考研考博-英語-太湖創(chuàng)意職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-太湖創(chuàng)意職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Hospitals,hopingtocurbmedicalerror,haveinvestedheavilytoputcomputers,smartphonesandotherdevicesintothehandsofmedicalstaffforinstantaccesstopatientdata,druginformationandcasestudies.

Butlikemanycures,thissolutionhascomewithanunintendedsideeffect:doctorsandnursescanbefocusedonthescreenandnotthepatient,evenduringmomentsofcriticalcare.Apollshowedthathalfofmedicaltechnicianshadadmittedtextingduringaprocedure.

Thisphenomenonhassetoffanintensifyingdiscussionathospitalsandmedicalschoolsaboutaproblemperhapsbestdescribedas“distracteddoctoring.”Inresponse,somehospitalshavebegunlimitingtheuseofelectronicdevicesincriticalsettings,whileschoolshavestartedremindingmedicalstudentstofocusonpatientsinsteadofdevices.

“Youjustifycarryingdevicesaroundthehospitaltodomedicalrecords,butyoucansurftheInternetordoFacebook,andsometimesFacebookismoretempting,”saidDr.PeterPapadakosattheUniversityofRochesterMedicalCenter.

“Mygutfeelingislivesareindanger,”saidDr.Papadakos.“We’renoteducatingpeopleabouttheproblem,andit’sgettingworse.”

Asurveyof439medicaltechniciansfoundthat55percentoftechnicianswhomonitorbypassmachinesacknowledgedthattheyhadtalkedoncellphonesduringheartsurgery.Halfsaidtheyhadtextedwhileinsurgery.Thestudyconcluded,“Suchdistractionshavethepotentialtobedisastrous.”

Medicalprofessionalshavealwaysfacedinterruptionsfromcellphones,andmultitaskingissimplyafactoflifeformanymedicaljobs.Whathaschanged,saydoctors,especiallyyoungerones,isthattheyfaceincreasingpressuretointeractwiththeirdevices.

Thepressurestemsfromamantraofmodernmedicinethatpatientcaremustbe“datadriven,”andinformedbythelatest,instantlyaccessibleinformation.Bymanyaccounts,thetechnologyhashelpedreducemedicalerrorbyprovidinginstantaccesstopatientdataorprescriptiondetails.

Dr.PeterCarmel,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,saidtechnology“offersgreatpotentialinhealthcare,”butheaddedthatdoctors’firstpriorityshouldbewiththepatient.

31.Whydohospitalsequiptheirstaffwithcomputers,smartphonesandotherdevices?

32.Whatdoestheauthorrefertoby“distracteddoctoring”?

33.WhatdoesDr.PeterPapadakosworryabout?

34.Whydodoctorsfeelincreasingpressuretousemoderndevices?

35.WhatisPeterCarmel’sadvicetodoctors?

問題1選項

A.Tofacilitateadministration.

B.Tocopewithemergencies.

C.Toreducemedicalerror.

D.Tosimplifymedicalprocedures.

問題2選項

A.Thedisservicedonebymoderndevicestodoctors,nurses,aswellaspatients.

B.Theproblemofdevicespreventingdoctorsfromfocusingontheirpatients.

C.Thetendencyofmedicalinstitutionsencouragingtheuseofmoderndevices.

D.Thephenomenonofmedicalstaffattendingtopersonalaffairswhileworking.

問題3選項

A.Medicalstudentsarenotadequatelytrainedtousemoderntechnology.

B.Doctorsarerelyingtooheavilyonmodernelectronictechnology.

C.Doctors’interactionwiththeirdevicesmayendangerpatients’lives.

D.Pressuresonthemedicalprofessionmaybecomeoverwhelming.

問題4選項

A.Patientstrustdoctorswhousemoderntechnology.

B.Useofmoderndevicesaddstohospitalsrevenues.

C.Patients’datahastoberevisedfromtimetotime.

D.Dataisgiventoomuchimportanceinpatientcare.

問題5選項

A.Theyfocustheirattentiononthepatient’scondition.

B.Theyfollowcloselytheadvancesinmedicalscience.

C.Theyobservehospitalrulesandregulations.

