高中英語選修6unit3語法

dueto6.stressaddicted7.quiteventually8.drugsmanage9.alcoholcigarettes10.adolescentsRevisionCompletethepassagewiththesuitablewordsandphrasesintheirproperforms.

Smoking__________,drinking_______ortakingother_______producemanyharmfuleffectsandhavenorealbenefits.Sowhydo___________doit?Somebeginbecausetheybelieveitmakesthemlookcool.Othersthinkitwillhelpwith_______.Intheirlifepossibly________pressurefromtheirparentsorteachers.cigarettesalcoholdrugsadolescentsstress

dueto

Somejustwanttoseewhatitislike.Whattheydon’trealizeisthattheywillgetintothehabitand________become____________.Itwillthenbedifficultto______thehabit.Afewpeople________toquiteasilybutformanyitisaverypainfulprocess.Ofcourse,thebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottostartinthefirstplace.eventuallyaddicted

quitmanageGrammar

Theuseof“it”Discovering“It”

Itrainsheavily.2.Itis20kilometersfromGranddad'shousetoJames’.3.ItisNovember11,2005.4.Itis9o’clockatnight.5.It'llbelovelyinthegardentonight．

6.Itisbadtosmoke.7.Itislikelythathewillsucceed.天氣距離日期時(shí)間形式主語環(huán)境形式主語1.it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復(fù):Xi’anis

a

beautiful

city,isn’t

it?2.也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子):Isthisyourdog？No,itisn’t.一、it作人稱代詞it有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時(shí)間、日期、距離、價(jià)值、度量、溫度、環(huán)境等，稱為非人稱的it：指天氣：Itisalovelyday,isn’t

it?Itisabitwindy.

2.指時(shí)間:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.3.指環(huán)境:Itwasveryquietin

the

café.4.指距離：Itishalfanhour’s

walk

tothecitycentrefrommyhome.二、it作非人稱代詞5.指日期：--What'sthedatetoday?--It'sMay1,2007.6.指季節(jié)：Itissummernow.7.指度量：Itisabout5kilograms.8.指價(jià)值：----What'sthecostoftheT-shirt?----Itis150yuan.替代作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。三、it用作形式主語（1）Itbeadj.（forsb.）todosth.此處adj.通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…Itisillegal（forateenager）todriveacarwithoutalicense.

1.代作主語的動(dòng)詞不定式（2）Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此處adj.通常為描述人的形容詞：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.It'snogood/usedoing…It's（well）worthdoing…It's（well）worthone'swhiledoing/todo…It's（well）worthwhiledoing/todoIt'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(3)It替代作主語的動(dòng)名詞的常見句型2.it作形式主語替代主語從句

Itisclear(obvious，true，possible,certain…)that...

該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然,真的……）”是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.①Itisadj.+clauseItissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that...該句型中的it仍是形式主語，真正主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句；該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉．．．）”。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.②Itisv-edthat…=sb./sth.istodo③

Itis+noun+從句Itisapity(ashame/anhonor/agoodthing/afact/asurprise/...)that...該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。例如：Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！

四、it作形式賓語

當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式、動(dòng)名詞賓語從句時(shí)，往往把賓語放在它的補(bǔ)足語后面，而用it作形式賓語，放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之前。該句型中的it作形式賓語，常用的動(dòng)詞有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。

Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.我認(rèn)為和他爭吵沒有用。

IfounditveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語非常有趣。Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.他非常清楚地表示他對(duì)那門學(xué)科不感興趣。五、用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中Itis/was

+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who...Itisnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...ImetTominthepark

yesterday.1)Itwas

IwhometTomintheparkyesterday.2)Itwas

Tom

whoImetintheparkyesterday.3)Itwas

inthepark

thatImetTomyesterday.4)ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthepark.Itwasfiveo’clock_________Igothome.Itwasatfiveo’clock_______Igothome.whenthat強(qiáng)調(diào)句用以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語，賓語，介詞賓語以及狀語。（強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)用that和who／whom皆可）Itwasshewho／thathadbeenwrong．是她錯(cuò)了。()Itwasthegirlwhom／thatImetjustnow．我剛才遇見的就是這個(gè)女孩。()ItwasTomtowhomtheteacherhadtalked．老師與其談話的那個(gè)人是湯姆。（）ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened．所有這一切就是在星期一的晚上發(fā)生的。（）主語賓語介詞賓語狀語Itisnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語“直到……才……”，可以說是not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。例如:

ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.六、It常用的固定搭配

makeit（1）在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于succeed，表示：成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時(shí)到達(dá)例

It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.（2）在口語中相當(dāng)于fixthedatefor，表示“約定好時(shí)間”例

—Shallwemeetnextweek？—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.2.takeit/thingseasy相當(dāng)于Don‘tworryordon’thurry.用來勸告別人，表示“不要慌，別擔(dān)心，沉住氣”Takeiteasy！Hewilldoitwell.3.Italldepends/thatalldepends在口語中，相當(dāng)于ithasn‘tbeendecidedyet，表示“那得看情況，還沒有定下來”

—Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday？—It/Thatalldepends.4.It'suptosb.在口語中，相當(dāng)于it'sdecidedbysb.表示“由……決定，由……負(fù)責(zé)，取決于……”—Shallwegooutfordinner？—It'suptoyou.Rewritethefollowingsentences,using“It’s…that”.ExercisesI.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(天津)A.this B.that C.it D.these2.____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(浙江)A.As B.That C.This D.It高考實(shí)例3.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but______didn’thelp.(全國卷III)A.it B.she C.which D.he4.I’dappreciate______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(山東)A.that B.itC.this D.youI’mstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.Thatisamazing.2.Myfatherhasquitsmoking.Thatiswonderful.3.Youcouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.(Itislikely).4.Chinaproducesonethirdoftheworld’scigarettes.Itisreported.ItisamazingthatIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafte