河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2023屆高三上學(xué)期第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題

河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2023屆高三上學(xué)期第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題考生注意：1.本試卷共150分。考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Takeabus.B.Helptheman.C.Getacamera.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Nurseandpatient.B.Bossandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Whattimeisitnow?A.10:20.B.10:12.C.10:32.4.Whatarethespeakersmostprobablytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Anactor.C.Afilm.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthedormitory.C.Inthelibrary.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherewillthewomango?A.Toheroffice.B.Totheairport.C.Totheschool.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Lookforsometoys.B.Meetherboss.C.Takecareofababy.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.B.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.C.Shewantstovisitanothercity.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Helpherwithherstudy.B.Takeabooktoherfriend.C.Teachageographylesson.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.HowdoesJoannafeel?A.Tired.B.Sad.C.Anxious.11.WhydoesJoannawanttomakebreakfast?A.Tolookafterhersickmum.B.Topaybackhermum.C.Topractisecooking.12.WhatcanweknowaboutJoanna?A.Shelovesherfathermorethanhermother.B.Shecangetupearlyeveryday.C.Shehasgotmarried.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheman?A.Ahost.B.Ateacher.C.Adoctor.14.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Howtosavemoney.B.Howtospendmoney.C.Howtobeagoodhousewife.15.Wheredoesthewomanlikeshopping?A.Insupermarkets.B.Indepartmentstores.C.Inoutdoormarkets.16.Whatdoesthewomanstronglyrecommend?A.Fixingthingsbyourselves.B.Hiringsomeonetorepairthings.C.Askingfriendstohelpwiththerepairs.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichschoolistheuniversitymostfamousfor?A.SocialScience.B.Medicine.C.Law.18.Whowillsaysomethingmoreaboutthecourses?A.Thevisitors.B.Thereceptionists.C.Thelecturers.19.Whatisrequiredfordegreecourses?A.Onegroupdiscussion.B.Alongessay.C.Informallectures.20.Whoisthespeechmostprobablyintendedfor?A.Studentsathighschool.B.Teachersatuniversity.C.Teachersathighschool.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALearningaforeignlanguagecanbroadencareeropportunitiesintheUSA.Here’sthereasonwhylearningsomeofthepopularforeignlanguagescanhelpyou.ChineseChineseisconsideredasanimportantlanguagetoenhancebusinessprospectsacrosstheglobe.Ithasthelargestnumberofspeakers.Morethan1.4billionpeoplespeakChinese.Chinesecompanieshaveinvestedinvariousindustriesinothercountries.TherearegreatopportunitiesforemploymentinChinesecompaniesifyoucanmasterChinese.SpanishSpanishisspokenbyabout580millionspeakersacrosstheworld.Ithasthesecondlargestnumberofspeakers.Furthermore,manySpanishcompaniesarerapidlyincreasingtheirpresenceinvariousindustriesliketravelandtourism,translation,teaching,andinternationalbusiness.PortugueseSpokenbyabout230millionpeople,Portugueseisthesixthmostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.Itistheofficiallanguageofeightcountries.There’sagreatdemandforPortu-gueselanguageexpertsinvariousindustries.GermanGermanisthethirdmostpopularforeignlanguagetaughtworldwideandthesecondmostpopularinEuropeandJapan,afterEnglish.Germanhasbetween89and110millionnativespeakers.Germancompaniesaccountfor700,000jobsintheUSA,solearningGermancangivepeoplegreatjoboffers.21.WhydoestheauthoradvisepeopletolearnChinese?A.Theycanfurtherstudyglobalbusiness.B.TheycanhaveanopportunitytogotoChina.C.Theycangetmorejoboffersinvariouscountries.D.Theycanfindachancetotraveltoothercountries.22.Whichlanguagehasthesecondlargestnumberofspeakersintheworld?A.Chinese.B.Spanish.C.Portuguese.D.German.23.WhatcanweknowaboutGermanfromthetext?A.Japanesedislikelearningit.B.ItisthemostpopularlanguageinEurope.C.Itisspokenbylessthan89millionpeople.D.Masteringithelpspeoplegetmorejobopportunities.BAfterIfinishedmyPhDin2014atDukeUniversity,Istayedforanextrayeartofinishapaperandlookforapostdoc(博士后)position.ThefirststepofmyprocesswastodecidewhatIwantedtodowithmycareer,andthenIshouldfindalaboratorythatwouldhelpmetoachievethat.Iwasabitanxiousaboutmakingsuchastrongstatementaboutmycareer—afeelingthatIthinkissharedbymanygraduatingstudents.ThenextstepinmyprocesswastobroadlyidentifywhattypeoffieldIwantedtoworkinandwhichtechniques,systemandorganismIwantedtolearn.SeveralpeopleadvisedmetochangeoneortwoofthesechoicesfrommyPhDwork,whichwasinyeastcellbiology(酵母細(xì)胞生物學(xué)).AlthoughIreallyvaluehavingexperienceinmultiplefieldsandtechniques,Idon'tthinkthischangeisabsolutelynecessary.IalsotalkedmyoptionsthroughwithmyPhDadviser,DanielLew,andmylabmates.Intheend,Idecidedtostayworkingwithyeastbuttotakeonmorebiochemistryapproaches.IthenputtogetheralistofpossiblelabsasIreadpapersanduniversitywebsites.Bythispoint,mypartnerandIhaddecidedthatwewouldliketoliveinEurope,becauseitwouldbeagreatopportunitytomovesomewhereelseandexperienceadifferentwayofliving.IpreferredlabsinEurope,butIincludedmanyintheUnitedStatesaswell.Iappliedtoeightlabsbyemail:fourlabsintheUnitedStatesandfourinEurope.Intheend,IdecidedonJohnDiffley’slabattheFrancisCrickInstituteinLondon.IcouldimaginehowIwoulddevelopasascientistinJohn'slabandultimatelygainmoreindependence.Whenyou'reonanacademiccareertrack,that'sabigpartoftheexperience—becomingindependentanddesigningyourownprojects.24.Whatdidtheauthordofirstforapostdocposition?A.Workinauniversityforanextrayear.B.Lookforaproperlaboratoryforresearch.C.Determinewhattodowithhiscareer.D.Overcomehisanxietyabouthiscareer.25.Whydidtheauthorchooseyeastcellbiologyforhispostdocposition?A.Hethoughtitwaspopular.B.Helikedexperiencingmultiplefields.C.Heacceptedhisadviser’sandlabmates'advice.D.Heconsidereditunnecessarytoworkinotherfields.26.WhatmadetheauthorpreferEuropeanlabs?A.FewsuitablelabsintheU.S.B.Wishingforlivingadifferentlifestyle.C.Abetteropportunitytofinishhispostdoc.D.Focusingonresearchandpursuinghisaim.27.HowwilltheauthorworkinJohn'slab?A.Bydesigninghisownprojects.B.Bysharinghisgoodexperience.C.Bydiscussingyeastingroups.D.BydependingonJohn'shelp.CAmericahasmorethanenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.Buteachyear,billionsofpoundsofperfectlygoodfoodgotowaste.Meanwhile,34millionfacehungerintheUnitedStates.Asthecountry’slargestfoodrescueorganization,FeedingAmericapartnerswithfoodmanufacturers,grocerystores,restaurants,andfarmerstorescuefoodanddeliverittofoodbanksservingourneighbors.Eachyear,108billionpoundsoffoodiswastedintheUnitedStates.Thatequatesto130billionmealsandmorethan$408billioninfoodthrownawayeachyear.Shockingly,nearly40%ofallfoodinAmericaiswasted.Foodgoestowasteateverystageoffoodproductionanddistribution—fromfarmerstopackersandshippers,frommanufacturerstoretailerstoourhomes.Foodwasteinourhomesmakesupabout39%ofallfoodwaste—about42billionpoundsoffoodwaste,andcommercialfoodwastemakesupabout61%ofallfoodwasteor66billionpoundsoffoodwaste.FeedingAmericafocusesonreducingfoodwasteonfarmsandinfoodservice,manufacturing,andretail.Lastyear,theFeedingAmericanetworkandourpartnersrescued4.7billionpoundsofgroceries.Thatfoodwentdirectlytomealsforpeoplefacinghunger.ThismakesFeedingAmericathelargestfoodrescueorganizationinthecountry.Foodrescue,orfoodrecovery,isthepracticeofcollectinghigh-qualityfoodthatwouldotherwisegotowasteanddistributingittopeoplefacinghunger.Weworkwithmanufacturers,retailers,andfarmerstoreducefoodwasteandgetrescuedfoodtopeopleinneed.Weidentifyfoodatriskofgoingtowaste,offerrescuedfoodtofoodbanks,safelyshipfoodoverlongdistancesandkeepfoodfreshlongeronceitreachesafoodbank.28.WhatdoweknowaboutthefoodinAmerica?A.Itisquiteabundant.B.Itisbarelyenough.C.Itiseasilyavailable.D.Itisincreasinglyinsufficient.