考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hervoice（

）assheadmittedwhatshehaddone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hesitated

B.injected

C.floated

D.slid

【答案】A

【解析】hesitate躊躇，猶豫；inject注入，注射；float浮動(dòng)，飄流；slid滑落，不知不覺地陷入。句意：她承認(rèn)自己所做的事時(shí)，她的表達(dá)有些猶豫。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Thenewsthatthepresidenthadsubmittedhisresignationcausedagreat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensation

B.stimulation

C.devotion

D.deterioration

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。sensation“感覺，轟動(dòng)”；stimulation“刺激”；devotion“奉獻(xiàn)”；deterioration“惡化”。句意：總統(tǒng)遞交辭呈的消息引起了巨大轟動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.（1）,"Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchastransportandentertainment.

Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.（2）.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhaveafertilesoilandafavorableclimate;otherregionspossessnoneofthem.

（3）Somecountriesareperhapswelloffinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonshavebeenunabletodeveloptheirresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry’speople.（4）.Acountry'sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumedwithinitsownborders,butalsouponwhatisindirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.（5）.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwouldotherwisebelacking.Acountry’swealthis,therefore,muchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity,providedthatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:F

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一句提到“任何國家的‘生活水平’是指國家生產(chǎn)的商品和服務(wù)的平均份額”，空格后關(guān)鍵詞“wealth財(cái)富”可推斷中間內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和財(cái)富”有關(guān)，C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)?，一個(gè)國家的生活水平首先取決于其創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力”符合題意，故選C。

2.文章第二段第一句提到“一個(gè)國家創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力取決于許多因素，其中大多數(shù)因素相互影響”，空格后提到“世界上有些地區(qū)的煤炭和礦物供應(yīng)充足，土壤肥沃，氣候宜人，其他地區(qū)則沒有?！蓖茢嘀虚g內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是闡述“財(cái)富與煤、礦產(chǎn)等資源的關(guān)系”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“財(cái)富在很大程度上取決于一個(gè)國家的自然資源，如煤炭、黃金和其他礦產(chǎn)、供水等”符合題意，故選F。

3.空格后提到“有些國家自然資源雖然很豐富，但由于多年來戰(zhàn)爭和一些其他原因一直無法開發(fā)其資源”可推斷此處應(yīng)闡述“自然資源與開發(fā)自然資源的能力”，B項(xiàng)“排在自然資源后的是將自然資源轉(zhuǎn)化使用的能力”符合題意，故選B。

4.空格前文提到“另外一個(gè)重要因素是一個(gè)國家人民技術(shù)效率”可推斷此處應(yīng)闡述與“技術(shù)相關(guān)的內(nèi)容”，A項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)培訓(xùn)了許多熟練工人和技術(shù)人員的工業(yè)化國家比其他工人不熟練的國家更有能力創(chuàng)造財(cái)富”符合題意，故選A。

5.空格前文提到“一個(gè)國家的生活水平不僅取決于在本國境內(nèi)生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的財(cái)富，而且還取決于通過國際貿(mào)易間接生產(chǎn)的財(cái)富”，空格后提到“貿(mào)易使她剩余的制成品能夠在國外進(jìn)行貿(mào)易，以換取自身所缺乏的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品?！笨赏茢嗫崭裉帯皯?yīng)該列舉一個(gè)例子”由此導(dǎo)出下文的結(jié)論，D項(xiàng)“例如，如果它只能依靠國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)，英國在食品和其他農(nóng)產(chǎn)品方面的財(cái)富要少得多”符合題意，故選D。

4.單選題

Ifyou’replanningongoingsightseeingaroundtheoldcity,aguideis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indicative

B.indifferent

C.indispensable

D.incredible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。indicative“象征的；指示的”；indifferent“冷淡的，不關(guān)心的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；incredible“難以置信的”。句意：如果你打算去舊城觀光的話，向?qū)莀_____。根據(jù)句意可知，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Themanagerneedsanassistantthathecan（

）totakecareofproblemsinhisabsence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.counton

B.countin

C.countup

D.countout

【答案】A

【解析】句意:經(jīng)理需要一個(gè)靠得住的助手，以便當(dāng)他不在吋，可以幫助處理問題。

短語辨析。counton依靠,依賴;countin把..算在內(nèi);countup加起來;countout點(diǎn)數(shù)。故選A。

6.單選題

“Ineveryknownhumansocietythemale’sneedsforachievementcanberecognized.Inagreatnumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirright,orability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.Theirmalenessinfacthastobeunderwrittenbypreventingwomenfromenteringsomefieldorperformingsomefeat.”

ThisistheconclusionoftheanthropologistMargaretMeadaboutthewayinwhichtherolesofmenandwomeninsocietyshouldbedistinguished.

Iftalkandprintareconsidereditwouldseemthattheformalemancipationofwomenisfarfromcomplete.Thereisaflowofpublicationsaboutthecontinuingdomesticbondageofwomenandaboutthecomplicatedsystemofdefenseswhichmenhavethrownuparoundtheirhithertoacceptedadvantages,takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen’spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.

Thereareagoodmanyobjectivepiecesofevidencefortheerosionofmen'sstatus.Inthefirstplace,thereisthewidespreadpostwarphenomenonofthewomanPrimeMinister,inIndia,SriLankaandIsrael.

Secondly,thereistheverylargeincreaseinthenumberofwomenwhowork,especiallymarriedwomenandmothersofchildren.Morediffuselytherearetheincreasinglynumerousconvergencesbetweenmaleandfemalebehavior:theapproximationtoidenticalstylesindressandcoiffure,thesharingofdomestictasks,andtheadmissionofwomentoallsortsofhithertoexclusivelymaleleisure-timeactivities.

Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople'ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.Amorousinitiativeisfirmlyreservedtotheman,whosetsaboutcourtshipwithaclub.

1.Thephrase“men’ssurenessoftheirsexrole”inthefirstparagraphsuggeststhatthey（

）.

2.ThethirdparagraphdoesNOTclaimthatmen

（

）.

3.Attheendofthelastparagraphtheauthoruseshumorousexaggerationinorderto

（

）.

4.Theusualideaofthecavemaninthelastparagraph

（

）.

5.TheopeningquotationfromMargaretMeadsumsuparelationshipbetweenmanandwomanwhichtheauthor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areconfidentintheirabilitytocharmwomen

B.taketheinitiativeincourtship

C.haveaclearideaofwhatisconsidered“manly”

D.tendtobemoreimmoralthanwomenare

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.preventwomenfromtakingupcertainprofessions

B.secretlyadmirewomen'sintellectandresolution

C.doubtwhetherwomenreallymeantosucceedinbusiness

D.forbidwomentojoincertainclubsandsocieties

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.showthatmenarestrongerthanwomen

B.carryfurthertheideasoftheearliestparagraphs

C.supportthefirstsentenceofthesameparagraph

D.disowntheideasheisexpressing

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isbasedonthestudyofarchaeology

