考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Asoneoftheoldestcivilizationsoftheworld,Chinahasalonghistoryandbrilliantculture.AfterenteringtheeraofcivilizationintheXiaDynasty,Chinacreatedgloriousscienceandculture.Thecompass,gunpowder,paper-makingandprintingareconsideredtobethefourgreatinventionsofancientChina,whichhavecontributedimmenselytothecivilizationoftheworldandtheprogressofmankind.TheSilkRoadofChina,theoldesttraderouteintheworld,largelypromotedtheculturalexchangebetweentheEastandtheWest.

【答案】中國(guó)是世界上最古老的文明之一，有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。中國(guó)在夏朝時(shí)開(kāi)始進(jìn)入文明時(shí)代之后，創(chuàng)造了輝煌的科技和文化。指南針、火藥、造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)是中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明，對(duì)世界文明和人類的進(jìn)步做出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)的絲綢之路—世界上最古老的貿(mào)易通道—極大地促進(jìn)了東西方文化的交流。

2.單選題

Masonregrettedhavingspentsomuchtimeplayingwhenhe________forthefinal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldhavestudied

B.hadstudied

C.wastostudy

D.muststudy

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句子意思：梅森后悔在（）期末作業(yè)的時(shí)候花了這么多時(shí)間玩耍。A選項(xiàng)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)表示的是“本……而沒(méi)有做”，比如wouldhavedone表示“將要做……而沒(méi)有做成”，shouldhavedone“本應(yīng)該做但是沒(méi)有做”，根據(jù)題干的語(yǔ)境來(lái)說(shuō)正確答案選A；B是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)事情在過(guò)去已完成，如果在玩之前梅森已經(jīng)復(fù)習(xí)了就不會(huì)后悔了，所以B不選；C選項(xiàng)是將來(lái)時(shí)的過(guò)去式，表示在過(guò)去的時(shí)間打算要做某事，帶入句子中，梅森在打算復(fù)習(xí)期末考試的時(shí)候后悔花了很多時(shí)間玩耍，邏輯不通；D選項(xiàng)梅森在必須復(fù)習(xí)期末考試的時(shí)候后悔花了很多時(shí)間玩耍，雖然句意是對(duì)的，但是我們主句的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí)但是D選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

3.填空題

Itispreciselythiskindofconversationwhichisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Bwhich改為that

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

【解題思路】Itis…that…為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，此題強(qiáng)調(diào)這種對(duì)話的重要性，引導(dǎo)詞用that。

【句意】當(dāng)我們想方設(shè)法提高閱讀能力，以匹配更高的學(xué)習(xí)水平和隨之而來(lái)的新要求時(shí)，這種對(duì)話尤為重要。

4.單選題

“TheLastSupper”iswidelyregardedasLeonardodaVinci’s（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mouthpiece

B.mastermind

C.masterpiece

D.mastery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。mouthpiece“代言人”；mastermind“優(yōu)秀策劃者，幕后操縱者”；masterpiece“杰作”；mastery“精通，掌握”。根據(jù)句意：《最后的晚餐》被廣泛認(rèn)為是達(dá)?芬奇的杰作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.單選題

Indeed,withcomputersasbasicasaMacintosh,producerscanwritescripts,budgetproductionsand（

）schedulesandlocationsallonthesamemachine.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keepupwith

B.keeptrackof

C.keepabreastwith

D.keepawayfrom

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。Keepupwith趕得上；和······保持聯(lián)系；keeptrackof記錄；與······保持聯(lián)系；keepabreastwith保持與······并列；不落后于；跟上；keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；回避。句意：確實(shí)，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)如同麥金塔電腦（蘋(píng)果公司的一種個(gè)人電腦）一樣簡(jiǎn)單，生產(chǎn)者可以在同一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)上編寫(xiě)腳本、安排生產(chǎn)、記錄進(jìn)度表和生產(chǎn)地點(diǎn)。由writescripts,budgetproductions與schedulesandlocations可知B符合。

6.單選題

Theorganizationissuedacryofalarmlastweek,citing"()evidence"thatthosechildrenarenotreceivingthesamequalityofeducationastheirricherpeers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparing

B.completing

C.compelling

D.composing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。comparing“比較的”；completing“完成”；compelling“引人注目的；令人信服的”；composing“起鎮(zhèn)靜作用的”。句意：該組織上周發(fā)出警告，稱有“有力的證據(jù)”表明，這些孩子接受的教育質(zhì)量不如他們富裕的同齡人。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Contemporarypublicexpendituremanagement(PEM)isinterestedintheprocessofbudgetingprimarilybecauseproceduralrulesstronglyinfluenceexpenditureoutcomes.PEMtakesthepositionthattheserulesaffectthreeimportantoutcomes:thetotalamountspent,thecompositionofexpenditure,andtheefficiencyofgovernmentoperations.PEMseeksproceduresthatincreasetheprobabilityofachievingpreferredoutcomes.Thekeyaspectsofbudgetingaffectingexpenditureoutcomesareinstitutionalarrangements,thetypesofinformationavailableformakingandenforcingexpendituredecisions,theincentivesprovidedforspendersandcontrollerstobehaveinwaysthatpromotedesiredoutcomes,theissuanceandimplementationofsubstantivebudgerules.TheseelementsofPEMareappliedtothethreebasicobjectivesofmodempublicexpendituremanagement:tostrengthenaggregatefiscaldiscipline,toallocatepublicresourcesinaccordwithstrategicpriorities,andtopromotetheefficientprovisionofservices.

Fiscaldisciplinerequireseffectivecontrolofbudgetaggregates:totalrevenueandspendingandthebalancebetweenthesetotals.Whenaggregatecontroliseffective,theseoutcomesaredisciplined;theyresultfromexplicit,enforceddecisionsontheaggregatesbygovernment.Theyarenotmerelythesumofpowerfuldemandsonthebudget.PEMalsoseeksallocativeefficiency.Allocativeefficiencydependsonthecapacitytoshiftresourcesfromoldprogramstonewonesandfromlesstomoreproductiveuses,incorrespondencewithchangingpublicpolicyobjectives.Finally,PEMseeksefficiencyinadministrativeoperations,theprogressivereduction,throughproductivitygains,intherunningcostofgovernmentagenciesandintheunitcostofservices.

【答案】由于程序規(guī)則會(huì)對(duì)支出結(jié)果產(chǎn)生重大影響，當(dāng)代公共支出管理(PEM)研究重點(diǎn)就是編制預(yù)算。公共支出管理(PEM)認(rèn)為這些規(guī)則會(huì)影響三個(gè)重要結(jié)果：支出總金額，支出構(gòu)成和政府運(yùn)作效率。公共支出管理(PEM)尋求方法，以提升達(dá)到預(yù)期結(jié)果的概率。在編制預(yù)算中，影響支出結(jié)果的關(guān)鍵因素包括：制度安排、制定與實(shí)施支出決策的信息種類、保證支出者與管理者努力實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)的激勵(lì)手段、公布與實(shí)行大量的預(yù)算規(guī)則。這些規(guī)則旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)三個(gè)基本目標(biāo)：加強(qiáng)總的財(cái)政紀(jì)律、依據(jù)戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)分配公共資源、促進(jìn)提供有效服務(wù)。

財(cái)政紀(jì)律要求有效控制預(yù)算總量，總收入與總支出以及這兩者總數(shù)之間的平衡。當(dāng)總量控制是有效的，就說(shuō)明支出受到財(cái)政紀(jì)律的控制。政府給予明確且需執(zhí)行的總量。這一總量并不僅僅是對(duì)預(yù)算有個(gè)明確的總量限制，公共支出管理(PEM)也還要尋求配置效率。配置效率的高低取決于資源從舊項(xiàng)目轉(zhuǎn)移到新項(xiàng)目、從低產(chǎn)向高產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移的能力大小，同時(shí)還要與不斷變化中的國(guó)家公共政策目標(biāo)保持一致。最后，公共支出管理(PEM)要尋求行政管理的效率：通過(guò)提高生產(chǎn)率，逐步減小政府機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)作成本、服務(wù)的單位成本。

8.單選題

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes,itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.Shemovedwiththesameeaseandloveliness.IoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon'tknowthewordfor"ribbons",soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid"Beautiful."Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn'tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon'tspeakLaotianverywell).

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsonthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementoverthe

price;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreeatthepriceset;thatwayIwasabletopayherthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.

Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft,too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinmarketplace,Ilefttearsinmythroat.Iwantedtocry.Ididn't,ofcourse.

Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.

Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.Iremovethepaper,andraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecandlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!

Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn'tcry.

1.Accordingtothewriter,thewomaninthemarketplace

（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowinginNOTcorrect?

3.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausewoman（

）.

4.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?

5.Whenthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdid

notbecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refusedtospeaktoher.

B.waspleasantandattractive.

C.wassellingskirtsandribbons.

D.recognizedherimmediately.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.

B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.

C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.

D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable.

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney.

C.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining.

D.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.

B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.

C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.

D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeeling.

B.shewasafraidofcryinginpublic.

C.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravely.

D.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段作者的描寫(xiě)可知，她是令人愉快且吸引人的。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的最后三句話“...Ibegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.”可知選項(xiàng)B、C、D均正確。只有選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第五段“Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.”售貨員很到高興是因?yàn)樽髡咧廊绾斡盟麄儑?guó)家的方式進(jìn)行討價(jià)還價(jià),所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第五段“Thepricewastoolow...payherthreetimesasmuchbefore...”可知，作者覺(jué)得價(jià)格太低，怕售貨員掙不到錢，所以多買了幾件作為一種補(bǔ)償。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.”我學(xué)會(huì)了在困難面前保護(hù)自己；不知不覺(jué)中，我也學(xué)會(huì)了保護(hù)自己不被溫柔以及容易的東西傷害?？芍髡邲](méi)有哭是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)學(xué)會(huì)控制自己的情緒不會(huì)輕易受到影響，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Thericeandcottonfieldsarebesetwithswarmsofpestslikericehopperandpinkbollworm.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invested

B.infested

C.infected

D.injected

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Beset表示“困擾，圍繞”；A項(xiàng)invest“投資，覆蓋”，B項(xiàng)infest“大批滋生”，C項(xiàng)infect“感染”，D項(xiàng)inject“注入，注射”。句意：稻田和棉田被成群的害蟲(chóng)所包圍，如稻虱和粉虱。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Inhiswill,themillionaire（）nearlyallhisfortunestothehousemaidwhotookcareofhiminhislastdays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inherited

B.bequeathed

C.owed

D.remitted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。inherit“繼承（遺產(chǎn)）等”；bequeath“將（財(cái)物等）遺贈(zèng)給”；owe“感恩；虧欠”；remit“寬恕；匯款”。句意：在他的遺囑中，這個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁將他幾乎全部的財(cái)產(chǎn)留給了在他最后日子里照顧他的女傭。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturetheprofessordeliveredbecauseitssubjectwasvery____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscure

B.indefinite

C.dubious

D.intriguing

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.obscure費(fèi)解的；難以理解的B.indefinite無(wú)限期的；期限不定的

C.dubious可疑的；不可信的D.intriguing非常有趣的；引人入勝的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：很少有人能聽(tīng)懂教授的講座，因?yàn)樗闹黝}非?！?。根據(jù)句意，由很少有人能夠聽(tīng)懂可知是因?yàn)榻淌诘闹黝}讓人難以理解。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】很少有人能聽(tīng)懂這位教授的講座，因?yàn)樗闹黝}非常難懂。

12.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)onoccasion“間或，有時(shí)”，例句：Ithas,onoccasion，createdtroubleforthebank.(有時(shí)，這給銀行造成麻煩。)；B選項(xiàng)onpurpose“故意”，例句：Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.（我特地來(lái)這里看你。)；C選項(xiàng)oncondition“在……條件下，如果，倘若”，例句：Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanovercoat.(你要穿上外套才能出去。)；D選項(xiàng)onlyif“只要，只有”。用于句首時(shí)，后面主句的主謂語(yǔ)要倒裝，例如：Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoenterthisroom.（只有得到老師的允許，學(xué)生才可以進(jìn)這屋。)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)oncondition后面跟that從句，表示“在……條件下”。句意：他向我借錢，我同意了，但條件是下周還錢。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Hardworkandmalnutrition（

）hishealthandhelookedthinandpale.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impaired

B.promoted

C.accelerated

D.smashed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。impair“損害”；promote“促進(jìn)”；accelerate“加速”；smash“擊碎，撞擊”。句意：繁重的工作以及營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良損害了他的健康，他看起來(lái)瘦弱，臉色蒼白。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Retirementisobviouslyaverycomplex（

）periodandtheearlieryoustartplanningforit,thebetter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transition

B.transaction

C.transmission

D.transformation

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。transition"過(guò)渡”；transaction“交易；事務(wù)”；transmission“傳動(dòng)裝置，傳送；transformation“轉(zhuǎn)換；改革；變形”。句意：退休很明顯是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過(guò)渡期，你越早計(jì)劃，越好。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當(dāng)人們問(wèn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們通常指的是計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)部一個(gè)微小時(shí)鐘的頻率，它是一個(gè)晶體振蕩器，設(shè)定了整個(gè)機(jī)器使用的基本節(jié)奏。”由此可知，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計(jì)算機(jī)的微處理器芯片中，一個(gè)時(shí)鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時(shí)信號(hào)傳送到各個(gè)電路中，就像鼓聲通過(guò)空氣傳播給士兵，以此來(lái)確定他們行進(jìn)的步伐一樣?！庇纱丝赏茢?，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說(shuō)明定時(shí)信號(hào)的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時(shí)信號(hào)的分配變得越來(lái)越困難?！边x項(xiàng)A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個(gè)大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設(shè)計(jì)和大量的電力?！边x項(xiàng)C和D符合原文。選項(xiàng)B是由于速度過(guò)快導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是缺點(diǎn)，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們?cè)谔?yáng)微系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個(gè)組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個(gè)國(guó)際性問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A，B，C均是事實(shí)，不是推導(dǎo)出來(lái)的，所以不符合題意。

16.單選題

Theguides（

）thetouriststogetheratthehotelgate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accumulated

B.collected

C.assembled

D.resembled

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accumulate“積累;累積”:collect“收集”;assemble“聚集；集合”；resemble“類似，像”。根據(jù)后文“togetheratthehotelgate”可知是在門口集合，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。句意：這些導(dǎo)游讓游客在酒店門口集合。

17.單選題

What,besideschildren,connectsmothersaroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It'schickensoup,oneprominentAmericanfood,expertsays.

FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsiachickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspiritMotherspassedtheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece.ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMaimonidesextolleditsvirtues.

Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearthChickensgotanotherboostintheBookofGenesis,whereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishwerecreatedonthefifthday,adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.

ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken'srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.

HerbookTheWholeWorldLovesChickenSouplooksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrew,withdozensofrecipesfromaroundtheworld.Throughouttheages,shesaid,“therehasbeenalotoffeelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeatfortheweakwomenandtheill.”

Inaddition,“soups,oranythingforthatmattereatenwithaspoon,”areconsidered"comfortfoods"Sheratonsaid,“IlovesoupandIlovemakingsoupandasIwascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasaninternationaldish...Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurative,astrengthbuilder,”SheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.

Herbooktreatstheoldestremedyasifitwasbrandnew.

TheNationalBroilerCouncil,thetradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry,reportedthat51%ofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50%saiditwasversatile,41%saiditwaseconomicaland46%saiditwaslowinfat.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

2.Sinceancienttimes,thevalueofchickensouphasbeen（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

4.Itcanbesaidfromthesurveythatchickenis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ProminentAmericanFoods

B.ChickenSoup,aUniversalCure-all

C.ChickenSoupRecipes

D.HistoryoftheChickenSoup

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.widelyacknowledged

B.over-estimated

C.appreciatedonlybyphilosophers

D.knownonlytomothers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Chickensouphasaverylonghistory.

B.Sinceancienttimes,chickensouphasbeenahomeremedy.

C.Poultryusuallystandshigherthanfour-leggedanimals.

D.Four-leggedanimalsweresaidtobecreatedonthesixthday.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.apopularfood

B.amaindish

C.cheaperthananyotherfood

D.alloftheabove

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由第二段“FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsiachickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspassedtheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMaimonidesextolleditsvirtues.從俄羅斯的村莊到非洲和亞洲，雞湯一直是那些身體和精神虛弱的人的良藥。母親們把她們的知識(shí)傳給了古希臘，中國(guó)和羅馬的作家，甚至12世紀(jì)的哲學(xué)家和醫(yī)生摩西?邁蒙尼德都贊美它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！比亩荚谫濏炿u湯的治愈力。答案B。其他選項(xiàng)不能體現(xiàn)文章主旨。

第2題:推理判斷題。由第一段以及第二段“FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsiachickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit…MosesMaimonidesextolleditsvirtues.從俄羅斯的村莊到非洲和亞洲，雞湯一直是那些身體和精神虛弱的人的良藥。母親們把她們的知識(shí)傳給了古希臘，中國(guó)和羅馬的作家，甚至12世紀(jì)的哲學(xué)家和醫(yī)生摩西?邁蒙尼德都贊美它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！笨芍u湯的價(jià)值流傳已久，廣為人知。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從文章第三段“Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.亞里士多德認(rèn)為家禽應(yīng)該比四條腿的動(dòng)物站得更高，因?yàn)榭諝獾拿芏缺鹊厍蛐　！边@只是亞里士多德的猜想，并非事實(shí)，故C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容錯(cuò)誤。答案C

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從最后一段可知，調(diào)查表明雖然人們購(gòu)買雞肉的原因不同，但卻側(cè)面說(shuō)明雞肉是一種受歡迎的食物。C和D不符合常識(shí)，B項(xiàng)文中未提及。答案A

18.單選題

Plantsraisedingreenhousesaretendedmethodicallyinanattempttocreatethebestpossibleconditionsfortheirgrowth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.systematically

B.naturally

C.personally

D.lovingly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。methodically表示“有方法地，有系統(tǒng)地”；A項(xiàng)systematically“系統(tǒng)地”，B項(xiàng)naturally“自然地”，C項(xiàng)personally“個(gè)人地”，D項(xiàng)lovingly“親切地，鐘愛(ài)地”。句意：在溫室里培育的植物受到系統(tǒng)地照料，盡可能為它們的生長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造最好的可能條件。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

19.單選題

TheAlzheimer’sAssociationandtheNationalAllianceforCaregivingestimatethatmenmakeupnearly40percentoffamilycareprovidersnow,upfrom19percentina1996studybytheAlzheimer’sAssociation.About17millionmenarecaringforanadult.Womenstillprovidethebulkoffamilycare,especiallyintimatetaskslikebathinganddressing.Manycomplainthattheirbrothersaretreatedlikeheroesjustforshowingup.Butwithsmallerfamiliesandmorewomenworkingfull-time,manymenhavenochoicebuttotakeonrolesthatwouldhavebeenalientotheirfathers.

Oftentheyareovershadowedbytheirfemalecounterpartsandfacedwithemployers,friends,supportorganizationsandsometimesevenparentswhoviewcaregivingasanessentiallyfemalerole.Malecaregiversaremorelikelytosaytheyfeelunpreparedfortheroleandbecomesociallyisolated,andlesslikelytoaskforhelp.Isolationaffectswomenaswell,butmentendtohavefewerlifeline.“Theyarelesslikelytohavefriendsgoingthroughsimilarexperiences,anddependmoreontheirjobsfordailyhumancontact.”Dr.DonnaWagner,thedirectorofgerontologyatTowsonUniversityandoneofthefewresearcherswhohasstudiedsonsascaregivers,said.

Inpastgenerations,menmighthavepointedtotheiraccomplishmentsasbreadwinnersorfathers.Now,somemensaytheyworryabouttheconflictbetweencaringfortheirparentsandtheseotherroles.Ina2003studyatthreeFortune500companies,Dr.DonnaWagnerfoundthatmenwerelesslikelytouseemployee-assistanceprogramsforcaregiversbecausetheyfeareditwouldbeheldagainstthem.“Eventhoughthecompanyhasendorsedtheprogram,yoursupervisorsmayhaveadifferentopinion,”Dr.Wagnersaid.MattKassin,51,workedforalargecompanywithverygenerousbenefits,andhisemployerhadbeenunderstanding.Buthewasreluctanttotalkabouthiscaregiversbecausehethought“itwouldbelookedatlike,whentheyhireamale,theyexpecthimtobe100percentfocused.”Andhedidn’twanttoappeartobesomeonewhohaddistractionsthatdetractedfromperformance.

Formanymen,thenewrolemeansgivinguptheirself-imageasexperts,saidLouisColbert,directoroftheofficeofservicesfortheaginginDelawareCounty,Pa.,whohassharedcareofhis84-year-oldmotherwithhissiblingssinceherAlzheimer’smadeitnecessary.Onceayear,Mr.Colbertorganizesaget-togetherformalecaregivers.Theconcernstheyraise,hesaid,aredifferentfromthoseofwomeninsupportgroups.“Veryclearly,theysaidtheywantedtheirroleascaregiversvalidated,becauseinoursociety,asawhole,menascaregivershavebeeninvisible,”hesaid.

1.WhatcanweknowaboutmenaccordingtotheAlzheimer’sAssociationandtheNationalAllianceforCaregiving?

2.WhydomentendtofeelmorestressedandsociallyisolatedaccordingtoDonnaWagner?

3.DonnaWagnersolutiontotheconflictbetweencaringforparentsandothersocialrolesisto______.

4.WhywasMattKassinunwillingtotalkabouthiscaregivingwithhisemployer?

5.WhatmightbetheconcernsofmalecaregiversaccordingtoLouisColbert?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Moremenplaytheleadingroleincaringforelderlyparents.

B.Mencountontheirwivestotakecareoftheirparents.

C.Menundertakeallfamilycareincludingwashingandcooking.

D.Mentendtobeviewedasheroesfortheirparents.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheyfeeloverwhelmedbythepressurefromparents.

B.Becausetheyfacethecompetitionfromtheirfemalecounterparts.

C.Becausetheyfindfewpeopletotalkandsharetheirexperienceswith.

D.Becausetheyarepsychologicallyunpreparedfortherole.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.takeadvantageofemployee-assistanceprograms

B.makeadjustmentbothphysicallyandemotionally

C.scheduletimeforparents,childrenandjob

D.involveintheoutsideworldasmuchaspossible

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausethecompanydidnotprovidesuchsupportprograms.

B.Becausehewasthreatenedtobeattheriskoflosinghisjob.

C.Becausehefeltembarrassedtosendparentstonursinghomes.

D.Becausehefeareditwouldleadtoadistractedimageinthemindofhisboss.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarelackofprofessionalknowledgeandskills.

B.Theyfeelitinappropriateforthemtodothejob.

C.Theirroleofcaregiversisnotacknowledged.

D.Theyfeelwhattheydoisnotenough.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段第一句TheAlzheimer’sAssociationandtheNationalAllianceforCaregivingestimatethatmenmakeupnearly40percentoffamilycareprovidersnow（阿爾茨海默氏癥協(xié)會(huì)和全國(guó)護(hù)理聯(lián)盟估計(jì)，目前男性占家庭護(hù)理提供者的近40%）。A選項(xiàng)“越來(lái)越多的男性在照顧年邁的父母方面起著主導(dǎo)作用”，文章第一段提到，大約有1700萬(wàn)男性在照顧一個(gè)成年人，符合A選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“男人依靠妻子照顧父母”，文章所說(shuō)，女性仍然承擔(dān)著大部分的家庭照顧工作，不符合題意，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“男人負(fù)責(zé)所有家庭事務(wù)，包括洗衣服和做飯”不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“男人往往被他們的父母視為英雄”，文章所說(shuō)許多人抱怨他們的兄弟僅僅因?yàn)槌霈F(xiàn)了就被當(dāng)作英雄對(duì)待，男人沒(méi)有被父母視為英雄，因此可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文中第二段第四句Theyarelessl