D.Theymakethebestuseofmoderndevices.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。由題干定位到文章中第一段“Hospitals,hopingtocurbmedicalerror,haveinvestedheavilytoputcomputers,smartphonesandotherdevicesintothehandsofmedicalstaffforinstantaccesstopatientdata,druginformationandcasestudies.為了遏制醫(yī)療失誤，醫(yī)院投入巨資將電腦、智能手機和其他設(shè)備交給醫(yī)務(wù)人員，以便即時獲取患者數(shù)據(jù)、藥品信息和案例研究。”可知C項“減少醫(yī)療事故?！闭_。A項“方便行政管理?！?；B項“應(yīng)付緊急情況?！?；C項“減少醫(yī)療事故?！?；D項“簡化醫(yī)療程序?！?，因此C選項正確。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】例證題。按題干定位詞“distracteddoctoring”定位在第三段。而distracteddoctoring所描述的是第三段首句的“thisphenomenon”，講的是第二段中所例證的phenomenon，所以答案往上一段找。第二段首句舉例說明了隨之而來的“sideeffect”——“doctorsandnursescanbefocusedonthescreenandnotthepatient”“admittedtextingduringaprocedure”，可見作者通過說“distracteddoctoring”是想說明devices的“sideeffect”，即B選項。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。由題干定位到文章中的第六段“Asurveyof439medicaltechniciansfoundthat55percentoftechnicianswhomonitorbypassmachinesacknowledgedthattheyhadtalkedoncellphonesduringheartsurgery.Halfsaidtheyhadtextedwhileinsurgery.Thestudyconcluded,‘Suchdistractionshavethepotentialtobedisastrous.’一項對439名醫(yī)療技術(shù)人員的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，55%監(jiān)控心臟搭橋機的技術(shù)人員承認，他們在心臟手術(shù)期間用手機通話。一半的人說他們在手術(shù)時發(fā)過短信。該研究總結(jié)道：‘這種干擾有可能帶來災(zāi)難性的后果?！笨芍狢項“醫(yī)生與設(shè)備的互動可能會危及患者的生命?！闭_。A項“醫(yī)學(xué)生在使用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)方面沒有得到充分的訓(xùn)練?！?；B項“醫(yī)生們過于依賴現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù)?！保籆項“醫(yī)生與設(shè)備的互動可能會危及患者的生命?！?；D項“醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)的壓力可能變得勢不可擋?！保虼薈選項正確。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】因果題。題干信息問的是“why”原因，因此要確定找到定位點附近的因果詞，判斷孰因孰果選出答案。根據(jù)題干“increasingpressure”定位在文章第七段最后一行最后一句“especiallyyoungerones,isthattheyfaceincreasingpressuretointeractwiththeirdevices.”根據(jù)金三句原則——定位句本身以及前句和后句，找到第八段首句“Thepressurestemsfrom”“這種壓力源于……”即答案在這個后面。“Thepressurestemsfromamantraofmodernmedicinethatpatientcaremustbe‘datadriven,’andinformedbythelatest,instantlyaccessibleinformation.”因此D選項正確。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中的最后一句“butheaddedthatdoctors’firstpriorityshouldbewiththepatient.但他補充說，醫(yī)生的首要任務(wù)應(yīng)該是照顧患者?！笨芍狝項“他們把注意力集中在病人的病情上。”正確。A項“他們把注意力集中在病人的病情上。”；B項“他們密切關(guān)注醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)的進展?！?；C項“他們遵守醫(yī)院的規(guī)章制度?！?；D項“他們充分利用現(xiàn)代設(shè)備?！?，因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

Look,（）inhisusualT-shirt.

問題1選項

A.heredoesHenrycome

B.herecomesHenry

C.hereHenrycomes

D.comeshereHenry

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。表示地點、時間和方向的副詞放在句首時，句子使用完全倒裝，句意：看！羅賓來了，穿著往常的T恤衫。所以本題B選項正確。

3.單選題

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat_______thespeakersstoppedfordeferments.

