新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(第二版)綜合教程2 1-4單元課后題答案

UnitOneLivinginHarmonyEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:bunch1)amazed2)shift3)bundle4)drop5)capacity6)participating7)style8)commerce9)rob10)symbol11)appreciated12)displayed13)slip14)conquer15)roast16)figured17)Intheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:1) inrichcontrastto2) areexposedto3) riskedhislife4) relyonatknife-point5)6) standsout7) runscontraryto8) flagdown9) picks/pickedup10)tookagambleon11)pulledaway12)pulledoverIncreasingYourWordPowerCollocationsLookattheadverbslistedintheboxbelow,anddecidewhichadverbisneededtocollocatewiththeverbineachsentence.Fillthecorrectadverbintotheblankinthesentence.Thesamewordmaybeusedinmorethanonesentence.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:outoverbackdownoverupoutbackdownoutupoverbackoutdownoverStudythedifferentmeaningsoftheword“than”inthefollowingsentences.AnswersforReference:Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Productionhereneedstemperatureslowerthan25degreesCelsius.Iliketokeepthingsratherthanthrowthemaway.Thereisnobodyhereotherthanme.She’dratherleaveherjobthan(beforcedto)workforthatboss.WordBuildingNowchoosetheChinesemeaningfromColumnBthatmatcheseachitalicizedwordinColumnA.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:d.knjagfbompechilGrammarinContextThe–ingformandtheinfinitiveformoftheverbChooseeithertheinfinitiveformorthe–ingformoftheverbinthebracketstocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.Answers:preparingtothankrepairing/toberepairedtogetstudyingbeingtreatedmissingtoreducetoleaveworryingThe–edformandthe–ingformoftheverbStudythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentiontothe –edformandformoftheverb.Reflectonitsgrammaticalfunctionineachsentence.Task：CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsintoEnglish,payingattentiontotheuseofthe-ingformandthe-edformofverbs.Answers:keptnodding,ratherconfusedFallenleavessurprised,hidingDeeplymovedfollowingBeing,interestedlocatedreadingClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.1:

ingintriguedpennyforcoveredtreatedamazedcontrarygenerallywhateverinvitedattentivewhereTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninAnswersforReference:Therumorabouthisdivorceisjustaploytogainpublicityforhisnewfilm.Hetookagambleonstartingafactorywithallthemoneyhisparentshadlefthim.Afterwinningtheimportantgametheyhoistedtheircaptaintotheirshouldersinshoutingtriumph.Intherushtogoforglobalization,weshouldwatchoutforcollisionofcultures.Inthecircumstancesitwasnotsurprisingthattherewastrouble.Thebabyistheverypictureofhealth.PeoplehaverealizedthedangersofexposingchildrentoviolenceandsexonTV.Wealwayshadinmindforwhomweweremakingthefilm.Theme-RelatedWritingChooseChooseoneofthefollowingwritingtasksandcompleteitafterclass.Writeanessay(ofabout250words)aboutamemorableexperienceinwhichyouhelpedastrangerorwerehelpedbyhimorher.Writeanessay(ofabout150words)abouthumanrelationshipsinoursociety.Thefollowinghintsmightserveasaguide:Theproblemsexistingintherelationshipsbetweenpeopleinoursociety.Thenegativeresultssuchproblemsmaybringabouttooursociety.Whatcanyoudotohelpestablishaharmonioussocietyasastudent?▆SampleEssayforTask1:Oneweekendmorning,whilewalkingonabustlingstreetwithalightheart,Iwassuddenlyovertakenbyastartlingmoan.Turningaround,Idiscoveredthesoundwascomingfromablackmassinacorner.