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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川旅游學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Shetriedtohidehergrief,butshewas()tears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onthevergeof

B.enthusiasticabout

C.onthelookoutfor

D.gluedto

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。onthevergeof

瀕臨于、接近于;enthusiasticabout熱衷于;onthelookoutfor留意、物色;gluedto不愿離開,盯住不放。句意:她試圖掩飾她的悲傷,但她幾乎要哭了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.

ThedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;itsdevelopment,however,wasvirtuallyhaltedinthe1940’sbecausethedevelopmentoftheelectronmicroscopewasprogressingrapidly.Duringthe1940’s,electronmicroscopesroutinelyachievedresolutionbetterthanthatpossiblewithavisible-lightmicroscope,whiletheperformanceofX-raymicroscopesresistedimprovement.Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.

ThenewX-raymicroscopesconsiderablyimproveontheresolutionprovidedbyopticalmicroscopes.Theycanalsobeusedtomapthedistributionofcertainchemicalelements.Somecanformpicturesinextremelyshorttimes;othersholdthepromiseofspecialcapabilitiessuchasthree-dimensionalimaging.Unlikeconventionalelectronmicroscopy,X-raymicroscopyenablesspecimenstobekeptinairandinwater,whichmeansthatbiologicalsamplescanbestudiedunderconditionssimilartotheirnaturalstate.Theilluminationused,so-calledsoftXraysinthewavelengthrangeoftwentytofortyangstroms(anangstromisoneten-billionthofameter),isalsosufficientlypenetratingtoimageintactbiologicalcellsinmanycases.BecauseofthewavelengthoftheXraysused,softX-raymicroscopeswillnevermatchthehighestresolutionpossiblewithelectronmicroscopes.Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.

1.Whatisthethemedoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionthevisible-lightmicroscopeinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhydidittakesolongtodeveloptheX-raymicroscope?

4.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatcanbeinferredaboutX-raymicroscopesinthefuture?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thedetailseenthroughamicroscope.

B.Outdatedmicroscopictechniques.

C.Sourcesofilluminationformicroscopes.

D.Anewkindofmicroscope

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ToputtheX-raymicroscopeinahistoricalperspective.

B.Tobeginadiscussionofsixteenth-centurydiscoveries.

C.Toshowhowlimiteditsusesare.

D.Toexplainhowitfunctioned.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Fundsforresearchwereinsufficient.

B.Thesourceofilluminationwasnotbrightenoughuntilrecently.

C.MaterialsusedtomanufactureX-raytubesweredifficulttoobtain.

D.X-raymicroscopesweretoocomplicatedtooperate.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywillprobablyreplaceelectronmicroscopealtogether.

B.Theywilleventuallybemuchcheapertoproducethantheyarenow.

C.Theywillprovideinformationnotavailablefromotherkindsofmicroscopes.

D.Theywilleventuallychangetheilluminationrangethattheynowuse.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由第一段“Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.現(xiàn)在,另一種顯微鏡,利用x射線而不是光或電子,提供了一種觀察微小細(xì)節(jié)的不同方法;它應(yīng)該把人類的感知能力進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展到自然界?!奔暗诙巍癟hedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;制造x射線顯微鏡的夢(mèng)想可以追溯到1895年”可知本文講的是一種新的顯微鏡,故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。定位第一段中“Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.顯微技術(shù)的每一個(gè)進(jìn)步都給科學(xué)家提供了新視角對(duì)生物體的功能和物質(zhì)本身的性質(zhì)。”及“Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.16世紀(jì)晚期可視光學(xué)顯微鏡的發(fā)明引入了單細(xì)胞植物和動(dòng)物的未知領(lǐng)域。在二十世紀(jì),電子顯微鏡提供了對(duì)病毒和微小表面結(jié)構(gòu)的直接觀察?!笨芍峒翱梢姽怙@微鏡的目的是“從歷史的角度來看待x射線顯微鏡”故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位第二段中“Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.然而,近年來,人們對(duì)x射線顯微鏡的興趣又復(fù)活了,這在很大程度上是由于x射線照明新光源等技術(shù)的發(fā)展。結(jié)果,今天可用的亮度是x射線管的數(shù)百萬倍,在本世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間里,x射線管是唯一可用的軟x射線源??芍狟項(xiàng)“直到最近,光源才足夠明亮?!闭_,ACD三項(xiàng)都沒有提及。答案B。

