考研考博-英語-大連商務職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連商務職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ourmultimillionnerve-cellcentralnervoussystemhasitsrootsinthescatterednervecellsoftiny,lowlyorganismsthatlivedinwaterhalfabillionyearsago.Nervecellsevidentlyfirstappearedincoelenterates—“hollow-gutted”organismslikethehydraandtheseaanemone.Acoelenterate’snervenetworklacksanykindofcentralizedcontrol.Thisprobablybeganwithflatworms--thefirstcreaturetopossessahead.

Specializedsensecellshelpflatwormsrespondmoreflexiblythanseaanemonestooutsidestimuli.Butlikemostanimalswithoutabackbone,flatwormsactalmostbyinstinctandreflex.

Intelligentbehaviorremainedimpossibleuntiltheappearanceofrelativelybig,complextypesofbrain—thetypeswefindamongthebackbonedanimasorvertebrates.Thetiniestfishhasalargerbrainthanthelargestinsect.Butthedevelopmentofafish'sthree-partbrainreflectsthatbeast’sunintellectualpriorities.Muchoftheforebraindealsonlywithsmell.Themidbrainhandlesvisionandthehindbrainbalance.

Withearlymammalsthebraingrewlargerandmorecomplex.Sensecoordinationshiftedfromthemidbraintotheforebrain,adevelopingstructurecappedbyfoldedcerebrumtohandlememoryandlearning.Meanwhilethehindbraingainedalargecerebellumtocoordinatecomplicatedmovements.

Advancedmammalssuchasmonkeys,apesandhuman(theprimates)havebrainsderivedfromancestorsthattooktolivinginthetrees,wherevisionmatteredmorethansmell.Accordinglytheoncebig“smell’’partoftheforebraingrewsmaller,whilethepartthathandlesvisiongrewmuchlarger.

1.Withwhattopicisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

2.Thehydraisakindof（）.

3.Inthelastparagraph,thephrase“tookto”couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinsectsdonothave（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whathelpstocoordinatethecomplexphysicalactivityofamammal?

問題1選項

A.Thesensoryorgansofinvertebrates.

B.Theanatomyoftinyorganisms

C.Theoriginofthebrainandcentralnervoussystem.

D.Theimportanceofvisionforfishandadvancedanimals.

問題2選項

A.flatworm

B.coelenterate

C.seaanemone

D.nervecell

問題3選項

A.began

B.fledto

C.carriedto

D.becamefriendlytoward

問題4選項

A.brains

B.backbones

C.nervecells

D.reflexes

問題5選項

A.Thecerebellum

B.Theforebrain

C.Thecerebrum

D.Themidbrain

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章主要講中樞神經系統(tǒng)和大腦的起源，因此C項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。根據題干關鍵詞hydra定位至第一段“hollow-gutted”organismslikethehydraandtheseaanemone”(諸如水螅和?？惹荒c動物)。由此可知，B項“腔腸動物”正確。

第3題:詞義題。對于短語“tookto”的理解可參考句子:Advancedmammalssuchasmonkeys,apesandhuman(theprimates)havebrainsderivedfromancestorsthattooktolivinginthetrees(先進的哺乳動物，如猴子、猿和人類（靈長類動物）的大腦是由祖先進化而來的，它們…在樹上生活)，taketo本意為“開始從事”。

第4題:判斷推理題。第三段指出:Thetiniestfishhasalargerbrainthanthelargestinsect(最微小的魚相比最大的昆蟲有更大的頭腦)。由此可知，A項“大腦”正確。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。題干為:由文章可知，什么有助于協(xié)調哺乳動物復雜的身體活動?倒數第二段指出:Meanwhilethehindbraingainedalargecerebellumtocoordinatecomplicatedmovements(同時，后腦獲得了巨大的小腦來協(xié)調復雜的運動)。由此可知A項“小腦”正確。

2.單選題

Theyareexperimentingwith"phytotherapy,"orplantandherb-based_______,toamelioratehotflashes,sleeplessness,andmore.

