考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三亞城市職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三亞城市職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Youseethelightning（

）ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theinstant

B.foraninstant

C.ontheinstant

D.inaninstant

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。分析“Youseethelightning____ithappens”可知空格處缺少一個(gè)連詞，結(jié)合句意可知選A，theinstant表示“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其他選項(xiàng)不能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：閃電一發(fā)生，你就看到了，但隨后才聽(tīng)到雷聲。

2.單選題

Whydosomedesertplantsgrowtallandthinlikeorganpipes?Whydomosttreesinthetropicskeeptheirleavesyearround?WhyintheArctictundraaretherenotreesatall?Aftermanyyearswithoutconvincinggeneralanswers,wenowknowmuchaboutwhatsetsthefashioninplantdesign.

Usingterminologymorecharacteristicofathermalengineerthanofabotanist,wecanthinkofplantsasmechanismsthatmustbalancetheirheatbudgets.AplantbydayisstakedoutundertheSunwithnowayofshelteringitself.Alldaylongitabsorbsheat.Ifitdidnotloseasmuchheatasitgained,theneventuallyitwoulddie.

Plantsgetridoftheirheatbywarmingtheairaroundthem,byevaporatingwater,andbyradiatingheattotheatmosphereandthecold,blackreachesofspacetemperatureistolerablefortheprocessesoflife.PlantsintheArctictundralieclosetothegroundinthethinlayerofstillairthatclingsthere.AfootortwoabovethegroundarethewindsofArcticcold.TundraplantsabsorbheatfromtheSunandtendtowarmup;theyprobablybalancemostoftheirheatbudgetsbyradiatingheattospace,butalsobywarmingthestillairthatistrappedamongthem.AslongasArcticplantsareclosetotheground,theycanbalancetheirheatbudgets.Butiftheyshouldstretchupasatreedoes,theywouldlifttheirworkingparts,theirleaves,intothestreamingArcticwinds.ThenitislikelythattheplantscouldnotabsorbenoughheatfromtheSuntoavoidbeingcooledbelowacriticaltemperature.YourheatbudgetdoesnotbalanceifyoustandtallintheArctic.

Suchthinkingalsohelpsexplainothercharacteristicsofplantdesign.AdesertplantfacestheoppositeproblemfromthatofanArcticplant—thedangerofoverheating.Itisshortofwaterandsocannotcoolitselfbyevaporationwithoutdehydrating.Thefamiliarsticklikeshapeofdesertplantsrepresentsoneofthesolutionstothisproblem:theshapeexposesthesmallestpossiblesurfacetoincomingsolarradiationandprovidesthelargestpossiblesurfacefromwhichtheplantcanradiateheat.Intropicalrainforests,bywayofcontrast,thescorchingsunisnotaproblemforplantsbecausethereissufficientwater.

Thisworkingmodelallowsustoconnectthegeneralcharacteristicsoftheformsofplantsindifferenthabitatswithfactorssuchastemperature,availabilityofwater,andpresenceorabsenceofseasonaldifferences.OurEarthiscoveredwithapatchworkquiltofmeteorologicalconditions,andthepatternsofthispatchworkarefaithfullyreflectedbytheplants.

1.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsofplantsdoesthepassageprimarilyfocuson?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingismostresponsibleforpreventingtreesfromgrowingtallintheArctic?

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe"sticklikeshapeofdesertplants"inLine3(Paragraph4)canbeattributedtothe（）

4.Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageascontributionstotheplants,balancingtheirheatEXCEPT.

5.WhichistheTRUEstatementaboutthedifferentplants?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theirabilitytogrowequallywellinallenvironments.

B.TheireffectsontheEarth'satmosphere.

C.Theirabilitytostorewaterfordryperiods.

D.Theirabilitytobalanceheatintakeandoutput.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thehard,frozenground.

B.Thesmallamountofavailablesunshine.

C.Thecold,destructivewinds.