4.判斷推理題。定位最后一段中“Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.相反,它們的特殊性質(zhì)將使研究成為可能,這將補(bǔ)充那些用光和電子儀器進(jìn)行的研究??芍狢項(xiàng)“X射線將提供其他種類的顯微鏡無法提供的信息?!闭_。

3.單選題

Tony'smotherlovesPekingoperaandwheneverthereisanewplay,sheasksTonytobuyticketsforher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adorns

B.adapts

C.adopts

D.adores

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)adorns“裝飾;使生色”;B選項(xiàng)adapts“適合的;使適應(yīng),改編”;C選項(xiàng)adopts“收養(yǎng)”;D選項(xiàng)adores“崇拜;喜愛;極喜歡”。句意:托尼的媽媽喜歡京劇,每當(dāng)有新戲上演,她就讓托尼給她買票。結(jié)合句意,A,B,C選項(xiàng)都可排除,得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hewatchedamazedateightsquirrelsthatwalked(

)downthebank,andmadeforalargepinetreeatthebottom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inprofile

B.inarow

C.insinglefile

D.allalongtheline

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inprofile意為“從側(cè)面看”;inarow意為“一連,成一行,接連”;insinglefile意為“成縱隊(duì),成單列”;allalongtheline意為“到處,在全線上”。

句意:他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著八只松鼠沿著河邊成單列向河端的一棵大松樹走去。

5.單選題

Thematchwascanceledbecausemostofthemembers(

)amatchwithoutastandardcourt

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.objectedtohaving

B.wereobjectedtohave

C.objectedtohave

D.wereobjectedtohaving

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這場(chǎng)比賽被取消了,因?yàn)榇蟛糠殖蓡T反對(duì)在沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)場(chǎng)地的情況下比賽。

考查固定搭配。objecttodoingsth.反對(duì)做某事。

6.翻譯題

1999年,中國(guó)開始進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)。2004年年底,60歲以上的人口達(dá)到1.43億,占全國(guó)人口總數(shù)的10.97%。至此,中國(guó)成為世界上擁有最多老齡人口的國(guó)家。有專家說1990年到2033年是中國(guó)的“人口紅利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降,老齡人口還不算太多,這一時(shí)期是有助于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的。

2010年到2013年中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力人口將達(dá)到9億人,在這之后“紅利”會(huì)變成“赤字”,也就是說,這以后需要照顧的老齡人口會(huì)迅速增加。據(jù)說2030年后的二十年是中國(guó)老齡化最嚴(yán)峻的時(shí)期。因此,要做好充分準(zhǔn)備,好好利用人口紅利期來解決嚴(yán)重的老齡化問題。

有報(bào)告稱,中國(guó)是典型的成為富裕國(guó)家前就面臨老齡化社會(huì)的國(guó)家。這是長(zhǎng)期的問題,也需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能解決。中國(guó)一直堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃生育政策,人口增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)得到了有效的控制。據(jù)估計(jì),中國(guó)到2030年的總?cè)丝趯⑦_(dá)到14.65億,屆時(shí)會(huì)面臨老齡化和人口出生率下降兩大壓力,這也一定會(huì)給國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展帶來巨大的壓力。

這份報(bào)告還指出,中國(guó)在解決老齡化問題的意識(shí)、條件及法規(guī)上都嚴(yán)重滯后,因此,必須把這個(gè)問題的解決納人到未來國(guó)家發(fā)展策略中。我們要及早關(guān)注老齡化人口的醫(yī)療資源,完善社會(huì)保障體系。在老齡人口達(dá)到頂峰前,建立一個(gè)健全的國(guó)家性社會(huì)保障機(jī)制。

【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.

Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonus”willturn“demographicdeficit”,whichmeansthatcaringfortheincreasingnumberofelderlypeoplewillgrowsrapidly.ItissaidthattheworstofthecrisisforChina’sagingpopulationhitthetwentyyearsafter2030.Therefore,weshouldbewellpreparedsoastodealwiththeseriousproblemofagednessbymakingfulluseofpopulationdividend.

