考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川水利職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川水利職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thatisa______pointofview.Idon’tagreewithyou.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.crystal

B.protein

C.union

D.conservative

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)crystal“水晶”；B選項(xiàng)protein“蛋白質(zhì)的”；C選項(xiàng)union“聯(lián)合”；D選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”。句意：這觀點(diǎn)很______。我不同意你的看法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，D選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”搭配pointofview比較合理，意思指這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)非常保守，符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.

Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminateD.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyusingthewordeventuallyinPara.1?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof___.

4.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEXCEPT___.

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid

B.Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”

C.Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians

D.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tousereligiousthemes

B.toportrayonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.toproduceartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.tocreateworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章尾段第一句“ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.”，中文翻譯為：歐洲音樂(lè)復(fù)興與其說(shuō)是一套特定的音樂(lè)技巧，不如說(shuō)是一場(chǎng)普遍的文化運(yùn)動(dòng)和一種精神狀態(tài)?？梢耘袛郈選項(xiàng)“歐洲文藝復(fù)興是一種包括音樂(lè)風(fēng)格變化在內(nèi)的文化發(fā)展?！闭_。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵字“eventually”可以定位到原文第一段“Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.”，中文翻譯為：1855年，歷史學(xué)家朱爾斯?米歇萊(JulesMichelet)在他的《法國(guó)歷史》中首次使用了這個(gè)詞，隨后被文化歷史學(xué)家、藝術(shù)歷史學(xué)家和音樂(lè)歷史學(xué)家采用，所有這些歷史學(xué)家都在1450-1600年的150年間將其應(yīng)用于歐洲文化。關(guān)鍵詞“eventually”意為“最后；終于”因此可知A選項(xiàng)：音樂(lè)歷史學(xué)家在其他歷史學(xué)家之后才使用“文藝復(fù)興”這個(gè)詞正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“thatthinkersoftheRenaissance”可定位到原文第一段“Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.”，中文翻譯為：對(duì)這些學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著回歸人類，而不是靈魂價(jià)值。判斷C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)人類價(jià)值的文化強(qiáng)調(diào)”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A選項(xiàng)“使用宗教主題”，C選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)作出人們會(huì)覺(jué)得有吸引力的藝術(shù)作品”以及D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)作容易理解的作品”可定位到原文第二段“Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.”，中文翻譯為：藝術(shù)家和作家現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向世俗和宗教題材，力求使他們的作品易于理解和吸引人?？芍狟選項(xiàng)“只描繪人類經(jīng)歷中令人愉快的部分”未提及，符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文尾段“Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.”，中文翻譯為：此外，音樂(lè)在這一個(gè)半世紀(jì)里變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國(guó)家以不同的速度變化——我們不能定義一個(gè)單一的文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格。判斷出D選項(xiàng)“在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，音樂(lè)從未長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持不變?！闭_。

3.單選題

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether—themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth:theywouldproducecolds，catarrhs（黏膜炎）andconsumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中風(fēng)）.The

suddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetositforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthefewmodesexceptspeed.Inthematterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;theydid,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadtostandalltheway,whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic（滑稽的）press.Thiskindofthing:Amanwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonandBirminghamRailway.Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat______.

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept______.

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut_____.

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat_____.

5.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D.railwayleadstheworldtopeace

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfast

B.therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C.therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D.therailwayleadstheworldtowaraswell

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth

B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snerves

C.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs

D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Practical.

B.Satirical.

C.Humorous.

D.Exaggerated.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句，“themorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.”，可知男孩女孩們都知道，大家越是團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的機(jī)會(huì)就越大，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether—themorechancesthereareofwar.”，可知沒(méi)有人預(yù)見(jiàn)到鐵路是發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)會(huì)越來(lái)越多的原因。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句，“wouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth”，可知火車對(duì)人體健康是最危險(xiǎn)的。選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句，“Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.”，可知噪音和眩光對(duì)人的神經(jīng)有影響，選項(xiàng)B可排除。根據(jù)第二段第四句，“woulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.”，可知對(duì)人體肺部也有影響，選項(xiàng)C排除。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.”，可知人們沒(méi)有預(yù)見(jiàn)鐵路是敵軍快速移動(dòng)的一種方式，可推斷出作者提出了火車的不好，表明了自己反對(duì)鐵路的立場(chǎng)，所以他是反鐵路組織的一員。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.作者態(tài)度題。文章第二段提到了火車會(huì)對(duì)身體健康等各方面帶來(lái)危害，最后一段還舉到了一位作家對(duì)火車描述的例子，可見(jiàn)作者是運(yùn)用了諷刺的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)描寫(xiě)的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.翻譯題

SectionAEnglishtoChinese(20points)

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonyourANSWERSHEET.

IfRepublicansinCongressunitebehindDonaldTrump’sagenda,itwillnotbebecausetheyhavechangedtheirviewsoneconomics.WhateverMr.Trump’splansforbordertaxesandfiscalstimulus,mostRepublicansstillprofesstosupportfreetradeandloathegovernmentborrowing.(36)Instead,unityispossiblebecausetwoothergoalsbindthepresidentandhispartytogether.Thefirst,taxcuts,isausualpriorityfortheparty.Butthesecond,deregulation,onlyrecentlyrosetothesamestatus.Thecalltocutredtape（官樣文章，冗長(zhǎng)的法規(guī)條文）isnowanemotiverallyingcryforRepublicans—moreso,intheheartsofmanycongressmen,thanslashingdeficits.Deregulationwill,theyargue,unleasha“confidentAmerica”inwhichbusinessesthriveandwagessoar,leavingeconomists,withtheirexcusesforthe“newnormal”oflowgrowth,redfaced.Aretheyright?

(37)ThestraightforwardmotivationforRepublicans’deregulatoryagendaistheirdisdainforPresidentBarackObama’slegacy,muchofwhichwasinstalledthroughregulatoryfiat.TheAffordableCareAct,betterknownasObamacare,requiredbureaucratstowritethousandsofpagesofnewrules;theDodd-Frankfinancial-reformbilldidthesame.(38)Whenlegislationwasnotforthcoming,theexecutivebranchthrewitsweightaroundinstead.ItassertedthattheCleanAirActgaveitwide-rangingpowerstofightclimatechange,andthattheCleanWaterActletitcleanupmanymorepondsandriversthaneverbefore.

(39)Buttottingupcostsandbenefitsishardlystraightforward.Anagencywhichsupportsaregulationcanobviouslynudgethenumbersinafavorabledirection.Bureaucratsmustsometimesmakevaluejudgments.Forinstance,theObamaadministrationcountedbenefitstoforeigncountrieswhenweighinguprulestoreducecarbonemissions.

Inanycase,cost-benefitanalysisagesbadly.Withoutupdatingit,itisdifficulttoknowhowmucholdregulationsweighontheeconomy.OneMercatusworkingpaperplugsthenumberofrulesineachindustryintoacomplexmodeloftheeconomy.Itfindsthatruleswrittensince1980havedampenedgrowthbyabout0.8percentagepointsayear.

(40)Republicansliketoputaboutthatsortoffigure,butitstrikesmanyeconomistsasimplausiblylarge.Eventhosesympathetictoderegulationarehesitanttoforecastthegrowtheffectsofaregulatorybonfire,preferringtostressthebenefitsoftaxcuts.Democrats,meanwhile,arescathingabouttheideathatrollingbackregulationswouldpepuptheeconomymuch.JasonFurman,whoadvisedMr.Obama,addsupthecostsofObama-erarulesandsaysitis“impossible”toseehowyouwouldaddevenatenthofapercentagepointtogrowthbyundoingthem.(TheTrumpadministrationpromisesgrowthof3.5%-4%,upfrom1.6%in2016,partlyonthebackofderegulation.)

【答案】36.相反，由于另外兩個(gè)目標(biāo)將總統(tǒng)及其政黨緊密聯(lián)系，團(tuán)結(jié)一致很有可能。第一，減稅是共和黨一貫主張的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。但第二點(diǎn)放松管制，直到最近才上升到同樣的地位。呼吁減少繁文縟節(jié)，是共和黨人如今的一種有力戰(zhàn)斗口號(hào)——在許多國(guó)會(huì)議員的心中，它比削減赤字更有分量。

37.共和黨人放松管制議程的直接動(dòng)機(jī)是蔑視巴拉克?奧巴馬總統(tǒng)遺留政策，這其中大部分是通過(guò)監(jiān)管法令而確立的。

38.當(dāng)立法還沒(méi)有出臺(tái)時(shí)，行政部門就開(kāi)始指手畫(huà)腳，斷言被《清潔空氣法》賦予廣泛權(quán)力以應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，而因?yàn)椤肚鍧嵥ā非謇砹吮纫酝魏螘r(shí)候都多的池塘和河流。

39.但合計(jì)成本和收益并不簡(jiǎn)單。支持監(jiān)管的機(jī)構(gòu)顯然可以把數(shù)字推向有利的方向。政府官員有時(shí)必須做出主觀價(jià)值判斷。

40.雖然共和黨人總是提這種數(shù)字，但許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為這個(gè)數(shù)大得難以置信。即使那些贊同放松管制的人，也不愿去預(yù)測(cè)監(jiān)管對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響，而更愿意強(qiáng)調(diào)減稅的好處。

5.單選題

ForperplexedpolicymakersinWashington,theymeantscramblingfromonepolicytoanotherinanefforttorespondtoahighlyconfusingeconomicsituation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbed

B.puzzled

C.irritated

D.enchanted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.disturbed有精神病的，心理不正常的B.puzzled困惑的，迷惑不解的

C.irritated煩惱的，惱怒的D.enchanted中魔法的，著了魔的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】perplexed的意思為“困惑的，迷惑不解的”，修飾policymakers，指的是這些制定政策的人很困惑，自己也沒(méi)搞清楚狀況，puzzled與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】對(duì)于華盛頓困惑的決策者來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著匆忙地從一項(xiàng)政策轉(zhuǎn)向另一項(xiàng)政策，以應(yīng)對(duì)高度混亂的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)。

6.單選題

Thelittlegirlisignorant（）thebasicrulesofEnglishgrammar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.of

C.with

D.against

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。ignorantof意為“不知道,不了解”，為固定搭配。選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttotherulersbyancientwriters,whorelatehowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregivenChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.Theparableofthissemi-animal,semi-humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnatures,andthatonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.

Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist.Ifmenwereallgood,thisperceptwouldnotbeagoodone;butastheyarebad,andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegitimategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishestoshowcolorableexcusefortheunfulfilmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andalsohowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanpromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthemselvesbetodeceived.

26.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat______.

27.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates______.

28.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare______.

29.Thefox,inthepassage,is______.

30.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thetruthmakesmenfree

B.peoplecanprotectthemselves

C.princesarehuman

D.leadershavetobeconsistent

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.anyoneinpower

B.electedofficials

C.aristocrats

D.sonsofkings

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tootrusting

B.reliantonforce

C.strongandpowerful

D.lackinginintelligence

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhiswiles

D.consideredworthless

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.followthetruth

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat______.26.作者不相信_(tái)_____。

A.thetruthmakesmenfreeA.真理使人自由

B.peoplecanprotectthemselvesB.人們可以保護(hù)自己

C.princesarehumanC.王子是人類

D.leadershavetobeconsistentD.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須始終如一

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】本文主要論述了人類斗爭(zhēng)方式和野獸斗爭(zhēng)方式的相同和異同之處。作者認(rèn)為bylaw（法律）是人類所用的斗爭(zhēng)方式，byforce（武力）是動(dòng)物采用的斗爭(zhēng)方式，而從第二段對(duì)王子的描述可以看出，王子們只會(huì)themethodoffightingbyforce（用武力對(duì)抗的方法）；綜合理解，可推斷作者認(rèn)為王子不屬于人這一類。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“真理使人自由”和B選項(xiàng)“人們可以保護(hù)自己”沒(méi)提及，無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須始終如一”與原文相反，作者認(rèn)為作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，應(yīng)該要很好的偽裝自己，該項(xiàng)反向干擾。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates______.27.“王子”在文中指的是______。

