數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯

/8數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯代數(shù)部分有關(guān)數(shù)*算add,plus加？subtract減?difference差？？multiply,times乘?product積？divide除?divisible可被整除的？dividedevenly被整除?dividend被除數(shù)，紅利？divisor因子，除數(shù)？quotient商？remainder余數(shù)？？factorial階乘？power乘方?radicalsign,rootsign根號？roundto四舍五入？tothenearest四舍五入有關(guān)集合union并集？propersubset真子集？solutionset解集？？有關(guān)代數(shù)式、方程和不等式algebraicterm代數(shù)項？liketerms,similarterms同類項？numericalcoefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)？literalcoefficient字母系數(shù)？？inequality不等式？triangleinequality三角不等式？？range值域？？originalequation原方程？equivalentequation同解方程，等價方程?linearequation線性方程（e.g.5？x？+6=22）？有關(guān)分?jǐn)?shù)和小數(shù)properfraction真分?jǐn)?shù)？improperfraction彳假分?jǐn)?shù)？mixednumber帶分?jǐn)?shù)？vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分?jǐn)?shù)？simplefraction簡分?jǐn)?shù)？complexfraction繁分?jǐn)?shù)？？numerator分子？denominator分母？（least）commondenominator（最?。┕帜?？quarter四分之一？decimalfraction純小數(shù)？infinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)recurringdecimal循環(huán)小數(shù)？tenthsunit十分位？？基本數(shù)學(xué)概念arithmeticmean算術(shù)平均值？weightedaverage加權(quán)平均值？geometricmean幾何平均數(shù)？exponent指數(shù)，冪？base乘冪的底數(shù),底邊？cube立方數(shù)，立方體？squareroot平方根？cuberoot立方根？？commonlogarithm常用對數(shù)？digit數(shù)字？constant常數(shù)？variable變量？？inversefunction反函數(shù)？complementaryfunction余函數(shù)？linear一次的，線性的？factorization因式分解？absolutevalue絕對值，e.g.I-32|=32？roundoff四舍五入？有關(guān)數(shù)論naturalnumber自然數(shù)？positivenumber正數(shù)？negativenumber負(fù)數(shù)？oddinteger,oddnumber奇數(shù)？eveninteger,evennumber偶數(shù)？integer,wholenumber整數(shù)？positivewholenumber正整數(shù)？negativewholenumber負(fù)整數(shù)？？consecutivenumber連續(xù)整數(shù)？realnumber,rationalnumber實數(shù),有理數(shù)？irrational(number)無理數(shù)？？inverse倒數(shù)？compositenumber合數(shù)e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……?primenumber質(zhì)數(shù)e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意：所有的質(zhì)數(shù)(2除外)都是奇數(shù)，但奇數(shù)不一定是質(zhì)數(shù)reciprocal倒數(shù)？？commondivisor公約數(shù)？multiple倍數(shù)？(least)commonmultiple(最小)公倍數(shù)？？(prime)factor(質(zhì))因子？commonfactor公因子？？ordinaryscale,decimalscale十進(jìn)制？nonnegative非負(fù)的？？tens十位？units個位？？mode眾數(shù)？median中數(shù)？？commonratio公比？？7.數(shù)列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差數(shù)列？geometricprogression(sequence)等比數(shù)列？？approximate近似？(anti)clockwise(逆)順時針方向？cardinal基數(shù)？ordinal序數(shù)？directproportion正比？distinct不同的？estimation估計，近似？parentheses括號？proportion比例？permutation扌非列?combination組合？table表格？trigonometricfunction三角函數(shù)？unit單位,位？幾何部分所有的角alternateangle內(nèi)錯角？correspondingangle同位角？verticalangle對頂角？centralangle圓心角？interiorangle內(nèi)角？exteriorangle外角？supplementaryangles補(bǔ)角？complementaryangle余角？adjacentangle鄰角？acuteangle銳角？obtuseangle鈍角？rightangle直角？roundangle周角？straightangle平角？includedangle夾角？？所有的三角形equilateraltriangle等邊三角形？scalenetriangle不等邊三角形？isoscelestriangle等腰三角形？righttriangle直角三角形？oblique斜三角形？inscribedtriangle內(nèi)接三角形？？有關(guān)收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外semicircle半圓？concentriccircles同心圓？quadrilateral四邊形？pentagon五邊形？hexagon六邊形？heptagon七邊形？octagon八邊形？nonagon九邊形？decagon十邊形？polygon多邊形？parallelogram平行四邊形?equilateral等邊形?plane平面?square正方形，平方?rectangle長方形?regularpolygon正多邊形?rhombus菱形?trapezoid梯形??其它平面圖形arc弧?line,straightline直線?linesegment線段?parallellines平行線?segmentofacircle弧形??有關(guān)立體圖形cube立方體，立方數(shù)?rectangularsolid長方體?regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面體?circularcylinder圓柱體?cone圓錐?sphere球體?solid立體的??有關(guān)圖形上的附屬物altitude高?depth深度?side邊長?circumference,perimeter周長?radian弧度?surfacearea表面積?volume體積?arm直角三角形的股?crosssection橫截面?centerofacircle圓心?chord弦?radius半徑?anglebisector角平分線?diagonal對角線?diameter直徑?edge棱?faceofasolid立體的面?hypotenuse斜邊?includedside夾邊?leg三角形的直角邊?medianofatriangle三角形的中線?base底邊，底數(shù)（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底數(shù)）?opposite直角三角形中的對邊?midpoint中點(diǎn)?endpoint端點(diǎn)?vertex（復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices）頂點(diǎn)？tangent切線的?transversal截線？intercept截距？？有關(guān)坐標(biāo)coordinatesystem坐標(biāo)系？rectangularcoordinate直角坐標(biāo)系？origin原點(diǎn)？abscissa橫坐標(biāo)？ordinate縱坐標(biāo)？numberline數(shù)軸？quadrant象限？slope斜率？complexplane復(fù)平面？？8.其它planegeometry平面幾何？trigonometry三角學(xué)？bisect平分？circumscribe外切？inscribe內(nèi)切？intersect相交？perpendicular垂直？pythagoreantheorem勾股定理？congruent全等的？multilateral多邊的？1.單位類cent美分？penny一美分硬幣？nickel5美分硬幣?dime一角硬幣?dozen打（12個）?score廿（20個）？Centigrade攝氏?Fahrenheit華氏？quart夸脫？gallon加侖（1gallon=4quart）？yard碼？meter米?micron微米？inch英寸？foot英尺？minute分（角度的度量單位，60分=1度）？squaremeasure平方單位制？cubicmeter立方米？pint品脫（干量或液量的單位）？？2.有關(guān)文字?jǐn)⑹鲱}，主要是有關(guān)商業(yè)intercalaryyear（leapyear）閏年（366天）？commonyear平年（365天）？depreciation折舊？downpayment直接付款？discount打折？margin利潤？profit利潤？interest利息？simpleinterest單利？compoundedinterest復(fù)利？dividend紅利？decreaseto減少到？decreaseby減少了？increaseto增加到？increaseby增加了？denote表示？listprice標(biāo)價？markup漲價？percapita每人？ratio比率？retailprice零售價？tie打Chapteronefunctionnotation方程符號函數(shù)符號quadraticfunctions二次函數(shù)quadraticequations二次方程式二次等式chaptertwoEquivalentalgebraicexpressions等價代數(shù)表達(dá)式rationalexpression有理式有理表達(dá)式horizontalandverticaltranslationoffunctions函數(shù)的水平和垂直的平移reflectionsoffunctions函數(shù)的倒映映射chapterthreeExponentialfunctions扌旨數(shù)函數(shù)exponentialdecay扌旨數(shù)式衰減exponent扌數(shù)propertiesofexponentialfunctions扌數(shù)函數(shù)的特性chapterfourTrigonometry三角學(xué)Reciprocaltrigonometricratios倒數(shù)三角函數(shù)比Trigonometricfunctions三角函數(shù)Discretefunctions離散函數(shù)數(shù)學(xué)mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem計算calculation運(yùn)算operation證明prove假設(shè)hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命題proposition算術(shù)arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加數(shù)augend,summand加數(shù)addend和sum減minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被減數(shù)minuend減數(shù)subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend乘數(shù)multiplicator積product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除數(shù)dividend除數(shù)divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan運(yùn)算符operator數(shù)字digit數(shù)number自然數(shù)naturalnumber整數(shù)integer小數(shù)decimal小數(shù)點(diǎn)decimalpoint分?jǐn)?shù)fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive負(fù)negative零null,zero,nought,nil十進(jìn)制decimalsystem二進(jìn)制binarysystem十六進(jìn)制hexadecimalsystem權(quán)weight,significance進(jìn)位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效數(shù)字significantdigit無效數(shù)字insignificantdigit代數(shù)algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)單項式monomial多項式polynomial,multinomial系數(shù)coefficient未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation階乘factorial對數(shù)logarithm指數(shù)，冪exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower開方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthroot集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union補(bǔ)集complement映射mapping函數(shù)function定義域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range常量constant變量variable單調(diào)性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity圖象image數(shù)列，級數(shù)series微積分calculus微分differential導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative極限limit無窮大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)無窮小infinitesimal積分integral定積分definiteintegral不定積分indefiniteintegral有理數(shù)rationalnumber無理數(shù)irrationalnumber實數(shù)realnumber虛數(shù)imaginarynumber復(fù)數(shù)complexnumber矩陣matrix行列式determinant幾何geometry點(diǎn)point線line面plane體solid線段segment射線radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian銳角acuteangle直角rightangle鈍角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base邊side高h(yuǎn)eight三角形triangle銳角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角邊leg斜邊hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem鈍角三角形obtusetriangle不等邊三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等邊三角形equilateraltriangle四邊形quadrilateral平行四邊形parallelogram矩形rectangle長length寬width菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五邊形pentagon六邊形hexagon七邊形heptagon八邊形octagon九邊形enneagon十邊形decagon十一邊形hendecagon十二邊形dodecagon多邊形polygon正多邊形equilateralpolygon圓circle圓心centre(BrE),center(AmE)半徑radius直徑diameter圓周率pi弧arc半圓semicircle扇形sector環(huán)環(huán)ring橢圓ellipse圓周circumference周長perimeter面積area軌跡locus,loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面體tetrahedron五面體pentahedron六面體hexahedron平行六面體parallelepiped立方體cube七面體heptahedron八面體octahedron九面體enneahedron十面體decahedron十一面體hendecahedron十二面體dodecahedron二十面體icosahedron多面體polyhedron棱錐pyramid棱柱prism棱臺frustumofaprism旋轉(zhuǎn)rotation軸axis圓錐cone圓柱cylinder圓臺frustumofacone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面積surfac