Unit 1課文閱讀理解 拓展訓(xùn)練 人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

人教版選擇性必修第二冊unit1課文閱讀理解+拓展訓(xùn)練eq\x(Step1Fast-reading)1．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thecauseofcholerawaspollutedwater.B．JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.C．Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.D．JohnSnowdidsomeresearchandhelpedtosolve“KingCholera”．答案D2．Readthepassageandmatchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1A．Snowcollectsinformationandofferssolutions.Para.2B．Snowdesirestodefeatcholera.Para.3C．Snowisdeterminedtoinvestigate.Para.4D．JohnSnowisthefatherofmodernepidemiology.Para.5E．Snowfindsthetruthofcholera.答案Para.1BPara.2CPara.3APara.4EPara.5Deq\x(Step2Careful-reading)Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhichofthefollowingtheoriesdidJohnSnowbelievein?A．Badaircausedthedisease.B．Peopleabsorbedcholeraintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.C．Peoplegotinfectedwithcholerabecauseofcoldandhunger.D．Peoplesufferedfromcholerabecausetheywerenotclean.2．WhatwasthekeytohelpforJohnSnow’sdiscovery?A．Thegovernment.B．ThewomanwhohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet.C．Thewatercompany.D．Themapmadebyhimself.3．Atlast，“KingCholera”wascontrolledby.A．usingmedicinesinhospitalB．drivingpatientsoutofthecountryC．dealingwiththepollutedwaterD．gettingridofallkindsofpollution4．WhatconclusiondidJohnSnowdrawaccordingtotheevidence?A．Choleramultipliedinthewater.B．Pollutedwatercarriedthevirus.C．Acloudofdangerousgascausedcholera.D．Choleracouldneverbecontrolledeventhoughitscausewasfound.5．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Anewspaper.B．Amedicalreport.C．Abookreview.D．ATVinterview.答案BDCBAeq\x(Step3Post-reading)Afterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.Intheearly19thcentury,1._______aseverecholerahitEurope，JohnSnowbecame2._______(frustrate)becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.3._____heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.Snowsubscribedtothetheorythatcholera4._______(cause)byan5._______(infect)fromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowbeganby6._______(mark)onamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.As7._____result，JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwater8._______(carry)choleragerms.9.______(according)，hehadthehandleofthepump10.______(remove)sothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention，thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.1.when2frustrated3But4wascaused5infection6marking7a8carried9Accordingly10removed1．Intheearly19thcentury，whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope，millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.[____________________________________________________________2．Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.[____________________________________________________________3．Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.[____________________________________________________________1句式分析]該句為復(fù)合句。Intheearly19thcentury，millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease是主句；when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞theearly19thcentury。[自主翻譯]在19世紀(jì)早期霍亂爆發(fā)時(shí)，數(shù)百萬人死于這場疾病。2[句式分析]兩句均為復(fù)合句。兩個that都引導(dǎo)表語從句。[自主翻譯]一個理論說壞的氣體引發(fā)疾病，另一理論則說霍亂是通過食物或水中的細(xì)菌感染引起的。3[句式分析]此句是復(fù)合句，Itseemedthat...是固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)，意為：好像……，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“名詞或代詞＋seem＋動詞不定式”句型；so...that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，在從句中haditdelivered...