閱讀理解長難句翻譯周周練-高考英語復(fù)習(xí)

長難句句子翻譯（英翻漢）Week1Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn’tsitquietly.（1）Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.（2）Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.（3）ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.（4）It’saplant’swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.（5）Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned（形勢被扭轉(zhuǎn)了）.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.（6）Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.（7）Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon’tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.（8）Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.（9）Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn’tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(親密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.（10）Oursensesareweak.There’sawholelotgoingon.翻譯加粗部分句子（每個句子后標有序號）（答案）句子翻譯（英翻漢）Week1Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn’tsitquietly.（1）Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.（2）Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.（3）ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.（4）It’saplant’swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.（5）Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned（形勢被扭轉(zhuǎn)了）.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.（6）Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.（7）Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon’tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.（8）Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.（9）Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn’tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(親密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.（10）Oursensesareweak.There’sawholelotgoingon.翻譯加粗部分句子（每個句子后標有序號）當一棵多葉植物被攻擊時，它不會坐以待斃。早在1983年，兩位科學(xué)家JackSchultz和IanBaldwin就報道說被蟲子咬的小楓樹會發(fā)出一種周圍植物都能接收到的特殊的氣味。這些植物通過空氣散發(fā)的是一種叫揮發(fā)性有機化合物的化學(xué)混合物，簡稱VOCs?？茖W(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)當被攻擊時所有種類的植物都會釋放出VOCs。它們釋放出香味來吸引不同種類的昆蟲，這些昆蟲是襲擊者的天敵。正享用午餐的襲擊者變成了(它們天敵的)午餐。第一棵植物受到的傷害通常更嚴重，但相對來說，它的鄰居們（周邊的植物）會比較安全，因為它們聽到了警報后知道該做什么(來保護自己)。也許第一棵植物只是發(fā)出疼痛的叫聲或者給它自己的分枝發(fā)出信息，所以實際上，它是在自言自語。也許鄰居們（周邊的植物）只是碰巧“無意中聽到了”這個叫聲。在150多年前，CharlesDarwin（查爾斯·達爾文）想象到的世界比我們現(xiàn)在能夠看到和聽到的世界更加忙碌、更加嘈雜、更加親密。長難句句子翻譯（英翻漢）Week2翻譯Whatisthepurposeoflightning?(1)Thatmightsoundlikeadeeplyphilosophicalquestion,butscientistsmayhaveshedsomemorelightontheanswerwiththeresultsofarecentlyreleasedstudy.(2)ThenewstudypublishedattheendofAprilinSciencefoundthatlightningmayplayabiggerroleinglobalclimatechangethanwaspreviouslyknownbythescientificcommunity.(3)"Lightningincreasestheatmosphere'sabilitytocleanseitself,"theresearcherswroteinthestudy.(4)Manyarefamiliarwiththepotentiallydeadlyhazardsposedbylightning,whichisblamedforanaverageof43fatalitiesintheUnitedStateseachyear,basedondatafrom1989to2018.(5)However,theresearchersrecentlyuncoveredasurprisingandbeneficialimpactoflightning.(6)TheEarthisstruckbylightningnearly20milliontimeseachyear,andboltsoflightningcantravelasmuchas10to12milesfromathunderstorm,instantlyheatingtheairto50,000degreesFahrenheit,accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.Hydroxylradicals(羥基自由基),describedasa"chemicalscavenger"(化學(xué)清洗劑)byScienceDirect,areimportantchemicalcompoundsfoundintheatmosphereduetothereactivenaturewithotherorganicmolecules（有機分子）.(7)Researcherspreviouslyunderstoodthatlightningcouldhelptocleantheatmosphere,buttherewasnoevidencethatitcouldgeneratecompoundsliketheseradicals."Noonehasseenthatmuchintheatmospherefromnaturalprocesses,ever,"Brunesaid.(8)Asaresult,thestudyestimates(估計)thatsomewherebetween2%and16%oftheoxidizing(氧化),orcleaningthathappensnaturallyintheEarth'satmosphere,isdonebylightning.Whyisthissignificant?Theoxidationprocess(氧化過程)helpstoreducechemicalslikecarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)andmethane(甲烷)intheatmosphere.(9)Thesechemicals,knownforbeinggreenhousegases,havebeenproventocontributetorisingtemperaturesassociatedwithclimatechange.(10)Researcherssaythatmorestudieswillneedtobeconductedtoverifythedegreetowhichlightningcontributestothefightagainstglobalclimatechange.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Week2翻譯答案Whatisthepurposeoflightning?(1)Thatmightsoundlikeadeeplyphilosophicalquestion,butscientistsmayhaveshedsomemorelightontheanswerwiththeresultsofarecentlyreleasedstudy.(2)ThenewstudypublishedattheendofAprilinSciencefoundthatlightningmayplayabiggerroleinglobalclimatechangethanwaspreviouslyknownbythescientificcommunity.(3)"Lightningincreasestheatmosphere'sabilitytocleanseitself,"theresearcherswroteinthestudy.(4)Manyarefamiliarwiththepotentiallydeadlyhazardsposedbylightning,whichisblamedforanaverageof43fatalitiesintheUnitedStateseachyear,basedondatafrom1989to2018.(5)However,theresearchersrecentlyuncoveredasurprisingandbeneficialimpactoflightning.(6)TheEarthisstruckbylightningnearly20milliontimeseachyear,andboltsoflightningcantravelasmuchas10to12milesfromathunderstorm,instantlyheatingtheairto50,000degreesFahrenheit,accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.Hydroxylradicals(羥基自由基),describedasa"chemicalscavenger"(化學(xué)清洗劑)byScienceDirect,areimportantchemicalcompoundsfoundintheatmosphereduetothereactivenaturewithotherorganicmolecules（有機分子）.(7)Researcherspreviouslyunderstoodthatlightningcouldhelptocleantheatmosphere,buttherewasnoevidencethatitcouldgeneratecompoundsliketheseradicals."Noonehasseenthatmuchintheatmospherefromnaturalprocesses,ever,"Brunesaid.(8)Asaresult,thestudyestimatesthatsomewherebetween2%and16%oftheoxidizing(氧化),orcleaningthathappensnaturallyintheEarth'satmosphere,isdonebylightning.Whyisthissignificant?Theoxidationprocess(氧化過程)helpstoreducechemicalslikecarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)andmethane(甲烷)intheatmosphere.(9)Thesechemicals,knownforbeinggreenhousegases,havebeenproventocontributetorisingtemperaturesassociatedwithclimatechange.(10)Researcherssaythatmorestudieswillneedtobeconductedtoverifythedegreetowhichlightningcontributestothefightagainstglobalclimatechange.聽上去可能像是一個深刻的哲學(xué)問題，但是科學(xué)家最近發(fā)布的一項研究結(jié)果也許能對這一問題的答案帶來一些啟示。這項四月末發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，閃電對全球氣候變化的影響力可能比科學(xué)界先前所了解的更大。研究人員在報告中寫道：“閃電會提高大氣自我凈化的能力。”許多人對閃電潛在的致命危害很熟悉，基于1989年到2018年的數(shù)據(jù)，美國每年平均有43人因閃電而喪生。然而，研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了閃電的一個驚人的有益影響。根據(jù)美國國家氣象局的數(shù)據(jù)，地球上每年發(fā)生的閃電次數(shù)可達近2000萬次，雷雨過程中閃電可行進10到12英里（16到19公里），瞬間讓空氣升溫華氏5萬度。