問題1選項

A.atlarge

B.atintervals

C.atease

D.atrandom

【答案】B

【解析】atlarge詳盡的,整個的;atintervals不時,時時;atease安逸,自由自在;atrandom隨機地,隨意地。句意：討論時間持續(xù)了很久,使人精疲力竭,發(fā)言者時不時停下來拖延時間。選項B符合句意。

4.單選題

Beforewemove,weshould（

）someoftheoldfurniture,sothatwecanhavemoreroominthenewhouse.

問題1選項

A.cancel

B.conceal

C.discard

D.retain

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。cancel“取消”；conceal“隱藏”；discard“丟棄”；retain“保持”。句意：我們搬家前，我們應(yīng)該丟棄一些老家具，以便于我們能夠為新房子騰出更多空間。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Iaskedhimforajob（

）theimpressionthathewastheheadofthefirm,buthewasn’t.

問題1選項

A.with

B.under

C.in

D.of

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。undertheimpressionthat意為“認為覺得”句意：我以為他是公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，所以要求他給我提供一份工作，但他不是。選項B正確。

6.單選題

Animportantnewindustry,oilrefining,grewaftertheCivilWar.Crudeoil,orpetroleum——adark,thickooze(滲出物)fromtheearthhadbeenknownforhundredsofyears.Butlittleusehadeverbeenmadeofit.Inthe1850'sSamuelM.Kier,amanufactureinwesternPennsylvania,begancollectingtheoilfromlocalseepageandrefiningitintokerosene.Refining,likesmelting,isaprocessofremovingimpuritiesfromarawmaterial.

Kerosenewasusedtolightlamps.Itwasacheapsubstituteforwhaleoil,whichwasbecominghardertoget.Soontherewasalargedemandforkerosene.Peoplebegantosearchfornewsuppliesofpetroleum.

ThefirstoilwellwasdrilledbyE.L.Drake,aretiredrailroadconductor.In1859hebegandrillinginTitusville,Pennsylvania,Thewholeventureseemedsoimpracticalandfoolishthatonlookerscalledit’’Drake’sFolly”.Butwhenhehaddrilleddownabout70feet(21meters)Drakestruckoil.Hiswellbegantoyield20barrelsofcrudeoiladay.

NewsofDrake'ssuccessbroughtoilprospectorstothescene.Bytheearly1860'sthesewildcattersweredrillingfor"blackgold”alloverwesternPennsylvania.TheboomrivaledtheCaliforniagoldrushof1848initsexcitementandWildWestatmosphere.Anditbroughtfarmorewealthtotheprospectorsthananygoldrush.

Crudeoilcouldberefinedintomanyproducts.Forsomeyearskerosenecontinuedtobetheprincipalone.Itwassoldingrocerystoresanddoor-to-door.Inthe1880'sand189(Tsrefinerslearnedhowtomakeotherproductssuchaswaxesandlubricatingoils.Petroleumwasnotthenusedtomakegasolineorheatingoil.

1.Accordingtothepassage,manypeopleinitiallythoughtthatE.L.Drakehadmadeamistake（

）

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatis"blackgold"?

3.WhydoestheauthormentiontheCaliforniagoldrush?

4.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingaspossibleproductsofcrudeoilEXCEPT（

）.

5.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.movingtoPennsylvania

B.retiringfromhisjob

C.searchingforoil

D.goingonawhalingexpedition

問題2選項

A.goldore

B.stolenmoney

C.whaleoil

D.crudeoil

問題3選項

A.ToindicatetheextentofUnitedStatesmineralwealth.

B.Toarguethatgoldwasmorevaluablethanoil

C.Todescribethemoodwhenoilwasfirstdiscovered

D.Toexplaintheneedforanincreasedsupplyofgold

問題4選項

A.gasoline

B.kerosene

C.wax

D.plastic

問題5選項

A.OilRefining:AHistoricalPerspective.

B.KeroseneLamps:AlightintheTunnel.

C.TheCaliforniaGoldRush:GetRichQuickly.

