考研考博-英語(yǔ)-扎蘭屯職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-扎蘭屯職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Itisapparentthatwinningthescholarshipis（）ofone’sintelligenceinthefieldofphysics.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.parallelism

B.alliteration

C.testimony

D.rhythm

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析。parallelism平行，對(duì)應(yīng)；alliteration頭韻；testimony證詞，證明；rhythm節(jié)奏，韻律。句意:獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金應(yīng)該是一個(gè)人智力的。故C項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

Isitpossibletobebothfatandfit—notjustfitenoughtoexercise,butfitenoughtoliveaslongassomeonealotlighter?Notaccordingtoa2004studyfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthwhichlookedat115,000nursesagedbetween30and55,comparedwithwomenwhowereboththinandactive,obese(overweight)butactivewomenhadamortalityratethatwas91%higher.Thoughfarbetterthantheinactiveobese(142%higher),theywerestillworseoffthantheinactivelean(5%higher).Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000womenwithanaverageageof54.Comparedwithactivewomenofnormalweight,theactivebutoverweightwere54%morelikelytodevelopheartdisease.

That’ssettled,then.Orisit?StevenBlair,aprofessorofexercisescienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,describestheofficialfocusonobesityasan“obsession...andit’snotgroundedinsoliddata”.

Blair’smostfascinatingstudy,intheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationin2007,took2,600peopleaged60andabove,ofvariousdegreesoffatness,andtestedtheirfitnessontheexercisedevice,ratherthanaskingthemtoquantifyitthemselves.Thisisanunusuallyrigorousapproach,heclaims,sincemanyrivalsurveysaskparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness,orignoreitasafactoraltogether.

“Thereisan‘a(chǎn)ssociation’betweenobesityandfitness,”heagrees,“butitisnotperfect.Asyouprogresstowardsoverweight,thepercentageofindividualswhoarefitdoesgodown.Buthere’sashock:amongclassⅡobeseindividuals(withabodymassindexbetween35and39.9),about40%or45%arestillfit.Yousimplycannottellbylookingwhethersomeoneisfitornot.Whenwelookatthesemortalityratesinfatpeoplewhoarefit,weseethattheharmfuleffectoffatjustdisappears:theirdeathrateduringthenextdecadeishalfthatofthenormalweightpeoplewhoareunfit.”

Oneday—probablyaboutahundredyearsfromnow—thisfat-but-fitquestionwillbeansweredwithouttheshadowofadoubt.Inthemeantime,isthereanythingthatalltheexpertsagreeon?Ohyes:howevermuchyourbodyweighs,you’lllivelongerifyoumoveaboutabit.

1.Itcanbelearnedthatthe2008research____.

2.StevenBlairprobablyconsidersthepreviousstudiesas____.

3.ThemajordifferencebetweenBlair’sstudyandthepreviousresearchisthat____.

4.Blair’sstudyprovesthat____.

5.Itcanbeseenfromthedescriptionofthesestudiesthattheauthor____.

6.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.posedachallengetothe2004study

B.confirmedthefindingsofthe2004study

C.solvedtheproblemsleftbehindbythe2004study

D.hadadifferentwayofthinkingfromthe2004study

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.unreliable

B.uncreative

C.unrealistic

D.untraditional

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Blairexcludedtheparticipants’fitnessasafactor

B.Blairguessedtheparticipants’fitnessafterweighingthem

C.Blairrequiredtheparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness

D.Blairevaluatedtheparticipants’fitnessthroughphysicaltests

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theweightproblemshouldbetakenseriously

B.weightandfitnessarestronglyconnected

C.itispossibletobebothfatandfit

D.fatpeoplehaveahigherdeathrate

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.showsnopreferenceforanyresearcher

B.findsnoagreementbetweentheresearchers

C.obviouslyfavorstheBlairstudy

D.obviouslyfavorstheHarvardstudy

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.callonpeopletopayattentiontoweightproblem