“What’sthat?”Myheartpoundedheavily.Iwentupandsawahumanbeing,alivebutinadreadfulstate.Hewascrouchingonthegroundwithdeformedhandsandlegs,mumblingsomething.Hehadobviouslylostthenormalabilitytomoveandwork.Adirtyplatewasplacedinfrontthemiserable-lookingman,inwhichthereweresomecoinsandsmallnotes.Asmyeyesweredriftingawayfromhim,hiseyescaughtminesuddenly.Whateyestheywere! withmiseryandexpectation,theywerelookingstraightatme.Hewasunabletospeak,butIseemedtohearhispleadingvoiceandreadhisdespairingmind.Hislookseemedtobetellingmeabouthishardlifeandhislongingforhelp.Forawhile,Iwasatalosswhattodo.ShouldIdropsomecoinsintheplatelikesomeotherpassers-byorturnawayinindifference?Irecallednewsreportsaboutmenpretendingtobebeggars,whowereactuallyhealthyandabletowork.Couldthisbeanotheroneofthosescams?Butthebeggarwasthere,groaningandliving.Thensomethingseemedtohitmehard.Idrewafive-yuannotefrommypocket,droppeditinhisdirtyplateandwalkedawayquicklyinsilence.“Nogooddeedistoosmall.”Maybeweneedtobearthissayinginmind.▆SampleEssayforTask2:Wearelivinginaworldofdistrust.Welivebehindcoldsecuritybars;wedonottalktostrangers,letalonegooutofourwaytohelpthem;weliveinfearoffakeproducts.Inshort,fearandfeelingsofinsecurityfilltheenvironmentwelivein.Allthisgreatlyharmsoursociety.Growingupinsuchanenvironment,wetendtofeelisolatedandcareonlyaboutourselves.Ifthingsgoonlikethis,‘trust’,‘teamwork’,and‘harmony’willeventuallybecometermsunheardof.Inmyopinion,trustingothersandbeingtrustworthyarethetwobasicprinciplesthatweshouldfollowifwewanttoimprovehumanrelationships.Wemaynotbeinapositiontochangeothers,butwecanchangethewayothersseeusbywinningtheirtrustinus.Mutualunderstandingandlovearethepillarsthatsupportaharmonioussociety.UnitTwoOptimismandPositiveThinkingEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:positivestartledperspectivehardenshapeaddresscrisescurseincredibleconverselyissueresponsepriorrareaccomplish Intheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:getthehangofhavelivedthroughmakesadifferencehavenoideaconcernedwithslippedoverranintoinreversemulloverIncreasingYourWordPowerDecidewhetherorisneededtocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.Changetheverbformwherenecessary.Answers:doesmaketakedomakeTakedonetakenmakingtook Ineachofthefollowingsentencesyouaregiventwoconfusablewordsorexpressionsinbrackets.Choosetheappropriateonetofillintheblank.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:concernedConcerningrejectdeclinedunconscioussubconsciousformerprecedingraiseriseNowmatcheachoftheEnglishwordinColumnAwithitsChineseequivalentinColumnB.Youconsultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:djkabhcflegiGRAMMARINCONTEXTTask1:Whenitisusedasacanmean/“though/“since/becausintheway/mannerth,etc.,anditcanalsobeusedinacomparativestructure.Studythefollowingsentencesandexplainthemeaningofineachsentence.Answersforreference:intheway/mannerthatthough/althoughwhensinceusedinacomparisonthoughwhileinthewaythatTask2:CompletethefollowingsentencesaftertheexamplebytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,using“as”asarelativepronoun.Answersforreference:asyoudescribe/havedescribed/describedasconcerneveryoneofusAsiswellknownAsweallcanseeasyoushow/asyouhaveshownforyourteacherAsisreported/announcedintoday’spapersClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromthisunit.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.