職稱英語考試《綜合類》歷年真題精選及答案0513-43

職稱英語考試《綜合類》歷年真題精選及答案0513-431、Nowadays,wecanpurchasethingson-line.【單選題】A.readB.buyC.rentD.watch正確答案:B答案解析:purchase和buy同義，意為“購買”；read：閱讀、學(xué)習(xí)；rent：租；watch：看、觀看。2、AGlassofMilkOneday,apoorboywhowastryingtopayhiswaythroughschoolbysellinggoodsdoortodoorfoundthatheonlyhadonedimeleft.Hewashungrysohedecidedtobegforamealatthenexthouse.However,helosthisnervewhenalovelyyoungwomanopenedthedoor.Insteadofamealheaskedforadrinkofwater.Shethoughthelookedhungrysoshebroughthimalargeglassofmilk.Hedrankitslowly,andthenasked,"HowmuchdoIoweyou?""Youdon＇towemeanything,"shereplied."Motherhastaughtmenevertoacceptpayforakindness,"hesaid,"ThenIthankyoufromthebottomofmyheart."AsHowardKellyleftthathouse,henotonlyfeltstrongerphysically,butalsoincreasedhisfaithinGodandthehumanrace.Hewasabouttogiveupandquitbeforethispoint.Yearslatertheyoungwomanbecamecriticallyill.Thelocaldoctorswerebaffled.Theyfinallysenthertothebigcity,wherespecialistscanbecalledintostudyherraredisease.Dr.HowardKelly,nowfamouswascalledinfortheconsultation.Whenheheardthenameofthetownshecamefrom,astrangelightfilledhiseyes.Immediately,heroseandwentdownthroughthehospitalhallintoherroom.Dressedinhisdoctor＇sgownhewentintoseeher.Herecognizedheratonce.Hewentbacktotheconsultationroomanddeterminedtodohisbesttosaveherlife.Fromthatdayon,hegavespecialattentiontohercase.Afteralongstruggle,thebattlewaswon.Dr.Kellyrequestedthebusinessofficetopassthefinalbilltohimforapproval.Helookedatitandthenwrotesomethingontheside.Thebillwassenttoherroom.Shewasafraidtoopenitbecauseshewaspositivethatitwouldtaketherestofherlifetopayitoff.Finallyshelooked,andthenoteonthesideofthebillcaughtherattention.Shereadthesewords..."Paidinfullwithaglassofmilk,"signedDr.HowardKellyTearsofjoyfloodedhereyesassheprayedsilently:"ThankYou,God.Yourlovehasspreadthroughhumanheartsandhands."Theboywasverysadwhentheyoungwomenopenedthedoor.【單選題】A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned正確答案:B答案解析:losthisnerves的意思是緊張、膽怯，所以該題所述內(nèi)容是錯的。3、WorkingSuccessfullywithinCulturalBoundariesSoonafterstartingourjobinChina,werealizedthatthegreatestchallengewefacedwouldnotbeourday-to-dayresponsibilitiesbutacompletelyforeignworkenvironmentandculture.Wewereusedtotheverydirect,sometimesconfrontational,butmoreequalstyleofmanagementintheUnitedStates.Here,wewerefacedwiththenever-direct,never-confrontationalstyleofmanagementcommoninAsia.Weoftenhearsimilarstories.OnewomansharedherexperienceofreturningtoChinaaftermorethan15yearsintheUS.AlthoughshespentmostofherchildhoodinChina,shefeltthathercolleagues＇thinkingprocesseswerecompletelyforeigntoher.Sheneededtoadaptherselftothecultureofhercompanyonlythenwouldshebesuccessfulatherjob.Intheend,shewasn＇tabletosuccessfullyre-adaptherselftotheculture.Whatshedidn＇trealizewasthat,ratherthandisagreeingwithherideas,theydisagreedwithhermethodofimplementingthem.Forexample,insteadofrecognizinghercompany＇sstrictchain-of-command,shehadinonecasetakenherplanstraighttothecompanychairman.Thisactionconsequentlycausedhersuperiorstoloseface.ShehadunwittinglybrokenacardinalruleofChineseculture.OnemanwhospentmanyyearsoverseasbeforereturningtoChinatoheadupthelocaloperationsofamultinationalcompany,hadasimilarexperience.Inhisfirstmanagementteammeeting,hepresentedhisplansforanewdirectioninChinaoperations.Hisrequestwasmetwithanuncomfortablesilence,withnoneofthemanagersdaringtospeakup.Theyhadnotbeenpreparedforhisopenstyleofmanagement.Soonhequicklydeterminedthathisfirston-the-jobchallengewouldbetobuildupmanagers＇confidenceinhim,andthathehadtodothisindividually,notinagroup.Withinayear,theirmanagementteammeetingsweretransformedintotheinteractive,brainstormingsessionsthatheintendedthemtobe.Therefore,itwasn＇tuntilafterwehadlearnedtoappreciatethecultureofourworkplaceandearnedtheconfidenceandtrustofourinferiorsthatwewereabletomoveforwardandsuccessfullydoourjob.Wemustfirstunderstandandacceptacultureforwhatitis;onlythenwillwebeabletosuccessfullyworkwithinit.WhatarethedifferencesinstyleofmanagementintheUSAandChinaaccordingtotheauthor?【單選題】A.IntheUSA,itisindirectstyleofmanagement.InChina,itisdirect.B.IntheUSA,itisdirectstyleofmanagement.InChina,itisnever-direct.C.IntheUSA,itisalwaysconfrontational.InChina,itissometimesconfrontational.D.IntheUSA,itisequal.InChinaitisunequal.正確答案:B答案解析:根據(jù)第2段，文中說“我們習(xí)慣了美國的直接、有時針鋒相對，但是更為平等的管理模式，但是在這里我們面臨的是在亞洲普遍存在的不直接、不正面交鋒的管理模式”，因此答案是B4、RoboticHighwayConesAUniversityofNebraskaprofessorhasdevelopedroboticconesandbarrels.____Theycanevenbeprogrammedtomoveontheirownatanyparticularpartoftheday,saidShaneFarritor,anassistantprofessorofmechanicalengineeringatNebraska.Forexample,ifworkersarrivedat6am,theconescouldmovefromthesideofthehighwaytoblockoffthelaneatthattime.Andtheycanreturntotheoriginalplaceattheendoftheday."Itjustseemslikeaverygoodapplicationforrobots,"Farritorsaid."Theroboticconeswouldalsohelpremovepeoplefromhazardousjobsonthehighwayputtingbarrelsandconesintoplace,"Farritorsaidinareportonhiscreation.Wordontheideabeganin2002usingaNationalAcademyofSciencesgrant.ThefundallowedFarritortoworkontheprojectwithgraduatestudentsatNebraskaandhisassistantSteveGoddard.Therobotsareplacedatthebottomoftheconesandbarrelsandaresmallenoughnottogreatlychangetheappearanceoftheconstructionaides."Itwouldlookexactlythesame,"Farritorsaid."Normallythere＇sakindofrubbery,blackbasetothem.Wereplacethatwitharobot..FarritorhastalkedwithofficialsfromtheNebraskaDepartmentofRoadsabouthowtherobotswouldbemostusefultowhattheymightneedTherobotscouldcomeinhandyfollowingaslow-movingmaintenanceoperation,likepaintingastripeonaroadormovingasphalt,wherenowthebarrelshavetobepickedupandmovedastheoperationproceeds."Thatwayyoudon＇thavetoblockoffal0-milestripfortheoperation."Farritorsaid.Whileprototypeshavebeenmade,theyarenotinuseanywhere.Farritorsaidhehasappliedforapatentandisconsideringwhattodonext.Heisthinkingaboutstartingasmallbusiness..Heisalsothinkingaboutmarketingtherobotstoroadsdepartmentsandothersacrossthecountrywhichmaybenefitfromthem.【單選題】A.Andtheycanreturntotheoriginalplaceattheendoftheday.B.Heisthinkingaboutstartingasmallbusiness.C.Farritorwas"InventoroftheYear"in2003.D.Wordontheideabeganin2002usingaNationalAcademyofSciencesgrantE.Wereplacethatwitharobot.F.Theseroboticconesandbarrelscanmoveoutoftheway,orintoplace,fromcomputercommandsmademilesaway.正確答案:F答案解析:第1段要恢復(fù)的句子的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與roboticconesandbarrels有關(guān)。F句中的“Theseroboticconesandbarrels”正好說明F句是第1句的后續(xù)句.these這個代詞把第1、2句連接起來。第1、2句內(nèi)容上是連貫的，證實(shí)第2句是第1句的后續(xù)句。5、AnEarlyFormofJazzMusicMusiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.Attheturnofthelastcentury,whenjazzwasborn,Americahadnoprominentmusic0fitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenwasinventedorbywhom.Butitbegantobeheardintheearly1890s.JazzisAmerica＇scontributiontopopularmusic.Incontrasttoclassicalmusic,which____formalEuropeantraditions,jazzisspontaneousandfreeinform.Itbubbleswithenergy,expressingthemoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920s＇jazzsoundedlikeAmerica.Andsoitdoestoday.Theorigins0fthemusicareasinterestingasthemusicitself.AmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,werethejazzpioneers.TheywerebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtoplantationownersandforcedtoworklonghours.WhenaNegrodied,hisfriendsandrelativesformedaprocessiontocarrytobodytothecemetery.InNewOrleans,abandoftenaccompaniedthebody.Onthewaytothecemeterythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic,suitedtotheoccasion.Furthermore0nthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Deathhadremovedoneoftheirnumbers,butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic,improvisingonboththeharmonyandthemelodyofthetunesplayedatthefuneral.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.【單選題】A.introducesB.followsC.takesD.approaches正確答案:B答案解析:古典音樂發(fā)端于歐洲，所以它遵循的是歐洲傳統(tǒng)。6、AnEarlyFormofJazzMusicMusiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.Attheturnofthelastcentury,whenjazzwasborn,Americahadnoprominentmusic0fitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenwasinventedorbywhom.Butitbegantobeheardintheearly1890s.JazzisAmerica＇scontributiontopopularmusic.Incontrasttoclassicalmusic,whichfollowsformalEuropeantraditions,jazzisspontaneousandfreeinform.Itbubbleswithenergy,expressingthemoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920s＇jazzsoundedlikeAmerica.Andsoitdoestoday.Theorigins0fthemusicareasinterestingasthemusicitself.AmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,werethejazzpioneers.TheywerebroughttotheSouthernstates____slaves.Theyweresoldtoplantationownersandforcedtoworklonghours.WhenaNegrodied,hisfriendsandrelativesformedaprocessiontocarrytobodytothecemetery.InNewOrleans,abandoftenaccompaniedthebody.Onthewaytothecemeterythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic,suitedtotheoccasion.Furthermore0nthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Deathhadremovedoneoftheirnumbers,butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic,improvisingonboththeharmonyandthemelodyofthetunesplayedatthefuneral.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.【單選題】A.likeB.forC.asD.by正確答案:C答案解析:黑人是作為奴隸被帶到南方各州來的。7、GunRightsintheUSImmediatelyaftertheshootingatVirginiaTechUniversity,Americansgatheredtomourn(致哀)thedead.Thepresidentandthestategovernerbothhurriedtheretosharethegrief.ButthemajorityofAmericansstillclingtotheirrighttoownweapons.Strictlyspeaking,theUSisnottheonlycountryheregunviolencehasdestroyedlives,familiesandcommunitiesineverydaycircumstance.ButtheUSisoneofthefewcountriesthatseemunwillingandpoliticallyincapableofdoinganythingserioustostopit.IncountrieslikeBritainandCanada,thegovernmentadoptedstrictguncontrolsoonafterseriousgunviolenceincidents.USleaders,however,areheldhostagebythegunlobby(院外活動集團(tuán))andtheelectoral(選舉)system.ThepowerfulNationalRifleAssociation,themajorsupporterofgunrightsintheUS,istoostrongforanypartytotakeon.MostRepublicansopposeguncontrolanyway.Overtheyears,theDemocratshavefoundthattheycaneithercampaignforguncontrolorwinpower,not____,theypreferpower.AccordingtotheUSBureauofJusticeStatistics,firearm(火器)incidentsaccountedforninepercentofthe4.7millionviolentcrimesin2005.SoalthoughopinionpollsshowmostAmericanswantstrictergunlaws,manypeopledon＇twanttogiveuptheirarmstheykeeptoprotectthemselves.DaveHancock,aVirginiagunlover,isoneexample.Inaninterviewhesaid,"IfoneprofessorintheVirginiaincidenthadbeencarryingalegalweapon,theymighthavebeenabletostopallthis."Inhisopinion,themassacre(大屠殺)isanargumentformorepeopletocarryweapons,notfewer.Americans＇clingingtotherighttobeararmsisnotjustafearofcrime,butamistrustofgovernment,commentedUK＇sGuardiannewspaper.OneVirginiaresident,whohadapermittocarryaconcealed(隱藏的)firearm,toldtheGuardianthatitwaseveryAmerican＇sresponsibilitytohaveagun."Eachperson,"hesaid,"shouldnotrelysolelyonthegovernmentforprotection."【單選題】A.eitherB.bothC.eachD.one正確答案:B答案解析:本題有一定難度，需要認(rèn)真閱讀文章，理解好句意。文章此處是說“要么為槍支控制發(fā)起活動，要么就是贏得總統(tǒng)大選，不可能兩者都做到”，所以最佳答案是B。8、GreenespentabrieftimeatCambridge.【單選題】A.hardB.shortC.goodD.long正確答案:B答案解析:格林在劍橋作了簡短停留。本題難度不大，干擾項(xiàng)干擾不大，是送分題，可以確認(rèn)brief和short都是“簡短的”的意思，答案是B。9、Theyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.【單選題】A.reducedB.turnedC.movedD.reformed正確答案:B答案解析:他們把空余的臥室改成了一間辦公室。本題有一定難度，C項(xiàng)的干擾較大，有相當(dāng)考生選了C，reform是“改革”的意思，而詞組turninto指“把什么變成什么”，最符合converted的意思，是答案。10、StopEatingToomuch"Cleanyourplate!"and"Beamemberoftheclean-plateclub!"JustabouteverykidintheUShasheardthisfromaparentorgrandparent.Often,it＇saccompaniedbyanappeal:"Justthinkaboutthosestarvingorphans(孤兒)inAfrica!"Sure,weshouldbegratefulforeverybiteoffood.Unfortunately,manypeopleintheUStaketoomanybites.Insteadofsaying"cleantheplate",perhapsweshouldsavesomefoodfortomorrow.Accordingtonewsreports,USrestaurantsarepartlytoblameforthegrowingbellies(肚子).Awaiterputsaplateoffoodinfrontofeachcustomer,withtwotofourtimestheamountrecommendedbythegovernment,accordingtoaUSATodaystory.Americanstraditionallyassociatequantitywithvalueandmostrestaurantstrytogivethemthat.Theyprefertohavecustomerscomplainabo