A.anyoneinpowerA.有權(quán)利的人

B.electedofficialsB.民選官員

C.aristocratsC.貴族

D.sonsofkingsD.國(guó)王的兒子

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】通讀全文可知，由第一段的第二和第三句“因此，一個(gè)王子有必要知道如何使用獸和人。這是古代作家秘密教導(dǎo)統(tǒng)治者的（taughttotherulers）……”可知，文章中的“王子”是指領(lǐng)導(dǎo)別人的人，結(jié)合第二段，該段講述了王子應(yīng)該模仿狐貍和獅子，像野獸一樣行事，第三句提到“所以一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的統(tǒng)治者（aprudentruler）不應(yīng)當(dāng)守信，因?yàn)槭匦庞袚p于他的利益，使他約束自己的理由也不存在了”，綜上所述推斷，“princes”指的是有權(quán)利的統(tǒng)治者。該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“民選官員”、C選項(xiàng)“貴族”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這兩項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“國(guó)王的兒子”，文章中用的是比喻的手法，將prince比作ruler，并不是表示國(guó)王的兒子，所以該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare______.28.獅子代表的是______的人。

A.tootrustingA.太相信別人

B.reliantonforceB.依賴武力

C.strongandpowerfulC.強(qiáng)有力的

D.lackinginintelligenceD.缺乏智慧

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“……獅子無(wú)法保護(hù)自己不受陷阱的傷害，狐貍也無(wú)法保護(hù)自己不受狼的傷害”，這是獅子和狐貍的鮮明對(duì)比，獅子不能躲過(guò)陷阱，而狐貍逃脫不了被狼襲擊的命運(yùn)，故我們能看出獅子是靠自己的力量。因此，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“太相信別人”、C選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)有力的”和D選項(xiàng)“缺乏智慧”與原文不符，曲解原文。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Thefox,inthepassage,is______.29.根據(jù)文章，狐貍______。

A.admiredforhistrickeryA.因詭計(jì)多端而受到稱贊

B.nomatchforthelionB.不是獅子的對(duì)手

C.pitiedforhiswilesC.因詭計(jì)多端而令人同情

D.consideredworthlessD.被認(rèn)為一文不值

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“……獅子無(wú)法保護(hù)自己不受陷阱的傷害，狐貍也無(wú)法保護(hù)自己不受狼的傷害”，這是獅子和狐貍的鮮明對(duì)比，獅子不能躲過(guò)陷阱，而狐貍能躲過(guò)陷阱和圈套，故狐貍在這篇文章中因?yàn)橛杏?jì)謀而受到稱贊。因此，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“不是獅子的對(duì)手”在文中并沒(méi)有對(duì)它們進(jìn)行比較，而是作對(duì)比，曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“因詭計(jì)多端而令人同情”推斷錯(cuò)誤，與原文表述不符，曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“被認(rèn)為一文不值”沒(méi)提到，無(wú)中生有。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust______.30.作者建議一個(gè)成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須______。

A.beprudentandfaithfulA.謹(jǐn)慎和忠誠(chéng)

B.cheatandlieB.欺騙和撒謊

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactionsC.有原則來(lái)指導(dǎo)他的行動(dòng)

D.followthetruthD.遵循真理

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段后部分的內(nèi)容：一個(gè)王子想要為他未實(shí)現(xiàn)諾言找個(gè)冠冕堂皇的借口，他的正當(dāng)理由也從來(lái)沒(méi)有落空過(guò)。關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，我們可以舉出無(wú)數(shù)的例子，也可以舉出多少次和平被破壞，人們的諾言如何因君主的不忠誠(chéng)（thefaithlessnessofprinces）而變得毫無(wú)價(jià)值，那些最能模仿狐貍的人也最成功。但是，必須能夠很好地偽裝這一性格，成為一個(gè)偉大的偽裝者和掩飾者，而人們是如此的單純和樂(lè)意服從，以至于欺騙人的人（theonewhodeceives）總是會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些允許自己被欺騙的人。從這里我們可以知道，一個(gè)成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須要能夠偽裝自己，具備欺騙和說(shuō)謊兩種能力，故B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎和忠誠(chéng)”與原文相反，反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“有原則來(lái)指導(dǎo)他的行動(dòng)”和D選項(xiàng)“遵循真理”沒(méi)提及，無(wú)中生有。

8.單選題

Thepolice[A]haddecidednottoproceedwithaprosecutionagainstIrwin,[B]clearlyrecognizingthatitwashighlyunlikelythatanyjuryintheland[C]wouldwishtopunishhimfordoingsomethingthatdoctorshavelongdoneinthefinalmomentsofa[D]patient’sorfriend’slives.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.haddecided