研究人員先前了解到，閃電可以有助于清潔大氣，但是沒有證據(jù)表明閃電可以產(chǎn)生羥基自由基這樣的化合物。因此，研究估計，地球大氣中自然發(fā)生的氧化或清潔有2%到16%是由閃電完成的。經(jīng)證實，這些被稱為溫室氣體的化學(xué)物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致氣溫升高，而氣溫升高和氣候變化有關(guān)。研究人員表示，還需要開展更多研究，才能確定閃電對于抗擊全球氣候變化的貢獻程度。長難句句子翻譯（英翻漢）Week3In2020,theCOVID-19pandemicwreakedhavocaroundtheworld,posingamajorthreattohumansecurity.Thevirusrespectsnoborders,nordoesthepandemicdistinguishbetweenraces.2.Todefeattheepidemicrequiresmutualhelp,solidarityandcooperationamongallcountries.3.However,theUnitedStates,whichhasalwaysconsidereditselfanexceptionandsuperior,sawitsownepidemicsituationgooutofcontrol,accompaniedbypoliticaldisorder,inter-ethnicconflicts,andsocialdivision.Itfurtheraddedtothehumanrightsviolationsinthecountry,theso-called“cityuponahill”and“beaconofdemocracy.”4.Theepidemicwentoutofcontrolandturnedintoahumantragedyduetothegovernment’srecklessresponse.5.BytheendofFebruary2021,theUnitedStates,hometolessthan5percentoftheworld’spopulation,accountedformorethanaquarteroftheworld’sconfirmedCOVID-19casesandnearlyon-fifthoftheglobaldeathsfromthedisease.Morethan500,000Americanslosttheirlivesduetothevirus.Ethnicminoritygroupssufferedsystematicracialdiscriminationandwereinadifficultsituation.6.Peopleofcolormadeupaboutone-thirdofallminorsundertheageof18intheUnitedStatesbuttwo-thirdsofallofthecountry’simprisonedminors.7.AfricanAmericansarethreetimesaslikelyaswhitestobeinfectedwiththecoronavirus,twiceaslikelytodiefromCOVID-19,andthreetimesaslikelytobekilledbythepolice.OneinfouryoungAsianAmericanshasbeenthetargetofracialbullying.Guntradeandshootingincidentshitarecordhigh,andpeople’sconfidenceinsocialorderwaned.8.Americansbought23milliongunsin2020againstthebackgroundofanout-of-controlepidemic,accompaniedbyracialjusticeprotestsandelection-relatedconflicts,asurgeof64percentcomparedwith2019.First-timegunbuyersexceeded8million.9.Morethan41,500peoplewerekilledinshootingincidentsacrosstheUnitedStatesintheyear,anaverageofmorethan110aday,andtherewere592massshootingsnationwide,anaverageofmorethan1.6aday.10.GeorgeFloyd,anAfricanAmerican,diedafterbeingbrutallykneeledonhisneckbyawhitepoliceofficer,sparkinganationaloutcry.Widespreadprotestsforracialjusticeeruptedin50states.TheU.S.governmentsuppresseddemonstratorsbyforce,andmorethan10,000peoplewerearrested.Alargenumberofjournalistswereattackedandarrestedfornoreason.翻譯句子（每個句子下面已劃線并且句前標有序號）句子翻譯（英翻漢）Week3In2020,theCOVID-19pandemicwreakedhavocaroundtheworld,posingamajorthreattohumansecurity.Thevirusrespectsnoborders,nordoesthepandemicdistinguishbetweenraces.2.Todefeattheepidemicrequiresmutualhelp,solidarityandcooperationamongallcountries.3.However,theUnitedStates,whichhasalwaysconsidereditselfanexceptionandsuperior,sawitsownepidemicsituationgooutofcontrol,accompaniedbypoliticaldisorder,inter-ethnicconflicts,andsocialdivision.Itfurtheraddedtothehumanrightsviolationsinthecountry,theso-called“cityuponahill”and“beaconofdemocracy.”4.Theepidemicwentoutofcontrolandturnedintoahumantragedyduetothegovernment’srecklessresponse.5.BytheendofFebruary2021,theUnitedStates,hometolessthan5percentoftheworld’spopulation,accountedformorethanaquarteroftheworld’sconfirmedCOVID-19casesandnearlyon-fifthoftheglobaldeathsfromthedisease.Morethan500,000Americanslosttheirlivesduetothevirus.Ethnicminoritygroupssufferedsystematicracialdiscriminationandwereinadifficultsituation.6.Peopleofcolormadeupaboutone-thirdofallminorsundertheageof18intheUnitedStatesbuttwo-thirdsofallofthecountry’simprisonedminors.7.AfricanAmericansarethreetimesaslikelyaswhitestobeinfectedwiththecoronavirus,twiceaslikelytodiefromCOVID-19,andthreetimesaslikelytobekilledbythepolice.OneinfouryoungAsianAmericanshasbeenthetargetofracialbullying.Guntradeandshootingincidentshitarecordhigh,andpeople’sconfidenceinsocialorderwaned.8.Americansbought23milliongunsin2020againstthebackgroundofanout-of-controlepidemic,accompaniedbyracialjusticeprotestsandelection-relatedconflicts,asurgeof64percentcomparedwith2019.First-timegunbuyersexceeded8million.9.Morethan41,500peoplewerekilledinshootingincidentsacrosstheUnitedStatesintheyear,anaverageofmorethan110aday,andtherewere592massshootingsnationwide,anaverageofmorethan1.6aday.10.GeorgeFloyd,anAfricanAmerican,diedafterbeingbrutallykneeledonhisneckbyawhitepoliceofficer,sparkinganationaloutcry.Widespreadprotestsforracialjusticeeruptedin50states.TheU.S.governmentsuppresseddemonstratorsbyforce,andmorethan10,000peoplewerearrested.Alargenumberofjournalistswereattackedandarrestedfornoreason.翻譯句子（每個句子下面已劃線并且句前標有序號）1.2020年新冠肺炎疫情全球肆虐，對人類生命安全構(gòu)成重大威脅。2.戰(zhàn)勝疫情需要世界各國守望相助、團結(jié)合作。3.但一向自認例外和優(yōu)越的美國，不僅自身疫情失控，而且與之相伴的還有政治失序、種族沖突、社會撕裂。4.政府應(yīng)對疫情任性妄為導(dǎo)致失控，釀成人間悲劇。5.但截至2021年2月底，其新冠肺炎確診病例數(shù)卻超過全球總數(shù)的25%，死亡病例數(shù)占全球總數(shù)的近20%。6.有色人種在美國18歲以下未成年人中的比例約為三分之一，卻占被監(jiān)禁未成年人總數(shù)的三分之二。7.非洲裔新冠肺炎感染率是白人的3倍，死亡率是白人的2倍，被警察殺死的概率是白人的3倍。8.在疫情失控、種族抗議和選舉沖突交織影響下，2020年美國的槍支銷量高達2300萬支，比2019年激增64%。9.美國全年共有超過41500人死于槍擊，平均每天達110多人，全國共發(fā)生592起大規(guī)模槍擊事件，平均每天超過1.6起。10.—非洲裔男子喬治·弗洛伊德被白人警察殘忍跪壓致死，引燃美國社會怒火。長難句句子翻譯（英翻漢）Week4RemarkablerelicsfoundatSanxingduiRuinsagain三星堆又有新發(fā)現(xiàn)，開啟寶物大清點（1）AgoldmaskandsomebronzeartifactshavebeendiscoveredattheSanxingduiRuinssiterecently.（2）Consideredoneofthegreatestarchaeologicalfindsofmankindinthe20thcentury,theSanxingduiRuinssiteinSichuanprovincehascontinuedtoamazetheworld.（3）SinceMay,morethan500culturalrelicshavebeenfoundatthesite.（4）Someofthebronzeartifactsdiscoveredduringthecurrentexcavation（挖掘）haveneverbeenseenbefore,accordingtoexperts.（5）Theywerebeyond"ourpreviousunderstandingofbronzewaresandposedgreatchallengestoourresearch",saidXuFeihong,alectureratShanghaiUniversity.七年級男孩給教材糾錯ABoyReportsMistakeinTextbook（6）“InoticedatinymistakeonPage95oftheEnglishtextbookpublishedbyShanghaiEducationalPublishingHousewhenIwaspreparinglessonsbeforeclass,”saidCuiChenxi（崔宸溪）,a7thgraderinShenyangNo.126MiddleSchool.Cuihadfoundapicturecaptionedas“bee”toactuallybeafly.（7）AneditorofthepublisheronFridayconfirmedtheerrortheymadeafterconsultingabiologyteacherandsaiditwillcorrectthemistakebyreplacingthewrongpictureinareprintedversionafteritgetsapprovalfromtheMinistryofEducation.（8）Theeditoralsothankedthe12-year-oldboyforreportingtheerror,andpraisedhimforbeing“reallyprofessional”.（9）WhenaskedhowhediscoveredthemistakeCuisaid,“It'ssimple.Beeshavetwopairsofwingswhileflieshaveonlyonepairofwingsandbeesareplumpwiththeirroundbellyversusthefly'sslimfigure.翻譯句子（每個句子前標有序號）1.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3._______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