▆Answers:perspectivedespairnecessityperformConverselyprophecywhereasachieverecognizedealtwithattitudechannelsconcernedTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.Answersforreference:Onlythosewhohavelivedthroughasimilarexperiencecanfullyappreciatethis./Theonlypeoplewhocanfullyappreciatethisarethosewhohavelivedthroughasimilarexperience.Scientistshavebeenhardpressedtofigureouthowtheseparticlesform/areformedandinteract(withoneanother).ThosewhohavegotthehangofRubisCube(MagicCube)canreturneachfacetoconsistingofonecolourinnotime.Theindividualsuccessoftheemployeesinateamenvironmentresultsinsuccessforthecompany.Thewar,althoughsuccessfulinmilitaryterms,lefttheeconomyalmostinruins.Hedecidedtochannelhisenergiesintosomethinguseful,insteadofbeinggluedto/sittinginfrontoftheTVsetalldaylong.There’sadifferencebetweenstrengthandcourage.Ittakesstrengthtosurvive.Ittakescouragetolive.Shewasbynatureaveryaffectionateperson,alwaysreadytogiveahelpinghandtoothers.Theme-RelatedWritingDoeitherofthefollowingtwowritingtasks.Youmaydrawonsomeusefulideasandexpressionsfromvarietyofsources,suchasthetwotextsinthisunitortheInternet. Havingreadthetwopassagesinthisunit,youmayhavecometoabetterunderstandingoflifeandthetimeswhenpessimisticandoptimisticthoughtstaketurnstoaffectyourbehaviour.Writealetterofencouragement(ofabout150words)tooneofyourhighschoolfriendswhofailedinthecollegeentranceexamination.Tellhimorheraboutyournewunderstandingoftheneedtoremainoptimistic.Thewritersofthetwotextsinthisunitconveytousthemessagethatweneedtolookatthepositivesideofanythingthatcomestousandthatweneedtotakeanoptimisticandpositiveattitudetowardlife.Writeanessay(ofabout150words)toshareyourideaswithyourclassmates.Thefollowinghintsmaybeofsomehelp:Whatismeantby“thinkingpositively”?Whatistheconnectionbetweensuccessandoptimism?Howcanwekeepanoptimisticandpositiveattitude?SampleLetterforTask1:DearWeihua,Iknowyouarestillfeelingupsetaboutyourresultsinthecollegeentranceexamination.I’vejustreadanarticleabouthowpessimisticandoptimisticthoughtscanaffectourbehaviourandI’mnowsendingyouacopy,hopingthatitwillhelpyoustepoutoftheshadows.Naturally,failingthecollegeentranceexaminationcanbeverydepressing,yetifyoucontinuetodwellonthepast,youwillneverbeabletopickyourselfupandfocusonwhatismoreimportantfornowandthefuture.Lifeisfulloftrialsandanyonemaysuffersetbacks.Wemusttakeanoptimisticattitudetowardsthethingswehavetodealwith.Optimismandpositivethinkingarepowerfulforces.Goodthingsdocometrueifwepicturethemoften.Pleasedohaveconfidenceinyourpotential.Justworkhardandprepareforanotherchance.Youwillmakeit.Yours,Janet(152words)SampleEssayforTask2:Thinkingpositivelymeansallowingyourmindtobefilledwithoptimisticfeelings,andalwayshopingthebestthoughstillawareofthedifficultiesthatmightbeinvolved.Thehumanmindispowerful;thoughtsofoptimismandpessimismcanbeaself-fulfillingprophecy.Thoughitmightseemimpossibletosome,positivethinkingandsuccessactuallyhaveacause-and-resultrelationship.Thereasonisthatapersonwithpositivethinkingwillalwaysbroadcastgoodwillandconfidenceandthatkindofradiatingattitudewilltakeaholdoneverybody.Gradually,people’sattitudewillshifttowardsmoretrustandrespect.Thisnotonlyopensupmoreopportunitiesfortheindividual,butitalsofeedsbackemotionally,andthecyclecontinues.Thoughtheshapingofapositiveornegativepersonalityoftenhappenssubconsciously,itispossibletocontrolsuchprocessesconsciously.Apersoncantryvisualizingfavourablesituations,whetheritisrememberingacontestwonasachildorimagininggettingthatjoboffersolongsoughtafter.Overtimecircumstanceswillchangeaccordingly.(169words)UnitThreeTheRoadtoSuccessEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearntinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:favourablediscouragedconsentedneglectcreptsufficienttracedsomewhatrefreshworthyprospectsresolvedremarkedundergorewardedIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:oIncreasingYourWordPowerListedintheboxbelowaresomeunitnouns.Discusstheirmeaningsandthencompletethefollowingtablebyfillingintheappropriateunitnoun.Thesameunitnounmaybeusedformorethanonce.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:aasliceofbreadabunchofacanoforangeanitemofbusinessasliceofmeatacanofbeeranarticleofasheetofpaperaparticleofrockabarofsoapasheetofglassanarticleoffurnitureaparticleofdustabarofchocolateabunchofflowersanitemofexpenseWordssuchasrespectful,respectableandrespectivemaycauseconfusionbecausetheyaresimilareitherinmeaningorinspelling.Tocommunicateeffectively,weneedtopayspecialattentiontosuchconfusablewords.Answers:neglectedneglectfulcolourfulcolouredroughtoughworthworthyfavourablefavouriterespectfulrespectablerespectiveconsiderateconsiderableWordBuildingMatcheachoftheEnglishwordinColumnAwithitsChinesemeaninginColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:1) d. 2)i 3)l 4)a 5)k 6)o 7)p 8)b9) m 10)n 11)e12)c13)f 14)g 15)h 16)jGrammarincontextStudythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentiontothesubordinateclausesandconnectives.Reflectontheirgrammaticalfunctionandthendothetaskthatfollows.Task:Fillintheblanksinthefollowingsentencesbychoosingproperconnectivesfromtheboxbelow.Answersforreference:1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever 5) what6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that 10) thatStudythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentionto“thepreposition+relativepronoun”structure.Reflectontheirusesandthendothefollowingtask.Task:Completethefollowingsentencesusingaprepositionandarelativepronoun.Answersforreference:1）ofwhich2) forwhich3) inwhich4) inwhom5) ofwhich6) towhich7) forwhich8) atwhichClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordsandphraseschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachtargetwordisgiven.▆Answers:1)for 2)aware 3)affair 4)prospects 5)storage 6)matter 7)plunged 8)break9)offered 10)dancing 11)cleared 12)welled 13)stick 14)sacrifices 15)publishedTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:RumourhasitthathisnewbookisbasedonatruestoryaboutafamilyinasmallTennesseetown.Heteachesinamiddleschool,buthedoessometranslationwork onthesidetobringinextracash/money.It’sgoodtobeconfident(aboutyourself),butthere’sadifferencebetween(self-)confidenceandconceit.Onlythosewhostickitoutcanachievesuccess.Thosewhogiveuphalfwaywillneverrealizetheirdreams.Atrueheropossesses/hascourage,anoblepurposeandawillingnesstomakesacrifices.Anyonewhopicksupthisnovelandreadsthefirstparagraphwillbehardpressedtoputitdown.Inasense,lifeislikeswimming;ifyoukeepholdingontothesidesofthepool,you(will)neverlearn.Thefutureofanationdependsinalargemeasureuponthequalityofeducationandtraining.Theme-RelatedWritingWriteanarrativeessay(ofabout150words)aboutyourpursuitofadreamorsomeone’sexperiencesinmakinghis/herdreamcometrue.SampleessayLiHui,myfriendinhighschool,wasbornintoaworker’sfamily.Shebegantodreamofbecomingacartoonartistfromherchildhood.Toherdisappointment,herparentsstronglyopposedhercareerchoice,becausethecostofhereducationwouldbetoohighforthepoorfamily,andtheywereworriedaboutthejobopportunitiesforacartoonartist.However,LiHuiwouldnotchangehermind.Sheworkedhardtoperfectherskillsandsearchedpersistentlyforwaystorealiseherdream.Justbeforeshefinishedhighschool,thechancecame:afamousartschoolwasholdingacartoondrawingcompetition.Thefirstthreewinnerswouldbegivenascholarshiptostudycartoondrawingattheschool.LiHuitoldherselfnottoletthechanceslipthroughherfingers.Shereadilyparticipatedandwonthesecondplace.SheisnowstudyingthereandIfeelcertainthatherdreamwillcometrue.