B.illustrateshowpeopleexpectmentobehave

C.isdismissedbytheauthorasanirrelevantjoke

D.provesthattheman,notwoman,shouldbethewooer

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.approvesof

B.arguesisnatural

C.completelyrejects

D.expectstogoonchanging

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問第一段中的“男人對(duì)自己的性別角色的確信”表明他們…‘’由第一段第二句“Inagreatnumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirrightorability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.在大量的人類社會(huì)里，男性對(duì)自己性別角色的確定與他們?nèi)?shí)踐女性不被允許的活動(dòng)的權(quán)利或能力聯(lián)系在一起?！贝_定C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)什么被看成是‘男子氣概’有清醒的認(rèn)識(shí)”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘第三段沒有提及…’。由第三段中“...takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen'spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.有時(shí)采取明顯的（將女性）排除在某些職業(yè)和社會(huì)群體之外的方式；有時(shí)采取更微妙的方式去自動(dòng)懷疑女性自稱達(dá)到被認(rèn)為是男性為運(yùn)行世界這個(gè)事業(yè)而帶來的智力和決斷水平的真正性?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)的“背地里羨慕女性的資料和決斷”在第三段中沒有提及，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“阻止女性從事某些職業(yè)”、C選項(xiàng)“懷疑是否女性真正打算去在職業(yè)上獲得成功”及D選項(xiàng)“禁止女性加入某些俱樂部和社會(huì)團(tuán)體”在第三段都有提及。。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘在最后一段的結(jié)尾，作者使用了幽默的夸張手法來達(dá)到….’。由最后一段第一句“Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology...每個(gè)人對(duì)原命或自然的乂類生活情況都有一個(gè)非常確切的想法，相比考古學(xué)，它（即有關(guān)人類原始或自然的狀況的想法）更多是通過研究幽默的卡通圖畫來獲得的”確定C選項(xiàng)“支持同一個(gè)段落第一句話”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘他在最后一段提到穴居人…’。由最后一段第二句“Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology...相比考古學(xué)，它（即有關(guān)人類原始或自然的狀況的想法）更多是通過研究幽默的卡通圖畫來獲得的”確定A選項(xiàng)“基于研究考古學(xué)”與原文不符。由最后一段中“Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.在這種基本的自然社會(huì)里，男人出去打獵、捕魚和擊退臨近的部落，而女人保持爐火不滅（即負(fù)責(zé)家務(wù)）”確定B選項(xiàng)“描述了人們?cè)鯓悠谂文行匀ケ憩F(xiàn)”正確。C選項(xiàng)“被作者以一個(gè)不相關(guān)的笑話而沒有考慮”及D選項(xiàng)“證明男人而非女人應(yīng)該是追求者”在文中沒有提及。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘瑪格麗特?米德的引言概括了作者對(duì)男女關(guān)系的理解的…’。由最后一段中“Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople’ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.相比考古學(xué)，它（即有關(guān)人類原始或自然的狀況的想法）更多是通過研究幽默的卡通圖畫來獲得的，但這個(gè)不重要，因?yàn)樗皇亲鳛槔碚摱匾?，而是作為一種內(nèi)心感到的期望的表達(dá)，即人們感覺在兩性角色區(qū)別上什么在根本上是合適?！贝_定作者贊同MargretMead總結(jié)的在社會(huì)中男性和女性的角色應(yīng)該被區(qū)分”，所以A選項(xiàng)“贊同”正確。

7.單選題

BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we______inEuropefortwoweeks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shallstay

B.havestayed

C.willhavestayed

D.havebeenstaying

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：等你到達(dá)倫敦的時(shí)候，我們已經(jīng)在歐洲待兩個(gè)星期了。將來完成時(shí)是用在表示在將來某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作；其結(jié)構(gòu)為主語+shall/willhavebeen+表語。根據(jù)語境，動(dòng)作在將來某一時(shí)間前已經(jīng)完成，C選項(xiàng)willhavestayed符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Doctorsusuallytrytothegravityofillnessifapatientisfoundtohavecancer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.specialize

B.illuminate

C.elevate

D.minimize

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)specializev.專門從事，詳細(xì)說明；B選項(xiàng)illuminatev.闡明，說明；C選項(xiàng)elevatev.提升，舉起，振奮；D選項(xiàng)minimizev.最小化，使減到最小。根據(jù)句意可知，如果病人查出得了癌癥，醫(yī)生總是盡量把病情說得輕一些。因此，正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Inthe（）ofthisearthquake,manynationalandinternationalcommunitiesofferedhelpandassistance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sense

B.hope

C.case

D.wake

【答案】D

【解析】句意:隨著這個(gè)地震而來的是很多國家和國際團(tuán)體主動(dòng)提供幫助。

考查短語辨析。Inthesenseof從…意義上說;inthehopeof懷著…的希望;inthecaseof至于,在…的情況下;inthewakeof緊緊跟隨,隨著…而來。因此D符合句意。