Chinaisthetypicalcountryfacingtheagingpopulationbeforebeingrichoneaccordingtoareport.It’sgoingtobeaperennialproblemandcouldtakealongtimetoresolve.Chinahasstucktoitsfamily-planningpolicytoefficientlycontrolthetendencyofincreasingpopulation.ItisestimatedthatChina’stotalpopulationwillreach1.465billionin2030whenthegovernmentwouldfaceanagingpopulationandadecreasedbirthrate,whichwillalsoblockthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.

Thereportalsopointsoutthatforchinathereareseriouslagsintheconsciousness,therealityofconditionsandtherelevantregulationsaboutagingpopulation,andthusweshouldputitintotheoverallnationaldevelopmentstrategiclayout.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothemedicalresourcesontheagingpopulationsasearlyaspossible,improvethesocialsafetynet,andsetuptheall-sidedguaranteeingsystembeforetheagingpopulationreachesthepeak.

7.翻譯題

Putthefollowing5sentencesintoChinese.Writethemintheproperspacesonyouranswersheet.

TheAll-ChinaFederationofWomenhasrecentlydroppedthelabelandnowrefersto‘old’unmarriedwomen—buttheleftoverexpressionremainswidelyusedelsewhere.

Theprotoplanetwouldtaketensofthousandsofyearstogrowup,andscientistshopetostudytheentityandgleaninsightsintohowitwascreatedandhowitmightevolve.

Humanlongevityhasimprovedsorapidlyoverthepastcenturythat72isthenew30,scientistshaveclaimed.Moreover,itisnolongerclearwherethepossibleouterboundariesofhumanlifestand.

Thebestwaytocleanyourglassesistorunthemunderwarmwaterandputatinydropofdishwashingdetergentonthetipofyourfingerstocreatealatheronthelens.Thenrinsewithwarmwater,anddiywithaclean,softcottoncloth.

Innovativecompaniesareledbyinnovativechiefexecutives.Theyspendtheirtimeaskingprovocativequestions,observingtheworldlikeanthropologists,networkingwithpeoplewhodon'tthink,actortalklikethem.

Ifyou'retakingrisks,andyouprobablyshould,youcanfindyourselffailing90%ofthetime.Thetrickistogetpaidwhileyou'redoingthefailingandtousetheexperiencetogainskillsthatwillbeusefullater.Weshouldbetaughtthatfailureisaprocess,notanobstacle.

Thefollowingthreebasicprocessespromisehelpwithgreatinefficiency:collectingtasksandprojectsfromallyournotebooks,calendarsandfilesintooneorganizingsystem;decidingonthenextstepsanddesiredoutcomesforeachitem;andmakingahabitoffrequentlycheckingandupdatingyourto-dosandplans.

Studiesshowthatatleasthalfofthevariationinintelligencequotientisinherited.ButwhilescientistshaveidentifiedsomegenesthatcansignificantlylowerIQinpeopleafflictedwithmentalretardation,forexampletrulyimportantgenesthataffectnormalIQvariationhaveyettobepinneddown.

Accordingtoscientists,sendingyourchildtopianoorviolinlessonsinabidtoboosttheiracademicachievementisawasteofmoney.Althoughresearchhasshownthatyoungsterswhotakemusiclessonsaremorelikelytobetopoftheirclass,psychologistGlennclaimsthislinkismisleading.

Moneymakestheworldgoround,butitisnotthekeytohappiness,accordingtootherstudies.In2008,asurveyfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundthatBritishfamilieswerehealthierandtwiceaswelloffastheywere20yearsago,butarenohappier.

【答案】中國(guó)婦聯(lián)近日己經(jīng)棄用“剩女”一詞,改用“大齡未婚女青年”,但是“剩女”一詞在其它地方還是被廣泛使用。

原行星的形成需要經(jīng)歷成千上萬年??茖W(xué)家仍希望對(duì)它展開研究,以便了解它的誕生和演變。

科學(xué)家宣稱,過去100年間人類平均壽命快速延長(zhǎng),以至于現(xiàn)在的72歲相當(dāng)于過去的30歲。另外,人類壽命的可能極限不再清晰。