問題1選項

A.remedies

B.renovates

C.embellishes

D.modifies

【答案】A

【解析】remedy補救,治療法;renovate革新,修復;embellish修飾;modify修改。句意：他們正在試驗“植物療法”,即以植物和草藥為基礎的療法,用來緩解潮熱、失眠等癥狀。選項A符合句意。

3.單選題

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

問題1選項

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。blatant“喧囂的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“顯而易見的”。句意：毫無疑問，不誠實或秘密獲取的信息通常是壓倒性的證據，表明這種信息是機密的，不屬于辯護人員技能和知識的一部分。選項B符合題意。

4.單選題

ManufacturingisChina’smostimportanteconomicactivity,（）over30percentoftheworkforce.

問題1選項

A.including

B.engaging

C.approximating

D.accounting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辦析。四個選項的意思分別是:including包含，包括；engaging聘用，雇用；approximating近似，接近；accounting記述，報告。句意:制造業(yè)是中國最重要的經濟活動，雇傭了超過30%的勞動力。本題考查的是分詞短語作狀語，根據句意可推出正確答案是B。

5.單選題

Humanmigration:thetermisvague.Whatpeopleusuallythinkofisthepermanentmovementofpeoplefromonehometoanother.Morebroadly,though,migrationmeansalltheways—fromtheseasonaldriftofagriculturalworkerswithinacountrytotherelocationofrefugeesfromonecountrytoanother.

Migrationisbig,dangerous,compelling.Itis60millionEuropeansleavinghomefromthe16thtothe20thcenturies.Itissome15millionHindus,Skihs,andMuslimssweptupinatumultuousshuffleofcitizensbetweenIndiaandPakistanafterthepartitionofthesubcontinentin1947.

Migrationisthedynamicundertowofpopulationchange:everyone’ssolution,everyone’sconflict.Asthecenturyturns,migration,withitsinevitableeconomicandpoliticalturmoil,hasbeencalled“oneofthegreatestchallengesofthecomingcentury.”

Butitismuchmorethanthat.Itis,ashasalwaysbeen,thegreatadventureofhumanlife.Migrationhelpedcreatehumans,droveustoconquertheplanet,shapedoursocieties,andpromisestoreshapethemagain.

“Youhaveahistorybookwritteninyourgenes,”saidSpencerWells.Thebookhe’stryingtoreadgoesbacktolongbeforeeventhefirstwordwaswritten,anditisastoryofmigration.

Wells,atall,blondgeneticistatStanfordUniversity,spentthesummerof1998exploringremotepartsofTranscaucasiaandCentralAsiawiththreecolleaguesinaLandRover,lookingfordropsofblood.Intheblood,donatedbythepeoplehemet,hewillsearchforthestorythatgeneticmarkerscantellofthelongpathshumanlifehastakenacrosstheEarth.Geneticstudiesarethelatesttechniqueinalongeffortofmodernhumanstofindoutwheretheyhavecomefrom.Buthoweverthepathsaretraced,thebasicstoryissimple:peoplehavebeenmovingsincetheywerepeople.Ifearlyhumanshadn’tmovedandintermingledasmuchastheydid,theyprobablywouldhavecontinuedtoevolveintodifferentspecies.FrombeginningsinAfrica,mostresearchersagree,groupsofhunter-gatherersspreadout,driventotheendsoftheEarth.

TodemographerKingsleyDavis,twothingsmademigrationhappen.First,humanbeings,withtheirtoolsandlanguage,couldadapttodifferentconditionswithouthavingtowaitforevolutiontomakethemsuitableforanewniche.Second,aspopulationsgrew,culturesbegantodiffer,andinequalitiesdevelopedbetweengroups.Thefirstfactorgaveusthekeystothedoorofanyroomontheplanet;theothergaveusreasonstousethem.

Overthecenturies,asagriculturespreadacrosstheplanet,peoplemovedtowardplaceswheremetalwasfoundandworkedandtocentersofcommercethatthenbecomecities.Thoseplaceswere,inturn,invadedandoverrunbypeoplelatergenerationscalledbarbarians.

Inbetweenthesestormsurgesweresteadierbutsimilarlyprofoundfidesinwhichpeoplemovedouttocolonizeorwerecapturedandbroughtinasslaves.ForawhilethepopulationofAthens,thatcityoflegendaryenlightenmentwasasmuchas35percentslaves.

“Whatstrikesmeishowimportantmigrationisasacauseandeffectinthegreatworldevents.”MarkMiller,co-authorofTheAgeofMigrationandaprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniversityofDelaware,toldmerecently.

