢的；減速的；遲鈍的”；C選項(xiàng)quick“快的，迅速的；敏捷的”；D選項(xiàng)loud“大聲的，高聲的；不斷的”。由后面的“makeitsmeaningclear(將意思表達(dá)清楚)”可知A項(xiàng)符合句意。

第3題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)frightening“令人恐懼的，突然驚恐的”；B選項(xiàng)exciting“令人興奮的；使人激動(dòng)的”；C選項(xiàng)fearing是動(dòng)詞fear“害怕，擔(dān)心”的現(xiàn)在分詞；D選項(xiàng)pleasing“令人愉快的；討人喜歡的”。此處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾名詞voice，并且應(yīng)與“good,strong”并列，因此D項(xiàng)符合語境。

第4題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)act“行動(dòng)；表現(xiàn)；起作用；扮演”；B選項(xiàng)talk“說話；談?wù)?；談心”；C選項(xiàng)say“講；說明；例如；聲稱”；D選項(xiàng)repeat“重復(fù)”?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語是“whatyouareteaching(你所教授的內(nèi)容)”，而由第一句中的youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor（你需要具備一個(gè)好演員的一些天賦）可知A項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Listen“聽，傾聽”；B選項(xiàng)Watch“觀察；注視；看守，指用眼睛跟隨某物，以便對(duì)每一個(gè)變化、運(yùn)動(dòng)等進(jìn)行觀察”；C選項(xiàng)Look“看；期待；注意，側(cè)重短暫的看的動(dòng)作，但并不一定能看見，有時(shí)用來喚起別人的注意”；D選項(xiàng)Observe“觀察；說；注意到，側(cè)重以客觀的態(tài)度觀察”?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語是“agoodteacher(一名好老師)”，因此B項(xiàng)正確。

第6題:空格處句意為：…她不是靜止地站在班級(jí)的…。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“在……前面”符合句意。

第7題:考查名詞辨析。由題干及選項(xiàng)可知空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞，跟handsandfingers（手和手指）并列,因此D項(xiàng)“手臂”正確。

第8題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。空格處動(dòng)詞的賓語是ofhisvoice（他的聲音），因此A項(xiàng)“聽見”正確。

第9題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)make“使得；進(jìn)行；布置”；B選項(xiàng)change“改變，轉(zhuǎn)變”；C選項(xiàng)express“表達(dá)；快遞”；D選項(xiàng)give“產(chǎn)生；讓步；舉辦”。句意：你將聽見他的聲音的大小、音質(zhì)及音符根據(jù)…一直…，這里應(yīng)表示“音符根據(jù)老師講課時(shí)的聲音有高低變化”，故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

第10題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，并應(yīng)與后面的about構(gòu)成搭配。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意跟搭配。talkabout表示“談?wù)?，講”。D項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)與about搭配也表示“說到，談及”，但不如A項(xiàng)正式。故選A。

第11題:考查固定搭配。doesnotmeanthat表示“不意味著”。

第12題:考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)good“好的，優(yōu)良的”；B選項(xiàng)badly“非常，很；嚴(yán)重地”；C選項(xiàng)well“很好地；充分地”；D選項(xiàng)actively“積極地；活躍地”。句意：一個(gè)好的老師具有一個(gè)好的演員的一些天賦的事實(shí)不意味著他將確實(shí)能在舞臺(tái)上……扮演，因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

第13題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)things“事物”；B選項(xiàng)differences“偏差，差異”；C選項(xiàng)points“見解，目的”；D選項(xiàng)jobs“工作”。句意：老師與演員的工作有很重要的不同。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。

第14題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)different“不同的；個(gè)別的，與眾不同的”；B選項(xiàng)same“相同的；同一的”；C選項(xiàng)above“前文述及的；上述的”；D選項(xiàng)following“其次的，接著的”。句意：每次他表演某一角色時(shí)，他（演員）不得不準(zhǔn)確地重復(fù)…言語。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

第15題:考查副詞辨析。此處是對(duì)前面“使用同樣言語”舉例的進(jìn)一步舉例。因此D項(xiàng)“甚至”正確。

第16題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。A選項(xiàng)read“閱讀；讀懂”；B選項(xiàng)know“知道；認(rèn)識(shí)；懂得”；C選項(xiàng)fix“固定；確定”；D選項(xiàng)write“寫，書寫”。句意：他的動(dòng)作和他使用他的聲音的方式經(jīng)常事先…。由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。