清潔眼鏡的最佳方式是將其在溫水下沖洗,在指尖滴一小滴洗潔精,在鏡片上打出泡沫,然后用溫水洗凈,并用干凈柔軟的棉布擦干。

創(chuàng)新型的公司都有創(chuàng)新型的領(lǐng)袖。他們總是提出發(fā)人深省的問題,像人類學(xué)家那樣觀察世界,與思維、行事或言談跟自己不同的人交往。

如果你鋌而走險(xiǎn),而且是不得不這么干的時(shí)候,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)十有八九是要失敗的。關(guān)鍵是要在失敗的過程中積累經(jīng)驗(yàn),提升能力為將來做準(zhǔn)備。我們要明白,失敗是一個(gè)過程,而不是一個(gè)障礙。

以下三個(gè)基本過程能夠幫助改善效率極端低下的狀況:1、將所有的筆記本的任務(wù)和項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行匯總,按日歷和文件類別形成組織化系統(tǒng);2、確定每個(gè)項(xiàng)目的下一個(gè)步驟與預(yù)期結(jié)果;3、養(yǎng)成經(jīng)常檢查與更新待辦事項(xiàng)和計(jì)劃的習(xí)慣。

研究表明:至少有一半的智商的變異是遺傳的。但是科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)鑒定出可以降低智商的部分基因,例如:智力發(fā)育遲緩人群。然而,影響正常智商變化的極為重要的基因還尚未確定。

科學(xué)家稱,為了提高孩子的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)而把孩子送去學(xué)彈鋼琴或拉小提琴,純屬浪費(fèi)錢。盡管有研究顯示,學(xué)音樂的小孩更可能在班上名列前茅,但心理學(xué)家格倫指出,將這兩者聯(lián)系在一起有誤導(dǎo)性。

其他的研究則發(fā)現(xiàn),金錢讓世界運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),但不是幸福的要素。2008年,英國(guó)國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),英國(guó)家庭的健康狀況比20年前更好,收入也是20年前的兩倍,但是英國(guó)人并沒有比20年前更幸福。

8.單選題

Ifhehadknownhowtorepairthetoaster,hesurely

her.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldtell

B.wouldhavetold

C.willtell

D.tells

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)if從句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài),可判斷出主句應(yīng)該使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。句意:要是他知道怎么修理烤面包機(jī),他肯定早就告訴她了。

9.單選題

Nobodyyetknowshowlongandhowseriouslytheshakinessinthefinancialsystemwill()downtheeconomy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.put

B.settle

C.drag

D.knock

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。putdown放下;settledown安居,安定下來;dragdown向下拖,其比喻義為:使衰弱,拖垮;knockdown擊倒,拆卸。句意:沒人知道金融體系的動(dòng)蕩會(huì)拖垮經(jīng)濟(jì)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、有多嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)howlongandhowseriously可知,選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

10.單選題

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。onone’sheels是固定短語,意思是“緊隨其后”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意:小偷到處逃竄,當(dāng)?shù)鼐旄F追不舍。

11.單選題

Deserts,dryareaswith()novegetation,covermorethanone-thirdoftheEarth’sland

surface.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surprisingly

B.eventually

C.permanently

D.virtually

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:()沒有植被的沙漠和干旱地區(qū),覆蓋超過三分之一的地球陸地表面。

surprisingly令人驚奇地,令人吃驚地;eventually最終地;permanently永久地;virtually幾乎;事實(shí)上。

D項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.問答題

Atthesametime,however,someoftheseapplicationsthreatento(A)unleashforces(B)whichwehavenocontrol.Inotherwords,thenewtechnologyMannowbelievesthatallowshimtodominatethiswidercosmoscouldwellbeaFrankensteinmonsterwaitingto(C)turnonitsmaster.Thisisanentirelynewsituationthatpromisestochangemanyoftheperceptions(D)governinglifeontheplanet.

【答案】B;“which”前添加“over”。

【解析】考查定語從句。句意:然而,與此同時(shí),有些應(yīng)用可能釋放出我們無法控制的力量。換句話說,人們現(xiàn)在所相信的能讓他們統(tǒng)治這個(gè)廣闊宇宙的新技術(shù)很可能會(huì)變成一個(gè)等待著攻擊其主人的科學(xué)怪人。這是一個(gè)全新的局面,有望改變地球上許多關(guān)于生命掌控的概念。句中“which”引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞“forces”,因?yàn)槎ㄕZ從句的完整表達(dá)為“wehavenocontrolovertheforces”,所以關(guān)系代詞“which”前需添加介詞“over”共同引導(dǎo)定語從句,介詞“over”和先行詞“force”存在介賓關(guān)系。

13.翻譯題

Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultowoman.Handsomemaleexecutiveswereperceivedashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen;effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones;theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.

Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.

【答案】雖然魅力對(duì)于男性晉升是一個(gè)積極因素,但對(duì)女性卻是不利因素。人們認(rèn)為英俊的男性高管要比相貌平平的男性更正直;而且認(rèn)為他們付出的努力和自身的能力使得他們成功。有魅力的女性高管卻被認(rèn)為沒有無吸引力的高管正直,她們?nèi)〉贸晒Σ皇菤w因于能力,而是運(yùn)氣等因素。

所有無魅力的女高管要比有魅力的要正直,也更有能力。有趣的是,盡管如此,與有吸引力的女高管一夜取得成功相比,越來越多的無吸引力的女高管更多地因人際關(guān)系,較少因能力而獲得成功。

14.單選題

Ifthepolice()whentheydidtherewouldhavebeenseriousviolence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadnotsteppedin

B.didnotsteppedin

C.hadnotsteppeddown

D.didnotsteppeddown

【答案】A

【解析】語法題??疾樘摂M語氣,主句結(jié)構(gòu)為wouldhavedone,表示對(duì)過去事情的虛擬,if引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)該用haddone過去完成,選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。stepin“介入,干預(yù)”;stepdown“辭職,走下”。句意:如果警方?jīng)]有介入的話,嚴(yán)重的暴力行為可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Tothegreatdisappointmentofthepublic,thewantedinthemurdercasesofarremains().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inprison

B.infreedom

C.atease

D.atlarge

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inprison“坐牢”;infreedom“自由”;atease“安逸;自由自在”;atlarge“詳盡的;未被捕的”。前半句提到“公眾非常失望”,由此可推測(cè)是殺人犯還沒有落網(wǎng),因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.單選題

Ofvariouspartsofthespeechcontest,unplanned(

)speechisthemostdifficultpartformostcontestants.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneous

B.spontaneity

C.prepared

D.synthetic

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的,自然的”;B選項(xiàng)spontaneity“自發(fā)性,自然性”;C選項(xiàng)prepared“準(zhǔn)備好的”;D選項(xiàng)synthetic“綜合的,合成的”。由關(guān)鍵詞“unplanned無準(zhǔn)備的”可知spontaneous符合題意,句意為:在口語競(jìng)賽的不同環(huán)節(jié)中,無準(zhǔn)備即興演講對(duì)于大多數(shù)選手來說都是最難的。選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。

17.單選題

Heinsistedthathe____untiltheworkisfinished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn’trest

B.notrest

C.wouldn’trest

D.don’trest

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.didn’trest不休息B.notrest不休息

C.wouldn’trest不休息D.don’trest不休息

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】虛擬語氣。

【解題思路】這里考查insist的虛擬語氣。當(dāng)insist表示“堅(jiān)持要求/堅(jiān)持主張”,即that從句的動(dòng)作當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生的話,則賓語從句必須使用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語動(dòng)詞由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,且should可以省略。對(duì)比選項(xiàng),在這里句意為:他堅(jiān)持工作完不成就不休息。因此用insist的虛擬語氣。所以是insist+shouldnot+動(dòng)詞原形rest,should可以省略。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合虛擬語氣用法。

【句意】他堅(jiān)持直到工作完成才會(huì)休息。

18.單選題

Whenphotographinganobjectfromdifferentviewpoints,thephotographer'sperspectiveof(

)changes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofwhatisseeing

B.seeingwhat

C.itseeswhat

D.whatitsees

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格部分為介詞of的賓語,所以填入一個(gè)賓語從句。特殊疑問詞可引導(dǎo)賓語從句,并且要用陳述語序。句意:當(dāng)從不同的角度拍攝一個(gè)物體時(shí),攝影師對(duì)它所看到的東西的視覺會(huì)發(fā)生變化。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Thiskindofsongbirdsleepsmuchlessduringitsannual(),butthatdoesn’tseemtoaffectitsflying.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.migration

B.emigration

C.conveyance

D.transference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)migration“遷移;移民”;B選項(xiàng)emigration“移民;移民出境”;C選項(xiàng)conveyance“運(yùn)輸;運(yùn)輸工具”;D選項(xiàng)transference“轉(zhuǎn)移;轉(zhuǎn)讓”。句意:這種太陽鳥在一年一度的遷徙期間睡眠極度減少,但是這并不影響其飛行。由空格前的關(guān)鍵詞“annual年度的,每年的”可知“遷移”符合句意,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

20.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoEnglish.

十九世紀(jì)末,中國(guó)開始舉辦師范教育。1949年中華人民共和國(guó)成立之后,在各級(jí)政府的關(guān)心和支持下,中國(guó)師范教育進(jìn)入了前所未有的發(fā)展階段。在科學(xué)技術(shù)迅猛發(fā)展的今天,振興經(jīng)濟(jì)的希望在教育,教師隊(duì)伍的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量對(duì)教育發(fā)展具有決定性的影響。在中國(guó)這樣一個(gè)擁有世界教師總量五分之一的龐大教師隊(duì)伍的國(guó)家,人民教師的地位和作用直接關(guān)系到教育事業(yè)乃至整個(gè)國(guó)家的發(fā)展。

師范教育(teachereducation)

【答案】Attheendof19thcentury,theteachereducationbeganinChina.SincethefoundationofPeople’sRepublicofChinain1949,ithasundergoneanunprecedenteddevelopmentthankstosolicitudeandsupportofthecentralandlocalgovernmentWiththerapiddevelopmentoftechnologyandsciencenowadays,educationbecomesvitaltothegrowthofeconomy.Itsdevelopment,however,isdeterminedbythenumberanprofessionalexpertiseofteachers.Chinaownsone-fifthoftheteachersofthewholeworld,andthedevelopmentoftheeducationalissuesandeventhewholecountryaredirectlyaffectedbythestatusandfunctionoftheteachers.

21.單選題

Iphonedhimthismorning,butwhenIsaidwhoIwas,he(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rangup

B.hungup

C.shutdown

D.shutup

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。ringup意為“打電話”;hangup意為“掛斷電話”;shutdown意為“關(guān)閉,停業(yè)”;shutup意為“安靜,閉嘴”。

句意:我今天早上給他打了電話,但當(dāng)我告訴他我是誰時(shí),他掛斷了電話。

22.單選題

Whilehewasnotdumberthananox,hewasnotanysmarter;somostofhisclassmateswerelenientandhelpedhimalong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpful

B.merciful

C.enthusiastic

D.intelligent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。lenient在句中是“仁慈的,寬大的”;A選項(xiàng)helpful“有幫助的,有益的”;B選項(xiàng)merciful“仁慈的”;C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱心的,熱情的”;D選項(xiàng)intelligent“聰明的”。句意:雖然他不比牛笨,但也不比牛聰明,所以他的大多數(shù)同學(xué)都很寬容和仁慈,并給予他幫助。所以只有B項(xiàng)符合。

23.單選題

Sometimes______toplacephysicsandchemistryintoseparatecategories.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatisdifficult

B.isdifficult

C.itisdifficult

D.thatisdifficult

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意:有時(shí)很難把物理和化學(xué)分成不同類別。Itisdifficulttodosth.意為“做某事很困難”,所以C選項(xiàng)itisdifficult符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Alwayssincethecreationofcelluloid,plasticshavebeenfoundtohaveamultitudeofindustrialandcommercialuses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Always

B.plastics

C.tohave

D.amultitudeof

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)題意,A選項(xiàng)句首應(yīng)該為eversince“自從”,句意:自從發(fā)明了電影膠片,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)塑料有很多商業(yè)和工業(yè)的用途。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

25.單選題

DuringtheKing’sillness,thedoctorissued(

)twiceaday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgencies

B.emergencies

C.statements

D.bulletins

【答案】D

【解析】句意:國(guó)王生病期間,醫(yī)生每天兩次發(fā)布病情公告。選項(xiàng)A和B一般指緊急情況;statement敘述,聲明;均不符合句意。bulletins指公告,符合原文語境。

