(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)精煉 選擇性必修第一冊　Unit 5 Working the Land (含詳解)

選擇性必修第一冊Unit5WorkingtheLand閱讀·提速練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·福建泉州質(zhì)檢)TheCityofTorontocurrentlydeliversthreepublicartprograms：thePublicArt&MonumentsCollection，thePercentforPublicArtProgramandStreetARToronto(StART)．Theprogramshavehadatransformativeeffectonthecity’svitality，gatheringacollectionofpublicartthatisofinternationalsignificance.PublicArt&MonumentsCollectionTheCitycommissions(委托制作)andacceptsdonationsofhigh-qualitypublicartworksandmonumentsthatarerelevanttotheirprospectivecommunity，andenrichtheurbanexperienceofToronto’sresidentsandvisitors.TheseCity-ownedworksofpublicartandhistoricalmonumentsenhancepublicspacesalloverToronto.PercentforPublicArtProgramThegoverningprincipleforthePercentforPublicArtProgramisthatartisapublicbenefittobeenjoyedandexperiencedbyresidentsandvisitorsthroughthecity.Theprivately-ownedartisintendedtomakebuildingandopensparesmoreattractiveandinterestingandtoimprovethequalityofthepublicspaces.TheProgramrequiresthattheartworkmustbeclearlyvisibleatalltimesfrompubliclyaccessibleareas.StreetARTorontoStreetARToronto(StART)isaseriesofprogramsdesignedspecificallyforstreetsandpublicspaces.Launchedin2012aspartoftheCity’sGraffiti(涂鴉)ManagementPlan，StARThasbeensuccessfulinreducinggraffitivandalismandreplacingitwithcolourful，community-engagedstreetart.StARTprogramsencourageactivetransportation(walkingandcycling)，makeoutstreetsmorebeautifulandsafer，showcaselocalartistsandmore.語篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了多倫多市目前提供的三個公共藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目。1．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprograms?A．Tohostanartcompetition.B．TodisplayToronto’sartcollection.C．Toattractresidentsandvisitors.D．Toimprovethecity’sappearance.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知，這些項(xiàng)目對這座城市的活力產(chǎn)生了變革性的影響，匯集了一批具有國際意義的公共藝術(shù)。由此可推知，這些項(xiàng)目旨在提升該城市的城市面貌。故選D項(xiàng)。2．Whatdoweknowaboutthepublicartworks?A．Theyaredonatedbyartists.B．Theyareownedbythecitygovernment.C．Theyarefreetoexperience.D．Theyarereplacinggraffiti.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章PubicArt&MonumentsCollection部分第一句可知，該市委托并接受與其社區(qū)相關(guān)的高質(zhì)量公共藝術(shù)作品和紀(jì)念碑的捐贈，以豐富多倫多居民和游客的城市體驗(yàn)。由此可推知，作為公共藝術(shù)品，居民和游客應(yīng)是可以免費(fèi)體驗(yàn)的。故選C項(xiàng)。3．WhatdoesStARTfocuson?A．Communityservices.B．Streetsandpublicspaces.C．Privately-ownedbuildings.D．Greentravelmeans.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章StreetARToronto部分第一段首句“StreetARToronto(StART)isaseriesofprogramsdesignedspecificallyforstreetsandpublicspaces.”可知，StreetARToronto(StART)是一系列專為街道和公共空間設(shè)計(jì)的項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)。BItis6：00amonthefirstdayoftheschoolyear.InCherrybrookTechnologyHighSchool，mathematicsteacherEddieWooisalreadyatwork.Oneofthefirstthingsbeforethefirstbellringsistosetuphistripod(三腳架)andiPadinthemiddleoftheclassroom.ThistechnologyisMrWoo’scoretoolofthetrade.“I’mMrWoo.Irecordmylessons.Irecordallofthem.Infact，I’mabouttorecordthisone，”heexplainstohisnewmathsclass.Theuniqueapproachtoteachingmathematicshasnotgoneunnoticed.MrWooisarguablythemostfamousteacherinAustralia—amathsteacherbydayandanInternetsensation(轟動)bynight.Hestartedpostingvideosonlinein2012forastudentwhowassickwithcancerandmissingalotofschool.OtherstudentsintheclassthenwantedtowatchMrWoo’svideosonhisfreeYouTubechannelandwebsite，sohestartedsharingthemacrossthecountryandbeyond.Wootubenowboastsmorethan38,000subscribers(用戶)andhasattractedalmost4millionviewersworldwide.CherrybrookTechnologyHighSchoolprincipalGaryJohnsonsaidMrWoowashelpingaddressastandingshortageofmathsteachersinAustralia，andmakingmathspopularagain.“Hehasanabilitytosimplifymathematicstoalevelwherekidscanreallyunderstandit，”MrJohnsonsaid.12-year-oldstudentEmilyShakespearsaidMrWoo’steachingstylemademathsirresistible.“Idon’twanttosayit，buthesuckedmeintomaths，”shesaid.OwenPotter，whoattendshighschoolinCobar，agreed.“It’sdifficulttounderstandhowsomeoneinSydneycaninfluencethousandsofpeopleacrossthewholecountry，”hesaid.MrWoowonthe2017UniversityofSydneyYoungAlumniAwardforOutstandingAchievement，andhewasoneof12AustralianteachershonoredattheCommonwealthBankTeachingAwards.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了MrWoo在教學(xué)方面的優(yōu)秀表現(xiàn)，他的在線課程受到學(xué)生們的歡迎，他對教學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)已經(jīng)得到廣泛認(rèn)可。4．EddieWoosetupaniPadinthemiddleoftheclassroomwiththepurposeof.A．listeningtomusic B．playingavideoC．recordinghisclass D．showingpictures答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Irecordmylessons.Irecordallofthem.”可知，EddieWoo要錄自己的課。故選C。5．Whatcanweinferfromthestatisticsinthefourthparagraph?A．MrWoo’steachingvideosonlineareverypopular.B．MrWoohadmadealotofmoneybysellingvideos.C．MrWoopostedvideosonlinehelpingmanyadults.D．MrWoocreatedhisWootubein2012inSydney.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，Wootube現(xiàn)在有38000個用戶，吸引了全世界幾乎四百萬人看視頻。由此可推知，Woo的教學(xué)視頻很受歡迎。故選A。6．AccordingtoGaryJohnson，MrWoo’smathslessonsare.A．difficulttofollow B．easytounderstandC．simpletohandle D．challengingtolearn答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“‘Hehasanabilitytosimplifymathematicstoalevelwherekidscanreallyunderstandit，’MrJohnsonsaid.”可知，按照GaryJohnson的說法，Woo的數(shù)學(xué)課很容易理解。故選B。7．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．MrWooisthemostwell-knownmathsteacherinAustralia.B．MrWoograduatedfromtheUniversityofSydneywithhonors.C．MrWoowontheCommonwealthBankTeachingAwards.D．MrWoo’scontributionstoteachinghavebeenrecognized.答案D解析段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，Woo獲得了悉尼大學(xué)授予的青年校友杰出成就獎，并且他是獲得聯(lián)邦銀行教學(xué)獎的12位澳大利亞教師之一。由此可知，本段主要講了Woo對教學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)得到了認(rèn)可。故選D。CForthemanyeagerreaderswhohopetofindsomesolutionstolife’squestionsthroughreading，anewly-publishedChinese-Englishbilingual(雙語的)versionofHowWillYouMeasureYourLife？byClaytonChristensen，aprofessoratHarvardBusinessSchoolintheUnitedStates，mightprovideafewanswers.Ithasbeenreleasedaspartofaseriesofbooks，entitledHarvardBusinessReviewClassics.InHowWillYouMeasureYourLife？，thebook’sauthorraisesthreequestions：HowcanIbesurethatI’llbehappyinmycareer?HowcanIbesurethatmyrelationshipswithmyspouse(配偶)andmyfamilybecomelastingsourceofhappiness?HowcanIbesurethatI’llstayoutofprison?Hethenprovideshisunderstandingandthoughtsintothembyusinglessonsfromsomeoftheworld’sgreatestbusinesses.Christensen’sideashaveinspiredalargenumberofpeoplearoundtheglobe.RoanKang，generalmanagerofmarketingandoperationsofMicrosoft’sGreaterChinaRegion，isoneofthem.HewasluckytohavemettheauthorhimselfwhenChristensendeliveredspeechtoKang’scompanyafewyearsago.“IagreewithChristensen’spointthattoomanypeopleusematerialwealthorsocialstatusaswaystomeasuresuccess，whileinreality，itisdoingpurposefulworkthathelpsothersandimprovessocietythatistrulymeaningful，”Kangsays，addingthathehopesthebookwillinspiremoreyoungpeople.Kang,45，alsosupportsChristensen’sideathat“yourtimeisthemostpreciousofresources”，whichhesays，issomethinghelearnedfirsthandwhileworkingwithBillGates.“Afteryou’vefiguredoutwhatyourtoppriorities(優(yōu)先級)areinlifeandinyourwork，youhavetobestrictwithyourselfandmakesureyouconstantlyputyourtimeintothosepriorities.”語篇解讀本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了由克萊頓·克里斯坦森所著的《你將怎樣衡量你的人生》一書，以及忠實(shí)讀者羅恩·康的一些讀后感言。8．WhatdoweknowaboutClaytonChristensenfromthetext?A．Heistrappedinanunhappymarriage.B．HehasworkedinMicrosoftforalongtime.C．Heisgoodatlinkinguptheorywithpractice.D．HeisafamousbusinessmannamedbyForbes.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，克萊頓·克里斯坦森結(jié)合講述案例來表達(dá)自己對于世界的想法，并因此著書演講獲得成功，由此可知，他是一位善于理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際的作者。故選C。9．WhatcanwefindinHowWillYouMeasureYourLife?A．HowtomarryMrorMrsRight.B．Practicalwaystoearngoodmoneyinbusiness.C．Howtocommunicatewithlawyersandjudges.D．Gettingonwellwithfamilydoesbenefitone’slife.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過題目可定位到第二段，根據(jù)該段最后兩句可以得知，作者是秉持家和萬事興這一信念的。故選D。10．WhatcanweconcludefromRoanKang’swordsaccordingtothetext?A．Materialwealthisnolongerthewaytomeasuresuccess.B．Makingthebestoftimeisapromisetoefficiency.C．Familyaffairsinourlifeshouldbethefirsttodealwith.D．Doingpurposefulworkcaninspiremoreyoungpeople.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后兩段可知，能充分利用時(shí)間，安排好做事情的優(yōu)先級，將對人生助力無限。故選B。11．Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A．Tomakeclearthatlifeiscolorful.B．ToshowhowsuccessfulChristensenis.C．Tointroduceaninspiringbook.D．Tosharethekeytosuccess.答案C解析寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，《你將怎樣衡量你的人生？》這本書主要從如何從職業(yè)中尋找快樂、和親人相處等方面闡述了自己的感想，并激發(fā)了讀者要善于利用時(shí)間，平衡工作和生活。因此作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一本令人受啟發(fā)的書。故選C。DIfyou’reinajobperformingdulltasks，youmightthinkthatarobotcoulddotheworkinstead.Butperhapsweunderestimate(低估)howmuchtechnologyalreadyhelpswiththeactivitiesthatwewouldotherwisehavetodo.Andasartificialintelligenceprogresses，wemayfinditreplacesusintheworkplacealtogether.Fornow，robotictechnologyisprovidingahelpinghandforbusinesses，particularlyinmanufacturing(制造業(yè))，assistinghumansinperformingworkmoreefficientlyandsometimesmoreaccurately.Foronlineshopping，forexample，robotshavebecomevitalingiantwarehouses.Theysortandmovemillionsofobjectsofalldifferentshapesandsizes，althoughhumansarestillneededtopickanddistributethegoods.Theadvancementofroboticsintheworkplaceisgoodforsomebusinesses;theoneswhoresearch，develop，buildandusethem.TheBritishgovernmentestimatesthatby2035，artificialintelligencecouldaddaround￡630bntotheUKeconomy.Buttherearestilltasksthatrobotscan’tyetdo，andthat’sthechallengeforcompaniessuchasAutomata.Itsco-founder，SuryanshChandra，toldtheBBCthathistechnologywilldoitsbesttoeliminateboring，repetitivejobsthathumansdon’tlikeandaren’tverygoodat，andalsocreatenewonesthatarelikelytoreplacethem.Itseemscertainthatrobotswilleventuallybeabletodomoreandmoreofthejobsthatarecurrentlyperformedbyhumans，soshouldwebeworriedbytheriseofthemachines?Someexpertsfearhundredsofthousandsofjobscoulddisappearasrobotsreplacehumanworkers.Arecentreportsuggeststhat14percentofjobsare“athighriskofautomation”and32percentofjobscouldbe“basicallytransformed”，withthemanufacturingsectoratthehighestrisk.Butascompleteautomationissomewayoff，fornowwe’llhavetoworkside-by-sidewithourrobotcolleagues—andmanagetogohandinhandwiththembeforetheylearntokickusoutofthedoor!語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。隨著人工智能的發(fā)展，我們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)器人會逐漸取代我們的工作。文章介紹了機(jī)器人技術(shù)是如何在各行各業(yè)幫助人類的，機(jī)器人技術(shù)的進(jìn)步對企業(yè)產(chǎn)生的好處以及機(jī)器人的發(fā)展給人帶來的關(guān)于未來工作趨勢的擔(dān)憂。12．Thesecondparagraphismainlywrittento.A．showhowrobotscanhelphumansB．nameindustriessuitableforrobotsC．explainwhyrobotscanreplacehumansD．explorepotentialprofitsthatrobotscanmake答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，目前，機(jī)器人技術(shù)正在為企業(yè)提供幫助，特別是在制造業(yè)，幫助人類更高效、有時(shí)更準(zhǔn)確地執(zhí)行工作。例如，對于在線購物來說，機(jī)器人在大型倉庫中已經(jīng)變得至關(guān)重要。盡管仍然需要人類來挑選和分發(fā)這些物品，但它們對數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的不同形狀和大小的物品進(jìn)行分類和移動。由此可推知，第二段主要是為了表達(dá)機(jī)器人是怎樣幫助人類的，故選A。13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inPara.3referto?A．Remove. B．Secure.C．Rediscover. D．Create.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“boring，repetitivejobsthathumansdon’tlikeandaren’tverygoodat，andalsocreatenewonesthatarelikelytoreplacethem”可知，SuryanshChandra告訴BBC，他的技術(shù)將盡其所能消除人類不喜歡、也不擅長的無聊的、重復(fù)性的工作，并創(chuàng)造出可能取代這些工作的新工作。由此可知，畫線詞意思為“消除，去除”。故選A。14．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Possiblerisksformanufacturingsector.B．Remarksonthefutureoftherisingindustry.C．Predictionsaboutthetendencyoftechnology.D．Worriesaboutthefuturejobtrendduetomachines.答案D解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，似乎可以肯定的是，機(jī)器人最終將能夠做越來越多的目前由人類完成的工作，那么我們應(yīng)該為機(jī)器的崛起而擔(dān)憂嗎？一些專家擔(dān)心，隨著機(jī)器人取代人類工人，成千上萬份工作可能會消失。最近的一份報(bào)告顯示，14%的工作“面臨自動化的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，32%的工作可能“基本轉(zhuǎn)型”，其中制造業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最高。由此可知，第四段主要講述了機(jī)器人的發(fā)展給人帶來的關(guān)于未來工作趨勢的擔(dān)憂。故選D。15．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodointhelastparagraph?A．Watchoutforrobots.B．Getalongwithrobots.C．Mindourownbusiness.D．Learntokickrobotsout.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，但是完全的自動化還有一段路要走，現(xiàn)在我們必須和我們的機(jī)器人同事并肩工作，并且在它們學(xué)會把我們趕出家門之前設(shè)法和它們攜手合作！由此可推知，作者在最后一段建議我們與機(jī)器人和睦相處。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五Notlongago，nooneunderstoodthatinfectiousdiseaseswerecausedbytinyorganismsthatmovedfrompersontoperson.Evennow，althoughweknowthattinylivingmicrobescausedisease，howtheydosoisnotalwaysobvious.1.Theycanalsobetransmittedthroughourskinthroughinsectoranimalbites.Thebestwaytopreventinfectionsistoblockpathogens(病菌)fromenteringthebody.Thefirstlineofdefenseistokeepgermsatbaybyfollowinggoodpersonalhealthhabits.Washyourhandswell.Youprobablywashyourhandsafterusingthebathroom，beforepreparingoreatingfood，andaftergardeningorotherdirtytasks.2.Wetyourhandsthoroughly.Lather(產(chǎn)生泡沫)upwithsoaporcleanser，andrubitintothepalmsandbacksofyourhandsandyourwrists.Besuretocleanyourfingertips，underyournailsandbetweenyourfingers.Washunderrunningwater.3.Whetheryouareyoungoryoungatheart，gettingvaccinated(接種疫苗)isanessentialpartofstayinghealthy.4，suchasatemporarilysorearmorlowfever，theyaregenerallysafeandeffective.Vaccinationsareessentialifyouaretoavoidgettingsick.Ingeneral，childrenshouldreceivetherecommendedchildhoodvaccinations.Adultsshouldmakesuretheirvaccinationsareuptodate.Whentravelingabroad