Itisdifficulttothinkofanygreateventsthatdidnotinvolvemigration.Religionsspawnedpilgrimsorsettlers;warsdroverefugeesbeforethemandmadenewlandavailablefortheconquerors;politicalupheavalsdisplacedthousandsormillions;economicinnovationsdrewworkersandentrepreneurslikemagnets;environmentaldisasterslikefamineordiseasepushedtheirbedraggledsurvivorsanywheretheycouldreplanthope.“It’spartofournature,thismovement,”Millersaid,“It’sjustafactofthehumancondition.”

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.AccordingtoKingsleyDavis,migrationoccursasaresultofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

3.WhichofthefollowinggroupsisNOTmentionedasmigrantsinthepassage?

4.Thereseemstobea(n)______relationshipbetweengreateventsandmigration.

問題1選項

A.Migrationexertsagreatimpactonpopulationchange.

B.MigrationcontributestoMankind’sprogress.

C.Migrationbringsaboutdesirableandundesirableeffects

D.Migrationmaynotbeaccompaniedbyhumanconflicts.

問題2選項

A.humanadaptability

B.humanevolution

C.culturaldifferences

D.inter-groupinequalities

問題3選項

A.Farmers.

B.Workers.

C.Settlers.

D.Colonizers.

問題4選項

A.loose

B.indefinite

C.causal

D.remote

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“下列哪個陳述是不正確的？”。根據第三段第一句Migrationisthedynamicundertowofpopulationchange:everyone’ssolution,everyone’sconflict.（移民是人口變化的動態(tài)的潛在影響：每個人的解決方案，每個人的沖突）可知，A項“人口遷移對人口變化有很大的影響”正確，而D項“移民可能不會伴隨著人類沖突”與原文不符；由第三段最后一句Asthecenturyturns,migration,withitsinevitableeconomicandpoliticalturmoil,hasbeencalled“oneofthegreatestchallengesofthecomingcentury.”（隨著世紀之交的到來，移民及其不可避免的經濟和政治動蕩被稱為“下個世紀最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一”）以及第四段最后一句Migrationhelpedcreatehumans,droveustoconquertheplanet,shapedoursocieties,andpromisestoreshapethemagain.（移民幫助創(chuàng)造了人類，驅使我們征服這個星球，塑造了我們的社會，并有望再次重塑它們）可知，B項“移民有助于人類的進步”和C項“移民帶來了有利和不利的影響”都符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據KingsleyDavis的說法，移民的發(fā)生是由于以下原因，除了……”。根據文章第七段TodemographerKingsleyDavis,twothingsmademigrationhappen.First,humanbeings,withtheirtoolsandlanguage,couldadapttodifferentconditionswithouthavingtowaitforevolutiontomakethemsuitableforanewniche.Second,aspopulationsgrew,culturesbegantodiffer,andinequalitiesdevelopedbetweengroups.（在人口統(tǒng)計學家KingsleyDavis看來，有兩件事促成了移民的發(fā)生。首先，人類可以用他們的工具和語言來適應不同的環(huán)境，而不必等待進化使他們適應新的環(huán)境。其次，隨著人口的增長，文化開始出現(xiàn)差異，不同群體之間的不平等也在發(fā)展。）可知，移民發(fā)生的原因包括人類的適應性和文化的差異以及不同群體之間的不平等，A項“人類的適應能力”、C項“文化差異”和D項“部落之間的不平等”都是其中的原因，只有B項“人類進化”未提及。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“下列哪個群體在文章中沒有提到是移民？”。最后一段講述了幾起重大事件引起的人口遷移：Religionsspawnedpilgrimsorsettlers;warsdroverefugeesbeforethemandmadenewlandavailablefortheconquerors;politicalupheavalsdisplacedthousandsormillions;economicinnovationsdrewworkersandentrepreneurslikemagnets;environmentaldisasterslikefamineordiseasepushedtheirbedraggledsurvivorsanywheretheycouldreplanthope.（宗教催生了朝圣者或定居者；戰(zhàn)爭把難民趕到了他們面前，為征服者提供了新的土地；政治動蕩使成千上萬人流離失所；經濟創(chuàng)新像磁鐵一樣吸引著工人和企業(yè)家；像饑荒或疾病這樣的環(huán)境災難把他們臟兮兮的生還者推到任何他們可以重新種植希望的地方。），由此可知，B項“工人”、C項“定居者”和D項“殖民者”都是移民的群體，只有A項“農民”沒有被提到。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“在重大事件和移民之間似乎有一個……的關系”。根據倒數第二段“Whatstrikesmeishowimportantmigrationisasacauseandeffectinthegreatworldevents.”MarkMiller,co-authorofTheAgeofMigrationandaprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniversityofDelaware,toldmerecently.（特拉華大學政治學教授、《移民時代》的合著者MarkMiller最近告訴我：“讓我震驚的是，移民和世界重大事件是因果關系?！保┛芍珻項“因果”正確；A項“松散的”、B項“不確定的”和D項“遙遠的”都不準確。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

6.單選題

“Oh,I’mtoosleepytostudy.”“Well,ifyou（）thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'thavebeensosleepy.”

問題1選項

A.didn’twatch

B.haven’twatched

C.haven’twatched

D.hadn’twatched

【答案】D

【解析】語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。分析題干可知ifyou（）thatlatemovielastnight是if引導的條件狀語從句，從主句部分的wouldn’thavebeen可知此句是對過去事實的虛擬，因此從句部分應用had+過去分詞形式，故選D項。句意：“哦，我太困了不能學習?！薄！班?，如果你昨晚沒有觀看那個晚場的電影的話，你不會如此困。”

7.單選題

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram...onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey’lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox.”saysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardConnerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia’sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybetimeforusto...letthe(Michigan)votersdecideiftheywanttouseraceasafactorinadmissions.”Connerlysaid.

Meanwhile,U.S.EducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush’sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction,saidtheDepartmentofEducationwill“continueexaminingandhighlightingeffectiverace-neutralapproachestoensurebroadaccesstoanddiversitywithinourpublicinstitutions”.EvenSupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connor,inoneoftheopinions,recommendedthatstateslookforlessonsinrace-neutralprogramsbeingtriedinCaliforniaandelsewhere.Whiletherulingsaidadmissionsofficialsmayconsiderraceintheselectionprocess,collegesanduniversitiesarenotobligatedtodoso.“Ultimatelyinthedebate,diversityisachoice,notalegalmandate.”saysArthurColeman,aformerDepartmentofEducationofficialwhonowhelpscollegesanduniversitiesensureconstitutionalpolicies.

Thepublic,too,remainsconflicted,largelyalongraciallines.AccordingtoaJanuarypollbythenonprofitresearchorganizationPublicAgenda,79%ofAmericanssaiditisimportantforcollegestohavearaciallydiversestudentbody,whilejust54%saidaffirmativeactionprogramsshouldcontinue.InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.AndsomeeducatorsdoubtthatwithMonday’sruling,thoseopposingaffirmativeactionwillchangetheirminds.

Fornow,admissionsofficialsanduniversitylawyersareporingovertherulingtodeterminehoworwhethertoadjustpolicies.Whilemosttendtobeclosed-mouthedaboutadmissionspolicies,manysaytheydon’texpectsignificantchanges.

1.Whatthecriticssaidinthefirstparagraphamountstotheideathat________.

問題1選項

A.noadmissionpoliciesbasedonraceshouldbeimplemented

B.minorityapplicantsshouldbegivenfavorableconsiderations

C.differentstandardsforadmittingminoritystudentsshouldbesetup

D.selectivecollegesanduniversitiesshouldbepunishedfortheirdiscriminatorypolicies

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。

找句內線索

根據題干定位到第一段最后一句We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram…onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.（我們談論……只適用于少數族裔的招生、獎學金等項目，或在這些方面錄取標準的不同。），可知批評人士認為針對少數族裔，錄取標準應當不同，C選項“錄取少數種族學生的標準應該不同”正確。

排除干擾項

A選項“不應執(zhí)行基于種族考慮的錄取政策”：他們認為少數族裔的錄取標準應該不同，參考了種族因素，屬于反向干擾。

B選項“少數民族申請人應當優(yōu)先考慮”：錄取標準不同不等于優(yōu)先考慮，屬于過度推斷。

D選項“名牌大學應該因為他們的歧視性政策而受到懲罰”：根據第一段第一、二句theSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.（最高法院周一的裁決支持多元化學生群體的目標。高等教育領袖們對這一決定表示了極大的歡迎，稱這再次肯定了名牌大學所采用的政策。），可知名牌大學沒有歧視行為，屬于反向干擾。

8.單選題

Anetworkofminiaturetoxindetectorshasbeen（

）in30Americancitiesforthesakeofbio-security.

問題1選項

A.deployed

B.committed

C.indulged

D.immersed

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。A選項deploy“部署，有效利用”；B選項commit“犯罪，保證”;C選項indulge“沉溺”；D選項immerse“沉浸，陷入”；根據主語‘Anetworkofminiaturetoxindetectors微型毒素探測器網絡’確定A選項正確。

9.單選題

Hebroughtanentirelynewlevelofstyleandsophisticationtojazzmusic.Althoughagiftedpianoplayer,DukeEllingtonusedtheorchestraashisprincipalinstrument.Heconsideredhimselfacomposerandarrangerratherthanjustamusician,likeJellyRollMortonbeforehim.

Itwasin1917whenDukebeganplayingmusicprofessionallyinWashington,D.C.StridepianoplayerslikeJamesP?JohnsonandWillie“TheLion”Smithinfluencedhispianotechnique.DukeledabandcalledTheWashingtonians,whichplayedatTheHollywoodClubinManhattan(theclubwaslaterrenamedastheKentuckyClub).ThisbandacquiredastyleallitsownwhentrumpetplayerBubberMileyjoinedit,bringingwithhimhisuniqueplunger-mutestyleofplaying.Calledthe“JungleSound，”thissoundcametobelargelyresponsibleforEllington’searlysuccess.AgoodexampleofthisstyleofplayingisthesongEastSt.LouisToodle-Oo.In1924，thegrouprecordedtheirfirstalbum,ChooChoo(GottaHurryHomeandRainyNights(RainyDays)).However,thebanddidn’thitthebigtimeuntilafterIrvingMillsbecametheirmanagerandpublisherin1926.In1927,thebandre-recordedversionsofEastSt.LouisToodle-Oo,thendebutedtwosongsthatwouldbeassociatedwithDukefortherestofhiscareer,BlackandTanFantasyandCreoleLoveCall.

Ellington’sOrchestra,unlikemanyofitscontemporaries,wasabletomakethetransitionfrom1920shotjazzto1930sswingmusic.Onesongitplayed,ItDon’tMeanaThing(IfItAin’tGotThatSwing),evencametodefinetheera.WhatkepttheEllingtonOrchestraamajorforceinjazzwasthisveryabilitytoadaptandgrowwiththetimes.

ThefameandinfluenceofEllingtoncontinuedtogrowthroughoutthe40sand50s.HisbandcontinuedtocomeupwithjazzstandardslikeTakethe‘A’Train,Perdido,the4C’JamBlues,andSatinDollDukewroteseveralreligiouspiecesinthe1960s.HealsocomposedTheFarEastSuite,thenalsocollaboratedwithahighlydiversegroupofjazzmusicians,amongthemCharlesMingusandMaxRoachwithwhomheplayedatrio.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,DukeEllingtonworkedasallofthefollowingEXCEPTasa（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorofthispassagemostprobablyagreewith?

4.AllofthefollowingstatementsaboutDukeEllingtonaretrueEXCEPT（）.

問題1選項

A.thelifeofDukeEllington

B.theshiftfromjazztoswingmusic

C.themusicofDukeEllington

D.thedevelopmentofjazzmusic

問題2選項

A.bandleader

B.singer

C.bandmanager

D.composer

問題3選項

A.DukeEllington’sresistancetochangecausedthecollapseofhismusicalcareer.

B.DukeEllingtondidmostofhisjazzcompositionsincollaborationwithothers.

C.DukeEllington’sclassicalcompositionsarehisgreatestcontributiontomusic.

D.DukeEllington’ssophisticatedmusicalstylegreatlyinfluencedthejazzgenre.

問題4選項

A.Hetrainedseveralbandstoperformhisjazzmusic.

B.Hehadalwaysperformedwithhisownband.

C.Hewasamajorinfluenceinjazzmusic.