第17題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)natural“自然的；物質(zhì)的”；B選項(xiàng)real“實(shí)際的；真實(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)false“錯(cuò)誤的；虛偽的”；D選項(xiàng)teach“教；教授；教導(dǎo)”。句意：他不得不做的就是去比這些被認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)的言語和動(dòng)作在舞臺(tái)上看上去…。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

第18題:邏輯分析。由上一段的“theteacher’swork”對(duì)應(yīng)可知C項(xiàng)“工作”正確。

第19題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)group“組；團(tuán)體”；B選項(xiàng)party“政黨，黨派；聚會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)class“階級(jí)；班級(jí)；種類”；D選項(xiàng)play“游戲；比賽；劇本”。此處將老師比喻成演員，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

第20題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)invent“發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造；虛構(gòu)”；B選項(xiàng)discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺”；C選項(xiàng)teach“教；教授；教導(dǎo)”；D選項(xiàng)continue“繼續(xù)，延續(xù)；仍舊”。此處句意為：他不能熟記他的角色，而是一定要根據(jù)教學(xué)進(jìn)展而…他的角色?？崭袂疤岬健氨仨氉屪约旱陌缪葸m應(yīng)學(xué)生的需要”可知A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

To（）forhisunpleasantexperienceshedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。commmence入手；compromise妥協(xié)，折中；compensate賠償；，彌補(bǔ)，抵消；compliment恭維，稱贊。由后半句他喝了過多的酒是來消除他不愉快的經(jīng)歷，借酒消愁。故C項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

TheIndiansseelittle（

）forsuccessandbecomefrustrated,becausetheyusuallygotoinferiorschoolandoftencannotadjusttolifeinthecity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.instinct

B.proposition

C.priority

D.prospect

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“直覺”；B選項(xiàng)“命題，主題”；C選項(xiàng)“優(yōu)先權(quán)”；D選項(xiàng)“前途，預(yù)期”。句意：印第安人似乎只有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)對(duì)成功（）而且變得沮喪，因?yàn)樗麄兺ǔＨソ虒W(xué)質(zhì)量不好的學(xué)校而且不能適應(yīng)城市生活。從關(guān)鍵詞gotoinferiorschoolandoftencannotadjusttolifeinthecity可知，印第安人成功希望不是很大，所以答案選D。

10.單選題

Inthe1930s,whenmillionsofcomicbookswere______theyoungwithfightingandkilling,nobodyseemedtonoticethattheviolenceofcarsinthestreetswasmorehysterical.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inundating

B.imitating

C.immolating

D.insulating

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inundating“泛濫；使充滿”；B選項(xiàng)imitating“模仿”；C選項(xiàng)immolating“獻(xiàn)祭；犧牲”；D選項(xiàng)insulating“隔離”。句意：在20世紀(jì)30年代，數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的漫畫書______年輕人的戰(zhàn)斗和殺戮，似乎沒有人注意到，街道上的汽車暴力比這更歇斯底里。根據(jù)語境，這里是漫畫書里有很多年輕人的暴力因素，所以inundating“泛濫；使充滿”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Howeverimportantweregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsapprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmatterasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwritinganddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Theinformalteaandmanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyear,aswellasnewwaysofreportingpupils’progress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatripandengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematics,andatthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovepassageisthat（）.

2.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（）.

3.Wemayinferthatthewriterofthisarticledoesnotfavor（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

D.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.issatisfiedwithpresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschool

B.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

C.feelsthatparent-teacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent

D.isoftheopinionthatteachersofthisgenerationareinferiortothoseofthelastgeneration

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.afather’shelpinghissonwiththelatter’sstudies

B.writtencommunicationstotheparentfromtheteacher

C.havingtheparentsobservelessonswhichthechildrenarebeingtaught

D.principal-parentconferencesratherthanteacher-parentconferences

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段提出父母對(duì)孩子的影響是不容忽視的，接下來的內(nèi)容主要是討論如何幫助家長(zhǎng)理解并且推進(jìn)學(xué)校目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵——教師。所以選項(xiàng)B更能概括全文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，作為一名專業(yè)顧問，教師最需要的是一種創(chuàng)造性的方法和家長(zhǎng)溝通，以便他們知道如何有效的利用孩子們的課外時(shí)間。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為教師和家長(zhǎng)之間的溝通可以更進(jìn)一步，更具有建設(shè)性意義。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，老師在得到管理員允許的情況下也可以起到啟發(fā)家長(zhǎng)的重要作用，非正式的茶會(huì)和許多訪談，以及報(bào)告學(xué)生進(jìn)步的新方法，都可以顯著地幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)校和家庭之間的和諧互動(dòng)。由此可知，作者支持的是老師來進(jìn)行面談會(huì)而不是校長(zhǎng)，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

