初中英語語法專項-介詞課件

介詞介詞1Lookatthispicture,whatcanyousee?Therearesomeapplesonthetree.Thereisabirdinthetree.Therearesomestrawberriesandflowersunderthetree.Lookatthispicture,Thereare2一、定義介詞是一種用來表示:詞與詞,詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞，在句中不能單獨作句子成分。二、分類

時間介詞

地點介詞

方式介詞

其他介詞（方法、原因、目的）介詞的講解介詞一、定義介詞的講解介詞31時間介詞in年、月、季節(jié)及時間段（早、午、晚）on具體某一天，星期、節(jié)日at鐘點、節(jié)日、（一段時間）的起點①inthemorning/afternoon/evening②

onMonday

inJanuary/February

onJanuaryfifth

inSpring

on

ChristmasDay

in2014

onNewYear'sDay

in2days/weeks/yearsonSundaymorning③atdawn/daybreak

atsix

atmidnight

at4:30

atsixteen/attheageofsixteen

at

Christmas1時間介詞in年、月、季節(jié)及時間段（早、午、晚）on具體某一4Let'stry! 1.

My

grandfather

was

born____Oct.

10,

1935.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

at

D.

of

2.

The

train

is

starting___five

minutes.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

for

D.still

3.

Mike

does

his

exercises

____

seven

_____

the

evening.

A.

on;

to

B.

at;

in

C.

by;

of

D.

at;

on

4.

Children

get

gifts

____

Christmas

and

____

their

birthdays.

A.

on;

on

B.

at;

on

C.

in;

in

D.

in;

on

5.There

is

nothing

____tomorrow

afternoon,

is

there?

-----No.

We

can

have

a

game

of

table

tennis.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

out

D.

upLet'stry!5for一段時間over在某個時間一直...(連續(xù)的狀態(tài),行為等)某個時間點上發(fā)生或做了某事(間斷的或一次性的狀態(tài)或行為)during①for2days ②overafive-yearperiod

foralongtime overmanyyears

foracoupleofweeksovernightThey'vebeenmarriedfor10years.③duringtheMiddleAges during1942在1942年中

duringthesummer（ofthatyear）

duringhischildhoodfor一段時間over在某個時間一直...(連續(xù)的狀態(tài),6Let'stry1.Hefellasleep______thelesson.

他在上課時睡著了。

2.Thefishwillnotkeep______night.

這條魚放不到明天(就會變質(zhì))3.He_____alotofgreatmoviesovertheseyears.A.hasmadeB.madeC.wasmakingD.wasmade4.I’dliketocallonmyuncle_____mystayinBeijingthissummer.Inotherwords,Icanseemyuncleagain_____thesummer.A.during;duringB.in;inC.during;inD.in;during5.Therewasaterriblestorm_____thenight;itrained_____fourorfivehours.A.during;during

B.during;forC.for;forD.for;duringoverduringLet'stry1.Hefellasleep_7before在……（時間）之前，但不包括當日after在……（時間）以后from用于一般過去、一般現(xiàn)在或一般將來時since主要用于完成時或完成進行時★“自從”

①Iwenttothecinemabefroe7

p.m.yesterday.

②Maryoftenplayvolleyballwithherfriendsafterschool.①WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

②Itis10yearssincetheygotmarried.before在……（時間）之前，但不包括當日after在…8“by+時間點”表示“到…..以前為止”，如果by后加“將來的時間點”，應(yīng)用一般將來時；如果by后跟過去的時間點，應(yīng)用過去完成時

①用于否定句中，意為“直到……才”，在其前的謂語動詞多用瞬間動詞；②用在肯定句中意為“直到……為止”，其前的謂語動詞需用延續(xù)性動詞①Bytheendofnextmonth,Iwillfinishreadingthisbook

Bytheendofthisweek,Ihavewrittentwobooks②Ididn’tgotobeduntil10o’clock.Iwaitedformymotheruntil10o’clock.till/untilby“by+時間點”表示“到…..以前為止”，如果by后加“92地點介詞①at一般指小地方；

athome

atschoolatthestation

Thatmanisstandingatthebusstop.②in一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)；

inthefactoryintheroom

inthecenterof/inthemiddleof...

③on往往表示“在某個物體的表面”。

onthebusonthetrain

onthesubway/underground

Thereisabookandalamponthedesk.2地點介詞①at一般指小地方；10★表示地理位置的幾種介詞用法 in：某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的地方（在該范圍之內(nèi)） to：某一地區(qū)之外的地方（在該范圍之外） on：與某一地區(qū)接壤的地方FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.XinjiangisinthenorthwestofChina.JiangsuisintheeastofChinaWhataboutTaiwan?TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.★表示地理位置的幾種介詞用法Fujianisinthe11 in：某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的地方（在該范圍之內(nèi)） to：某一地區(qū)之外的地方（在該范圍之外） on：與某一地區(qū)接壤的地方TipJapanistotheeastofChina.SouthKoreaistothenortheastofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.NorthKoreaisonnortheastofChina.LearnandtryWhataboutSinapore?注：be+in/on/to可用lie+in/on/to代替 in：某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的地方（在該范圍之內(nèi)）TipJapa12

1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.

A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in

2.Mongolia(蒙古)is___thenorthofChina.

A.inB.onC.to

3.TheUnitedStatesis____thesouthofCanadaand___theeastofJapan.A.to;in

B.on;to

C.in;beside

D.at;on

4.Japanlies____theeastofChina.A.on

B.to

C.in

D.withExercise1.Chinalies___theeastofA13★常見的方位介詞 over指“正上方”,還有“覆蓋”的含義（反義詞under，“正下方”) above指“在上方”但不一定在正上方(反義詞below,“在下方”

)①BisoverA. ②DisaboveC.Spreadaclothoverthetable.Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.ABoverCDabove★常見的方位介詞 over指“正上方”,還有“覆蓋”的含義14★常見的方位介詞acrossthrough

across是指從表面穿過

through則是指從物體內(nèi)部穿過①Weshouldgoacrosstheroadcarefully.②Threemenwentthroughtheforestyesterday.穿過★常見的方位介詞acrossthrough across是151.Thereisabridge______theriver.2.Thereisapen______thebook.3.Ittooktheman2monthstowalk______thedesert.4.Thethirdflooris______thesixthfloor.5.Thesixthflooris______thethirdfloof.riverbridge讓我們思考一下throughoverbelowaboveunder1.Thereisabridge______th16between...and

infrontofnextto/besidebehindopposite★常見的方位介詞inthefrontofABbetween...andinfrontofnext171.Milliesits____________me.2.Amysits_________Millie______Simon.3.Kittysits_____________Sandy.4.Kittysits___________Simon.5.Thewindowis__________thedoor.6.Thechalkis______theteacher’sdesk.infrontofbetweenandnextto/besidebehindoppositeonDanielsays

1.Milliesits____________me183其他介詞①in

用材料、語言、方式②

with

用工具、某物③

by

用方式、方法、手段①inthisway ②withchopsticks

inChinese withoureyesbemadeinmetal withthemoney③

By+交通方式：bycar/bus/plane/trian

bysendinge-mails交通工具前有冠詞、物主代詞等修飾，介詞用“on/in”

inmycaronmybikeonthebus

onaship1.表示方式、方法的介詞3其他介詞①in用材料、語言、方式①192.表示原因、目的的介詞①

becauseof表示因為或以......為理由②

for

表示動作或活動的目的、目標或意圖③

outof

表示起源、來源或原因①Ican'tflyakitebecauseoftheheavyrain.

Hecan'tcomeherebecauseofthebadweather.②Thereareallkindsofthingsforsaleinthisshoppingcentre.

Lilywentoutforawalkjustnow.③Thehelpyououtofpity.Thetrafficaccidentwasoutofcarelessnessindiving．2.表示原因、目的的介詞20

1.Hisfatherisveryangry_________him

hisstudy.

A.at，with B.with，at C.to，about D.about，to

2.Paperismade_________wood.

A.from B.of C.by D.in

3.Thebasketisfull_________apples.

A.with B.of C.in D.by

4.Katecan'tcome.Let'saskweiHuainstead______her.

A.of B.for C.to D.with

5.Theheavyrainstoppedme___gettingtoschoolontime.

A.to B.from C.on D.for1.Hisfatherisveryangry__216.Whentheredlightison，it'sdangeroustogo_____thestreet. A.across B.through C.cross D.to7.Takearest______youfinishthework. A.before B.after C.until D.while8.Youcan'tpasstheexam,______youstudyhard. A.if B.of C.unless D.and9.______ourteamtriedbest,____wefailed. A.Though,but B.Because,so C.If,and D.Though,/6.Whentheredlightison，it'22謝謝觀賞謝謝觀賞23介詞介詞24Lookatthispicture,whatcanyousee?Therearesomeapplesonthetree.Thereisabirdinthetree.Therearesomestrawberriesandflowersunderthetree.Lookatthispicture,Thereare25一、定義介詞是一種用來表示:詞與詞,詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞，在句中不能單獨作句子成分。二、分類

時間介詞

地點介詞

方式介詞

其他介詞（方法、原因、目的）介詞的講解介詞一、定義介詞的講解介詞261時間介詞in年、月、季節(jié)及時間段（早、午、晚）on具體某一天，星期、節(jié)日at鐘點、節(jié)日、（一段時間）的起點①inthemorning/afternoon/evening②

onMonday

inJanuary/February

onJanuaryfifth

inSpring

on

ChristmasDay

in2014

onNewYear'sDay

in2days/weeks/yearsonSundaymorning③atdawn/daybreak

atsix

atmidnight

at4:30

atsixteen/attheageofsixteen

at

Christmas1時間介詞in年、月、季節(jié)及時間段（早、午、晚）on具體某一27Let'stry! 1.

My

grandfather

was

born____Oct.

10,

1935.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

at

D.

of

2.

The

train

is

starting___five

minutes.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

for

D.still

3.

Mike

does

his

exercises

____

seven

_____

the

evening.

A.

on;

to

B.

at;

in

C.

by;

of

D.

at;

on

4.

Children

get

gifts

____

Christmas

and

____

their

birthdays.

A.

on;

on

B.

at;

on

C.

in;

in

D.

in;

on

5.There

is

nothing

____tomorrow

afternoon,

is

there?

-----No.

We

can

have

a

game

of

table

tennis.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

out

D.

upLet'stry!28for一段時間over在某個時間一直...(連續(xù)的狀態(tài),行為等)某個時間點上發(fā)生或做了某事(間斷的或一次性的狀態(tài)或行為)during①for2days ②overafive-yearperiod

foralongtime overmanyyears

foracoupleofweeksovernightThey'vebeenmarriedfor10years.③duringtheMiddleAges during1942在1942年中

duringthesummer（ofthatyear）

duringhischildhoodfor一段時間over在某個時間一直...(連續(xù)的狀態(tài),29Let'stry1.Hefellasleep______thelesson.

他在上課時睡著了。

2.Thefishwillnotkeep______night.

這條魚放不到明天(就會變質(zhì))3.He_____alotofgreatmoviesovertheseyears.A.hasmadeB.madeC.wasmakingD.wasmade4.I’dliketocallonmyuncle_____mystayinBeijingthissummer.Inotherwords,Icanseemyuncleagain_____thesummer.A.during;duringB.in;inC.during;inD.in;during5.Therewasaterriblestorm_____thenight;itrained_____fourorfivehours.A.during;during

B.during;forC.for;forD.for;duringoverduringLet'stry1.Hefellasleep_30before在……（時間）之前，但不包括當日after在……（時間）以后from用于一般過去、一般現(xiàn)在或一般將來時since主要用于完成時或完成進行時★“自從”

①Iwenttothecinemabefroe7

p.m.yesterday.

②Maryoftenplayvolleyballwithherfriendsafterschool.①WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

②Itis10yearssincetheygotmarried.before在……（時間）之前，但不包括當日after在…31“by+時間點”表示“到…..以前為止”，如果by后加“將來的時間點”，應(yīng)用一般將來時；如果by后跟過去的時間點，應(yīng)用過去完成時

①用于否定句中，意為“直到……才”，在其前的謂語動詞多用瞬間動詞；②用在肯定句中意為“直到……為止”，其前的謂語動詞需用延續(xù)性動詞①Bytheendofnextmonth,Iwillfinishreadingthisbook

Bytheendofthisweek,Ihavewrittentwobooks②Ididn’tgotobeduntil10o’clock.Iwaitedformymotheruntil10o’clock.till/untilby“by+時間點”表示“到…..以前為止”，如果by后加“322地點介詞①at一般指小地方；

athome

atschoolatthestation

Thatmanisstandingatthebusstop.②in一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)；

inthefactoryintheroom

inthecenterof/inthemiddleof...

③on往往表示“在某個物體的表面”。

onthebusonthetrain

onthesubway/underground

Thereisabookandalamponthedesk.2地點介詞①at一般指小地方；33★表示地理位置的幾種介詞用法 in：某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的地方（在該范圍之內(nèi)） to：某一地區(qū)之外的地方（在該范圍之外） on：與某一地區(qū)接壤的地方FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.XinjiangisinthenorthwestofChina.JiangsuisintheeastofChinaWhataboutTaiwan?TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.★表示地理位置的幾種介詞用法Fujianisinthe34 in：某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的地方（在該范圍之內(nèi)） to：某一地區(qū)之外的地方（在該范圍之外） on：與某一地區(qū)接壤的地方TipJapanistotheeastofChina.SouthKoreaistothenortheastofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.NorthKoreaisonnortheastofChina.LearnandtryWhataboutSinapore?注：be+in/on/to可用lie+in/on/to代替 in：某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的地方（在該范圍之內(nèi)）TipJapa35

1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.

A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in

2.Mongolia(蒙古)is___thenorthofChina.

A.inB.onC.to

3.TheUnitedStatesis____thesouthofCanadaand___theeastofJapan.A.to;in

B.on;to

C.in;beside

D.at;on

4.Japanlies____theeastofChina.A.on

B.to

C.in

D.withExercise1.Chinalies___theeastofA36★常見的方位介詞 over指“正上方”,還有“覆蓋”的含義（反義詞under，“正下方”) above指“在上方”但不一定在正上方(反義詞below,“在下方”

)①BisoverA. ②DisaboveC.Spreadaclothoverthetable.Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.ABoverCDabove★常見的方位介詞 over指“正上方”,還有“覆蓋”的含義37★常見的方位介詞acrossthrough

across是指從表面穿過

through則是指從物體內(nèi)部穿過①Weshouldgoacrosstheroadcarefully.②Threemenwentthroughtheforestyesterday.穿過★常見的方位介詞acrossthrough across是381.Thereisabridge______theriver.2.Thereisapen______thebook.3.Ittooktheman2monthstowalk______thedesert.4.Thethirdflooris______thesixthfloor.5.Thesixthflooris______thethirdfloof.riverbridge讓我們思考一下throughoverbelowaboveunder1.Thereisabridge______th39between...and

infrontofnextto/besidebehindopposite★常見的方位介詞inthefrontofABbetween...andinfrontofnext401.Milliesits____________me.2.Amysits_________Millie______Simon.3.Kittysits_____________Sandy.4.Kittysits___________Simon.5.Thewindowis__________thedoor.6.Thechalkis______theteacher’sdesk.infrontofbetweenandnextto/besidebehindoppositeonDanielsays

1.Milliesits____________me413其他介詞①in

用材料、語言、方式②

with

用工具、某物③

by

用方式、方法、手段①inthisway ②withchopsticks

inChinese