B.presentthedifferentfindingsofvariousweightstudies

C.comparethestrengthandweaknessofdifferentstudies

D.offersuggestionsonhowtoremainfitandlivelonger

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“2008年的研究____”，可定位到原文第1段倒數(shù)第2句Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000womenwithanaverageageof54.（2008年，研究人員調(diào)查了平均年齡為54歲的3.9萬(wàn)名女性，得出了類似的結(jié)論。）而前文a2004studyfrom…（2004年的一個(gè)研究……）介紹的就是2004年的研究。因此，“類似的結(jié)論”指的就是與2004年的研究結(jié)論類似。

2）綜合理解：由此可知，2008年的研究與2004年的研究結(jié)果是一致的，B選項(xiàng)“證實(shí)了2004年的研究結(jié)果”表述符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)2004年的研究形成了挑戰(zhàn)”、C選項(xiàng)“解決了2004年研究留下的問(wèn)題”，屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“與2004年的研究有不同的思維方式”，屬于無(wú)中生有，原文并沒(méi)有關(guān)于2004年和2008年兩個(gè)研究的思維方式的表述，無(wú)法對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行比較。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“StevenBlair可能認(rèn)為之前的研究是____”，可定位到原文第2段最后一句StevenBlair,…,describestheofficialfocusonobesityasan“obsession...andit’snotgroundedinsoliddata”.（StevenBlair將官方對(duì)肥胖的關(guān)注描述為一種“癡迷……而且它沒(méi)有可靠的數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)。”）

2）綜合理解：由此可知，Steven認(rèn)為以前的研究依據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)不可靠，A選項(xiàng)“不可靠的”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“缺乏創(chuàng)造性的”、C選項(xiàng)“不切實(shí)際的”、D選項(xiàng)“非傳統(tǒng)的”沒(méi)有依據(jù)，屬于無(wú)中生有，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“Blair的研究和之前的研究的主要區(qū)別是____”，可定位到原文第3段最后一句Thisisanunusuallyrigorousapproach,heclaims,sincemanyrivalsurveysaskparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness,orignoreitasafactoraltogether.（他聲稱，這是一種異常嚴(yán)格的方法，因?yàn)樵S多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的調(diào)查要求參與者評(píng)估自己的健康狀況，或者完全忽略它作為一個(gè)因素。）根據(jù)this往前定位一句可得Blair的研究方式，原文第3段第1句Blair’smostfascinatingstudy,…,took2,600peopleaged60andabove,ofvariousdegreesoffatness,andtestedtheirfitnessontheexercisedevice,ratherthanaskingthemtoquantifyitthemselves.（布萊爾……的一項(xiàng)最引人注目的研究中，對(duì)2600名60歲及以上的不同肥胖程度的人進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，并讓他們?cè)诮∩碓O(shè)備上測(cè)試他們的健康狀況，而不是讓他們自己評(píng)價(jià)。）

2）綜合理解：由定位信息可得，兩者的主要區(qū)別在于，之前的研究是讓被研究者自己評(píng)估自己的健康狀況，而Blair則讓被研究者在健身設(shè)備上進(jìn)行測(cè)試，D選項(xiàng)“Blair通過(guò)體能測(cè)試來(lái)評(píng)估參與者的健康狀況”符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“Blair在給參與者稱重后猜出了他們的健康狀況”，表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于曲解原文；A選項(xiàng)“Blair排除了參與者的健康因素”、C選項(xiàng)“Blair要求參與者評(píng)估自己的健康狀況”表述錯(cuò)誤，這些不是Blair的研究，而是其他競(jìng)爭(zhēng)研究，屬于張冠李戴。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“Blair的研究證明____”,可定位到原文第4段。

A選項(xiàng)“體重問(wèn)題應(yīng)該被認(rèn)真對(duì)待”，Blair的結(jié)論中并未提及這一點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有，排除。