12.填空題

Directions:Belowisapassageaboutclimatechange.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesontheANSWERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

VolcanoesMayBeSlowingDownClimateChangeTheplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredictedanditcouldbethatsulfuremissionsfromvolcanoesareblockingsunlight,coolingtheEarth.Smallvolcaniceruptionsmightbepartofthereasonwhythepaceofglobalwarminghasn’tkeptupwithprevious66anewstudypublishedinNature.Eruptionsofatleast17volcanoessince2000,includingKasatochiinAlaskaandMerapiinIndonesia,seemtohavehadacoolinginfluenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceand_67atmosphere.Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown68littlewarming.Thisso-called‘hiatus’puzzledresearchersaroundtheglobehavebeenworkingtounderstandthisphenomenon.“Thehiatusisafascinatingdetectivestory,’’saystheleadauthorofthestudy.“Whatweshowisthatevenwithoutanycomputermodelcalculationsthereisaclear69oftheseearlyvolcanicactivityhavingeffectsontemperaturesandonthereflectedsunlightoftheatmosphere,”saystheleadofthestudy.Researchshowsthatlargevolcaniceruptionsinjectsulfurdioxidegasintothestratosphere.Thegasformstinydropletsofsulfuricacid,alsoknownas“volcanicaerosols,”thatcanblocksunlight.Thatcoolingeffecthasbeenlargely70byclimatescientistsuntilnow,butitseemstopartlyoffsetthewarningfromhuman-causedchangesingreenhousegases.

【答案】66.predictions

67.lower

68.relatively

69.signal

70.ignored

【解析】66.考查上下文語境。根據(jù)Theplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredicted（地球并沒有像氣候模型預(yù)測(cè)的那樣變暖）中的predicted可知此處應(yīng)該是predictions.句意：《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，小型火山爆發(fā)可能是全球變暖速度沒有跟上之前預(yù)測(cè)的一致的部分原因。

67.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法。空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容詞。選項(xiàng)中能與atmosphere搭配的形容詞是lower，influenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceandloweratmosphere（對(duì)地球表面和低層大氣的溫度的影響）符合句意。

68.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法?？崭裉帒?yīng)該填入一個(gè)程度副詞修飾little表示“相當(dāng)小”。根據(jù)句子Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown…littlewarming.（在過去，研究人員觀察到溫室氣體水平的增加和全球變暖，但在過去的15年里，地球表面的溫度幾乎沒有顯示出相當(dāng)小的變暖跡象），可知應(yīng)該填入relatively程度副詞。

69.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法。前面有不定冠詞a和形容詞clear,此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有signal符合。句意：我們所展示的是，即使沒有任何計(jì)算機(jī)模型計(jì)算，也有明確的信號(hào)表明，這些早期的火山活動(dòng)對(duì)溫度和大氣反射的陽光產(chǎn)生了影響。

70.

考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)hasbeenlargely…by判斷，這里是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，需要填動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有ignored是過去分詞。句意：到目前為止，這種降溫效應(yīng)在很大程度上一直被氣候科學(xué)家所忽視。

13.單選題

Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen______inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmencancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gliding

B.cruising

C.piloting

D.patrolling

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)glide“滑行，滑翔”；B選項(xiàng)cruise“（船，飛機(jī)）航行，游行”；C選項(xiàng)pilot“駕駛，領(lǐng)航”；D選項(xiàng)patrol“巡邏，巡查”。根據(jù)inthemiddleofthePacific可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：衛(wèi)星通信高度發(fā)達(dá)，即使商人在太平洋的中部航行，也可以和辦公室及時(shí)聯(lián)系，就好像他們?cè)诟舯谝粯印?/p>

14.單選題

Withsomuchfocusonchildren'suseofscreens,it'seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,"anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine."

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhouseddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents'facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive-astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice-itcanbeextremelydisconcertingforthechildren.Radeskycitesthe"stillfaceexperiment"devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback:Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention."Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelypresentatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,"saysRadesky.

Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids'useofscreensarebomoutofan"oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting"withtheirchildren:"It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem."Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere’snovaluetoit-particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthembemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.

1.Radeskycitesthe"stillfaceexperiment"toshowthat（

）.

2.TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto

（

）.

3.AccordingtoTronick,kid'suseofscreensmay（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions

B.verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange

C.childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents'mood

D.parentsneedtorespondtochildren'semotionalneeds

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies

B.teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear

C.ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

D.remainconcernedaboutkid'suseofscreens

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.givetheirparentssomefreetime

B.maketheirparentsmorecreative

C.helpthemwiththeirhomework

D.helpthembecomemoreattentive

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘Radesky引用“靜態(tài)面部實(shí)驗(yàn)”來證明什么？’根據(jù)文章第三段第一句‘Infantsarewiredtolookatparents'facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive-astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice-itcanbeextremelydisconcertingforthechildren.嬰兒很容易通過看父母的臉來試圖理解他們的世界，如果這些臉是空白的、沒有反應(yīng)的——就像他們沉浸在一個(gè)設(shè)備里時(shí)經(jīng)常做的那樣——這對(duì)孩子來說是非常令人不安的?！妥詈笠痪洹癙arentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelypresentatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed.父母不必時(shí)時(shí)刻刻都在身邊，但需要有一個(gè)平衡，父母需要對(duì)孩子的情感需求的語言或非語言表達(dá)做出反應(yīng)和敏感?！贝_定實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了證明D選項(xiàng)“父母需要回應(yīng)孩子的情感需求”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘特羅尼克提到的壓迫性意識(shí)形態(tài)要求父母干什么？’根據(jù)文章最后一段中“an‘oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting’withtheirchildren.“壓迫性的意識(shí)形態(tài)”要求父母應(yīng)該始終與孩子互動(dòng)?！贝_定C選項(xiàng)“確保與孩子不斷的互動(dòng)”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問‘據(jù)特洛尼克說，孩子們使用屏幕可能會(huì)怎樣？’根據(jù)最后一段中“Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere’snovaluetoit-particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.特羅尼克認(rèn)為，孩子沒有從屏幕上學(xué)習(xí)并不意味它沒有價(jià)值，特別是如果父母有時(shí)間洗澡、做家務(wù)或者僅僅是因不用照顧小孩而可以休息一下。Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthembemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.他說，父母可以通過使用他們的設(shè)備和朋友交談或做些工作以獲得很多好處。這會(huì)讓他們感到更快樂，這會(huì)讓他們?cè)谄渌臅r(shí)間里更容易接觸到自己的孩子?！笨芍?，孩子使用屏幕可以讓父母有更多時(shí)間去做別的事情，所以A選項(xiàng)“給父母更多自由時(shí)間”正確。

15.單選題

Hewasverypluckyindealingwiththeintruders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.timid

B.brave

C.shy

D.nervous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)timid“膽小的，羞怯的”，B項(xiàng)brave“勇敢的，無畏的，表現(xiàn)勇敢的”，C項(xiàng)shy“害羞的，畏縮的”，D項(xiàng)nervous“神經(jīng)的，緊張不安的”。句意：他在對(duì)付闖入者時(shí)非常勇敢。根據(jù)句意可知，plucky在句中表示“勇敢”。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

16.單選題

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intermsof

B.bymeansof

C.inregardto

D.inlinewith

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語。intermsof“依據(jù)，按照”；bymeansof“用，依靠”；inregardto“關(guān)于”；inlinewith“符合，與……一致”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處后面的內(nèi)容是做方式狀語，因此從A與B選項(xiàng)中選，根據(jù)兩個(gè)詞組的意思，可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

17.單選題

Inaneffortto（

）religiousdevotion,theofficialsorderedthattheschooldaybeginwiththesingingofahymn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relinquish

B.denigrate

C.inculcate

D.nonplus

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。relinquish“放棄，放手”；denigrate“詆毀”；inculcate“教育，教授；灌輸”；nonplus“迷惑”。句意：為了灌輸宗教思想，官方要求教學(xué)日以唱贊美詩開始。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

ThefirstcoinstoappearintheWesternworldwereissuedbytheLydiansandtheIonianGreeksintheeighthcenturyB.C.Thesecoins,whichweremadeofelectrum,anaturalcombinationofgoldandsilver,wereirregularinweightandqualityandapparentlyofprivateissue.ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesus(560-546B.C)providethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury,wasgenerallyadoptedinthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury.

Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.AnartisticmasterpieceofamuchlaterperiodisthesilvertalermintedinRatisbon,southernGermany,in1754.

Thevalueofacoinisnotprimarilydeterminedbyitsage,asmanypeopleseemtothink.ManyGreekandRomancoinsthatwereissuedinabundancecanbepurchasedforamoderateprice.Ontheotherhand,aGermancoinmadeofshrapnelduringtheFirstWorldWarisveryrareandvaluable.AmongtheespeciallyrareUnitedStatescoinsarethe1804silverdollar,the1822five-dollargoldpiece,andthe1894silverdime.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayNOTberightaboutthecoinsmadeinLydiaduringthereignofCroesus?

2.TheauthorityspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingspecificfeaturesoftheSyracusedekadrachmEXCEPTits（

）.

3.TheauthormakesitclearthattheSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantalermentionedinthepassageare

（

）.

4.LeonardodeVinciismentionedinthepassageinconnectionwith

（

）.

5.Theauthormakesitclearthatcoinsmadebymachineare（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywereissuedbythegovernment

B.Theyweregivenstandardvalues

C.Theywereallofequalpurity

D.Theywereallalikeinshape

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.appearance

B.scarcity

C.value

D.age

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.handmadeWesterncoins

B.worthaboutathousanddollarseachtoday

C.madeoutofdifferentmetals

D.notedfortheircraftsmanship

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefirstgovernmentissueofcoins

B.theartisticaspectofcoinmaking

C.coinsissuedinthesixteenthcentury

D.theproductionofuniformcoins

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.usuallyofgreatervaluethanhandmadecoins

B.moreuniforminsizeandshapethanhandmadecoins

C.availableinlargequantitiesthanhandmadecoins

D.generallysuperiorinworkmanshiptohandmadecoins

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesusprovidethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.（克里薩斯國(guó)王統(tǒng)治時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的具有相關(guān)價(jià)值的純金和銀幣，為國(guó)家當(dāng)局提供了第一個(gè)毫無疑問的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鑄幣證據(jù)）可知A、B、C的選項(xiàng)正確，因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯檬治罩腻N子敲打的）和第二段中的ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.（來自希臘庫扎的銀質(zhì)硬幣鑄造于公元前413年，被認(rèn)為是希臘最好的硬幣之一，價(jià)值超過1000美元）可知提到了這個(gè)銀幣的不足、價(jià)值以及年齡，因此選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段句首提到Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.（然而，人們不應(yīng)該認(rèn)為只有機(jī)器制造的硬幣才是有價(jià)值的），緊接著以theSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantaler舉例，是為了說明手工制作的硬幣具有很大的價(jià)值，因此選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury（事實(shí)上，完全數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)稱的趨勢(shì)直到十六世紀(jì)萊昂納多?達(dá)?芬奇發(fā)明的印壓機(jī)才開始）可知B選項(xiàng)“硬幣制作的工藝”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯檬治罩腻N子敲打的）可知以前手工制作的硬幣在形狀大小存在不足，機(jī)械制造出來的銀幣其形狀大小是統(tǒng)一的，因此選B。

19.單選題

Manypeoplebelievethatthefamilyisthe（

）ofthecommunity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nucleus

B.latitude

C.swamp

D.destiny

【答案】A

【解析】nucleus核心；latitude緯度,界限；swamp沼澤,濕地；destiny命運(yùn),定數(shù)。句意:許多人認(rèn)為家庭是社區(qū)的核心。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.單選題

2.Atfirst,thespeakerwasreferringtotheproblemofpollutioninthecountry,buthalfwayinherspeech,shesuddenly|（

）toanothersubject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.committed

B.switched

C.favored

D.transmitted

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。committo…“致力于…”；switchto…“轉(zhuǎn)換到...”；transmitto...“傳送到……”;favor不與tosth.搭配使用。句意：最開始演講者講述的是有關(guān)該國(guó)家環(huán)境污染的問題，但她演講到一半就突然轉(zhuǎn)到別的話題上去了。根據(jù)but和anothersubject“別的話題”可知，B項(xiàng)符合題意。故答案選B。

21.單選題

Thepovertylineistheminimumincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.

Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.

Foronething,morethanhalfofthepoorpeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowor