礦物加工工程大作業(yè)

資料一資料二資料三資料三原煤粒度組成篩分結(jié)果綜合K=100%粒級(jí)粒A級(jí)煤煤灰分/%0選12.091.241.290.046.331.052.430.0512.091.241.290.046.331.052.430.0522.0752.5879.2661.99煤煤23.1053.9980.3065.23煤煤煤煤煤煤煤24.5110.7411.5018.379.5516.209.1224.5110.7411.5018.379.5516.209.1250～0合計(jì)原煤總計(jì)一、原煤篩分實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果三層原煤篩分實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果綜合表二層(k2=45%)Ad/%126.58136.580.490.331.188.575.380.470.620.877.3315.919.2514.4818.1311.3122.168.7684.09100.00煤29.673.270.180.000.954.412.950.100.010.463.537.934.778.428.553.299.192.8537.0745.0012.091.241.290.0414.666.331.052.430.059.8624.5110.7411.518.379.5516.29.1275.481003.020.310.320.013.671.580.260.610.012.476.132.692.884.592.394.052.2818.8725.0017.5754.6678.9783.8231.1419.2856.4879.8879.5133.8932.4027.3024.1723.2821.3517.6217.2621.5023.230.490.3377.9550.6532.2561.621.188.57煤5.380.470.6273.0446.4847.6236.6230.5125.8219.9615.8215.3421.3522.960.877.3334.1734.4432.3429.8127.4123.3919.7227.9529.4815.919.25煤煤煤煤煤煤14.4818.1311.3122.168.7684.09100.00表2123456789表21234567897.6891234567814.2315.2424.3412.6521.4612.0810010.7411.518.379.5516.29.1275.4834.4432.3429.8127.4123.3919.7227.9538.8821.6917.97.7110.153.6710042.6933.2129.2628.7321.6419.3834.1550~0.5mm灰分30.5616.8222.7611.4418.6910.0210027.6323.1619.6929.4724.5234.17150~2525~1313~611.0017.2221.5513.4526.3510.42100.0027.3024.1723.2821.3517.6217.2621.505.603.612.321.462.230.7015.9135.9531.9232.0531.0926.9727.9132.4130.5625.7224.2822.4618.4718.0523.2450~0.5mm灰分為23.786~33-0.50.5~050~0合計(jì)84.09100.00100.00100.003層煤+50mm破碎級(jí)篩分試驗(yàn)結(jié)果綜合表二層（k2=7.93%）粒級(jí)占本級(jí)/%校正1635.9531.9232.0531.0926.9727.9132.4113590.120.210.330.370.590.241.853.102.070.890.621.020.247.939.5338.882.3842.7135.195.605.3221.691.3333.2322.663.6135.9531.9232.0531.0926.9727.9132.411.1029.2814.562.320.4728.759.191.462.4910.150.6221.6613.992.230.93.6724.521006.1334.17100.0015.91表3資料三0.5-0篩分實(shí)驗(yàn)%%粒級(jí)mm占本級(jí)/%灰分/%灰分%16.816.7917.0916.6824.918.44<0.045合計(jì)灰分%155.119.680.5624.901002.8518.44Δ17.26-17.96=-0.50<0.2校正灰分84.637681168.7617.96表5表5表5占本級(jí)/%占全樣/%灰分/%/kg/L2.858.6716.228.048.7118.3222.6731.1>1.80合計(jì)16.831001.539.1252.2819.51占本級(jí)占全樣占本級(jí)/%原生煤泥小篩分綜合灰分為17.26Δ=17.26-17.85=-0.59<0.2校正灰分表4表450-0.5浮沉實(shí)驗(yàn)表%表450~0.5mm原煤浮沉試驗(yàn)綜占本級(jí)/%占全樣/%灰分/%26.0713.0421.6930.0541.33>1.80小計(jì)煤泥總計(jì)75.1030.3835.0430.54100.0089.98密度級(jí)Ad/%占本級(jí)占全樣Ad/%占本級(jí)占全樣/%Ad/%Ad/%占本級(jí)/%占全樣/%Ad/%/Kg.L-135.1810.2519.4928.5941.0074.7423.7624.2323.78Δ=23.76-23.71=0.05<0.2,校正灰分0.5-0占本級(jí)%占全樣%Ad/%占本級(jí)%占全樣/%Ad/%5.181.633.451.380.880.480.9410.355.0110.0018.9927.9840.5873.8523.0910.2519.4928.5941.0074.7423.7814.4723.2235.1961.8917.5112.6286.5410.76100.0014.00100.0013.5796.89總計(jì)100.00以上是對(duì)入選原煤的資料性質(zhì)的分析下面繼續(xù)進(jìn)行流程計(jì)算:工藝流程的計(jì)算1.工藝流程計(jì)算的目的、依據(jù)和原則在選煤廠設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中，工藝流程的計(jì)算是其中一項(xiàng)重要的環(huán)節(jié)，是在已確定的工藝流程和工作制度下進(jìn)行的。工藝流程計(jì)算應(yīng)達(dá)到以下目的：⑴計(jì)算出各作業(yè)入料和排料的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量；⑵使整個(gè)工藝流程的煤、水、介質(zhì)數(shù)質(zhì)量和質(zhì)量達(dá)到平衡，為繪制數(shù)、質(zhì)量工藝流程圖提供可靠的依據(jù)；⑶為計(jì)算所需各工藝設(shè)備的數(shù)量提供資料和依據(jù)；⑷為投資概算提供分析的依據(jù)；⑸為投產(chǎn)后的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理，生產(chǎn)指標(biāo)分析對(duì)比提供參考。為保證工藝流程計(jì)算結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性和提供數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性，在流程計(jì)算時(shí)必須依據(jù)：⑴已經(jīng)科學(xué)合理的選擇確定的工藝流程；⑵已經(jīng)整理合格的入廠（入選）原料煤的篩分、浮沉及可選性試驗(yàn)資料；⑶設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范規(guī)定并符合實(shí)際的各種技術(shù)參數(shù)；⑷根據(jù)選煤廠的生產(chǎn)能力和工作制度，可退算出的小時(shí)處理量：Q=Q/T0t式中——選煤廠小時(shí)處理量，t/h；Q——選煤廠年生產(chǎn)能力，t/h；0T——選煤廠年工作日數(shù)，d/a；t——選煤廠日工作小時(shí)數(shù)，h/d。①非用戶型選煤廠年工作日數(shù)可選為300天，每日兩班生產(chǎn)，工作按16小時(shí)計(jì)，即T=300，t=16；②用戶行選煤廠的年工作制度可以與所服務(wù)的用戶廠一致。工藝流程計(jì)算的原則和應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：工藝流程計(jì)算時(shí)必須遵守?cái)?shù)、質(zhì)量平衡的原則，即進(jìn)入某作業(yè)各種物料數(shù)、質(zhì)量總和應(yīng)等于該作業(yè)排出的各種物料數(shù)、質(zhì)量總和。計(jì)算時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：（1）對(duì)于灰分、硫分等指標(biāo)必須用加權(quán)平均的方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算。.（2）水分指標(biāo)采用水量平衡原理進(jìn)行計(jì)算。（3）百分?jǐn)?shù)必須是同一基礎(chǔ)量時(shí)才可以運(yùn)算；計(jì)量單位必須相同才可以運(yùn)算。例如，計(jì)算各作業(yè)的質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，必須以入廠（或入選）原煤100%為基數(shù)；又例如，水量必須均采用t/h或m/h同一計(jì)算單位方可進(jìn)行運(yùn)算。3（4）計(jì)算固體物料數(shù)量平衡時(shí)，應(yīng)采用干燥基進(jìn)行。（5）進(jìn)行工藝流程計(jì)算時(shí)，必須按照作業(yè)順序進(jìn)行。2.工藝流程計(jì)算(一)準(zhǔn)備作業(yè)的計(jì)算按照選煤廠設(shè)計(jì)工藝流程,先進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備作業(yè)的計(jì)算,即主選跳汰前篩分作業(yè)的計(jì)算。0下面進(jìn)入分選機(jī)算：產(chǎn)率/%灰分/%產(chǎn)率/%灰分/%17.0655.8970.4478.4085.4274.74100.0023.7523.7624.2323.78總計(jì)100.000.5~50可選性曲線坐標(biāo)計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)浮物累計(jì)曲線沉物累計(jì)曲線基元灰分曲線Y1產(chǎn)率/%密度曲線產(chǎn)率/%密度8.5310.2519.4928.5941.0074.748636.4863.1674.4281.9192.7110.9312.7215.0523.75100.0086100100三層煤0~0.5級(jí)浮沉實(shí)驗(yàn)綜合表累計(jì)產(chǎn)率/%23.90100.0017.2715.2524.6435.3162.4916.72>1.80總計(jì)100.0017.2710.76100.00基元灰分曲線Y1產(chǎn)率/%0.009.3038.2965.8778.7886.5194.6215.2524.6435.3162.4917.27100.0080100801000.5-0密度級(jí)<1.30占本級(jí)%占全樣/%Ad/%占本級(jí)%占全樣%Ad/%14.7733.6012.596.8910.2519.4928.5941.0074.7423.7610.0119.0728.1440.5973.8923.1615.2524.6435.3162.4917.266.08>1.80總計(jì)12.6214.24100.0013.5795.30100.0086.54100.008.76分選密度±0.1/（g/㎝3）密度級(jí)/Kg.L-1密度級(jí)/(g/產(chǎn)率/%產(chǎn)率/%灰分/%產(chǎn)率/%灰分/%1673.89100.0023.11總計(jì)100.0023.16產(chǎn)率/%0.008.4636.0462.3773.5980.9892.1888100（二）破碎作業(yè)的計(jì)算破碎前后按數(shù)量、質(zhì)量不變。篩分試驗(yàn)破碎級(jí)的粒度特性，代表本作業(yè)的結(jié)果。分選作業(yè)的計(jì)算實(shí)際與理論分選密度差值10.1~20.0中等可選0~0.0520.1~30較難選0~0.06密度差值范圍/g·cm-30~0.040.02~0.080.04~0.1原煤中小于0.5mm級(jí)含量%大于2010~127~820~159~106~7小于105~7肥、焦、瘦其他類煤不分級(jí)選煤5~63~4根據(jù)0.5-50mm浮沉實(shí)驗(yàn)綜合表和可浮性曲線，當(dāng)精煤灰分為10%時(shí)，確定理論分選密度要求的精煤灰分為，精煤產(chǎn)率是70%，分界灰分，中煤段理論分選密度為1.42g/㎝3當(dāng)分選密度為㎝3時(shí)，分選密度±0.1鄰近物的產(chǎn)率是25%，由書(shū)上104頁(yè)表4-5可知，原煤較難選。當(dāng)要求的矸石灰分為65%時(shí)，γ，δ=1.7g/cm.，用表4-5確定實(shí)際分選密度δ3==1.38g/cmδ=1.78g/cm按表4-2不分級(jí)跳汰選煤取矸石段I=0.15，中煤段I=0.17。每個(gè)密度級(jí)的平均值，用跳汰近似公式法3,312計(jì)算分配率，根據(jù)F（t）-t值表查出所需要的分配率。（T值公式在書(shū)中P102.）跳汰再選時(shí)，不完善度查的為I=0.19.根據(jù)F（t-t值公式在書(shū)中P102.）跳汰再選時(shí)，不完善度查的為I=0.19.根據(jù)（t）-t值表查出所需要的分配率。計(jì)算結(jié)果如下I=0.17δp2o=1.38g/cm3-5.11614723-1.661194659-0.3262720750.6707947551.4669372432.4237254743.8388004387.7937.2274.8692.8799.2399.991.35-3.6032349671.45-2.4732258941.55-1.5709310750.020.675.4231.3486.81.72-0.4865710791.117180547A/%130.000.005.1817.065.187.791.335.1815.735.181.30-1.4038.8310.250.020.0110.2538.8210.2537.2214.4510.2524.3710.251.40-1.5014.5519.490.670.1019.4914.4519.4974.8610.8219.493.6319.491.50-1.607.9628.595.420.4328.597.5328.5992.876.9928.590.5428.591.60-1.807.0241.0031.342.2041.004.8241.0099.234.7841.000.0441.00>1.80合計(jì)14.5974.7486.8012.6674.741.9374.7499.991.9374.740.0074.74100.0023.7615.4068.2484.6140.2922.4844.319.46再選跳汰I=0.17入料>1.80合計(jì)74.7422.4874.7426.2474.7411.6840.2929.8710.42精煤的綜合產(chǎn)率是44.08%，綜合灰分是10.49%查表5-9可知，采用不分級(jí)跳汰選，次生煤泥量選擇6%（占全樣），根據(jù)上面的計(jì)算，進(jìn)行綜合可得到選煤產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)平衡表煤泥分配計(jì)算如下：煤泥的總量=4%+6%+8.76%+0.70%=19.46%灰分=6%*23.75%+4%*24.23%+8.76%*17.26+0.70%*27.91）/19.46%=21.08%按照經(jīng)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，全部煤泥的85%分配到精煤中去，10%的煤泥分配到中煤中去，最后5%的煤泥分配到矸石中，進(jìn)行煤泥的分配。分配到精煤中的煤泥=19.46%*85%=16.54%中煤中的煤泥=19.46%*10%=1.95%Az=26.24%矸石中的煤泥=19.46%*5%=0.97%Ag=48.24%所以精煤中煤泥的灰分Aj=（19.46%*21.08%-1.95%*26.24%-0.97%*48.24%）/16.54%=18.88%因此，得到進(jìn)入分級(jí)篩的數(shù)，質(zhì)量：分配到精煤中的煤泥加上精煤產(chǎn)率γ=16.54%+44.08%=60.62%處理量灰分Q=312.5*60.62%=189.44t/hA=(16.54%*18.88%+44.08%*9.88%)/60.62%=12.34%100%，篩下產(chǎn)物的產(chǎn)率為：γ=γ=60.62-45.63=14.99%上入下A=9.88%上2、斗子撈坑、離心脫水機(jī)脫水作業(yè)（1）為了敘述方便，開(kāi)始計(jì)算時(shí)暫時(shí)不考慮循環(huán)負(fù)荷，而且認(rèn)為全部13~0.5mm粒級(jí)都被撈出，成為提升物，在提升物中-0.5mm的煤泥有30%~50%，也就是撈坑的分級(jí)效率為50%~70%左右。提升物γ=γ+γ（30~50）%=44.08*0.66+16.54*0.4=35.71%5A=（45.63*13.14-16.54*0.6*18.88）/35.71=11.54%5Q=35.71%*312.5=111.59t/h灰分較高時(shí)，為了保證達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)的脫泥效率，應(yīng)該加噴水脫泥。每噸末精煤噴水水耗為每小時(shí)0.33篩下物γ=16.54%*40%*65%*100=4.30%8篩下物灰分A=A8篩上物γ=γ-γ=35.71%-4.30%=31.41%758篩上物灰分A=（γA-γA）/γ=(35.71*11.54-4.30*18.88)/31.41=10.54%755887離心脫水機(jī)脫水效果以及離心液中所含固體含量與所使用的離心脫水機(jī)型號(hào)有關(guān),如果沒(méi)有可供資料依據(jù),可按下列方法計(jì)算:γ=γ*50%=γ*(30~50)%*50%=16.54%*65%*40%*50%=2.15%973離心液中粗煤泥的含量及灰分：γ=γ-γ=2.20%-2.15%=0.05%9A=9.88%+2%=11.88%離心液A=（0.05*12.34+2.15*18.88）/2.20=18.73%末精煤灰分A=（31.41*10.54-2.20*18.73）/29.21=9.92%9γ=γ=2.15%9為了方便計(jì)算，這里僅考慮一次返回?fù)瓶拥难h(huán)量，即假定γ。返回?fù)瓶雍?，?部被撈坑的溢流帶走，則：γ=γ+γ+γ=45.63%+4.30%+2.20%=52.13%438有循環(huán)量的溢流：γ=γ-γ=γ+γ+γ-γ86453105=52.13%-35.71%=16.42%A*A+γ*A+γ*A-γ*A)/γ=106338810556（45.63*13.14+4.30*18.88+2.20*18.73-35.71*11.54）A=（精γ=14.99*9.88+29.21*9.92）/44.20=9.91%1.95%+24.06%=26.01%中A=26.24%中γ=%+12.40%=13.37%0.97矸A=(12.40*68.24+0.97*48.24)/13.37=66.79%矸3、下面進(jìn)行浮選流程計(jì)算:煤泥浮選的主要指標(biāo)，如浮選精煤灰分和浮選精煤產(chǎn)率等，在方案比較時(shí)已經(jīng)與重選有關(guān)的指標(biāo)統(tǒng)一考慮，這里可以根據(jù)煤泥浮選實(shí)驗(yàn)資料進(jìn)一步確定。通常浮選為兩產(chǎn)品，可以先確定浮選精煤灰分和尾煤灰分，在按前面說(shuō)的兩種產(chǎn)品數(shù)、質(zhì)量平衡公式進(jìn)行計(jì)算。浮選精煤進(jìn)行過(guò)濾時(shí)，濾液返回礦漿準(zhǔn)備器，為了簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算，設(shè)濾液中的固體含量為零。尾煤采用壓濾脫水時(shí)，也是假定壓濾濾液中固體含量為零。干燥作業(yè)的計(jì)算不考慮煙道氣帶走的塵量，也不考慮某種干燥機(jī)對(duì)精煤干燥后增加灰分，認(rèn)為進(jìn)入與排出的數(shù)、質(zhì)量相同，通過(guò)干燥后只降低產(chǎn)品灰分。經(jīng)0~0.5mm可選性曲線查得浮選精煤灰分是10%,浮選精煤的理論產(chǎn)率是85%,理論分選密度是1.68g/cm3根據(jù)入料γ=16.42%A=18.87%=69.21%9.9326.2469.2166.7923.6313.37100總計(jì)最后進(jìn)行水量流程的計(jì)算:水量計(jì)算時(shí),可以先確定產(chǎn)品水分指標(biāo),計(jì)算產(chǎn)品帶走水量,進(jìn)而確定使用總的清水量。如果作業(yè)所需清水量大于生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品帶走水量，個(gè)別作業(yè)的補(bǔ)加清水應(yīng)采用澄清水代替使用。水平衡計(jì)算步驟：1.水量。2.根據(jù)水量平衡原理，找出各作業(yè)多余的水量或應(yīng)該補(bǔ)加的水量。2．矸石水分指標(biāo)：取M7=25%，Q7=13.37%*312.5=41.78t/h則矸石帶走水量：W7=Q7*M7/（100-M7）=13.93t/h3．中煤水分指標(biāo)為：M8=15%，Q8=26.01%*312.5=81.28/h則中煤帶走水分為：W8=Q8*M8/（100-M8）=14.34t/h4．塊精煤水分指標(biāo)：M11=9%，Q11=312.5*14.99%=46.84t/h則塊精煤帶走水分：W11=Q11*M11/（100-M11）=4.63t/h5.再選機(jī)用水：Q8=41.10%*312.5=128.44t/h水分指標(biāo)取3.5m3/t所以再選跳汰用水量