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“equatesto”inparagraph3mean?A.Consumes.B.Equals.C.Wastes.D.Multiplies.30.HowdoestheauthorrevealthefoodwasteinAmerica?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Byofferingexamples.C.Bylistingreasons.D.Bypresentingdata.31.WhatdoesFeedingAmericaactuallydo?A.Itteachespeoplehowtogrowfood.B.Iturgesgovernmenttotakeaction.C.Itsavesfoodfrombeingwasted.D.Itaimstorelieveworldhunger.DOneofthemostcommonbeliefsamongresearchersisthathumansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica16,000yearsago.Accordingtoarecentfossildiscovery,thatmightnotbetrue.ThenewfindingsuggeststhathumansmighthavearrivedinNorthAmericafarearlier.In2013,adamagedmammoth(猛犸象)skullandotherbonesthatlooked“deliberatelybroken”werefound.Thedamagetothebonessuggestedthathumansweretheoneswhocausedittomaketools.Carbon-datinganalysissuggestedthepiecesareroughly37,000yearsold.Thisdiscoverycouldshiftourunderstandingofhumans'earliestexistenceinNorthAmerica.Thesefossilssuggesthumanskilledanimalsintheareamuchearlierthan16,000yearsago.PreviousresearchledscientiststobelievethefirsthumansthatsettledinNorthAmericabelongedtotheClovisculture.Thiswasagroupofpeoplewholeftbehindcarefullymadetools16,000yearsago.However,carbon-datinganalysisofthemammothbonesindicatesthatthesiteisaround36,250to38,900yearsold.Thatmeansit'stheoldestknownsiteleftbehindbyancienthumansinNorthAmerica.“That’snottheonlyinterestingthingaboutthediscovery,”saidTimothyRowe,aprofessorattheUniversityofTexas.“Thesimilarfindingssupportinganearlierdateforhumanarrivalhavebeenmostlyignored.Thisisbecausetheyhavecontradictedpreviousresearch.”Now,however,hethinksthere'sagoodchancethatresearcherswillfindevidenceofhumansfartherbackintime.Theearlyhumansshapedbonesintosharpblades,whichwereusedtotakeapartanimals’remains,accordingtoRowe.Therearealsosignsthattheycookedtheanimalbonesoverafiretomeltoffthefat.“Therealevidencethatwehavehastodowiththebreakagepatterns,andhowthoroughtheyare.Theymusthaveusedrocksorhammerstonestobusttheskeletonapart…Thesepeoplewouldusewhatevertheycould,”RowetoldUSAToday.32.WhatcanbelearntabouttheearliesthumansinNorthAmerica?A.Theyarrivedthere16,000yearsago.B.Theycausedmammothtodisappear.C.Theycouldmaketoolswithbones.D.TheybelongedtotheClovisculture.33.Whyarethefindingssimilartothenewoneignored?A.Theylackagoodchance.B.Theyfailtodrawattention.C.Theyaren'tstudiedscientifically.D.Theydisagreewithearlierresearch.34.HowdoesRowefindthenewdiscovery?A.Annoying.B.Inspiring.C.Puzzling.D.Embarrassing.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EvidenceofEarlierHumans'ArrivalinNorthAmericaB.TheEarliestHumans’SettlinginNorthAmericaC.TheEarliestToolMakersinNorthAmericaD.ResearchonMammothsinNorthAmerica第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whereveryoulive,youalwayslookforwardtoacomfortablehome.However,peopledon'toftenturnitintowhattheywantbecausetheyworryaboutthecosts.Aetually,thisisacommonmisconception(錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí))—youdon’tneedtospendalotofmoneyinordertomakeyourhomecomfortable._36_.ClearThefirstthingyouneedtodobeforebuyingorrearranginganythingisclearingrooms._37_.Thereisnowaytoturnacluttered(雜亂的)spaceintoanattractiveonewithoutorganizingit.So,thefirstthingyoudoisclearingrooms.Youdon’thavetothrowouteverything.Thoughclearingroomscanbeanongoingprocessthattakestime,it'sworthit.AddGreenPlants_38_.Besidestheeye-pleasingeffectthatplantsandflowershave,theyalsoremovetoxins(毒素)fromtheair,makingyourenvironmenthealthier.Ifthatisn’tenoughforyou,theytendtohelpcalmpeopledown.TryDarkerColorsAnotherthingyoucandotomakearoomlookwarmerisusesomedarkershadesinthedecoration.Lightercolorsaregreatformakingaroomfeelbigger,butdarkercolorscreateacomfortableandattractiveenvironment._39_.AdjusttheLightingThelastthingislighting.Thelightinginaroomcanmakeorbreakit._40_.Thinkofusingthefireplaceifyouhaveone,lightingsomecandlesandhangingupsomestringlights.Evenalampcanmakeallthedifferencetotheenvironmentofaroom.A.WarmlightingcanmakearoompleasantandsweetB.DisorderistheexactoppositeofwarmandattractiveC.Youshouldn'tkeepplantsandflowersinyourbedroomD.ThrowinginsomedarkercolorswillmaketheroomlookperfectE.Besidesmakingitkeepwarm,blanketsaddmorecolortoaroomF.HerearesomeinexpensivewaystomakeyourhomecomfortableG.Onewaytomakearoomattractiveistoaddplantsandfreshflowers第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneofmyfavoriteanonymous(匿名的)actsistopayformealsinarestaurant.Afewyearsago,Iwasatarestaurantwithmyprojectteam,eatingaChristmas_41_.Myviewoftheotherdinnerswasviaa_42_infrontofmefromwhereIwassitting.ItwasaWednesdaynightabout3weeksbeforeChristmassotherewereonlyabout6othertables_43_.About10minutesbeforeweleft,I_44_tolookinthemirror,seeingtwogirls_45_.Theysatnearme.Theystartedto_46_themenuandIcouldhearwhattheysaid.They_47_,“It’ssoexpensive!”Iusually_48_atablethat'salreadyeatingtheirdinnerssoIcangettheircheckfromtherestaurant.Asweleft,ItoldthemanagerIwantedto_49_thetwogirls.Hefiguredthatthehigh_50_was$100includingtaxes,soIgavehim$140andtoldhimtogivethewaiterwhateverwasleftasaChristmas_51_.Touchedbymyact,themanagersaidhewould_52_anythingover$100andgivethewaiter$40.Weagreedthathewouldtellthetwogirlsafterwe_53_thatsomeonehadpaidfortheirmeal.Iwantedthemto_54_whatevertheywantedwithout_55_thecost.ThenextdayIwenttothe_56_againtoeatdinnerwithmyfriends,themanager_57_me.Hewalkedtome.Fromhim,Iknew_58_aboutthethingafterweleft.Thetwogirlsfelt_59_andweremovedtotears.Theyappreciatedthekindnessandsaidtheywouldpassthekindnessontoothersinneed.Idothisseveraltimesayear,butI_60_likethetwogirls'reaction,whichmakesmethinkitvaluabletodosuchthings!4LA.talkB.eventC,dinnerD.debate42.A.waiterB.materialCtableD,mirror43.A.occupiedB’improvedC.createdD.carried44.A.hesitatedB.decidedC,happenedD.turned45.A.spottedoutRcameinC.stayediipD.steppedout46.A.readB.findC.typeD,collect47,A.whisperedliguessedC.apologizedD,explained48.A.embraceB.purchaseC.giveD.pick49.A.breakLipB,liveuptoC.payforD.brushaside50.A.rewardB.expenseC.fineD.salary51.A.resultR.tipC.chanceD.recreation52.A.expressB.wishCinformD.cover53.A.pursuedB.imitatedC.leftD.slipped54.A.orderB.deserveC.ownD.reserve55.A.varyingB.consideringC.simulatingD.grabbing56.AtassociationB.restaurantC.bayD.bakery57.A.recognized3encouragedC,depressedD.abandoned58,A,argumentsB,interpretationsCcriticismsD,details59.A.upsetB,concernedC,surprisedIXinterested60,A,casuallyB.anxiouslyC.slightlyD.really第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheXi’anCityWall,_61_isasymbolofthehistoryandcultureofXi’an,thecapitalofShaanxiProvince,hasbecomeanimportantcitybrandaftercontinuousimprovements.TheXi’anCityWall_62_(build)intheearlyMingDynasty(1368-1644)onthefoundationoftheimperialcitywallsoftheSui(581-618)andTang(618-907)