D.PrivateProperty:TrespasserswillBeProsecuted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第三段In1859hebegandrillinginTitusville,Pennsylvania,Thewholeventureseemedsoimpracticalandfoolishthatonlookerscalledit”Drake’sFolly'1859年，他開始在賓西法尼亞州的提特斯維爾鉆探石油，整個計劃看起來既不切實際又愚蠢，旁觀者稱之為“德雷克的愚蠢”。說明了人們對找油田的時表示懷疑和嘲諷。C選項符合題意。

2.文章第三段第二行很明顯指出黑金指的就是石油，D選項正確。

3.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一行TheboomrivaledtheCaliforniagoldrushof1848initsexcitementandWildWestatmosphere.Anditbroughtfarmorewealthtotheprospectorsthananygoldrush.這場繁榮在其興奮和狂野的西部氛圍上堪比1848年的加利福尼亞淘金熱。它給勘探者帶來的財富遠遠超過淘金熱。確定C選項‘描述石油首次被發(fā)現(xiàn)時的心情’正確。

4.A,B,C選項文章都有描述，D選項‘塑料’在文中沒有涉及，所以答案為D。

5.全文主要論述了石油冶煉的相關(guān)事情，包括在加利福尼亞西部鉆油等歷史。所以A選項符合題意。

7.問答題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addoword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark()intherightplaceand-writethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.brand改成brands

2.distinguish改成differ

3.manufacturer改成manufacturer's

4.at改成in

5.much改成little

6.to改成with

7.their改成its

8.unpleasant改成pleasant

9.need改成needs

10.advertised改成advertising

【解析】1.詞匯錯誤—單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的“severaldifferent很多不同的”可知，此處的brand應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)該是brands“品牌”。

2.搭配錯誤。distinguishAfromB表示“區(qū)分A和B”，但是，此處表示“兩者差別不大，兩者沒有什么不同”，因此，根據(jù)搭配應(yīng)該為：differfrom“與……不同”。

3.語法錯誤—比較結(jié)構(gòu)平行關(guān)系。此處是比較兩個“manufacturer’stoothpaste廠商的牙好”，因此，后面的manufacture應(yīng)該加上“s”的所有格，與前面保持一致，即需要體現(xiàn)比較對象“牙膏”。

4.固定搭配。varyin在…方面變化；在…方面有差異。

5.詞匯錯誤—程度形容詞。該處句意為:這些因素使得店家沒有太多理由去選擇某一種商品。故much應(yīng)該改成little才符合句意。

6.固定搭配。beconfrontedwith面對。

7.代詞錯誤。主語是“eachmanufacturingcompany”,而后文的代詞指的就是“每個生產(chǎn)公司”，故代詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，即its。

8.詞匯錯誤—形容詞。前文談及兩種廣告類型，目的是吸引買者或潛在買者，因此，此處應(yīng)該是用“somethingpleasant愉快的東西”來吸引買者。

9.語法錯誤—主謂一致。因為該句主語是one,所以，謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用第三人稱單數(shù)，即needs。

10.詞匯誤用。advertised是過去分詞，而此處是形容詞修飾strategy；因此，應(yīng)該是advertising“廣告（業(yè)）的”，表示“廣告策略”。

8.單選題

Fromhisdirections,itshouldn'tbedifficultto（

）thebeachhouseinthemap,eventhoughyouhaveneverbeentherebefore.

問題1選項

A.determine

B.locate

C.unearth

D.ascertain

【答案】B

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。determine“確定某事物，決定”；locate“找出;使坐落于”；unearth“發(fā)掘，掘出”；ascertain“確定，查明”。句意：根據(jù)他的指示，你不難在地圖上找到那棟海濱別墅的地點，即使你從來沒有去過那個地方。

9.單選題

RussianandNorwegianscientistshavereportedfindingstoneobjectsandanimalbonesinthefarnorthofEuropeanRussia.Thescientistssaytheobjectsprovidethefirstevidencethatancienthunterslivedintheareamorethan30thousandyearsago.Theysaythisisatleast15thousandyearsearlierthanexpertshadthought.

TheRussianandNorwegianteamworkedatacampalongtheUsaRiverandtheArcticCircle.Thescientistssaytheyfoundseveralancientstonetools.Theyalsofound123bonesfromanimalssuchashorses,reindeerandwolves.

Thescientistssaytheirmostimportantdiscoverywasatuskfromanancientelephantcalledamammoth（猛碼）.Thehuge,curvedtoothwasmorethan1meterlong.Thetuskiscoveredwithsmallcuts.Thescientistsbelievehumansmadethemarkswithsharp-edgedstonetools.

