高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解攻略1：字斟句酌猜測(cè)詞義

閱讀理解詞句猜測(cè)題解題技巧點(diǎn)撥高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)解題策略指導(dǎo)

Onthewaytothefactory,Jacksangapopsonghappily,becauseitisthefirstdayforhimtowork.Whenhewasworking,hetalkedwithhiscomrade(同志；伙伴).Suddenly,themachinebrokedownbecauseofhiscarelessness.Jackwasafraidoftheblameofhisboss.Hiscomradetoldhim,”takeiteasy,youareagreenhand.”greenhandhazyThemainpointoftheplaniscleartome;butthedetailsarestill

hazy.高考閱讀理解中可以含有不超過(guò)3%的生詞量.在考試中碰到一些不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞和詞組,這是正?，F(xiàn)象,大可不必驚慌失措,也不要因?yàn)閷?duì)某個(gè)詞的含義糾纏不清而影響閱讀的速度和閱讀的質(zhì)量.Themainpointoftheplaniscleartome;butthedetailsarestill

hazy.hazy模糊的

Onthewaytothefactory,Jacksangapopsonghappily,becauseitisthefirstdayforhimtowork.Whenhewasworking,hetalkedwithhiscomrade(同志；伙伴).Suddenly,themachinebrokedownbecauseofhiscarelessness.Jackwasafraidoftheblameofhisboss.Hiscomradetoldhim,”takeiteasy,youareagreenhand.”greenhand新手first詞句猜測(cè)題常用的提問(wèn)方式有:Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterintuitive”refertointhelastparagraph?Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword“passage”?Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“oncloudnine”standsfor?Theunderlinedword“it”refersto/(probably)means

.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph2?“…”asusedinthepassagecanbestbedefinedas…Theunderlinedword“…”couldbestbereplacedby…Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheword“…”?Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“…”underlinedinparagraph3?陌生詞義熟詞生義詞組意思代詞指代句子意思(2013全國(guó)卷閱讀理解C)e.g.1

TheCRF'sproduceis"green”,madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries一withSichuanpepper,redbean(豆),cheeseandotherflavors一alsodoeswellandisfuntotaste.Andforchocolatesnobs，whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers,theConnoisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfromTogo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.

Thewords"chocolatesnobs"inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho______.A.areparticularaboutchocolate B.knowlittleaboutcocoabeansC.lookdownuponothers D.liketotrynewflavorsTip1:which/who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)目標(biāo)詞的解釋(浙江2019.6閱讀理解B）e.g.2

Moneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."Whatdoestheexpression"moneywithnostringsattached"inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.Tip2:be動(dòng)詞后的內(nèi)容解釋目標(biāo)詞小結(jié)1：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義

1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系

1）下定義

e.g.3.Likepeopleinanycountry,Americansenjoyfollowingthelivesofcelebrities

:moviestars,sportsheroes,famousartists,politicians,andthelike.名人、明星Tip3:：，—，thatis，后面的內(nèi)容解釋前面的目標(biāo)詞e.g.4.Itconfirmed,itcouldexplainwhyautism—

adisabilitythatmakesithardtocommunicatewith,andrelateto,others—continuestoexistinalltypesofsociety.自閉癥e.g.5.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle,thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.tallB.prettyC.fragileD.smooth小結(jié)2：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系

1）下定義

2）同位關(guān)系

同位關(guān)系提示詞e.g.6Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominant

languagessuchas

English,SpanishandChineseare

increasinglytakingover.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedin Paragraph2?A.Complex. B.Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.Tip4:根據(jù)文章所舉的例子，從具體到一般，推斷出目標(biāo)詞的意思。suchas(全國(guó)I2018閱讀理解C）小結(jié)3：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系

2.邏輯關(guān)系

1）舉例子

舉例的提示詞e.g.7Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallpapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers...Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.Thatfamilynotonly

returned

theimportantdocumentstousthatday,butalso

restored

ourfaithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restored”inthelastparagraphmean?A.showed.B.sentout.C.delivered.D.gaveback.Tip5:目標(biāo)詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的同義關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷

notonly

butalso

returned

(全國(guó)II2014閱讀理解A）小結(jié)4：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系

2.邏輯關(guān)系

1）舉例子

2）同義關(guān)系

同義關(guān)系提示詞e.g.8Aftermonitoringthesleephabitsof416participantsforoneyear,researchersfoundthatnightowlswhorestrictedtheirtimeinbedweremorelikelytosleepsoundlyoncetheydidfallasleep.Thosewhoremainedinbedwhentheycouldn’tsleep,ontheotherhand,weremorelikelytodevelopchronicinsomnia.Whilethisadvicemayseemcounterintuitiveatfirst,itmakessenseonceyouunderstandwhatcausesyoursleeplessness.“Thosewithinsomniatypicallyextendtheirsleepopportunity,”saidMichaelPerlis,Ph.D..”Theygotobedearly,getoutofbedlate,andtheynap…”Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“counterintuitive”underlinedinparagraph3?A.ContrarytocommonbeliefB.Unlikeanythingelse.C.SimilartofirstreactionD.BeyondwildestimaginationTip6:利用目標(biāo)詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的反義關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷。反義關(guān)系（對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折）提示詞小結(jié)5：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系

2.邏輯關(guān)系

1）舉例子

2）同義關(guān)系

3）反義關(guān)系

e.g.9Thenoisewassofaintthatitwasimpossibletobesurewhatitwasorevenwhereitcamefrom.A.weakB.clearC.beautifulD.confusing

Tip7:因果關(guān)系e.g.10Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.encourageteamwork.Bappealtofeelings.C.promotegooddeeds.D.provideadvice.Tip7:因果關(guān)系(全國(guó)II2019閱讀理解B）小結(jié)6：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系

2.邏輯關(guān)系

1）舉例子

2）同義關(guān)系

3）反義關(guān)系

4）因果關(guān)系

因果關(guān)系提示詞e.g.11Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol,guidanceandsupportneededhelpfrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Theunderlinedword“passage”inParagraph2means

.A.changeB.choiceC.textD.extension

（文章的）一段；通道Tip8:根據(jù)下文的信息推斷出目標(biāo)詞（熟詞生義）的意思(北京2016閱讀理解D）e.g.12Itwasfourdaysafterthatlifechangingmoment(shewonthehonorofMissTeenUSA2004)theseventeen-year-oldhighschoolstudentfromDestrehan,Lousiana—Shewasstilloncloudnine.Whatdothewords“oncloudnine”probablymean?A.frightened. B.troubled.C.veryhappy.D.veryangry.

Tip9:根據(jù)上文的信息推斷出目標(biāo)詞的意思(河北2011閱讀理解E）小結(jié)7：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系 2.邏輯關(guān)系

3.上下文語(yǔ)境

e.g.13MostwomeninGhana-theeducatedand

illiterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold-worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterate”?A.sickB.uneducatedC.poorD.energetic否定前綴：ilillegal;illiterate;illogical2020寧波十校一模，Be.g14.Whenpeoplearerudetotheirco-workersortreatthembadly,theyprobablydon’trealizetheunintendedvictimsintheencountercouldbetheco-workers,children.Womenwhoexperienceincivilityintheworkplacearemorelikelytoengageinstricter,moreauthoritarianparentingpracticesthatcanhaveanegativeimpactontheirchildren,accordingtotheresearchpresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“incivility”inParagraph1?A．Rudeness.B．Panic.C．Violence.D．Argument.

rude否定前綴：in-名字后綴-itycivil市民的，有禮貌的e.g.15So

the

first

lesson

about

working

in

other

countries

is

to

learn

the

language

and

by

that

I

don’t

just

mean

the

words

people

speak．It

is

body

language,dress，manners,ideasandsoon.Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmany

of

the

differences

we

see

between

cultures.The

word“highlights“in

Paragraph

2probably

means________．

A．encourages

B．helps

to

narrow

C．increases

D．draws

attention

to

highlight(河北2011閱讀理解D）小結(jié)8：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系 2.邏輯關(guān)系

3.上下文語(yǔ)境

4.構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、合成、轉(zhuǎn)化）

e.g.16Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.