(156words)Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutthekeyfactorsforsuccess.Writeashortessay(ofabout150words)andshareyouropinionswithyourclassmates.Sampleessay:Inmyopinion,beforeapersonbecomessuccessful,heorsheshouldfullyunderstandthebasicelementsofsuccess:competence,determinationandoptimism.Forapersontosucceed,heorshehastofacegreatcompetitionandexcelinhisorherchosencareer.Thepersonneedstodemonstrateandprovehisorhercompetenceindealingwithproblems.Withoutcompetence,thepersoncanneitherstandoutamongthecrowdnorattracttheattentionofthosewhoholdthekeystothedoorsofopportunityandadvancement.Yetabilityalonecannotguaranteesuccess.Oftenenough,thingsdonotgothewaywehaveplannedandfailureisunavoidablenomatterhowintelligentorcapablewemaybe.Insuchcasesoneneedstoremainfirmandoptimistic,alwaysbelievingthathardworkwilleventuallypayoff.Ifthepersongivesuphalfway,successwillneverknockatthedoor.(149words)EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgiven.Changetheformwherenecessary.■Answers:objectivecurrentadoptexhibitcaptureintegratedoutstandingstrategiesconvincestriving/strivediagnosedsidespacedthickpainfuleventuallyfascinatingconfidence19)label20)creations Intheboxesbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.■Answers:atrestdroppedoutdryingoutdropindawnedonfallsawaydrownedoutonthesidelinesfallingoutstartoverlosefaithsignoffIncreasingYourWordPowerFillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithaproperprepositiongiveninthebox.Answers:withtowithonatwithfrombeyondfromon12）toStudytheuseofbutindifferentcontextsandthendothetaskthatfollows.Answersforreference:Whatcanwedobutsitandwaitforapassingcartobringustoacitynearby?Heliedtothecourtnotjustonce,butonseveraloccasions.“GonewiththeWind”was/isagreatmovie,butitwas/isalittlelong.Ihad/havenochoicebuttoacceptthechallenge.Thesituationlooked/looksdesperate,buttheydidn’t/don’twanttogiveup.Butfortheseinterruptions,themeetingwouldhavefinishedearlier.WhoelsebutJohnwouldhaveplayedatricklikethat?ShewasthebestsingerinChinaatthattime.Icouldnotbutadmireher.Themachinesweboughtwerecheap,buttheywentquitewell.Becausehehad/hasasorethroathewas/isunabletoswallowanythingbutliquids.WordBuildingMatcheachoftheEnglishwordsinColumnAwithitsChinesemeaninginColumnB. mayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:jkghibnlfcmdaeGrammarinContextTask1:Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformoftheverbgiveninbrackets,payingspecialattentiontotheuseoftheactivevoiceandthepassivevoice.Answers:bedoneawaywithis/getspunishedbeingerectedHavingbeenignoredbelievingtohavesentbelookedupspeak/speakingbeinginterviewedtakenTask2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingspecialattentiontothedifferencesinthechoiceoftheverbvoice.AnswersforReference:杰克，有你的電話。賀卡上印有“新年快樂”的字樣，在下面還有一條附言。給了他們兩天的時間來為會議作必要的準(zhǔn)備。物體受熱時膨脹。你的筆寫起來很流暢。ClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.Answersconnectingadvancesignificancebackwardspathwell-worntruesatisfiedbelievewhatsettledevastatingstumbleddestinationtrappeddrownTranslation▆TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.AnswersforReference:Ijustcan’tfigureherout,she’samysterytome.Hetravelledfromonevillagetoanother,droppinginonfamiliesandlisteningtotheircomplaintsandproblems.JimalwayssideswithJohninanargument.ThenitdawnedonmethattheywerespeakingSpanish.Theyhavetolivewiththeconsequencesoftheirwrongdecision.Hiswordsweredrownedoutbyloudcheersfromthecrowd.Ilookedattheprintedpagebutthewordsmadenosense.Wemustawakenpeopletotheneedtoprotectourenvironment.THEME-RELATEDWRITINGChooseoneofthefollowingwritingtasksandcompleteitafterclass.BasedonTextAandwhatyou’vediscussedin“VoicingYourViews”,writeashortessay(