D.Thelargeamountofsnowthatfallseachyear.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.inabilityoftheplantstoradiateheattotheairaroundthem

B.presenceofirregularseasonaldifferencesinthedesert

C.largesurfaceareathattheplantsmustexposetotheSun

D.extremeheatandaridityofthehabitat

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.radiatingheattotheatmosphere

B.warmingtheairaroundthem

C.absorbingheatfromthesun

D.evaporatingwater

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Arcticplantsexposethesmallestpossiblesurfacetoincomingsolarradiation.

B.Tropicalplantsareusuallynotaffectedbythestrongsunshine.

C.Desertplantsgrowdenselyclosetotheground.

D.Plantsindifferentregionsshownorelationstotheseasons.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨思想題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句"plantsasmechanismsthatmustbalancetheirheatbudgets."植物作為生物體要保持熱量的平衡，之后的段落主要說(shuō)明植物是如何保持熱量平衡的。所以本文主要圍繞植物吸收與散發(fā)熱量的平衡來(lái)展開(kāi)說(shuō)明。選項(xiàng)D正確。

第2題:根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，只要北極植物靠近地面，就能平衡熱量收支，如果北極植物過(guò)高，則會(huì)受到北極風(fēng)的影響，從而無(wú)法從太陽(yáng)吸收足夠的熱量。所以，北極植物長(zhǎng)得矮主要是受北極的風(fēng)影響，選項(xiàng)C正確。

第3題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句"Itisshortofwaterandsocannotcoolitselfbyevaporationwithoutdehydrating"它缺少水，所以不脫水就不能通過(guò)蒸發(fā)來(lái)冷卻自己。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句"Plantsgetridoftheirheatbywarmingtheairaroundthem,byevaporatingwater,andbyradiatingheattotheatmosphere"。只有選項(xiàng)C沒(méi)有提及。

第5題:信息判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A指的是沙漠植物而不是北極植物；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句"Intropicalrainforests,...thescorchingsunisnotaproblemforplants..."可知選項(xiàng)B正確；選項(xiàng)C描述的是北極植物；根據(jù)最后一段的第一句可知，不同地區(qū)的植物與季節(jié)相關(guān)，所以選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。

3.單選題

Hydrogenisthefundamentalelementoftheuniverse______itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sothat

B.butthat

C.inthat

D.providedthat

【答案】C

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：氫是宇宙的基本元素，因?yàn)樗峁┝似渌禺a(chǎn)生的基石。A選項(xiàng)sothat“因此”引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，B選項(xiàng)butthat“要不是”和D選項(xiàng)providedthat“條件是……”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，均不符合題意。C選項(xiàng)inthat“由于”引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，符合主從句的因果關(guān)系。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash.Virtuallyallfinancial（

）willbeconductedbycomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transactions

B.transmissions

C.transitions

D.transformations

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transaction“業(yè)務(wù)，交易”；B選項(xiàng)transmission“傳送，傳播”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡，轉(zhuǎn)變，變遷”；D選項(xiàng)transformation“變化，改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變”。根據(jù)financial（財(cái)政的，金融的）可知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：由于人們不需要攜帶大量現(xiàn)金，走在街上會(huì)更安全，幾乎所有的金融交易都將由計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行。

5.單選題

Highlevelsofradonhavebeen（

）inthehouse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.observed

B.noticed

C.extracted

D.detected

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。observe意為“觀察，研究”；notice意為“注意”；extract意為“提取，提煉”；detect意為“查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)，偵察出”。

句意：房子里發(fā)現(xiàn)了高濃度的氡。

6.單選題

Lazinessisasin,everyoneknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasiesmaypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievements,thattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever“l(fā)esser”workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating—reschedulingtheirday.

Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators(拖延者),somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating,researching.Weshouldallrememberthatsomegreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewas“goofingoff(游手好閑)”,Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone“l(fā)azy”buildthecarorstovewebuy,particularlyifthat“l(fā)aziness”werecausedbytheworker’stakingtimetocheckeachstepofhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,being“l(fā)ady”—thatis,takingtimeoffforarest-isgoodforanoverworkedstudentor,executive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho’ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyevenings,attheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

2.Thepassagestatesthat______.