麻醉劑e.g.17RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantaremoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming. takeinTip10:根據(jù)“背景、常識(shí)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)”推斷出目標(biāo)詞的意思小結(jié)9：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系 2.邏輯關(guān)系

3.上下文語(yǔ)境 4.構(gòu)詞法

5.背景常識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)e.g.19Ifthewindisblowingfromtheside,itisblowingacrosstheboat.Inthiscase,youmustkeepthesailhalfwayoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeat45°angletotheboat.Itneedstobeoutfarenoughtocatchthewind,butitshouldn’tflap

（擺動(dòng)）…Whatdoestheword“It”underlinedinParagraph4referto?A.Theboat.B.Thewind.C.Thesail.D.Theangle.(全國(guó)II

2012閱讀理解B）小結(jié)10:一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系 2.邏輯關(guān)系

3.上下文語(yǔ)境 4.構(gòu)詞法

5.背景常識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)二.運(yùn)用就近和邏輯一致原則找指代e.g.20Evenourfathersdroppedtheirtoolsandjoinedus.Ourmotherstooktheirturn,laughinglikeschoolgirls.Ithinkwewereallbesideourselves.Parentsforgottheirdutyanddignity;childrenforgottheireverydayfightsandlittlejealousies（妒忌）.Perhapsit’slikeinthekingdomofheaven.By“wewereallbesideourselves”,thewritermeansthattheywereall______.A.feltconfused B.wentwildwithjoyC.lookedon D.forgottheirfights

(浙江2011閱讀理解D）小結(jié)11：一.巧用線(xiàn)索猜詞義1.語(yǔ)法關(guān)系 2.邏輯關(guān)系

3.上下文語(yǔ)境 4.構(gòu)詞法

5.背景常識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)二.運(yùn)用就近和邏輯一致原則找指代三.利用意義吻合推句意課堂小結(jié)生活常識(shí)上下文就近指代構(gòu)詞法邏輯關(guān)系語(yǔ)法關(guān)系猜意義吻合定語(yǔ)從句、下定義、標(biāo)點(diǎn)列舉、同義、反義（對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折）、因果Practicemakesperfect!

鞏固練習(xí)3.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.1.Doyouknowwhata“territory”is?Aterritoryisanareathatananimal,usuallythemaleclaimsasitsown.2.Fraud,anillegalactionofcheatingpeopleinordertogettheirmoney,isagrowingproblem.4.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltopeople'shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.

5.Tomisconsideredanautocraticadministrator（管理人員）becausehemakesdecisionswithoutseekingtheopinionsofothers．6.Onemorning,however，Ifounditsbedempty．Mydollwasgone!Icriedforit．Mumweptandtoldmethatthepoorlittlethinghadbeensenttoahospital．Ithadafever.Forseveraldays，IheardMumandDadwhisperingsuchwordsas“hopeless”，“pitiful”，and“dying”,whichsounded

Ominous．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ominous”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Impossible．B．Boring．C．Difficult．D．Fearful．(重慶2012閱讀理解A）7.…Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobea

hassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.…Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”probablymean?A.Apartydesignedbyspecialists.B.Aplanrequiringcarefulthought.C.Asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble.D.Ademandmadebyguests.8.

Thefineselectionofthemajorworks

wasdoneinclosecollaboration（合作）withMuseoNcionalReinSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributions

fromotherinstitutions（公共機(jī)構(gòu)）liketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.

(全國(guó)I

2015閱讀理解B）9.Herewasanexceptionallycreativemind(boy)atwork.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistantinclasswhosecreativitywouldinfectotherstudents.Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI’mjustnotcreative.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Mistake.B.Drawback.C.Difficulty.D.Burden.

downside(全國(guó)II

2016閱讀理解B）10.Foryearswehavebeentoldthatencouragingachild’sself-respectisimportanttohisorhersuccessinlife.Butchildexpertsarenowlearningthattoomuchpraisecanleadtotheoppositeeffect,Praise-aholickidswhoexpectitateveryturnmaybecometeenswhoseekthesamekindofapprovalfromtheirfriendswhenaskediftheywattogointhebackseatofthecar.The

underlinedword“Praise-aholickids“refertokidswhoare________．

A．tiredofbeingpraised

B．worthyofbeingpraised

C．veryproudofbeingpraisedD．extremelyfondofbeingpraised

11.ISScrewmembers(astronauts)usuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofayear.TheyworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchaspossible.Whatdoestheword“mimic”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Find. B.Copy.C.Change.D.Lose

(遼寧2012閱讀理解B）12.“Myfriendsaid,‘NowIbelieveyourstories,’”Weltyadded.“AndIsaid,‘Nowyouknow.Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.’”Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph6refertoWelty’s________.A.ReadersB.partiesC.friends D.stories13.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou‘refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn‘tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.We