Thescientistsusedaprocessknownasradiocarbon（放射性碳）datingtomeasuretheageofthetusk.Radiocarbondatingshowsthelevelofaradioactiveformofcarboninasubstance.Thetestsshowedthetuskisabout36thousandyearsold.

Thescientistssaytheyarenotsurewhatkindofhumansleftthestoneobjectsandbonesalongtheriver.TheysaidthepeoplewereeitherearlyhumanscalledNeanderthals（穴居人）ormodernhumans.

ModemhumansspreadthroughEuropeandAsia30thousandyearsago.Thescientistssaytheancientpeopleneededahighlevelofsocialdevelopmenttosurviveintheextremelycoldenvironment.

Theobjectswerediscoveredabout300kilometersnortheastofanotherareawherescientistssayhumansoncelived.Thatareahasobjectsmorecloselylinkedtomodemhumans.Thoseobjectsarebelievedtobeabout28thousandyearsold.

NaturemagazinealsopublishedareportbyJohnGowlettoftheUniversityofLiverpoolinEngland.Hesaidthediscoveryshowstheabilityofearlyhumanstodotheunexpected.Healsosaidthediscoveryshouldrenewdebateabouttheeffectsoftheclimateonthemovementsofearlyhumanpopulation.

1.BeforethefindingofstoneobjectsandanimalbonesinthenorthofEuropeanRussia,someexpertsthoughthumanbeingslivedinthatareaabout（

）.

2.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutthesignificanceofthisfindingEXCEPTthat

（

）.

3.Whichisthemostimportantdiscoveryamongthefindings?

4.Howoldisthetusk?About

（

）

yearsold.

5.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.10thousandyearsago

B.15thousandyearsago

C.28thousandyearsago

D.20thousandyearsago

問題2選項

A.itbringsforwardsthetimeinwhichancienthunterslivedinthearea

B.itprovidestheevidenceofahighlevelofancienthumansociety

C.itshowedtheunexpectedabilityoftheearlyhumans

D.itindicatestheeffectofclimateonthemovementofearlyhumanpopulation

問題3選項

A.Amammothtuskcoveredwithsmallcuts.

B.Ancientstonetools.

C.123bonesfromanimals.

D.Alongelephanttusk.

問題4選項

A.25thousand

B.28thousand

C.40thousand

D.36thousand

問題5選項

A.NewDiscoveryofAncientHumanBeings

B.EvidenceofAncientHunters

C.UnexpectedSurvivingAbilitiesofAncientHumanBeings

D.NewFindingsofAncientAnimals

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Thescientistssaytheobjectsprovidethefirstevidencethatancienthunterslivedintheareamorethan30thousandyearsago.Theysaythisisatleast15thousandyearsearlierthanexpertshadthought.”科學(xué)家說，這些物體提供了第一手證據(jù)，證明古代獵人在3萬多年前就生活在這個地區(qū)。他們說，這至少比專家們預(yù)想的早了1.5萬年。由此可知，專家們預(yù)想的人類生活在這個地區(qū)的時間是在3萬減去1.5萬等于1.5萬年以前，也就是15thousandyearsago，所以選項B正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的內(nèi)容“Thescientistssaytheancientpeopleneededahighlevelofsocialdevelopmenttosurviveintheextremelycoldenvironment.”科學(xué)家們說，古人需要高度的社會發(fā)展才能在極端寒冷的環(huán)境中生存。由此可知，古代社會并沒有高度發(fā)展所以選項B不正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“mostimportantdiscovery”定位到第三段第一句“Thescientistssaytheirmostimportantdiscoverywasatuskfromanancientelephantcalledamammoth...Thetuskiscoveredwithsmallcuts...”科學(xué)家們表示，他們最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一頭名為猛犸象的古代大象的長牙。...長牙上有很多小切口。由此可知，選項A符合原文。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Thetestsshowedthetuskisabout36thousandyearsold.”測試顯示，這只象牙大約有3.6萬年的歷史。選項D符合原文。

第5題:主旨大意題。原文第一段指出科學(xué)家在歐洲北部發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多有關(guān)古代獵人的證據(jù)，接下來的段落具體闡述和分析這些證據(jù)，最后得出結(jié)論，這些證據(jù)也體現(xiàn)了環(huán)境對早期人類遷徙的影響。由此可知，本文的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于古代獵人的證據(jù)，選項B最為恰當。

10.單選題

問題1選項

A.Thelittleboyisrestlessandnaughty.

B.Themanwillhelptakecareofthelittleboy.

C.Thewomanhastospendthedayinthelab.

D.Thewoman’ssonshouldnotstayinthelab.

【答案】D

【解析】9.W:Hi,Tony.Thisismyson,Philippe.Therewasaproblemwithhisdaycaretoday.He’llbespendingthedayhereinthelabwithme.I’llteachthemallaboutdoingresearch.

M:Well,I’mnotsurethisisagoodplaceforalittleboy.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干為：這個男人什么意思？由文中“He’llbespendingthedayhereinthelabwithme.（他今天會和我一起待在實驗室里。）”和“Well,I’mnotsurethisisagoodplaceforalittleboy.（我不確定這個地方適合一個小男孩待著。）”，可知D選項“Thewoman’ssonshouldnotstayinthelab.（女士的孩子不應(yīng)該帶到實驗室）”符合原文。A選項“小男孩又好動又淘氣”；B選項“這個男人會幫助照顧這個小男孩”；C選項“女人不得不整天待在實驗室里”不符合原文。

11.單選題

Whenpeoplearcstruckbylightening,theyfalltothegroundasthoughtheywerestruckbyasevereblowtotheheaD.Aftertheshocktheymayremainunconscious,becomesemiconsciousorbeconsciousbutconfusedanddazed,atleastforatime.Flashesoflightmaycontinuepassingbeforetheireyes,andblindnessanddeafnessmayfollow.Thenervoussystemmaybebadlyaffected,causingparalysis,paininthelimbsandevenhemorrhage.Therewillbebumswherethelighteningpassedthroughthebody,andlikeallelectricalbums,theyareoftendeepandsevere.

Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.Donotbeafraidtotouchthevictim.Youwon'tgetashock.ThelighteninghasalreadybeengroundeD.Rememberthatspeedisofthegreatestimportanceinseverecases.

Thefirstthingtodoistoloosentightclothingaboutthethroatandwaist.Thencleartheairpassagesofmucus(黏液)ifpresent,andapplyartificialrespirationifnecessary.Givemouth-mouthresuscitationifneeded,orgiveoxygenifavailable.ManyvictimsthoughtIobedeadhavebeenrevivedaftertreatment.

Sendsomeoneforadoctorassoonaspossible,butdon'tleavethevictimalone.Ifadoctorisnotavailable,takethepersontoahospitalassoonasthepersoncanbesafelymoved.

Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.Totreatshock,youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeetandcoverhimorherwithablanketbutwatchoutforoverheating.Givingastimulatinghotteaorcoffeewillhelp,butonlyifthepatientisthoroughlyconscious.

Afterbreathinghasbeenrestoredandshockistreated,treatthebums.Applysomesalveandcoverthemwithacleanclothorasteriledressing.Ifconscious,thepatientwillbebadlyfrightened,sodoallyoucantoreassure.Alittleknowledgeandahelpinghandmaysavesomeone'slife.

1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout（）.

2.Accordinglothepassage,allthefollowingaresignsofshockexcept（）.

3.Itcanbeguessedfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Theword"salve"inline2ofthelastparagraphmostlikelymeans（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmustnotbedonewhiletreatingshock?

問題1選項

A.whichmetalsconductelectricitybest

B.wheretogoinathunderstorm

C.howtotreatsomeonestruckbylightening

D.howtomakemouth-to-mouthresuscitation

問題2選項

A.abnormalfever

B.coldskin

C.irregularbreathing

D.rapidpulse

問題3選項

A.manycampersandhuntersarestruckbylightening

B.carsareconvenientforoutdooractivities

C.electricshockdoeslittleharmtothehumanbody

D.onlyprofessionalnursesanddoctorsareallowedtogivefirstaid

問題4選項

A.sponge

B.bandage

C.ointment

D.liquid

問題5選項

A.Givingthepatientacupofhottea.

B.Makingthepatientliewiththefeetlowerthanthehead.

C.Coveringthebumswithasteriledressing.

D.Applyingartificialrespiration

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講述如何治療被閃電擊中的人。

2.根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.”可知，只有選項A不屬于休克的癥狀，所以本題選A。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.”所有人，尤其是露營者和獵人，都應(yīng)該知道如何對被閃電擊中的人進行急救。由此可推斷，露營者和獵人最容易遇到被閃電擊中的情況，所以選項A正確。

4.根據(jù)常識，被雷電擊中后會被燒傷，燒傷之后當然要涂抹一些藥膏，所以這里的“salve”指藥膏，只有選項C與之意思相近。

5.根據(jù)原文可知，選項B對應(yīng)文中的“youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeet”，但與原文表述相反，因此選擇B選項。

12.單選題

Doweneedlawsthatpreventusfromrunningriskswithourlives?Ifso,thenperhapslawsareneededprohibitingthesaleofcigarettesandalcoholicdrinks.Bothproductshavebeenknowntokillpeople.Thehazardsofdrinkingtoomuchalcoholareasbadasorworsethanthehazardsofsmokingtoomanycigarettes.Allrightthen,let’spassalawclosingtheliquorstoresandthebarsinthiscountry.Let’sputanendonceandforalltotheruinousdiseasefromwhichasmanyas10millionAmericanscurrentlysufferalcoholism.

Butwait,we’vealreadytriedthat.For13years,between1920and1933,therewerenoliquorstoresanywhereintheUnitedStates.TheywereshutdownabolishedbyanamendmenttotheConstitution(the18th)andbyalawofCongress(theVolsteadAct).AfterJanuary20,1920,therewassupposedtobenomoremanufacturing,selling,ortransportingof“intoxicatingliquor”.Withoutanymoreliquor,peoplecouldnotdrinkit,andiftheydidnotdrinkit,howcouldtheygetdrunk?Therewouldbenomoredangerstothepublicwelfarefromdrunkennessandalcoholism.Itwasallverylogical.Andyetprohibitionofliquor,beer,andwinedidnotwork.Why?

Because,lawornolaw,millionsofpeoplestilllikedtodrinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotakerisksofgettingit.Theywerenotabouttochangetheirtastesandhabitsjustbecauseofachangeinthelaw.Andgangsofliquorsmugglersmadeiteasytobuyanillegaldrink.TheysmuggledmillionsofgallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianandMexicanboarders.DrinkerswereluckytoknowofanillegalbarthatservedMexicanorCanadianliquor.Crimeanddrunkennesswerebothsupposedtodeclineasaresultofprohibition;insteadpeopledrankmorealcoholthanever—oftenpoisonedalcohol.

OnDecember5,1933,theyrepealedprohibitionbyratifyingthe21stAmendmenttotheConstitution.

1.WhichofthefollowingwasNotacharacteristicreasonfortheproposalofthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitutionandtheVolsteadAct?

2.Duringprohibition,illegalalcoholwas（）

3.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,people（）

4.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,governmentofficialsassumedthat（）

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）

問題1選項

A.Therewouldbenofurtherdangertothepublicfromalcoholism.

B.Therewouldbeariseinthecostofalcoholicbeverages.

C.Withoutliquor,peoplewouldnotdrink.

D.Peoplewouldn’tbecomedrunkorcreateapublicnuisance.