B.clearlyrecognizing

C.wouldwish

D.patient’sorfriend’slives

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞用法。D選項(xiàng)處apatient’s和afriend’s中間是or，因此后面的life為單數(shù)形式，應(yīng)把lives改為life。

9.單選題

Youmayeithersowwheatinrowsorbroadcastit,（）wayyoudoit;itisagoodthingtobreakupthesoilafterseeding.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.whenever

C.however

D.whichever

【答案】D

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：你可以成排的播種或散播小麥。但無(wú)論是哪種方式，播種后最好都要松松土。A選項(xiàng)為“無(wú)論什么”；B選項(xiàng)為“無(wú)論何時(shí)”，而從句主語(yǔ)為way，故可排除A和B。C項(xiàng)表示“無(wú)論如何”，是副詞。D選項(xiàng)whichever可以單獨(dú)使用或加一個(gè)名詞。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Manycountriesarefacingthequestionofhowto（

）thebestofmodemtechnologywithoutlosingthebenefitsoftheirtraditionalwayoflife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assimilate

B.utilize

C.extinguish

D.elude

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Assimilate“同化”；utilize“利用”；extinguish“熄火，壓制”；elude“避開(kāi)，逃避”。句意：許多國(guó)家都面臨著如何在不喪失其傳統(tǒng)生活方式的好處的情況下，充分利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Apersonwithhishead-in-the-cloudsisadreamer;（

）mindisnotintherealworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.that

C.whose

D.ofwhom

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法。前后各有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞部分，因此空格處需要填入關(guān)聯(lián)詞。后半句空格后是名詞mind，是主語(yǔ)的一部分，因此只能填入C選項(xiàng)whose修飾，后半句是由whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞dreamer，整句句意：想入非非的人是夢(mèng)想家，他的意識(shí)并不存在于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中。

12.單選題

Couldyoupossibly（）meatthenextcommitteemeeting?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeupwith

B.makeupfor

C.doawaywith

D.standinfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)。comeupwith“提出，想出”；makeupfor“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”；doawaywith“廢除，去掉”；standinfor“代替”。將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入空格處只有選項(xiàng)D符合。

13.單選題

Thisproblemshouldbediscussedfirst,forittakes（）overalltheotherissues.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precedence

B.prosperity

C.presumption

D.probability

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。takeprecedence優(yōu)先，具有/獲得優(yōu)先權(quán)。句意：應(yīng)該首先討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樗鼉?yōu)先于所有問(wèn)題。prosperity繁榮，成功；presumption放肆，傲慢；probalility概率，幾率。答案A。

14.單選題

（

）tellermachineshavereducedtheneedforbankvisitstoobtaincashandcarryout

transactions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Correlated

B.Automated

C.Incorporated

D.Prototyped

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。correlated意為“相互關(guān)系的”；automated意為“自動(dòng)化的”；incorporated意為“組成公司的”；prototyped意為“原型的”。

句意：自動(dòng)取款機(jī)減少了去銀行提取現(xiàn)金和進(jìn)行交易的需要。

15.單選題

（

）excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoodshasseriousconsequencesashasbeenproved.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoretically

B.Presumably

C.Incredibly

D.Practically

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)theoretically“理論地，理論上”；B選項(xiàng)presumably“據(jù)推測(cè)，很可能，大概”；C選項(xiàng)incredibly“極其，難以置信地”；D選項(xiàng)practically“實(shí)際上，幾乎，差不多”。由ashasbeenproved（如已證實(shí)的那樣）可知前面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是一種猜測(cè)比較符合邏輯，即證實(shí)推測(cè)。句意：據(jù)推測(cè)，過(guò)度食用油炸食品會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重后果，這已被證實(shí)。

16.單選題

Nowthecheersandapplause____inasinglesustainedroar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mingled

B.concentrated

C.assembled

D.permeated

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.mingled混合；（在社交場(chǎng)合）相交往B.concentrated集中（注意力）

C.assembled聚集；集合D.permeated滲透；彌漫

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：現(xiàn)在，歡呼聲和掌聲……在一聲持續(xù)的吼叫中。根據(jù)句意，在吼叫中，歡呼聲和掌聲是混合在一起的。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)concentrated“集中（注意力）”，不符合句意；

C選項(xiàng)assembled“聚集；集合”，多指作為一個(gè)團(tuán)體聚集在一起；把人或物聚集在一起。該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境；

D選項(xiàng)permeated“滲透；彌漫”指液體、氣體等滲透；彌漫，不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】現(xiàn)在，歡呼聲和掌聲匯成了一聲經(jīng)久不息的吼聲。

17.單選題

Theoldhouseattheendofthestreethasrecentlybeen（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pulled

B.leveled

C.erased

D.demolished

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pulled“拉；牽引”；B選項(xiàng)leveled“瞄準(zhǔn)；拉平”；C選項(xiàng)erased“抹去；擦掉”；D選項(xiàng)demolished“拆毀；破壞”。句意：街尾的那座老房子最近被……了。句中的oldhouse“老房子”最近被拆遷了。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Myfatherwas,Iamsure,intendedbynaturetobeacheerful,kindlyman.Untilhewasthirty-fouryearsoldheworkedasafarmhandforamannamedThomasButterworthwhoseplacelaynearthetownofBidwell,Ohio.HehadthenahorseofhisownandonSaturdayeveningsdroveintotowntospendafewhoursinsocialintercoursewithotherfarmhands…Atteno’clockFatherdrovehomealongalonelycountryroad,madehishorsecomfortableforthenightandhimselfwenttobed,quitehappyinhispositioninlife.Hehadatthattimenonotionoftryingtoriseintheworld.

Itwasinthespringofhisthirty-fifthyearthatFathermarriedmymother,thenacountryschoolteacher,andinthefollowingspringIcamewrigglingandcryingintotheworld.Somethinghappenedtothetwopeople.Theybecameambitious.TheAmericanpassionforgettingupintheworldtookpossessionofthem.

ItmayhavebeenthatMotherwasresponsible.Beingaschoolteachershehadnodoubtreadbooksandmagazines.Shehad,Ipresume,readofhowGarfield,LincolnandotherAmericansrosefrompovertytofameandgreatnessandasIlaybesideher—inthedaysofherlying-in—shemayhavedreamedthatIwouldsomedayrulemenandcities.Atanyrate,sheinducedFathertogiveuphisplaceasafarmhand,sellhishorseandembarkonanindependententerpriseofhisown…

Thefirstventureintowhichthetwopeoplewentturnedoutbadly.TheyrentedtenacresofpoorstonylandonGrigg’sRoad,eightmilesfromBidwell,andlaunchedintochickenraising.Igrewintoboyhoodontheplaceandgotmyfirstimpressionsoflifethere.Fromthebeginningtheywereimpressionsofdisasterandif,inmyturn,Iamagloomymaninclinedtoseethedarkersideoflife,Iattributedittothefactthatwhatshouldhavebeenformethehappyjoyousdaysofchildhoodwerespentonachickenfarm.

Oneunversedinsuchmaterscanhavenonotionofthemanyandtragicthingsthatcanhappentoachicken.ItisbornoutofanegglivesforafewweeksasatinyfluffythingsuchasyouwillseepicturedonEastercards,thenbecomeshideouslynaked,eatsquantitiesofcornandmealboughtbythesweatofyourfather’sbrow,getsdiseasescalledpip,choleraandothernames,standslookingwithstupideyesatthesun,becomessickanddies.Afewhensandnowandthenarooster,intendedtoserveGod’smysteriousends,strugglethroughtomaturity.Thehenslayeggsoutofwhichcomeotherchickensandthedreadfulcycleisthusmadecomplete.Itisallunbelievablycomplex.Mostphilosophersmusthavebeenraisedonchickenfarms.Onehopesforsomuchfromachickenandissodreadfullydisillusioned.Smallchickensjustsettingoutonthejourneyoflife,looksobrightandalertandtheyareinfactsodreadfullystupid.Theyaresomuchlikepeopletheymixoneupinone’sjudgmentsoflife.Ifdiseasedoesnotkillthemtheywaituntilyourexpectationsarethoroughlyarousedandthenwalkunderthewheelsofawag…InlaterlifeIhaveseenhowaliteraturehasbeenbuiltuponthesubjectoffortunestobemadeoutoftheraisingofchickensDonotbeledastraybyit.Itwasnotwrittenforyou.GohuntforgoldonthefrozenhillsofAlaska,putyourfaithinthehonestyofapolitician,believeifyouwillthattheworldisdail