D.Hecomposedmanysongsthatdefinedacertainperiod.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。文章一開始講到了DukeEllington給爵士樂帶來了一種新的風格，后面介紹了他給樂隊發(fā)展帶來的影響，以及在音樂方面的創(chuàng)作。由此可知，文章主要話題是艾靈頓公爵的音樂。選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段，“thebanddidn’thitthebigtimeuntilafterIrvingMillsbecametheirmanagerandpublisherin1926.”是歐文.米爾斯成為了經理，而不是艾靈頓。選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段，可看出艾靈頓讓爵士樂的風格和復雜性有了一個新的高度，而且產生了持久的影響力。選項D符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段，“HealsocomposedTheFarEastSuite,thenalsocollaboratedwithahighlydiversegroupofjazzmusicians,”，艾靈頓并不只是和自己的樂隊一起表演，還和其他爵士音樂人一起合作，選項B符合題意。

10.翻譯題

WhensomeAmericansspeakofthevirtuesofEnglish,theyalmostalwaysbeginbyglorifyingitsenormousvocabulary,whichisatleasttwiceaslargeasthatofanyotherlanguage.Butthisisnotwhatenchantstheforeigner;onthecontrary,thevastreachesofthevocabularynaturallyalarmhim.Thethingthatreallywinshimistheclarityandsimplicityofthelanguage.Weuse,forallourstoreofLatinpolysyllables,agreatmanymoreshortwordsthanlongones,andwearealwaystryingtomakethelongonesshort.Whatwasoncepuniligrionisnowpun;whatwasgasolineonlyyesterdayisalreadygas.NootherEuropeanlanguagehassomanythree-letterwords,norsomanyfour-wordsayings.“Firstcome,firstserved”—thatistypicallyEnglish,foritisbold,plain,andshort.

【答案】當一些美國人談及英語的優(yōu)點時，幾乎總是一開始就贊美其詞匯量之龐大，英語的詞匯比任何其他語言的詞匯至少多一倍。然而，吸引外國人的并不是詞匯量大，相反，浩瀚的詞匯很容易令外國人擔憂。真正贏得外國人的是英語簡練和淳樸的特征。盡管英語中有大量的源于拉丁文的多音節(jié)詞，但我們卻更多地使用短語，少用長詞。而且，我們總是努力把長詞縮短。以前使用puniligrion，現(xiàn)在縮短成了pun；昨天還是gasoline，今天已成為gas。歐洲沒有任何一種其他語言有這么多由三個字母構成的單詞，也沒有如此多由四個單詞構成的語言?！癋irstcomes,firstserved（先到先供應）”便是典型的英語，因為它一目了然、樸實無華、短小精悍。

11.單選題

Webbrowsers!Interactivesoftware!There'salotofnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelationsthesedays,andit'scomingfromavarietyofsources,clients,fearfulthattheyaremissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”,demandsomekindofwhiz-bang（尖端）demonstrationoftechnologyfromagencies.Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.Collegekidsenterthemarketplaceaimedwithcomputerliteracycompletelyalientomanyveteranpractitioners.Andinsomecases,membersofthemediademandthatinformationbepackagedtoaccommodatetheirparticulartechnologicalpreferences.

Istechnologynowthetailwaggingdog?Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.Allofthismillenniumtalkhasproducedanunnecessarylevelofanxietyaboutthenecessityoftechnologicalinnovation一theideathatyouarelight-yearsbehindunlessyouarelight-yearsahead.Relax!Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.Solidresearch,strongwritingskills,creativity,andanappreciationforthevaluesofthemediaarethebackboneoftheprofession,regardlessofhowinformationispackaged.

Evenifthespeedofinformationtransmissionisincreasing,hightechisn'tforeveryone.Allclientsdon'tneedindividualwebpagesandsummariesofchatroomactivity.Whenconsideringapplicationsofnewtechnologies,considertheaudiencesforyourclient.Aretheycomfortablewithtechnology?Dotheyhaveaccesstothedistributionsystemsyouareconsidering?Dotheyhavetheskillsandknowledgetousethesesystems?Dotheynavigatetheweb,useCD-ROMorevenownaVCR?

Considertheimageofthecompanyitself.Thedeliverysystemispartofthemessageandcontributestotheoverallimage,sothepractitionershouldconsiderhowthatsystemaffectstheclient,theproduct,andtheaudiences.