3.Whichofthefollowingconclusiondoesthepassagesupport?

4.Thefinalparagraphis______.

5.Theword“devised”inPara.2means______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lazinessisamoralsin

B.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazy

C.lazinessindicatesdeep-seatedemotionalproblems

D.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.lazinessisadisease

B.somelazypeopleareinsecure

C.lazinessismorebeneficialthanharmful

D.agooddefinitionoflazinessisemotionalillness

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thewordlazinessissometimesappliedincorrectly.

B.Mostofthetimelazinessisavirtue.

C.Mostassemblylineworkersarelazy.

D.Mostinsecurepeoplearelazy.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somber

B.humorous

C.serious

D.trite(陳腐的)

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.formulate

B.understood

C.wrote

D.proved

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段講了懶惰是一種罪惡，第二段又指出懶惰也會(huì)起到很大的作用，說(shuō)明本文主要講的是懶惰的壞處和好處。因此B選項(xiàng)“懶惰有好處也有壞處”最能概括文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“懶惰是一種道德上的罪惡”，C選項(xiàng)“懶惰表明了根深蒂固的情感問(wèn)題”，D選項(xiàng)“懶惰的人做的工作更仔細(xì)”均不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第五句Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.（他們可能非常不信任他們的同事，以至于無(wú)法參加任何小組任務(wù)，因?yàn)楹ε卤怀靶驌?dān)心他們的想法被竊取。），說(shuō)明懶惰表明了一種根深蒂固的情感問(wèn)題。因此D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)于懶惰的一個(gè)很好的定義是情感疾病”正確。A選項(xiàng)“懶惰是一種疾病”，B選項(xiàng)“一些懶惰的人沒(méi)有安全感”，C選項(xiàng)“懶惰的好處多于壞處”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后兩句Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.（所以當(dāng)你想說(shuō)別人懶的時(shí)候要小心。那個(gè)人可能正在思考、休息或計(jì)劃他或她的下一本書(shū)。），說(shuō)明有時(shí)形容別人懶惰并不準(zhǔn)確。因此A選項(xiàng)“懶惰這個(gè)詞有時(shí)被錯(cuò)誤地應(yīng)用”正確。B選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)時(shí)候，懶惰是一種美德”，C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)裝配線工人都是懶惰的”，D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)沒(méi)有安全感的人都是懶惰的”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第二段可知，作者用一種輕松詼諧的筆調(diào)把懶惰和成功聯(lián)系起來(lái)說(shuō)明懶惰有哪些好處，觀點(diǎn)十分新穎。因此B選項(xiàng)“幽默的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“陰沉的”，C選項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)肅的”，D選項(xiàng)“陳腐的”均不符合題意，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“devised”可以定位到文章第二段第三句Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.（當(dāng)牛頓被蘋(píng)果砸到，發(fā)明了引力理論時(shí)，他并不在果園里工作。），說(shuō)明“devised”在文中是指“發(fā)明”的意思。因此A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)明”正確。B選項(xiàng)“理解”，C選項(xiàng)“寫(xiě)下”，D選項(xiàng)“證明”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

7.單選題

Prehistoricpeoplemadepaintsbygrindingcoloredmaterials（

）intopowderandaddingwater.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ifvegetationandclay

B.howvegetationandclay

C.thatvegetationandclayare

D.suchasvegetationandclay

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。分析選項(xiàng)可知vegetationandclay（植物和泥土）屬于coloredmaterials，所以空格處所填單詞應(yīng)該是對(duì)有色材料的舉例，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：史前的人們通過(guò)將彩色材料諸如植被和黏土研成粉末再加水的方式來(lái)制作繪畫(huà)顏料。

8.單選題

Manyyearshad（）beforetheyreturnedtotheiroriginalurbanareas.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.floated

B.elapsed

C.preceded

D.proceeded

【答案】B

【解析】float漂流；elapse時(shí)間流逝；precede領(lǐng)先，在…之前；proceed開(kāi)始，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。句意：許多年過(guò)去了，他們才回到原來(lái)的城市。這里指時(shí)間流逝，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

9.單選題

Thepresidentappearstohavebeen（

）whenhepromisedtotrytobalancethenationalbudget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inearnest

B.inperson

C.inprivate

D.inreality

【答案】A

【解析】inearnest認(rèn)真地，誠(chéng)摯地；inperson親自地；inprivate秘密地，私下地；inreality實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上。句意：當(dāng)總統(tǒng)承諾努力平衡國(guó)家預(yù)算時(shí)，他似乎是認(rèn)真的。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

10.單選題

Werarelyperceivemorethanaminute（

）ofthesightsandsoundsthatfalluponoursenseorgans;thegreatmajoritypassusby.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fiction

B.function

C.fraction

D.friction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fiction“小說(shuō)，虛構(gòu)的事”；function“功能，職能”；fraction“小部分，少量”；friction“摩擦，沖突”。句意：我們只能察覺(jué)到被我們感官所接收的很少一部分的景象和聲音，而忽視了大部分。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Wewereallannoyedbythetwogirlswhotalkedincessantlyduringthelecture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rudely

B.endlessly

C.loudly

D.noisily

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rudely“無(wú)禮地”；B選項(xiàng)endlessly“不斷地”；C選項(xiàng)loudly“大聲地”；D選項(xiàng)noisily“吵鬧地”。句意：講座過(guò)程中，兩個(gè)女生在滔滔不絕地講話，我們都很煩。劃線部分incessantly是不停地意思。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Inthatmoviean（）spacecrafthoveredthecityforashotwhilebeforeitvanishedinthedistance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alien

B.animated

C.allergic

D.ambiguous

【答案】A

【解析】alien外國(guó)的,外星人的；animated活生生,活潑的；allergic對(duì)...過(guò)敏的；ambiguous模糊不清的。句意：電影中一艘外星人的飛船在城市上空盤(pán)旋了一會(huì)兒,然后消失在遠(yuǎn)處。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey'realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.‘It'siniquitous,’theysay,‘thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustry(ifwecancallitthat)shouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it’stheconsumerwhopays...’

Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc.,fromanadvertisement.

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.Wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybyelawswhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities,

Wemustnotforget,cither,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogrammesisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice!

Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthe‘smallads.’whicharcinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe'hatch,matchanddispatch’columnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonalor'agony'column.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

1.Whatismainideaofthispassage?

2.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardadvertisersis（）.

3.Whydothecriticscriticizeadvertisers?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNotTrue?

5.Thepassageis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Advertisement.

B.Thebenefitsofadvertisement.

C.Advertisersperformausefulservicetocommunities.

D.Thecostsofadvertisement.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.appreciative.

B.trustworthy.

C.critical.

D.dissatisfactory.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseadvertisersoftenbrag.

B.Becausecriticsthinkadvertisementisa“wasteofmoney”.

C.Becausecustomersareencouragedtobuymorethannecessary.

D.Becausecustomerspaymore.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Advertisementmakescontributiontoourpocketsandwemayknoweverything.

B.Wecanbuywhatwewant.

C.Goodqualityproductsdon’tneedtobeadvertised.

D.Advertisementmakesourlifecolorful.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Narration.

B.Description.

C.Criticism.

D.Argumentation.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者在第一段引出廣告這個(gè)話題，接著在接下來(lái)的段落從不同的角度講述了廣告給人們帶來(lái)的便利，表面上看似乎是在講廣告的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但實(shí)際上是在講述廣告服務(wù)于社會(huì)的功能，而且第一段實(shí)際上也有提到廣告的缺點(diǎn)，不全是在講述廣告的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以選項(xiàng)C更為恰當(dāng)。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A選項(xiàng)appreciative“贊賞的”；B選項(xiàng)trustworthy“信任的”；C選項(xiàng)critical“批評(píng)的”；D選項(xiàng)dissatisfactory“不滿意的”。根據(jù)原文可知，作者所提到的大多是廣告積極的一面，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)其的態(tài)度是贊賞的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B“信任的”有點(diǎn)言過(guò)其實(shí)，畢竟作者在第一段也提及了廣告的缺點(diǎn)，所以談不上信任依賴，選B不正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的一、二句“Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey'realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.廣告商往往好高騖遠(yuǎn)，也許這就是他們總是招致批評(píng)的原因。批評(píng)者似乎對(duì)他們（廣告商）很氣憤，因?yàn)樗麄兩糜谧晕彝其N，而且有很多錢可以用來(lái)?yè)]霍?！庇纱丝芍u(píng)者批評(píng)廣告商是因?yàn)閺V告商喜歡吹噓，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“advertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.廣告為我們的口袋做出了積極的貢獻(xiàn)?！笨芍x項(xiàng)A正確；第二段提及“廣告可以提供信息，我們對(duì)家庭用品的了解很大程度上來(lái)自我們讀到的廣告”，也就是說(shuō)我們可以買到自己想買的東西，所以選項(xiàng)B正確；選項(xiàng)C“高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品不需要廣告”在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D“廣告使我們的生活多姿多彩”，在原文第三段的時(shí)候提及，符合原文。所以本題選C。

5.判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)Narration“敘事”；B選項(xiàng)Description“描寫(xiě)”；C選項(xiàng)Criticism“批判”；D選項(xiàng)Argumentation“議論”。文章首段就是對(duì)廣告的批評(píng)，后面再通過(guò)對(duì)比的手法說(shuō)明廣告的功能，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

14.單選題

Themostimportantenvironmentalinfluenceonfishiswatertemperature,forfishtendtotakeonthetemperatureoftheirsurroundings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assume

B.regulate

C.avoid

D.exceed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。takeon表示“呈現(xiàn)，具有”。A項(xiàng)assume“假定，采取”，B項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié)，校準(zhǔn)”，C項(xiàng)avoid“避免，消除”，D項(xiàng)exceed“超過(guò)，勝過(guò)”。句意：水溫是對(duì)于魚(yú)來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的環(huán)境影響因素，魚(yú)一般傾向于調(diào)節(jié)自己的溫度以使其與周圍的溫度相同。根據(jù)題意該題選B。

15.單選題

Sinceneithersidewasreadyto______whatwasnecessaryforpeace,hostilitywasresumedin1980.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precede

B.recede

C.concede

D.intercede

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precede“領(lǐng)先”；B選項(xiàng)recede“后退；減弱”；C選項(xiàng)concede“讓步”；D選項(xiàng)intercede“調(diào)解，調(diào)?！?。句意：由于雙方都不愿意對(duì)和平的必要條件______，1980年又恢復(fù)了敵對(duì)狀態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指雙方不肯讓步，C選項(xiàng)concede“讓步”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Justasyoudonotwishothersto（

）theirdesiresuponyou,youmustleaveittothemtobefreetofollowtheirowndirectioninlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inflict

B.dispute

C.ridicule

D.antedate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inflict“把……強(qiáng)加給，使承受，遭受”；B選項(xiàng)dispute“辯論，爭(zhēng)論”；C選項(xiàng)ridicule“嘲笑，奚落”；D選項(xiàng)antedate“預(yù)期，預(yù)料，居先”。由后面的“youmustleaveittothemtobefreetofollowtheirowndirectioninlife（你必須讓他們自由地遵循他們自己的生活方向）”可知A選項(xiàng)與其意思對(duì)應(yīng)。句意：就像你不希望別人把意愿強(qiáng)加在你身上，你必須讓他們自由地遵循他們自己的生活方向。

17.單選題

Landbelongstothecity;thereis（）tilingasprivateownershipofland.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nosucha

B.notsuch

C.notsucha

D.nosuch

【答案】D

【解析】句意:土地屬于城市，沒(méi)有諸如土地私人所有的事情。

考查固定句式。thereisnosuchthingas...沒(méi)有如…樣的事情。

18.單選題

Thursdaymarkedthe42nd（）ofman’sfirststeponthemoon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ceremony

B.decade

C.occasion

D.anniversary

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ceremony“典禮，儀式，禮節(jié)”，B選項(xiàng)decade“十年，年代”，C選項(xiàng)occasion“時(shí)機(jī)，場(chǎng)合”，D選項(xiàng)anniversary“周年紀(jì)念日”。句意：星期四是人類踏上月球第42周年紀(jì)念日。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

19.單選題

Whydoesavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineveryoneexcept____?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingredients

B.elements

C.components

D.compounds

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ingredients（烹飪的）原料B.elements要素

C.components組成部分D.compounds混合物

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析

【解題思路】原句語(yǔ)義為“為什么素食餐廳除了____以外，所有的菜都像肉？”根據(jù)各選項(xiàng)的意思推測(cè)，這句話指的是素食餐廳的菜除了原料都像肉，A選項(xiàng)ingredients“（烹飪的）原料”最符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)elements“要素”，側(cè)重于指某物的必要部分或基礎(chǔ)部分；

C選項(xiàng)components“組成部分”，泛指某物的組成部分；

D選項(xiàng)compounds“混合物”，指由兩種或兩種以上元素組成的物質(zhì)。

【句意】為什么素食餐廳除了原料以外，所有的菜都像肉？

20.單選題

IthoughtIsawwaterinthedistancebutitmusthavebeenanoptical（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perception

B.delusion

C.illusion

D.deception

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了名詞辨析。perception“感知”；delusion“欺騙；錯(cuò)覺(jué)”；illusion“錯(cuò)覺(jué)；幻象”；deception“欺詐”，此句中有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，所以可知前面所說(shuō)的看到水是一種幻覺(jué)，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)A、D；delusion所指的錯(cuò)覺(jué)通常是指心理上的誤解，所以此處應(yīng)該用illusion，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。句意為：我以為我看到了遠(yuǎn)處有水，但是這肯定是一種光影幻覺(jué)。

21.單選題

Therulewillnolongerpermitustouseasevidencestatementsthathavebeenobtainedusingcruel,inhuman,ordegradinginterrogationmethods.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.punching

B.disturbing

C.questioning

D.rejecting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.punching拳打，以拳痛擊B.disturbing打擾，干擾

C.questioning正式提問(wèn)，質(zhì)詢D.rejecting拒絕接受，不予考慮

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】interrogation的意思為“審問(wèn)”，這里指不能用殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法，questioning與之詞義相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】該規(guī)則不再允許我們使用通過(guò)殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法獲得的證詞作為證據(jù)。

22.單選題

Duringtheterroristattacks,theauthoritiesorderedto（

）theworkersandresidentsofhigh-profilebuildingsfromtheconstructions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evict

B.evoke

C.evacuate

D.evade

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。evict“驅(qū)逐；逐出"；evoke“喚起；引起”；evacuate“疏散；撤退；排泄”；evade“逃避；逃脫”。句意：恐怖襲擊期間，政府要求疏散建筑物中引人注目的樓房中的工人和居民。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

23.單選題

Thegovernment（）thediplomaticnotefromJapanforitsunclearattitudetothetradebetweentwocountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.denied

B.refused

C.rejected

D.objected

【答案】C

【解析】句意:因日本在兩國(guó)間的貿(mào)易問(wèn)題上態(tài)度不明確，該政府拒絕了日本的外交照會(huì)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。deny否認(rèn)，否定；refuse拒絕別人的請(qǐng)求、幫助、邀請(qǐng)等，是普通用語(yǔ)；reject拒絕接受，不予考慮；object反對(duì)，不贊成，與介詞to搭配。故選C。

24.單選題

Wealthynationshavefallenfarbehindontheiraid（

）totheworld’spoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commitments

B.engagements

C.responsibilities

D.applications

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證”；B選項(xiàng)engagement“約會(huì)，諾言”；C選項(xiàng)responsibility“責(zé)任，職責(zé)”；D選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用，申請(qǐng)”。

句意：富裕國(guó)家在對(duì)援助世界窮國(guó)的責(zé)任方面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

25.單選題

Doyoufrequentthelocalstoreorbuyfromthemail-orderhouse?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.phoneat

B.parkat

C.chargeat

D.shopat

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。Frequent作動(dòng)詞表示“常去”；A項(xiàng)phoneat沒(méi)有這個(gè)搭配，phone作動(dòng)詞表示“打電話”，B項(xiàng)parkat“在……停車”，C項(xiàng)chargeat“沖擊，猛攻”，D項(xiàng)shopat“在……購(gòu)物”。句意：你經(jīng)常去實(shí)體店買東西還是網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物呢？因此D項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Featureseditor.

B.Magazinereporter.

C.Websitedesigner.

D.Fashiondesigner.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Designingsportsclothing.

B.Answeringdailyemails.

C.Consultingfashionexperts.

D.Interviewingjob-seekers.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisfascinating.

B.Itischallenging.

C.Itistiresome.

D.Itisfashionable.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Herconfidence.

B.Herexperience.

C.Hercompetence.

D.Herpersistence.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】ConversationOne

M:[1]TodayourguestisRosieMullenderwhoworksasaFeaturesEditorforFashionmagazine.HiRosie,you’reFeatureseditoratoneofthemostwidelyreadwomen’smagazinesintheU.K.Whatkindofresponsibilitiesdoesthatjobentail?

W:Wespendourdayslookingatideasfromjournalists,writingcopyforthemagazineandwebsite,andediting.Wedorandomthingslikeaskingpeopleinthestreetquestionsandtestingsportsclothing.Wealsodolesstangiblethingslikeunderstandingwhatourreaderswant.It’scertainlyvariedandsometimesbizarre.

M:Duringyourworkingday,whatkindofworkmightyoutypicallydo?

W:[2]Mydaymainlyincorporatesrespondingtoemails,writingandeditingstoriesandcomingupwithnewfeatureideas.

M:HowdoesthejobofFeatureseditordifferfromthatofFashioneditororothereditorialpositions?

W:TheFeaturesteamdealswitharticlessuchascareers,reports,confidenceandconfessions—everythingexceptfashionandbeauty.

M:[3]Alotofpeoplebelievethatworkingatamagazineisaglamorousjob.Isthisanaccuraterepresentationofwhatyoudo?

W:I’dsayit’sglamoroustoanextent,butnotinthewayit’sportrayedinfilms.Wedohaveourmoments,suchasinterviewingcelebritiesandattendingparties,whichisahugethrill.Ultimatelythough,we’rethesameasourreaders,butworkinginajobwe’reallveryluckytohave.

M:Didyouhavetoovercomeanydifficultiestoreachthispointinyourcareer?Howdidyoumanagetodothis?

W:[4]Ihadtobereallypersistentanditwasveryhardwork.Afterthreeyearsofworkinginapetrolstationanddoingunpaidwork,Istillhadn’tmanagedtogetanentry-leveljob.Iwasluckythatmylastdesperateattemptledtoajob.Itoldmyselfthatallexperiencesmakeyouabetterjournalistinthelongrun—andluckilyIwasright.

1.Whatisthewoman’sprofession?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士的職業(yè)是什么？對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭男士就提到今天的嘉賓RosieMullender是《時(shí)尚》雜志的特刊編輯（Featureseditor）。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是B選項(xiàng)“Magazinereporter”，因?yàn)殇浺糁胁恢挂淮翁岬絤agazine這個(gè)詞，女士的職業(yè)也和雜志有關(guān)系，但“雜志記者”不是女士的職業(yè)。

2.Whatisoneofthewomansmainresponsibilities?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士的主要職責(zé)之一是什么？女士說(shuō)她每天的工作主要包括回復(fù)電子郵件和寫(xiě)作、編輯故事等。B選項(xiàng)“回復(fù)每天的電子郵件”是錄音中respondingtoemails的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是A選項(xiàng)“Designingsportsclothing”，雖然在錄音中有出現(xiàn)“sportsclothing”，但說(shuō)的是他們會(huì)測(cè)試運(yùn)動(dòng)服裝，而不是設(shè)計(jì)；C選項(xiàng)“咨詢時(shí)尚專家”在錄音中沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息；錄音中只提到女士會(huì)采訪名人，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)采訪求職者，所以D選項(xiàng)也不正確。

3.Whatdomanypeoplethinkaboutthewoman’sjob?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是人們對(duì)女士職業(yè)的看法。男士提到很多人認(rèn)為在雜志社工作很有吸引力。A選項(xiàng)中的fascinating“極有吸引力的”是對(duì)glamorous的同義替換，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“很有挑戰(zhàn)性的”；C選項(xiàng)“令人厭煩的”和D選項(xiàng)“時(shí)髦的”均不正確。

4.Whathelpedthewomantogethercurrentposition?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)是什么幫助女士獲得現(xiàn)在的職位？錄音最后男士問(wèn)道，在女士的職業(yè)生涯中，是不是要克服什么困難才能達(dá)到現(xiàn)在這個(gè)位置，她又是怎么做到的。女士的回答是，必須堅(jiān)持不懈（persistent），因此D選項(xiàng)正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)中的experience雖然在原文中提及，但女士說(shuō)的是自己所有的經(jīng)歷都會(huì)讓她成為一名更好的記者，而不是說(shuō)她的經(jīng)歷讓她到達(dá)現(xiàn)在的位置，因此不正確；A選項(xiàng)“她的自信”和C選項(xiàng)“她的能力”在錄音中沒(méi)有提及。

27.單選題

Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded（

）27%.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.for

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介詞辨析題。expandby“增加了”；expandfor“擴(kuò)展為”；expandto“增加到”；expandin“在……中增加”。

句意：在1974年到1997年間，海外游客的數(shù)量增加了27%。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

28.單選題

Bythe1980’s,accordingtointernationalbutadmittedinconsistentdefinitionsofliteracy,aboutseven(1)tenadultsintheworldwereconsidered(2).Theincreaseinliteracyfromancient(3)tothepresenthasnotbeenastoryofunbrokenprogress.Theabilityofpeoplewithinagiven(4)toreadandwrite(5)influencedbyanumberof(6),including(7)well-being,the(8)ofmaterial(9),theamountofeducationavailable,andthebasicmatteroftheusefulnessofreading.

(10)thosefactors,usefulnesshasprobablybeenthemost(11).Inancientsocieties,aspeople(12)intostablepatternsofagricultureandtrade,itbecameusefulforsomeofthemtoreadandwriteinordertokeep(13),to(14)business,andto(15)amountsofland,animals,goods,materials,andproducts.Sincealleconomicaspectsofasocietywereclosely(16)totheoperationofthegovernment,literacybecameusefulandeven(17)forthekeepingofrecordsbyofficials.TheresponsibilitiesofcitizenshipledtoafairlyhighlevelofliteracyinancientGreeceandRome,butinadditiontothat,therealsogrewanappreciationofgoodliterature,poetry,drama,history,andphilosophy.

DuringtheearlyMiddleAges,withthegeneral(18)ofsocietyinEuropeandthedecreaseofcommerce,literacybecamelargelyconfined(19)thechurch.Butinthe(20)MiddleAges,intheperiodofRenaissance,thegreatexpansionofcommerceandbankingledtoarevivalinliteracyforthesamereasonthathadcausedittoincreaseintheancientworldusefulness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.outof

B.out

C.of

D.in

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.literate

B.literacy

C.literature

D.literary

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.time

B.times

C.day

D.days

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.society

B.societies

C.group

D.groups

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.hasbeen

C.was

D.tobe

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.factors

B.factor

C.reason

D.reasons

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.economical

C.economics

D.economy

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.reaching

B.acquisition

C.availability

D.getting

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.reading

B.read

C.toread

D.readings

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.On

B.Of

C.In

D.During

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.decide

B.decision

C.deciding

D.decisive

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.set

B.seated

C.settled

D.said

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.record