問題2選項

A.soldopenly

B.nolongeratemptation

C.amajorfactorinthepassageoftheVolsteadAct

D.broughtacrosstheMexicanandCanadianborders

問題3選項

A.livedinfearofthelaw

B.werewillingtoriskofarrestingforthepleasureofliquor

C.recklesslyendangeredtheircommunities

D.wererespectfulofthelegalsanctionsplacedonthem

問題4選項

A.everyAmericanwouldbuyalcoholillegally

B.allcriminalactivitieswouldcease

C.patrolsoftheCanadianborderwouldhaltthesaleofalcohol

D.thesocialthreatfromdrunkennesswoulddecline

問題5選項

A.theCongresswaswisetorepealprohibition

B.theprohibitionwascharacterizedbyadecreaseincrimeanddrunkenness

C.duringprohibition,mostAmericansstopdrinking

D.lawsshouldbepassedtobanthesaleofalcoholbeverage

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,選項A、C、D在本段均有提及,只有選項B沒有提及。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段的第五句“TheysmuggledmillionsofgallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianandMexicanboarders.”可知,非法酒類是通過墨西哥及加拿大的邊境走私而來的,所以選項D符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段的一二句“l(fā)awornolaw,millionsofpeoplestilllikedtodrinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotakerisksofgettingit.”選項B符合原文。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Crimeanddrunkennesswerebothsupposedtodeclineasaresultofprohibition；”禁酒的結(jié)果本應(yīng)該是減少犯罪和酗酒。由此推斷官員推行禁酒是希望酗酒對社會的威脅會有所下降,選項D符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“peopledrankmorealcoholthanever—oftenpoisonedalcohol.”有了禁令之后,人們喝得比以前更多了。因此在1933年12月5日廢除了禁令,這一做法是明智的,選項A正確。

13.翻譯題

我的導(dǎo)師是亞裔美國人，嗜煙好酒，脾氣暴躁。但他十分欣賞亞裔學(xué)生勤奮與扎實的基礎(chǔ)知識，也特別了解亞裔學(xué)生的心理。因此，在他實驗室所招的學(xué)生中，除有一名來自德國外，其余5位均是亞裔學(xué)生。他干脆在實驗室的門上貼一醒目招牌：“本室助研必須每周工作7天，早10時至晚12時，工作時間內(nèi)必須全力以赴?！边@位導(dǎo)師的嚴格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所待的3年半中，共有14位學(xué)生被招進他的實驗室，最后博士畢業(yè)的只有5人。

【答案】MysupervisorisofAsianorigin.Heisaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes,withairritabletemper.Nevertheless,hehighlyappreciatestheindustryandthesolidfoundationalknowledgeofAsianstudentsandhasaparticularlykeeninsightintowhatAsianstudentshaveontheirmind.Hence,ofallthestudentsrecruitedintohislaboratory,exceptforoneGerman,theotherfivewereallfromAsia.Heevenputaneye-catchingnoticeonthedoorofhislab,whichread,“Alltheresearchassistantsofthislaboratoryarerequiredtowork7daysaweek,from10:00a.m.to12:00p.m..Nothingbutworkduringtheworkinghours.”Thissupervisorisreputedontheentirecampusforhisseverityandharshness.Duringthe3andahalfyearsthatIstayedthere,atotalof14studentswererecruitedintohislaboratoryandonly5ofthemstayeduntiltheygraduatedwiththeirPh.D.degrees.

14.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。gloomy“慘淡”miserable“悲慘的，痛苦的”；shadowy“模糊的”；obscure“晦澀的，不清楚的”。inspiteof表示轉(zhuǎn)折，句子意思為：盡管經(jīng)濟前景不景氣，但是制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)量略有上漲。選項A符題意。

15.單選題

Forfearthatanewshoppingcenterwouldruinthepeaceofthecommunity,manyresidents（）theconstructionplan.

問題1選項

A.approved

B.countered

C.defended

D.opposed

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析。approved批準,認可;counter"反擊,反駁",強調(diào)的是別人先做某個動作或者提出某種觀點,自己再來反擊或者駁斥;defended辯護;oppose"反對,反抗,對抗",可表不同程度的抵抗,用法和object接近,但oppose為及物動詞,不需要介詞。句意：由于擔心新的購物中心會破壞社區(qū)的和平,許多居民反對這項建設(shè)計劃。選項D正確。

16.單選題

3.

問題1選項

A.Itisfast.

B.Itisslow.

C.Itworkswell.

D.Itisnotworking.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Canthatclockberight,10:30?

M:Thatclockisalwaysoff.It’s11:05.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheclock?

【解析】細節(jié)題。從對話兩個時間點可知，這個鐘慢了。

17.單選題

Thereasonhewantstotakealeaveofabsenceis______.

問題1選項

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterest

B.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterest

D.becauseacompleterestis