中的delivered作賓語補(bǔ)足語，意為“讓別人送水”，此處it指代thewaterfromthepump。[自主翻譯]這位女士似乎非常喜歡這個井里面的水以至于每天讓人給她運(yùn)來。板塊二--拓展訓(xùn)練AThediseasemalaria(瘧疾)hascausedtroubletomankindthroughouthistory.Inthe1860sasthedrugcalledchloroquinebegantoloseitseffectiveness，malariabegantoappearagaininSoutheastAsia.Everycountryintheworldtheneq\x(poured)hugeamountsofhumanresourcesintodiscoveringanotheranti-malariadrug.In1964，ChinaputforwardtheplantoseekabreakthroughfromamongtraditionalChinesemedicinaldrugs.Therewasnogreatdiscoveryuntil1981.WhenChinesescientistTuYouyougaveaspeechtitled“ChemicalResearchintoArtemisinin(青蒿素)”ataninternationalconferenceoftheWHO.Thespeechwasregardedasalifelineformalariasufferers.TuYouyougraduatedfromtheMedicalCollegeofPekingUniversity.In1969，justastheresearchintotreatingmalariahadreacheddeadend，the39-year-oldTu，inordertoovercomethisterribleproblem，tookonthejobasheadofaresearchteamintothisproblem.ThefirstthingTudidwasinterviewexperienceddoctorsofChinesemedicine.ThensheandhercolleaguesconductedvariouskindsofexperimentsonhundredsofkindsofChinesemedicinalherbs，includingartemisinin.However，theresultsweredisappointing:eventhoseinvolvingartemisinin，whichhadbeenuniversallywellregarded，werelessthansatisfactory.Butlater，whenTufoundarelevantpassagewrittenbyGeHongoftheEasternJinDynasty(317-420)，itoccurredtoherthathightemperaturesdestroyartemisinin’seffectiveness:itneedsalowtemperaturetoworkproperly.Thediscoverypointedtoabrand-newdirectionforTuandherresearchteam.Finally，in1972，anextract(#R40)ofitwasfoundtobeonehundredpercenteffectiveagainstthedisease!In2000theWHOannouncedartemisininwasaleadinganti-malarialdrug，andpromoteditworldwide.Sofar，ithasbeenplayingagreatroleinthebattleagainstmalaria.Beginningattheageof39，Tudevotedherlifetoherresearch.In2015，attheageof85andasthefirstChinesescientist，shereceivedaNobelPrizeinphysiologyormedicine.HowdidTumanagetoaccomplishsuchagreatachievement?Youprobablyhavetheanswertothatalready.1．Whatcanbelearntabout“chloroquine”fromParagraph1?A．ItcontributedtoTu’sgreatdiscovery.B．ItwasdiscoveredbyexpertsinSoutheastAsia.C．ItwasabreakthroughoutofChinesemedicine.D．Itusedtobeeffectiveagainstthediseaseofmalaria.2．WhatdidTuYouyoudoafterreadingapassagebyGeHong?A．Sheintervieweddoctorstocollecttheirexperience.B．Sheattemptedtoheattheextractatalowtemperature.C．Shemadenecessaryadjustmentsineachstageofherresearch.D．Sheexpandedaccesstotheanti-malarialdrugaroundtheworld.3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainreasonforTu’ssuccess?A．Youreapwhatyousow.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.D．Liveandlearnthroughyourmistakesorexperience.答案DBABMadameCurie，theyoungestofthefivechildren，wasborninWarsaw，Polandin1867.MarieCurie’smaidennamewasManya.Herparentswereteachers，andshelearnedtheimportanceofeducationataveryearlyage.NohighereducationwasofferedtowomeninPolandatthattime，soManyatookajobasatutor.ShesentpartofherincometoParistohelppayforhereldersister’smedicalstudies.Hersisterqualifiedasadoctorandmarriedafellowdoctorin1891.ManyawenttojoinedtheminParis，changinghernametoMarie.SheenteredtheSorbonne(nowtheUniversityofParis)andstudiedphysicsandmathematics，graduatingatthetopofherclass.Fortheresearchshewantedtodo，shewasintroducedtoanotheryoungscientist，PierreCurie.Later，theyfellinlovewitheachother.AftershewasrewardedtheNobelPrize，fametroubledMarieCurieandalsoherhusband，becausesciencewastheirworldandinthisworldofscience，fameandhonortopersonshadnovalue.OnedaywhenawriterforanewspapertriedtoaskMarieaboutherself，herthoughtsandherbeliefs，sheansweredhim，“Insciencewemustbeinterestedinthings，notinpersons.”Muchoftherealcharacterandspiritofthisunusualwomanwasfoundinthesefewwords，whichshewaslateroftentorepeat.Oneevening，atabigparty，afriendaskedifshewouldliketomeettheKingofGreece，whowasalsoaguest.Sheansweredinhersimplemanner，“Idon’tseethevalueofit.”Then，seeingthatshehurtthefeelingofherfriend，shequicklyadded，“But...but...ofcourse，Ishalldowhateveryouplease.Justasyouplease.”4．WhatdidMarieCurieoncedotohelppayforhereldersister’smedicalstudies?A．Shewasateacher.B．Shewasadoctor.C．Shewasatutor.D．Shewasawaitress.5．WhatwasvaluabletoMarieCurie?A．Scienceandresearch.B．Fameandhonor.C．Characterandspirits.D．Personsandthings.6．Thewriterforanewspaperwasinterestedin.A．things B．MarieCurieC．Marie’shusband D．persons7．WhatdoyouthinkmighthavehappenedbetweenMarieCurieandtheKingofGreece?A．TheKingwasangrywithMarieCurie.B．ForthesakeofherfriendMarieCuriemettheKingofGreece.C．TheKingofGreecewrotealettertoinviteMarieCurietomeethim.D．MarieCurieheldanotherpartyfortheKing.答案CADBCPeopletendtobecomemorepersonalandhidelessofthemselveswhenusingemail.ResearchersfromOpenUniversityinBritainhavefoundinarecentstudythattherearegoodreasonsforthis.Theteamofresearchersasked83pairsofstudents，allstrangerstoeachother，tosolveaproblem.Theyhadtodiscussthisquestion:Ifonlyfivepeopleintheworldcouldbesavedfromaworlddisaster，whoshouldtheybe?Thepairsofstudentshadtotalkovertheproblemeitherfacetofaceorbycomputers.DrJohnsonsaid，“TheytoldtheirpartnersfourtimesasmuchaboutthemselveswhentheytalkedovertheInternetaswhentheytalkedfacetoface.Whenthecomputerswerefittedwithcamerassothatstudentscouldseeeachother，thislimitedthepersonalsideoftheconversation.”Generallytheinformationwasnotextremelypersonal.Itwasmainlyaboutthingssuchaswheretheywenttoschool，orwheretheyusedtolive.Butsomestudentsdiscussedtheirlovestories，andpersonalchildhoodexperiences.DrJohnsonbelievesthatemailingencouragespeopletofocusonthemselves.Andwhentheydothis，theybecomemoreopen，especiallyiftherearenocameras.“Ifyoucannotseetheotherperson，itbecomeseasiertotalkaboutyourself.Thisisbecauseyouarenotthinkingwhattheotherpersonisthinkingofyou.Soemailinghasbecomethemodernwayoftalking，”saidDrJohnson.However，thisstyleoftalkingisnotentirelynew.“Inthe19thcenturypeoplestartedtousethe‘telegraph’tocommunicate.Nowthesamekindofthinghashappenedandpeopleendedupspeakingmorefreely.”DrJohnsonthinksthatemailersneedtoknowabouttheseeffectsofemailing，especiallywhentheystartworkinacompany.“Ifyoudon’tknowaboutit，youcouldfindyourselfsayingmoreaboutyourselfthanyouwantedto.”8．Thesubjectdiscussedinthispassageis.A．howpeopleopenupwhenemailingB．howpeopledoresearchstudiesC．howtocommunicateatworkD．howtodiscussandsolveaproblem9．Thereasonthatsomecouplestalkedfreelyaboutthemselvesisthat.A．theydidn’ttalkaboutverypersonalthingsB．theycouldn’tseeeachotherC．thecamerasonthecomputerswereturnedonD．theyhadtodiscussaquestion10．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencereferto?A．Thetelegraph.B．Thecomputer.C．Emailing.D．Face-to-facetalk.11．Inthewriter’sopinion，oneshould.A．focusononeselfwhenemailingB．talkmorefreelyinemailsthanusualC．discussanysubjectthatonewantstoD．considerhowoneusesemailatwork答案ABCDⅡ.七選五Walkingmusicisanytypeofmusicthatapersonusestohelphimorherwalkandmaintainasteadypaceandrhythmduringexercise.12Ifsomeoneisnotinterestedintheworkoutandiswalkingtoenjoythesceneryorjusttogetoutside，thenmusiccouldalsobechosen.Themusicchosenaswalkingmusicwillusuallybemusicthatheorshefindsespeciallymotivating.Thismaynotbeasfastpacedasmusicchosenforrunning.13Howitischo