B選項(xiàng)“體重和健康緊密相關(guān)”，可定位到第4段第1、2句“Thereisan‘a(chǎn)ssociation’betweenobesityandfitness,”heagrees,“butitisnotperfect.Asyouprogresstowardsoverweight,thepercentageofindividualswhoarefitdoesgodown.”（“肥胖和健康之間有一種‘聯(lián)系’，”他表示同意這一說(shuō)法，“但這種聯(lián)系并不完美。隨著體重的增加，健康人群的比例會(huì)下降?！庇纱丝芍碾m然提到了體重和健康之間有聯(lián)系，但并未說(shuō)兩者之間緊密相關(guān)，該選項(xiàng)屬于推理過(guò)度，排除。

C選項(xiàng)“既胖又健康是可能的”，可定位到第4段第3句Buthere’sashock:amongclassⅡobeseindividuals(withabodymassindexbetween35and39.9),about40%or45%arestillfit.（但令人震驚的是：Ⅱ階層的肥胖人群（體重指數(shù)在35到39.9之間）中，約有40%或45%的人仍然健康。）由此可知，有的肥胖人群依然健康，該選項(xiàng)表述符合原文。

D選項(xiàng)“肥胖的人死亡率更高”，可定位到第4段最后一句Whenwelookatthesemortalityratesinfatpeoplewhoarefit,weseethattheharmfuleffectoffatjustdisappears:theirdeathrateduringthenextdecadeishalfthatofthenormalweightpeoplewhoareunfit.（當(dāng)我們觀察健康的肥胖者的死亡率時(shí)，我們看到脂肪的有害影響消失了：他們?cè)谖磥?lái)十年的死亡率是正常體重不健康的人的一半。）由此可知，肥胖者未來(lái)十年的死亡率比正常體重者要低，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾，排除。

2）綜合理解：綜上，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：本文詢問(wèn)的是作者對(duì)三個(gè)不同研究的態(tài)度或者偏好。首先，根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句Inthemeantime,isthereanythingthatalltheexpertsagreeon?Ohyes:howevermuchyourbodyweighs,you’lllivelongerifyoumoveaboutabit.（與此同時(shí)，有什么是所有專家都同意的嗎？哦，有：不管你的體重有多重，如果你稍微動(dòng)一動(dòng)，你會(huì)活得更久。）由此可知，研究人員之間一致的觀點(diǎn)是存在的，B選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)研究人員之間沒(méi)有達(dá)成一致結(jié)論”，表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾。其次，根據(jù)第3段第1句Blair’smostfascinatingstudy,…（Blair最有吸引力的研究……），作者用對(duì)Blair研究的描述是mostfascinating，由此可知，作者是非常贊成Blair的研究的；另外，從全文的行文來(lái)看，本文一共5段，作者在第1段就介紹完了2004和2008年的研究，而介紹Blair的研究用了2~4一共3段，從這個(gè)角度也可以看出作者更看重Blair的研究。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)任何研究者都沒(méi)有偏愛(ài)”、D選項(xiàng)“顯然支持哈佛的研究”，表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于曲解原文。

2）概括理解：由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“顯然支持Blair的研究”，表述符合原文。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

6.判斷推理題。

1）句內(nèi)線索：根據(jù)本文最后一段最后兩句Inthemeantime,isthereanythingthatalltheexpertsagreeon?Ohyes:howevermuchyourbodyweighs,you’lllivelongerifyoumoveaboutabit.（與此同時(shí)，有什么是所有專家都同意的嗎？哦，有：不管你的體重有多重，如果你稍微動(dòng)一動(dòng)，你會(huì)活得更久。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“呼吁人們注意體重問(wèn)題”表述錯(cuò)誤，作者認(rèn)為不管體重怎么樣，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)讓人活得更久，作者的重點(diǎn)不是體重，而是健康，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

2）上下文線索：本題詢問(wèn)作者寫篇文章的目的。從全文來(lái)看，本文一共5段，第1段介紹完了2004和2008年關(guān)于“肥胖和健康”的研究，第2~4段介紹Blair關(guān)于“肥胖與健康”的研究，最后一段總結(jié)，展望未來(lái)的研究會(huì)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，并且提出研究人員都同意的觀點(diǎn)。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“介紹不同體重研究的不同發(fā)現(xiàn)”，表述符合原文。

3）排除錯(cuò)項(xiàng)：C選項(xiàng)“比較不同研究的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)”，原文只是介紹了這些研究的方法和結(jié)論，并沒(méi)有比較各研究的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)還是在于介紹，而非比較。該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理，排除；D選項(xiàng)“提供關(guān)于如何保持健康和長(zhǎng)壽的建議”，雖然在最后一句提出要長(zhǎng)壽就要多運(yùn)動(dòng)，但是全文大部分內(nèi)容主要還是介紹關(guān)于肥胖與健康的不同研究，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理，排除。

綜上所述，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

3.單選題

Itwasobviousthatsheandherhusbandwere（）andshewishedshe'dnevermarriedhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insolvable

B.insensible

C.inseparable

D.incompatible

【答案】D

【解析】句意:很明顯她和她丈夫是水火不相容的，她希望自己從來(lái)沒(méi)有嫁給他。

考查形容詞辨析。insolvable不能解決（答）的;insensible昏迷的，無(wú)知覺(jué)的；inseparable不可分離的；incompatible不相容的，矛盾的。根據(jù)后半句“她希望自己從來(lái)沒(méi)有嫁給他”可知D符合句意。

4.單選題

Duringhistwo-monthstayinChina,Tomnever（）achancetopracticehisChinese.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.passedon

B.passedup

C.passedby

D.passedout

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。passon傳遞，繼續(xù)，去世；passup拒絕，錯(cuò)過(guò)；passby走過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)；passout分發(fā)，昏倒。這里指沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)一次練習(xí)中文的機(jī)會(huì)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

BenjaminFranklin,tactlessinhisyouth,becamesodiplomatic,so______athandlingpeoplethathewasmadeAmericanAmbassadortoFrance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adroit

B.shrewd

C.considerate

D.foxy

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adroit“敏捷的，靈巧的；熟練的”；B選項(xiàng)shrewd“精明的；機(jī)靈的”；C選項(xiàng)considerate“體貼的；體諒的；考慮周到的”；D選項(xiàng)foxy“像狐貍的；狡猾的；（女性）狐媚的；赤褐色的；（葡萄酒）有麝香味的；（紙或其他材料）有斑點(diǎn)的，泛黃的”。句意：本杰明?富蘭克林年輕時(shí)很笨拙，但后來(lái)變得善于交際，善于與人打交道，被任命為美國(guó)駐法國(guó)大使。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Ittookusonlyafewhoursto______thepaperoffallfourwalls.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shear

B.stroke

C.scrape

D.chip

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)shear“剪”，shearoff表示“剪斷，切掉”；B項(xiàng)stroke“劃，輕撫”；C項(xiàng)scrape“刮掉，擦傷”，scrapeoff表示“刮掉，擦去”；D項(xiàng)chip“鏟，鑿”，chipoff表示“切下，削去”。根據(jù)后面部分句子thepaperoffallfourwalls“四面墻上的紙”可知，C選項(xiàng)最符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我們只用了幾個(gè)小時(shí)就把四面墻上的紙刮掉了。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thosewhoanticipatepricechangescorrectlycanoftengainfinanciallyfromtheirforesight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forecast

B.vision

C.estimate

D.talent

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.forecast預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)報(bào)B.vision眼力，遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí)

C.estimate（對(duì)數(shù)量、成本等的）估計(jì)，估價(jià)D.talent天資，天賦

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】foresight的意思為“深謀遠(yuǎn)慮，先見(jiàn)之明”，指的是有先見(jiàn)之明的人可以正確預(yù)測(cè)價(jià)格變化，因此就可以獲得可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)事物發(fā)展的洞察力，vision與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】那些正確預(yù)測(cè)價(jià)格變化的人往往能從他們的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)中獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。