10.單選題

Manypeoplethinkthatthestandardsofpublic（）havedeclined.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.morality

B.rightness

C.awareness

D.mentality

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)morality“道德，品行”，B項(xiàng)rightness“公正，正直”，C項(xiàng)awareness“意識(shí)，認(rèn)識(shí)”，D項(xiàng)mentality“心態(tài)”。句意：許多人認(rèn)為公共道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下降了。根據(jù)句意，該題選A正確。

11.單選題

Acobwebglisteningwithdewseemsas（

）asitislovely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragile

B.frigid

C.strident

D.tedious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fragile“易碎的，脆弱的”；B選項(xiàng)frigid“嚴(yán)寒的，寒冷的，冷淡的”；C選項(xiàng)strident“刺耳的”；D選項(xiàng)tedious“冗長的，啰唆的，單調(diào)乏味的”。由“有露珠閃爍的蜘蛛網(wǎng)看上去又______，又可愛”可知空格處的詞語要與cobweb（蜘蛛網(wǎng)）在邏輯上搭配，且與lovely的感情色彩一致，因此選A。句意：有露珠閃爍的蜘蛛網(wǎng)看上去又脆弱又可愛。

12.單選題

Thereareonlytenapplesleftinthebaskets,（）thespoiltones.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notcounting

B.nottocount

C.don'tcount

D.havingnotcounted

【答案】A

【解析】句意:不算上壞了的蘋果，這個(gè)籃子里只剩下10個(gè)蘋果了。

語法題?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語。句子前半句已經(jīng)完整,所以后半句用了count的現(xiàn)在分詞形式做伴隨狀語。

13.單選題

Thedoctorsdon’t（

）thatthepatientwilllivemuchlonger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.entail

B.manifest

C.articulate

D.anticipate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。entail意為“牽涉，需要”；manifest意為“顯示，表明”；articulate意為“口齒清楚，清晰發(fā)(音)”；anticipate意為“預(yù)料，預(yù)期”。

句意：醫(yī)生們預(yù)計(jì)病人活不了多久了。

14.單選題

OakRidgeresidentsareencouragedtotheirunusedmedicineonSaturdayat（）OperationMedicineCabinet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposeof

B.deviatefrom

C.adhereto

D.adjustto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。disposeof處理，轉(zhuǎn)讓，解決；deviatefrom偏離，脫離；adhereto堅(jiān)持，粘附；adjustto調(diào)節(jié)。句意：橡樹嶺居民被鼓勵(lì)在周六處理他們醫(yī)藥箱中從未使用的藥品。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Howcanyouavoidmistakeswhenyouareinsucha（）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.haste

B.hurry

C.speed

D.dash

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。inahurry意為“立刻，匆忙”。句意：當(dāng)你如此匆忙的時(shí)候，你怎么能避免錯(cuò)誤呢?選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

EvenifyouhaveneverseenaJarmanfilmorpainting,orgarden,youcan______thepassionandgraceofhiswriting.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assess

B.pursue

C.savor

D.testify

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.assess評(píng)估；評(píng)定

B.pursue追求；致力于

C.savor品味；體會(huì)D.testify（尤指出庭）作證；證明

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息thepassionandgraceofhiswriting（他作品中的激情和優(yōu)雅）可知，空格處表示“品味，體會(huì)”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】即使你從未看過賈曼的電影、繪畫或花園，你也能品味到他作品中的激情和優(yōu)雅。

17.單選題

AtBuffaloCreek,WestVirginia,amakeshiftdamatacoalminesitecollapsedwithalossofmorethan100lives.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragile

B.massive

C.crude

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.fragile易碎的，易損的B.massive巨大的，大而重的

C.crude粗略的，簡略的D.temporary暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】makeshift的意思為“臨時(shí)替代的，權(quán)宜的”，用來形容dam，指的是煤礦工地的臨時(shí)大壩，temporary與之詞義相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】在西弗吉尼亞州的布法羅溪，某個(gè)煤礦工地的臨時(shí)大壩倒塌，造成100多人死亡。

18.單選題

Ethologistsareconvincedthatmanyanimalssurvivethroughlearning—butlearningthatisindicatedbytheirgeneticprogramming,learningasthoroughlyasthemost______instinctiveofbehavioralresponses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stereotyped

B.superseded

C.transient

D.incompatible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)stereotyped“刻板的，老一套的”，B項(xiàng)superseded“作廢的，被取代的”，C項(xiàng)transient“短暫的，路過的”，D項(xiàng)incompatible“不相容的，矛盾的”。句子前部分說的是“動(dòng)物行為學(xué)家相信，許多動(dòng)物是通過學(xué)習(xí)生存下來的，但這種學(xué)習(xí)是由它們的遺傳程序決定的”，結(jié)合后面的instinctiveofbehavioralresponses（本能的行為反應(yīng)）可推，空格處填入的修飾詞應(yīng)該是“刻板的”，A項(xiàng)符合。句意：動(dòng)物行為學(xué)家相信，許多動(dòng)物是通過學(xué)習(xí)生存下來的，但這種學(xué)習(xí)是由它們的遺傳程序決定的，學(xué)習(xí)就像最刻板的本能行為反應(yīng)一樣徹底。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

19.單選題

Formanypatients,institutionalcareisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pertinent

B.appropriate

C.acute

D.persistent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pertinent“（說話，話題等）切題的，（意見，建議等）相關(guān)的”；B選項(xiàng)appropriate“恰當(dāng)?shù)?，適當(dāng)?shù)摹?；C選項(xiàng)acute“十分嚴(yán)重的，(疾病)急性的，靈敏的”；D選項(xiàng)persistent“持久的，持續(xù)的”。句意：對(duì)許多病人來說，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是最適當(dāng)和最有益的護(hù)理形式。

20.單選題

Thetradeunionsinthisindustryare（

）anyreductioninwages.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.objectingagainst

B.opposedto

C.resistingagainst

D.reactedto

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞“anyreductioninwages工資的任何減少”和四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成選擇固定搭配“beopposedtosth反對(duì)某事”的B項(xiàng)正確。英語中一般不用“objectagainst”或“resistagainst”的搭配；英語中沒有“bereactedtosth.”這種搭配，一般用“reactedtosth.對(duì)某事起反應(yīng)”。句意為：這個(gè)行業(yè)的工會(huì)反對(duì)任何減薪。故正確答案選B。

21.單選題

Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong（）oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sponsors

B.contributors

C.advocates

D.performers

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。sponsor贊助商；contributor貢獻(xiàn)者，參與者；advocate擁護(hù)者，提倡者；performer表演者，執(zhí)行者。句意：堅(jiān)決擁護(hù)傳統(tǒng)的英語教學(xué)方法的老師并不是很多。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

22.單選題

Examinethedataovertime,andyou’llfindirrefutableevidenceofprogress:thedeclineofwar,theincreaseinlifespan;（）ofliteracy,democracy,andequalrights;（）ofprivilegebasedonrace,gender,heredityandbeliefs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thespread...thewaning

B.thespreading...thewane

C.thespreads...thewanes

D.thespreading...thewaning

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。介詞of前面應(yīng)該用名詞，所以第一個(gè)空格用名詞spread，第二個(gè)空將動(dòng)詞wan后加-ing變成動(dòng)名詞形式waning，句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，研究這些數(shù)據(jù)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)無可辯駁的證據(jù)證明社會(huì)的進(jìn)步：戰(zhàn)爭的減少，壽命的延長；文化程度、民主和平等權(quán)利的傳播；基于宗族、性別、地位和信仰的特權(quán)衰退和減少。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

23.翻譯題

MacroeconomicPolicy

IftheGreatDepressionsparkedtheformulizationofmacroeconomicpolicy,thecurrentGlobalFinancialAndEconomicCrisisiswritingthenextchapterHadtherebeenapolicyinventoryfortheGreatDepression,providingtheopportunitytoobservetherangeofpoliciesfollowed,therangeofcountriesimplementingthesepolicies,andtherangeoftheimpact,formalizationoflessonslearnedintheformofmacroeconomictheorywouldhavetokenplacemoreeasilyandmoreconsistentlybybeingabletoseethelargerpicture.Thisthenshouldbethemodestgoalofpolicyinventory——totrytocapturethewhole,theglobalmacropracticesacross77countries,toaidformalizationofmacroeconomicpracticeandtheory.Whatisnotcoveredadequatelybythepolicyinventoryatthemacrolevelisimpact,forwhichamoredetailedfollow-upstudyisrecommended.

Asaresultoftheneedforatrulyglobalviewoftheproblem,thissurveyhasobservedtheentiresampleofcountries,dividingthesampleintotwocategories:high-incomecountries,andlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Threeparticularityimportantfactorsinthepolicyinventorycanbeusedtoanalyzethepolicyresponsesutilizedduringthecrisisyears.

【答案】宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策

如果大蕭條引發(fā)了宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的制定，那么在存在一個(gè)庫存策略的前提下，目前的全球金融和經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)將會(huì)使大蕭條進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的階段，使我們能夠有機(jī)會(huì)觀察由此帶來的政策相關(guān)的范圍，包括國家實(shí)施這些政策的范圍和影響范圍，由于能夠看到更宏觀的藍(lán)圖，在宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)理論中學(xué)到的形式的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)將更容易，更一致的發(fā)生。這應(yīng)該是政策庫存的適度目標(biāo)，試圖掌握77個(gè)國家的全球宏觀實(shí)踐，以幫助宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)踐和理論的形式化。在宏觀層面上，政策庫存的影響沒有充分覆蓋，對(duì)于這種影響，后續(xù)有一個(gè)更詳細(xì)的研究建議。

由于需要真正全面地看待這一問題，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查觀察了整個(gè)國家的樣本，將樣本分為兩類：高收入國家和中低收入國家。庫存策略中的三個(gè)特別重要的因素可以用來分析危機(jī)期間的政策反應(yīng)。

24.單選題

Ifthethoughtofleavinghomewithoutyourmobilephonecausesyouto（

）coldsweat,youcouldbesufferingfromnomophobia:thefearofhavingnomobilephone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakinto

B.breakout

C.breakthrough

D.breakup

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.breakinto闖入B.breakout爆發(fā)；突發(fā)

C.breakthrough突破；突圍D.breakup打碎；破碎；結(jié)束；解散

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】如果離開家不帶手機(jī)的想法會(huì)使你……冷汗，你可能患上了無手機(jī)綜合癥：對(duì)沒有手機(jī)感到恐懼。由本題句意可知應(yīng)該是冒冷汗，B選項(xiàng)“爆發(fā)；突發(fā)”可引申為該句所需要的含義，因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】如果離開家不帶手機(jī)的想法會(huì)使你出一身冷汗，那你可能患上了“無手機(jī)恐懼癥”：對(duì)沒有手機(jī)感到恐懼。

25.單選題

ResearchersatUCLAMedicalCenterinLosAngeles,Californiafoundthata12-minutebedsidevisitwithadogcanhelpeaseanxietylevelsby24percentinheartfailurepatients,comparedtoa10percentdropwhenpatientshadavisitfromahumanvolunteer,andnodropinpatientswhohadnovisit.

Resultsofthe76-patientstudywerepresentedlastweekattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sannualScientificSessionsinDallas,Texas.ThestudywasfundedbythePetCareTrustFoundation,anon-profitorganizationwhichpromoteshuman-animalinteractionandbonding.Inthestudy,effectsofdogandvolunteervisitswerecomparedwiththoseofvolunteersonly,andwithpatientswhohadnovisitsandremainedatrest.Heartpressuresweremonitoredandpatientswereaskedtoansweralistofanxietyassessmentquestionsbeforeandafterthevisits.Althoughcriticalpressuremeasuresalsodecreased,suggestingimprovedcardiacfunction,themostmarkedresponsewasseeninanxietylevels.

“Thefirstthingyounoticeisthatthepatient’sfacialexpressionchangestoasmileandthestressoftheworldseemstobeliftedofftheirshoulders,”studyauthorKathyColesaid.Feelingsofdepressionandhelplessnessarecommonamongheartpatients,Colesaid,andjustthreenightsinahospitalisenoughtomakesomepatientsfeelanxiousandunsettled.Duringthevisit,thefurryfriendisallowedtolieonthebednexttothepatientwithitsheadwithintwofeetofthepatient’s.Mostpatientspettedthedog,whileothersengagedhumanvolunteersinconversationaboutthedog.

Dogsusedinthestudyarespeciallytrainedanimal-assistedtherapydogsthatundergoaseriesoftrainings,evaluationsandcertificationstoqualifyastherapydogs.Dogbreedsvaried.ResearchersusedeverythingfromBernesemountaindogstosmallschnauzers.However,adogdoesn’thavetobespeciallytrainedtohaveacalmingeffectonitshumancounterparts.Infact,theanimaldoesn’tevenhavetobeadoginordertohelp.“Aslongastheanimalhasmeaningtothepatient,orarelationshipwiththepatient,itcanhelpcalmthepatient,”Colesaid.

6.Welearnfromthetextthatheartpatientsbenefitmostfromvisits______.

7.Thestudyshowsthat,forheartpatients,______.

8.AccordingtoCole,thechangeofpatients’facialexpressionindicatesthat______.

9.Colebelievesthatdogsarehelpfultothepatientsif______.

10.Thisreportfocuseson______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.byavolunteerwithadog

B.byavolunteeronhisown

C.byawell-traineddogalone

D.byanon-profitorganization

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theiranxietyisreducediftheystaylongerinhospital

B.theircontactwithanimalsimprovestheircondition

C.theirheartpressuredecreasesiftheyremainatrest

D.theirrecoveryreliesoncontactwithanimals

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyarehappywiththeexperiment

B.theyarepsychologicallycomforted

C.theirhospitalizationmaybeshortened

D.theirheartfunctionisreturningtonormal

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyarelimitedtocertainbreeds

B.theyarespeciallytrainedones

C.theyhavemeaningtothem

D.theystaywiththemallday

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thehealingpowerofanimals

B.thetreatmentofheartdisease

C.therelationshipbetweendogsandhumans

D.thepromotionofhuman-animalinteraction

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】6.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“heartpatients”可以定位到文章第一段中visitwithadogcanhelpeaseanxietylevelsby24percentinheartfailurepatients（帶著狗一起看病人，會(huì)使病人的焦慮感降低24%。），說明帶著寵物看病人對(duì)心臟病患者有好處。因此A選項(xiàng)“由一位志愿者帶著狗”正確。B選項(xiàng)“由志愿者一個(gè)人”，C選項(xiàng)“僅靠一只訓(xùn)練有素的狗”，D選項(xiàng)“靠非營利組織”均不符合題意，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

7.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“heartpatients”可以定位到文章第一段中visitwithadogcanhelpeaseanxietylevelsby24percentinheartfailurepatients（帶著狗一起看病人，會(huì)使病人的焦慮感降低24%。），說明和動(dòng)物接觸對(duì)心臟病人有好處。因此B選項(xiàng)“他們與動(dòng)物的接觸改善了他們的狀況”正確。A選項(xiàng)“如果住院時(shí)間較長，他們的焦慮感就會(huì)減少”，由原文可知，長時(shí)間住院會(huì)讓病人感到焦慮不安，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“如果一直休息，他們的心臟壓力就會(huì)下降”，由原文可知，一直休息不會(huì)使病人的心臟壓力下降，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“他們的康復(fù)依賴于與動(dòng)物的接觸”，原文只說了和動(dòng)物接觸對(duì)心臟病人有好處，并沒有說要依賴于與動(dòng)物的接觸，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

8.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“facialexpression”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Thefirstthingyounoticeisthatthepatient’sfacialexpressionchangestoasmileandthestressoftheworldseemstobeliftedofftheirshoulders（首先你會(huì)注意到，病人的面部表情變成了微笑，世界的壓力似乎從他們的肩膀上消失了），文章前兩段詳細(xì)陳述了帶著狗去看病人的好處，第三段開頭就提到病人表情的變化，可以推斷，在與動(dòng)物接觸之后，病人的心理壓力變小。因此B選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)谛睦砩系玫搅税参俊闭_。A選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)很滿意”，C選項(xiàng)“他們的住院時(shí)間可能會(huì)縮短”，D選項(xiàng)“他們的心臟功能正在恢復(fù)正常”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

9.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句“Aslongastheanimalhasmeaningtothepatient,orarelationshipwiththepatient,itcanhelpcalmthepatient,”Colesaid.（科爾說：“只要?jiǎng)游飳?duì)病人有意義，或者與病人有關(guān)系，它就能幫助病人平靜下來?！保?，說明任何動(dòng)物只要對(duì)病人有意義，都有助于其病情的恢復(fù)，狗當(dāng)然也不例外。因此C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)他們有意義”正確。A選項(xiàng)“僅限于某些品種”，由原文可知，對(duì)狗的品種沒有限制，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“受過專業(yè)訓(xùn)練”，由原文可知，狗對(duì)人類的鎮(zhèn)靜作用并不需要經(jīng)過特別訓(xùn)練，所以B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“整天和他們?cè)谝黄稹痹谖闹袥]有提及，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

10.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，即帶著動(dòng)物看病人對(duì)于患者有很大好處。因此A選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物的治愈力”正確。B選項(xiàng)“心臟病的治療”，C選項(xiàng)“狗與人的關(guān)系”，D選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)人與動(dòng)物之間的相互作用”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

26.單選題

Theroomwasfullofpeopleandsmoke,shestartedtofeel（）withtheheatinside.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.craned

B.congested

C.confronted

D.oppressed

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義辨析。craned是crane的過去式和過去分詞形式，不是形容詞；congested“堵塞的；擁擠的”；confronted是confront的過去式和過去分詞形式，不是形容詞；oppressed“受壓制的”。根據(jù)前半句“房間里擠滿了人并且到處是煙”，可知在這樣的環(huán)境下人會(huì)感到壓抑，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

27.單選題

Tosaythatthechildlearnsbyimitationandthatthewaytoteachistosetagoodexampleoversimplifies.Nochildimitateseveryactionhesees.Sometimes,theexampletheparentwantshimtofollowisignoredwhilehetakesovercontrarypatternsfromsomeotherexample.Thereforewemustturntoamoresubtletheorythan“Monkeysee,monkeydo.”

Lookatitfromthechild’spointofview.Hereheisinanewsituation,lackingareadyresponse.Heisseekingaresponsewhichwillgaincertainends.Ifhelacksareadyresponseforthesituation,andcannotreasonoutwhattodo,heobservesamodelwhoseemsabletogettherightresult.Thechildlooksforanauthorityorexpertwhocanshowwhattodo.

Thereisasecondelementatworkinthissituation.Thechildmaybeabletoattainhisimmediategoalonlytofindthathismethodbringscriticismfrompeoplewhoobservehim.Whenshoutingacrossthehouseachieveshisimmediateendofdeliveringamessage,heistoldemphaticallythatsucharacketisunpleasant,thatheshouldwalkintothenextroomandsayhissayquietly.Thus,thedesiretosolveanyobjectivesituation