26.單選題

Weneedachairman____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forwhomeveryonehasconfidence

B.inwhomeveryonehasconfidence

C.whoeveryonehasconfidenceof

D.whomeveryonehasconfidenceon

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.forwhomeveryonehasconfidence所有人都信任B.inwhomeveryonehasconfidence所有人都信任

C.whoeveryonehasconfidenceof所有人都信任D.whomeveryonehasconfidenceon所有人都信任

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】定語從句與固定搭配

【解題思路】首先,使用confidence來表達(dá)“對(duì)某人有信心;信任某人”,其固定搭配為haveconfidenceinsb.;其次,“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),介詞的選擇由從句中位于動(dòng)詞或形容詞短語的搭配決定。因此,本題B選項(xiàng)inwhomeveryonehasconfidence“所有人都信任”符合要求。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)介詞使用不當(dāng)。

【句意】我們需要一個(gè)大家都信任的主席。

27.單選題

Myneighborsoneithersideofmehavepaintedtheirhouses,(

)ofcoursemakesmyhouselookshabbierthanitreallyis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.as

C.who

D.which

【答案】D

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。空格處所填單詞指代前面句子的內(nèi)容,即我兩邊鄰居都給他們的房子刷了漆,也就是指這件事,故排除BC兩項(xiàng)。再由空格前的逗號(hào)可知,次從句為非限制性定從,故用which引導(dǎo)。句意:我兩邊的鄰居都給他們的房子刷了漆,這讓我的房子比實(shí)際上更顯得破舊。答案D

28.翻譯題

在推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育的進(jìn)程中,宣傳輿論發(fā)揮著重大作用。它能正確地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生、家長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)各界。在教育觀念上形成共識(shí),有助于形成全社會(huì)關(guān)心、支持、參與實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育的良好環(huán)境。我們希望新聞工作者要深入學(xué)校,及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)和宣傳報(bào)道實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育的好典型、好經(jīng)驗(yàn)。作家、藝術(shù)家、教育研究工作者都要從各自的角度為推行素質(zhì)教育作出努力。這一切都是為了我們能夠培養(yǎng)出真正合格的一代新人。我想,這一點(diǎn)全社會(huì)都責(zé)無旁貸。

實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育是涉及教育方向、教育功能、教育制度以及教育內(nèi)容、方法等各個(gè)方面的綜合性改革;是涉及到價(jià)值觀念、人才觀念、教育質(zhì)量觀念等思想方面的大變革;是涉及到勞動(dòng)事制度、招生考試內(nèi)容和方法等一系列的社會(huì)性改革;是我國(guó)教育為實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變,實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略而必須進(jìn)行的具有根本性意義的重大轉(zhuǎn)變;是一項(xiàng)事關(guān)全局、影響深遠(yuǎn)和涉及社會(huì)各方面的系統(tǒng)工程?,F(xiàn)在全面推行素質(zhì)教育的客觀條件和環(huán)境已經(jīng)有所改善,但還不能說問題已經(jīng)完全解決。

【答案】Theeffortstocarryoutcharactereducationcallforcomprehensivechangesinorientation,functions,institution,contentandapproaches.Theycallforsweepingchangesinourunderstandingofvalues,talentandqualityofeducation.Theycallforsocialreformsinareassuchasworkandpersonnelsystems,aswellasthecontentandmethodsofschoolentranceexams.TheycallforfundamentalchangesineducationinChina,inordertoeffecttransformationsineconomicworkandsustainedchangesineducationandtocarryoutthestrategyofrejuvenatingthenationthroughscienceandeducation.Itisarestructuringprojectthatisofvitalimportanceandhasafar-reachinginfluenceontheoverallsituation,involvingpeoplefromallwalksoflife.Theconditionsandtheenvironmenttodayaremuchbetterforfull-fledgedcharactereducation,butthisdoesnotmeanthatalltheproblemshavebeensolved.

29.問答題

Theteachersaidthatif(A)webelievedsomethingwas(B)trueandgoodweshould(C)holdontothem(D).