8.單選題

ForSaintPaul,consciencebringsnotonlyilluminationbutalsoagony:Itrelentlesslyexposestheinnerbattlethathumanbeingsmustwageagainsttheirownimpulses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insight

B.distress

C.reflection

D.stimulus

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。agony表示“苦惱，極大的痛苦”；A項(xiàng)insight“洞察力，洞悉”，B項(xiàng)distress“危難，不幸，貧困”，C項(xiàng)reflection“反射，沉思”，D項(xiàng)stimulus“刺激，激勵(lì)，刺激物”。句意：對(duì)圣保羅來(lái)說(shuō)，良心帶來(lái)的不僅僅是光明，也帶來(lái)了痛苦：它無(wú)情地揭露了人類必須與自己的沖動(dòng)進(jìn)行的內(nèi)心斗爭(zhēng)。因此，根據(jù)句意可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Itisanoffencetoshow（）againstpeopleofdifferentraces.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinction

B.difference

C.separation

D.discrimination

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distinction“區(qū)別，差別”；B選項(xiàng)difference“差異，不同”；C選項(xiàng)separation“分離，分開”；D選項(xiàng)discrimination“歧視，區(qū)別”句意：歧視其他種族的人是一種冒犯行為。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.填空題

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

It’sabigmomentforBitcoin.(41)SenioreconomistFrancoisR.Veldewroteanelegantcritiqueofthefour-year-oldcurrency,explainingitsmechanics,limitations,andprospectsforsuccess,ultimatelydeemingita“remarkableconceptualandtechnicalachievement,whichmaywellbeusedbyexistingfinancialinstitutions.”(42)

(43)Producingabitcoin“atcurrentlevelsofdifficultyrequiresamachineworthabout$3,000andaboutadollar’sworthofelectricityperday,”meaningthecostofproducingonebitcoin,takingintoaccountthemachine’sdepreciationoverfiveyears,isabout$2.50.Whiletheestimateseemstodiscountthesteadilyrisingcosttohigher-poweredmachinesthatarenecessaryformorecomplexhashingandthepoolsofmachinesnecessaryformining—withBitcoinscurrentlyvaluedat100timesthat,youcanseewhycompaniesoffering‘mining’equipmentaredoingsuchgoodbusiness.

Veldepointsoutthatthereis$1,200billioncirculatinginU.S.currencycomparedto$1billioninBitcoin(whenheauthoredtheDecember2013paper).(44)Butevengiventhat,Bitcoinisa“relativelysmallphenomenon,”asVeldeputsit.“Butithasbeengrowing,”hewrites.“Thevalueofabitcoinhasincreasedtenfoldsinceearly2013.”

Tofurtherputitintothecontextofthelargereconomy,hewritesthat“thereareonaverageabout30bitcointransactionsperminute”vs.200,000Visatransactionsperminute,andthattheaveragebitcointransactionsizeis“about16,i.e.,ontheorderof$2,000”while“theaverageVisatransactionisabout$80.”(45)(Ofcourse,everyonceinawhilesomeonemightdropacoolmilonmininggear.)

“Sofar,theusesofbitcoinasamediumofexchangeappearlimited,particularlyifoneexcludesillegalactivities,”notesVelde.“Ithasbeenusedasameanstotransferfundsoutsideoftraditionalandregulatedchannelsand,presumably,asaspeculativeinvestmentopportunity.”

A.Veldestartsoutbylayingoutthenumbers.

B.Forthosewhohaveponderedwhatbitcoinactuallyis—currencyvs.stockvs.money—Veldehasananswer.

C.IfthiswereEconomicMeanGirls,thisisthepartofthemoviewhereLindsay“Bitcoin”Lohangetsfriendedbythepowerful,popularcrowd.

D.Atthatlevelofspending,it’sfairlyobviousthatmostoftheactivityhappeninginBitcoinisnotactuallybuyingthings(asIdidinMay),butrathertrading.

E.Thankstoarecentpricesurgetoover$250,themarketcapforthenearly12millionBitcoininexistenceisnowwellover$3billion.

F.ThedigitalcurrencyhasgottenanofficialnodfromtheoverseerofU.S.currencyintheformofaprimeroutoftheFederalReserveBankofChicago.

【答案】41.F

42.C

43.A

44.E

45.D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Veldestartsoutbylayingoutthenumbers.A.維爾德首先列出了這些數(shù)字。

B.Forthosewhohaveponderedwhatbitcoinactuallyis—currencyvs.stockvs.money—Veldehasananswer.B.對(duì)于那些一直在思考比特幣到底是貨幣、股票還是金錢的人來(lái)說(shuō)，維爾德有一個(gè)答案。

C.IfthiswereEconomicMeanGirls,thisisthepartofthemoviewhereLindsay“Bitcoin”Lohangetsfriendedbythepowerful,popularcrowd.C.如果這是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的《卑鄙女孩》，那么比特幣就是電影中的林賽?羅韓，受到了大家的歡迎。

D.Atthatlevelofspending,it’sfairlyobviousthatmostoftheactivityhappeninginBitcoinisnotactuallybuyingthings(asIdidinMay),butrathertrading.D.在這樣的消費(fèi)水平上，很明顯，大多數(shù)用比特幣進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)實(shí)際上不是購(gòu)買東西，就像我在5月份做的那樣，而是交易。

E.Thankstoarecentpricesurgetoover$250,themarketcapforthenearly12millionBitcoininexistenceisnowwellover$3billion.E.由于最近比特幣價(jià)格飆升至250美元以上，現(xiàn)有的近1200萬(wàn)比特幣的市值現(xiàn)在遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)30億美元。

F.ThedigitalcurrencyhasgottenanofficialnodfromtheoverseerofU.S.currencyintheformofaprimeroutoftheFederalReserveBankofChicago.F.這種數(shù)字貨幣已經(jīng)以芝加哥聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行入門級(jí)的形式得到了美元監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的正式認(rèn)可。

41.由第一句“這是比特幣的重要時(shí)刻（bigmoment）”，以及第二句中的“最終認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)卓越的概念和技術(shù)成就，很可能被現(xiàn)有的金融機(jī)構(gòu)使用”，可知，比特幣的重要時(shí)刻就是被認(rèn)可，所以F項(xiàng)正確。

42.這一段講的是比特幣被美元監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)可，并且被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)卓越的概念和技術(shù)成就，那么比特幣會(huì)被人們所歡迎和支持，所以C項(xiàng)正確。

43.根據(jù)該段后面兩句，其中提到了一些數(shù)字，如“生產(chǎn)一個(gè)比特幣需要一臺(tái)價(jià)值約3000美元的機(jī)器，每天需要消耗約1美元的電力”，而且中間三段闡述了很多關(guān)于比特幣的一些數(shù)據(jù)，所以該段第一句填入A項(xiàng)正確。

44.由該段最后一句“自2013年初以來(lái)，比特幣的價(jià)值已經(jīng)增長(zhǎng)了10倍”可知，空格處可能是與比特幣的價(jià)值有關(guān)，而第一句提到“目前流通的美元有1.2萬(wàn)億美元，而比特幣只有10億美元”，可推測(cè)第二句要講的是比特幣價(jià)值的上漲，所以E項(xiàng)正確。

45.該段第一句提到“每一分鐘平均約有30比特幣交易（transactions），相當(dāng)于每分鐘20萬(wàn)筆簽證交易，比特幣交易的平均規(guī)模是大約16次，即2000美元左右，而簽證交易平均額約為80美元”，可知，比特幣的消費(fèi)水平比較高，并且成為一種交易，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thepuritanarmyexecutedtheking,abolishedtheHouseofLords,andgottheHouseof

Commonsto（）Englanda"commonwealth",orrepublic.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proclaim

B.reclaim

C.exclaim

D.declaim

【答案】A

【解析】句意:清教徒軍隊(duì)處決了國(guó)王，廢除了上議院，并讓下議院宣布英格蘭為“聯(lián)邦”或共和國(guó)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。proclaim宣布；宣稱；reclaim開拓；改造某人;exclaim呼喊；declaim演講；朗讀。空格處動(dòng)詞后面的句意為“英格蘭為“聯(lián)邦”或共和國(guó)”，因此A符合句意。

12.單選題

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymostselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram...onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey’lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox”saysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardConnerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia’sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybetimeforusto...letthe(Michigan)votersdecideiftheywanttouseraceasafactorinadmissions,”ConnerlysaidMonday.

Meanwhile,USEducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush’sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction,saidtheDepartmentofEducationwill“continueexaminingandhighlightingeffectiverace-neutralapproachestoensurebroadaccesstoanddiversitywithinourpublicinstitutions”.EvenSupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO-Connor,inoneoftheopinions,recommendedthatstateslookforlessonsinrace-neutralprogramsbeingtriedinCaliforniaandelsewhere.Whiletherulingsaidadmissionsofficialsmayconsiderraceintheselectionprocess,collegesanduniversitiesarenotobligatedtodoso.“Ultimatelyinthedebate,diversityisachoice,notalegalmandate,”saysArthurColeman,aformerDepartmentofEducationofficialwhonowhelpscollegesanduniversitiesEnsureconstitutionalpolicies.

Thepublic,too,remainsconflicted,largelyalongraciallines.AccordingtoaJanuarypollbythenon-profitresearchorganizationPublicAgenda,79%ofAmericanssaiditisimportantforcollegestohavearaciallydiversestudentbody,whilejust54%saidaffirmativeactionprogramsshouldcontinue.InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.AndsomeeducatorsdoubtthatwithMonday’sruling,thoseopposingaffirmativeactionwillchangetheirminds.

Fornow,admissionsofficialsanduniversitylawyersareporingovertherulingtodeterminehowor—whethertoadjustpolicies.Whilemosttendtobeclosedmouthedaboutadmissionspolicies,manytheydon’texpectsignificantchanges.

1.Whichofthefollowingintheopinionoftheopponentsofaffirmativeaction?

2.ConneryinsistedthattheCourt'srulingshould（

）.

3.WhatistheattitudeoftheDepartmentofEducationtowardsaffirmativeaction?

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutaffirmativeactionaccordingtothetext?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsisnotover.

B.TheSupremeCourt’srulingshouldbeadaptedtocollegesituations.

C.Itisnecessarytoformulatetherightpoliciesforcollegeadmissions.

D.Race-neutralprogramsshouldnotbesetupincollegeanduniversities.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.winapprovalfromCaliforniavotersbeforeitisputineffect

B.becontestedbytheMichiganvoterswithanopinionpoll

C.beappliedinsomestatesbeforeitisextendedtootherstates

D.producetheintendedpracticalaffectbeforeitiswidelyaccepted

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Neutrality.

B.Objection.

C.Approval.

D.Indifference.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Avastmajorityofpeoplesupportit.

B.Theminoritiesclaimittobeadiscriminatorypolicy.

C.Theminoritystudentsaremorelikelytowelcomeit.

D.TheCourt'sdecisionwillcertainlychangepeople'sattitudetoit.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover（反對(duì)反歧視的人說(shuō)，在大學(xué)招生中使用種族的斗爭(zhēng)幾乎沒(méi)有結(jié)束）可知A選項(xiàng)“在大學(xué)招生中使用種族的斗爭(zhēng)還沒(méi)有結(jié)束”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox（我們必須在投票箱里認(rèn)真地競(jìng)爭(zhēng)這一切）可知Connerly認(rèn)為法院的裁決應(yīng)由民意調(diào)查投票決定，因此選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的USEducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush’sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction（美國(guó)教育部長(zhǎng)RodPaige與布什總統(tǒng)的立場(chǎng)一致，反對(duì)反歧視運(yùn)動(dòng)）可知美國(guó)教育部對(duì)反歧視行動(dòng)持反對(duì)態(tài)度，因此選B。