Yes,awebpagecanbeacost-efficientcommunicationtoolwhenyouconsidertheminimalmediacost.Butonceit'supandrunning,you'vegottokeepitfresh,andthatmeansacontinualallocationoftimeandspecializedresources.Inthehyper-speedmodelofcommunications,nothingisolderthaninformationthatisbothoutdatedandon-line.Andtoinformationconsumers,yourwebpagewillceasetobeasourceifitisn'tkeptcurrent.Inthelastpresidentialelection,morethanonecandidatehadproblemswiththeirpersonalwebpagesbecausewebmasterswerenotkeptuptodateonchangesincampaignstrategyandmessages.Thegapbetweenwhatthecandidatewassayingandwhatthewebpagewasshowingbecameastoryinitself.Ifyou'regoingtohaveapresenceontheInternet,youhavetobudgetforregularmaintenance.Otherwise,youareputtingasignupthatsays“toocheaptoberelevant”.

1.Therecententhusiasmfornewtechnologyispartlybroughtonby（）.

2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftherecentnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelations?

3.The“tailwaggingdog”(Para.2)mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theroleofnewtechnologyinpublicrelations（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatawebpage（）.

問題1選項

A.electronicinnovations

B.thedevelopmentofnewinteractivesoftware

C.consumers'fearofbeingleftbehindthetide

D.thepopularizationoftheWeb

問題2選項

A.Itindicatesasuddenrealizationofanoncomingradicalchangeinpublicrelations.

B.Itremindsusofthefactthattechnologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen.

C.Itissuperficialanddoesnotmeanthatweareusheringinanewage.

D.Itisasuresignthatwearemissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”.

問題3選項

A.theoverwhelminglypredominantthing

B.thedogthattucksitstailbetweenitslegs

C.thethingtobetamedurgently

D.theproblemtobetackledatonce

問題4選項

A.can'tbetooemphasizedintoday'sworld

B.isunnecessarilyexaggerated

C.isnotfullyrecognizedyet

D.ismoreimportanttothecompanythantotheclient

問題5選項

A.canusuallyprovidetheviewerswiththelatestinformation

B.isnotagoodideaunlessitsinformationisupdatedconstantly

C.maytakemoremoneytobesetupandkeptrunningthanimagined

D.canfindextensiveapplicationsinpresidentialelections

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據第一段“Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.”行業(yè)出版商不斷吹捧最新的和最偉大的電子創(chuàng)新。所以，人們對新技術的熱情，有一部分是來源于電子創(chuàng)新。選項A正確。

2.根據第二段第二句“Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.”技術一直是專業(yè)人士用來幫助他們工作的工具。選項B符合原文。

3.根據第二段的內容可知，技術一直是專業(yè)人士用來幫助他們工作的工具。建立良好公共關系的基礎與過去一樣，依舊是：預測和滿足客戶和媒體的需求,并提供有用的信息和建議。也就是說新技術并不是公共關系中起關鍵作用的主流事物。所以“tailwaggingdog”指具有壓倒性優(yōu)勢的事物，選項A正確。

4.根據第二段的第五句“Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.”建立良好公共關系的基礎與過去一樣，依舊是：預測和滿足客戶和媒體的需求,并提供有用的信息和建議。所以說沒必要夸大新技術在公共關系中的作用。選項B符合原文。

5.根據最后一段的內容可知，網頁一旦啟用，就需要一直的保持新鮮感，也就是說，信息需要不斷的更新。選項B符合原文。

12.單選題

MurovyovkaNaturePark,aprivatenaturereserve,istheresultofthevisionanddeterminationofoneman,SergeiSmirenski.TheMoscowUniversityProfessorhasgainedthesupportofinternationalfundsaswellaslocalofficials,businessmenandCollectivefarms.

Thankstohisefforts,theagriculturalprojectisalsounderwaytocreateanexperimentalfarmtoteachlocalfarmershowtofarmwithoutthetraditionallyheavyuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers.TwoWisconsinfarmers,DonandEllenPadley,spentlastsummerpreparinglandinTanbovkadistrict,wheretheparkislocated，andtheywillreturnthissummertoplantit.

SpecialistsfromtheUniversityofUtahalsocametostudythelocalcattleindustry,lookingtodeveloppossibilitiesforbeefexportstoJapan.

Separately,10N