【答案】試題答案:D;it

【解析】考查代詞用法。something意為“某物,某事”,其不定代詞要用單數(shù)代詞it,不能用them。

30.單選題

Tocallthemusicofanothermusic-culture"primitive"is()one’sownstandardsonagroupthatdoesnotrecognizethem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putting

B.emphasizing

C.forcing

D.imposing

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組。impose……on……“把……強(qiáng)加于……”句意:叫另一種音樂文化的樂曲為“原始的東西”,是一個(gè)處于不了解他們的人群中的人,把自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)強(qiáng)加給別人。因此可知D為正確答案。

31.單選題

Healwayshasalotof()ideasinhismind,andsometimeswedonotevenknowwhatheisthinkingabout.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.novel

B.spoil

C.acceptable

D.additional

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。novel“新奇的,異常的”;spoil“掠奪”;acceptable“可接受的”;additional“另外的”。句意:他經(jīng)常有許多新奇的想法,有時(shí)候我們甚至不知道他在想什么。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

32.單選題

Thereisageneral()thatpouringoldwineintothesamebottlesisthewrongwaytogo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consensus

B.census

C.neglected

D.negligible

【答案】A

【解析】考查。A選項(xiàng)consensus“一致,輿論,合意”;B選項(xiàng)census“人口普查,人口調(diào)查”;C選項(xiàng)neglected“被忽視的,無人照管的”;D選項(xiàng)negligible“微不足道的,可以忽略的”。句意:人們_____認(rèn)為,把陳年的酒倒進(jìn)同一個(gè)瓶子里是錯(cuò)誤的做法。這里表達(dá)的意思是“人們都普遍(一致)認(rèn)為”,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

33.單選題

Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaimforit,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty,oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction.

Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the"higherup"theconsumertakeshisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettleD.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.

Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceofpurchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.

Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscannotbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,"Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear"isbetterthan"Thisstereodoesnotwork."

Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandasfirmlyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumers5rights.

1.Whenaconsumerfindsthathispurchasehasafaultinit,thefirstthingheshoulddoisto().

2.Ifaconsumerwantsaquicksettlementofhisproblem,it'sbettertocomplainto().

3.Themosteffectivecomplaintcanbemadeby().

4.Thephrase"liveupto"(Line1,Par1)inthecontextmeans().

5.Thepassagetellsus().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complainpersonallytothemanager

B.threatentotakethemattertocourt

C.writeafirmletterofcomplainttothestoreofpurchase

D.showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ashopassist

B.astoremanager

C.themanufacturer

D.apublicorganization

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.showingthefaultyitemtothemanufacturer

B.explainingexactlywhatiswrongwiththeitem

C.sayingfirmlythattheitemisofpoorquality

D.askingpolitelytochangetheitem

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.meetthestandardof

B.realizethepurposeof

C.fulfillthedemandsof

D.keepthepromiseof

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.howtosettleaconsumer'scomplaintaboutafaultyitem

B.howtomakeaneffectivecomplaintaboutafaultyitem

C.howtoavoidbuyingafaultyitem

D.howtodealwithcomplaintsfromcustomers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaimforit,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty,oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.”中文翻譯為:“當(dāng)消費(fèi)者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己購買的物品有瑕疵或在其他方面達(dá)不到制造商所聲稱的那樣時(shí),首先應(yīng)出示在某商場(chǎng)購買某商品的相關(guān)保單、記錄或證明?!笨梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中“Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the“higherup"theconsumertakeshisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.”中文翻譯為“許多消費(fèi)者使用的一種簡(jiǎn)單而普遍的方法是直接向商店經(jīng)理投訴?!銇碚f,消費(fèi)者的投訴越高,問題就能越快得到解決?!苯Y(jié)合語境,B為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章中“Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscannotbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.”中文翻譯為“抱怨是最有效的,當(dāng)它禮貌而堅(jiān)定地進(jìn)行時(shí),尤其是當(dāng)消費(fèi)者能夠證明所涉物品有什么問題時(shí)。如果不能做到這一點(diǎn),消費(fèi)者最好通過提供具體信息來說明什么是錯(cuò)的,而不是做一般性的陳述?!笨梢缘弥狟選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.詞義猜測(cè)題。由題干可以定位到文章中“Whenaconsumerfi

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