4.推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.（在判決前幾天進(jìn)行的民意調(diào)查中，49%的成年人表示他們支持反歧視行動(dòng)，43%的人表示反對(duì)，而黑人和西班牙裔比白人贊成的人數(shù)要多得多）可推測(cè)少數(shù)民族更支持這項(xiàng)行動(dòng)，因此選C。

13.單選題

Theuseofsoundiswidespreadas（

）ofanimalcommunicateon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ameans

B.ways

C.atool

D.signals

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ameans方法，手段；ways方法，道路，方向；atool工具；signal信號(hào)，標(biāo)志。句意：聲音被廣泛地用作動(dòng)物交流的手段。由is單數(shù)可直接排除B項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)；聲音應(yīng)該是動(dòng)物交流的一種手段而不是工具。答案A

14.單選題

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotakeatestforalcoholicdrinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.problem

【答案】A

【解析】violation違反，妨礙，侵害；accident意外，事故；congestion擁擠，擁塞。句意：任何因輕微交通違章被警察攔下的司機(jī)都可以被要求做酒精測(cè)試。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

15.單選題

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator’sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.

Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatcomesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard,EvenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasL’melekhHandleshavebeenfoundinabundance——morethan4,000examplessofar.

Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.ApurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposesItwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldiggingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?

1.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

2.TheauthormentionstheexcavationinCyprustoemphasizewhichofthefollowingpoints?

3.Theauthor’sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?

5.TheauthorimpliesthatallofthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.

B.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

C.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

D.Suchartifacts’oftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ancientlampsandpotteryvesselsarelessvaluable,althoughmorerare,thanroyalsealimpressions.

B.Artifactsthatareverysimilartoeachotherpresentcataloguingdifficultiestoarchaeologists.

C.Artifactsthatarenotuniquelyvaluable,andthereforecouldbesold,areavailableinlargequantities.

D.Cyprusisthemostimportantlocationforunearthinglargequantitiesofsalableartifacts.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.

B.Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.

C.Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.

D.Illegalexcavatorswouldbeforcedtosellonlyduplicateartifacts.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.

B.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.

C.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.

D.Counterfeitingofartifactswillbecomemorecommonplace.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Amarketforsuchartifactsalreadyexists

B.Suchartifactsseldomhavescientificvalue

C.Suchartifactsfrequentlyexceedinqualitythosealreadycataloguedinmuseumcollec?tions

D.Museumsarewellsuppliedwithexamplesofsuchartifacts

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到倒數(shù)第二段“Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds:asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.甚至沒(méi)有足夠的錢來(lái)對(duì)這些發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行分類：結(jié)果是，它們?cè)僖舱也坏搅?，變得像從未被發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)一樣難以接近?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“這些藝術(shù)品經(jīng)常沒(méi)有被分類，所以一旦它們被存儲(chǔ)起來(lái)就找不到了”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段中的“InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard,EvenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasL’melekhHandleshavebeenfoundinabundance——morethan4,000examplessofar.在塞浦路斯的一個(gè)小發(fā)掘中，考古學(xué)家最近在一個(gè)院子里發(fā)現(xiàn)了2000個(gè)幾乎無(wú)法分辨的小罐子，甚至還發(fā)現(xiàn)了珍貴的皇家印章印記，被稱為L(zhǎng)'melekh手柄——迄今為止有4000多個(gè)例子?！币约暗谌文┚洹皔oumaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.你可能認(rèn)為您聲稱每個(gè)工件都有潛在的科學(xué)價(jià)值這一觀點(diǎn)是正確的。實(shí)際上，你錯(cuò)了?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)“工藝品不是唯一有價(jià)值的，因此可以出售的工件，可以大量獲得?！狈项}意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到末段最后一句“Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwh