新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)2讀寫教程第三版課文練習(xí)參考答案

/16Therearealotofpeoplewhobehaveirrationally,causingproblemstothemselvesaswellastoothers.It'shardtoanalyzetheexactcausesbehindirrationalbehavior,butweknowthatitisamannerofbehaviorthatisnotbasedonlogicandreasoning.Irrationalbehavioriscausedbyvariousfactorsbuttwostandout.Thefirstmainfactorthatcontributestoirrationalbehaviorisuncontrolledemotions.Irrationalpeopletakeoffenseorgetangrybeforetheactualsituationoccurs.Theybecomeanxiousandexpressexaggeratedemotionssuchascryingandshouting.Theyhaveunrealisticexpectations,expectingeveryonetolikethemandifsomeonedoesnot,theyfeelangryandneglected.Itisfairlycommonforpeopletoshowsuchsignsofirrationality.Toomuchstresscanalsoleadtoirrationalbehavior.Infact,thesedays,stressisthemajorcauseofphysicalaswellasmentalproblems.Stresscreatesfeelingsofanger,irritationandfrustration.Forinstance,whenyouspendastressfuldayintheoffice,itmakesyouanxious.Youstartreleasingyourfrustrationorstressbyscreamingatyourfamilymembersforsmallreasonslikeabadlypreparedmeal.Thatdayyoufeeleverythingiswrong.Insummary,uncontrolledemotionsandtoomuchstresscanresultinirrationalbehavior.Tobehaverationallyisnotaneasyjobbecausethebehaviorisinternalized.However,todiscoverthesourceofyourirrationalitywillhelpyoubehavemorerationally.Translation9極簡(jiǎn)主義是指去掉多余的，僅保留需要的部分、用最簡(jiǎn)單的話來(lái)說(shuō)，極簡(jiǎn)的生活方式，就是生活得越簡(jiǎn)單越好 ,直到獲得心靈的平靜，這種簡(jiǎn)單既是精神上的，也是身體上的：這樣的生活方式會(huì)減輕壓力，帶來(lái)更多自由時(shí)間．并增強(qiáng)幸福感、極簡(jiǎn)主義者會(huì)說(shuō)．他們生活得更有意義了，更從容了，極簡(jiǎn)的生活方式讓他們著眼于生活中更重要的事物：朋友、愛(ài)好、旅游和體驗(yàn)。當(dāng)然，極簡(jiǎn)主義并不意味著擁有物質(zhì)財(cái)富從本質(zhì)上來(lái)講有什么不對(duì)。現(xiàn)在的問(wèn)題似乎在于，我們往往太重視所擁有的東西，而常常拋棄了健康、人與人之間的關(guān)系、我們的熱情、個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)，以及幫助他人的愿望。極簡(jiǎn)主義除了在我們的口常生活中可以得到應(yīng)用，還存在于很多創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域，包括藝術(shù)、建筑、沒(méi)汁、舞蹈、電影、戲劇、音樂(lè)、時(shí)尚、攝影和文學(xué)等。10NationalHappinessIndex(NHI)isanindexthatmeasureshowhappypeopleare.Itisalsoatoolthatmeasuresthelevelsofeconomicdevelopmentandpeople'slivelihoodandhappinessinacountryorregion.WiththefastgrowthofChineseeconomy,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenpayingmoreandmoreattentiontopeople'slivingqualityandtheincreaseofhappinessindex.Thegovernmentstressesimprovementofitspeople'slivelihood,strivingtoimprovetheireconomicconditionsandmeettheirgrowingmaterialandculturalneeds.Currently,theChinesegovernmentadvocatestheunleashingofmorereformdividends,withtheaimofofferingmorerealbenefitstoitspeople.AllthesemeasureswillcombinetoeffectivelyincreasetheNHIofourpeople.Unit6TextBUnderstandingthetext2C2.B3.D4.A5.D6.B 7.A 8.DCriticalthinking3Liketolookgoodinother ’seyes.TendtohavespendinghabitMakethemfeelhappy.WanttobeinfashionFrustrated.BoredConfusedStunnedDon’tknowwhichoptiontheywantmost.Seemtothemthereisneverthebestoption.Wanteverythinglesttheymissa “perfect”one.Humanbeingsaregreedybynature.Manybelieve“Themore,thebetter”.Mostpeoplearetoomaterialistic.Notreallyagoodthing.Makepeoplegreedierandmorematerialistic.Makepeopleexhaustedtomakedecisions.Discourageappreciation.Wordsinuse41.concerning2.specified3.controversy4.rendered5.enforced6.distribute7.highlighted8.implication9.penetrating10.subtract13/16Expressionsinuse51.playedarole2.turnedout3.aredepressedabout4.settlefor5.rushedinto6.outofcontrol7.transferredto8.relyonSentencestructure6The more carefullyhethoughtaboutit,thecleareritbecametohimthatthiswasajobforsomeonewithexperience.The more exerciseyoudo,themoreenergeticyouwillbecome,theeasieryoureverydaytaskswillseem.The more interestingtheplotis,themoreappealingthefilmwillbecometotheaudience.Sentencestructure7Heisnormallyaquietperson,butwhenitcomestosports,hebecomesacompletelydifferentman.WhenitcomestocomputersandtheInternet,allthestudentsbecomeexcited,eacheagertosaysomethingabouthisexperience.AFrenchmanmaybereadytostartachatwithastrangeronatrainorinacaf e,butwhenitcom(FrenchseemtobemorecautiousthantheBritish.Collocation8consciouseffort2.winningstrategy3.limitedchoice4.remotestidea5.temporarypain6.primaryroleCplexdecision9.limitedchoices10.consciouseffort11.naturallyprejudiced12.accumulatingevidenceUnit7TextBReadingskills:11.C2.B3.B4.AUnderstandingthetext21.D2.C3.A4.C5.D6.A 7.B 8.CCriticalthinking3*Similarities:family-oriented,busywithhousechores,cookmeals,takecareofchildren,cleanrooms,dolaundry*Helpandsupportthehusband*educationandbehavechildrenmorally*Maintaintheorderofhome.*Keepthefamilyhealthy*thehusband:Themanissupposedtohavemoreresponsibilitiesforhisfamilysincehephysicallystrongerthanhiswife.*Thewife:thewoman,tosomedegree,ismoreperseveredinovercomingdifficultiesandsheisalwaysfamily-oriented.*Both:Eventhoughtheysharedifferentfamilyresponsibilities,theybothplayimportantandindispensablepolesasparents,husbandorwife.Twoincomesarealwaysbetterthanjustone.*Advantages:abletotakegoodcareoffamily,includingtheirdietandhealth;morecommunicationwithfamily;helpchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.*Disadvantages:alotofstress,exhausted,lessawareoftheoutsideworld,losesocialcontact.*Workoutside:havemanycontacts,communicationwithmorepeople,beinformedoftheoutsideworld,beofmorehelpfinancially.*Stayhome:takebettercareoffamily,paymoreattentiontochildren,providehealthierfoodtofamily,keeptheroomsclean,helpthehusband/wife.Wpounded9.disgusting10.trimExpressionsinuse51. convertto 2.wasrevoltedby 3.wascomprisedof4.busiedhimselfwith5. fussedover6.isuniquein 7.exertingthemselves8.substitutedforSentencestructure6Havingnoideaabouttheirthoughtsandopinion,Iwouldratherfiveuptheattempttoguesswhattheirreactionwillbe.Toavoidmakingmistakes,Iwouldratherbehomealoneandnotcommunicatewithanybody.Theoldmanwouldratherbelivinginthepast,forthingsaremuchmoredifferenttodaythantheywereinthepast.Sentencestructure7Icouldn’tstandbadmannersandthoughtmyleavingwasanythingbutrude,soIgotthenesttrainbackhomeandlefthimthere.Theyusuallylookveryniceandevengenerous,butintermsofintegrity,theyareanythingbuthonest.Whenthetwoyoungpeoplegotmarried,maypeopleattendedtheweddingceremony,yetitwasanythingbutmodern.Warm-up1.strongurge2.Particularlydifficult3.Demandingjob4.makeconcessions5.Socialcontext6.Managementstyle8.1.plausible2.context3.management4.pleasantly5.great6.Strong7subtle8conflicting9personal10typically11diplomatically12vaguelyUnit8SectionAunderstandingthetext:Hebecameachildren ’sdoctorbecauseofthisloveforchildrenandhisstrongdesiretokeepthemhealthy.Heisthoughtofhavingnomoralcompass:Hetorturesinnocentanimalsforhiscareeradvancementandhisexperimentshavingnothingtodowithmedicine.Thepublicbarelywatches,convincedthattheissuehasnosignificancetothem,whilethesenatorandpoliticianscontinuetogivewaytothelobbyingofanimalrightsactivistsTheauthordoesnotreallyadmittheirmistake,butthetoneisapparentlyironic,criticizingthatthephysiciansweretoosofttorespondtotheanimalrightsactivists.Lifeiscrueltobothanimalsandhumanbeings.ifthephysiciandon ’tcreateananimalmodelofthhavetodoexperimentsonhumanbeings,orthemedicalknowledgewillremainstatic.Drugstocureinfectionwillremainundiscovered,surgicalanddiagnostictechniqueswillremainundeveloped,andfundamentalbiologicalprocesseswillremainmysteries.BecauseprotectionfromserioussicknessanddrugsaswellasmostcomplexsurgicalprocedureswereinitiallydevelopedinanimalsinsteadofhumanbeingsIfthemoreradicalmembersofthismovementaresuccessfulinthreateningfurtherresearch,theireffortswillbringaboutatragedythatwillcostthelivesofmanyhumanbeings.Languagefocus：wordinuse3.1.arresting2.omits3.optional4.transplanted5.hencetwisted7.stung8.minute9.imitate10.evilWerferencespecific1.B2.GWerferencespecific1.B2.G3.L6.D7.H8.NNewwordsformedthrillerscarcedeception2.invasion6.Deception4.K5.F9.E10.IspecificinvasionChenameof6.makeacontribution7.beenoccupiedwith8.tipthescales世界自然基金會(huì)（WWF）是一個(gè)致力于有關(guān)保護(hù)、研究和修復(fù)環(huán)境議題的國(guó)際性非政府組織。該組織最初于 1961年被命名為世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)。1986年，它更名為世界自然基金會(huì)，以更好地反映其活動(dòng)范圍。它是世界上最大的、獨(dú)立的自然保護(hù)組織，擁有世界各地超過(guò) 500萬(wàn)的支持者，在 100多個(gè)國(guó)家開(kāi)展工作，并援助約1,300個(gè)與自然和環(huán)境保護(hù)有關(guān)的項(xiàng)目。它的任務(wù)是阻止破壞地球的生態(tài)環(huán)境，建立一個(gè)能使人類與自然和諧相處的未來(lái)。目前，其大部分工作都集中在對(duì)海洋和海岸、森林、淡水的保護(hù)。在其他問(wèn)題上，它也關(guān)注瀕危物種，污染和氣候變化?，F(xiàn)在他們最需要的是資金，以履行其使命和處理與自然保護(hù)有關(guān)的突發(fā)事件。SincethefoundingofNewChina,especiallysincetheeconomicreformanddoor-openingtotheworld,theChinesegovernmenthasmadeconsiderableeffortsineco-environmentalprotectionandachievedeffectiveprogress.Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofimportantmeasurestoprotectandimprovetheecologicalenvironment,suchasactively15/16promotingkeyecologicalprojects,enhancingecosystemconstructionandbiodiversityconservations,establishinganumberofnaturereservation,ecologicaldemonstrationzones,scenicspotsandforestparks.Oneoftheimportantgoalsofbuildingasocialistharmonioussocietyistostrengthenecologicalprotectionandconstructionandtoachieveharmonybetweenmanandnature.Environmental