英語(yǔ)派生詞歸納35736

v1.0可編輯可修改v1.0可編輯可修改ill-不加在名詞、形容詞前虐待ill-treat 信息不足的ill-informed不禮貌的ill-mannerednon-表示”加在名詞、形容詞、nonexistenta. 不存在的nonsmokinga.不不,非”副詞或作形容詞的準(zhǔn)吸煙的nonstopa.直達(dá)的分詞上表示時(shí)間和其他關(guān)系的前綴前綴意義用法例詞re-表示：再一次，重新用于動(dòng)詞及派生名詞名詞、形容詞及其它名詞前(=again)renew,續(xù)借reborn,rebuild,reappear,retellfore-表示：時(shí)間或位置的“在前面”加在動(dòng)詞或名詞前(=before)foresee,foreleg,foretell預(yù)言,foreknow預(yù)卜pre-表示：在前、事先、預(yù)先加在名詞或形容詞前(=before,infront,inadvanee)prepay,prewar,preschool,prehistorypost-表示：時(shí)間和順序的“在后邊”加在名詞或形容詞前(=after,behind)post-war,post-graduatea-表示：在之上，向，在里加在動(dòng)詞或名詞前，構(gòu)成派生形容詞、副詞或介詞asleep,along,aloud,,alive,acrossco-表示：聯(lián)合、共同加在名詞或動(dòng)詞前eo-worker,coexistco-own,co-ownerinter-表示：“互相”、“在一起”加在名詞、形容詞前構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞(=between,among)interchange,internationalmid-表示：中間加在名詞前(=middle)midday,midnightsuper-表示：?jiǎn)J級(jí)、在之上加在名詞前(=above,over,upon)superpower,超級(jí)大國(guó)，superstructure上層建筑over-超過(guò)加在動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞前overstudyn.用功過(guò)度overworkn.過(guò)度勞累overactv. 表演過(guò)火overdosen.藥物過(guò)量overproductionn. 生產(chǎn)過(guò)度overcrowdeda.擠滿的

ex-表示"前面的，前任的”加在名詞前ex-wife前妻ex-president 前任總統(tǒng)ex-表示”出，出去”exclude排夕卜expel趕出，逐出expose暴露exalt使升咼extract抽出，拔出excise切除exceed超過(guò)，超出exhale呼氣multi-表示”很多，很多”multimediaa. 多媒體的multicultural a.多種文化的multiforma.多種多樣的tele-表示遠(yuǎn)的telephone,televisionmicro-表示“微，小”microscope顯微鏡microworld微觀世界microwave微波microbiology 微生物學(xué)microfilm 微縮膠卷auto-自動(dòng)的automobile汽車(chē)autobiography自傳vice-表示副vice-president 副總統(tǒng)vice-manager副經(jīng)理macro-表示大，宏大”Mamacroscopic（宏觀）eco-生態(tài)的生態(tài)學(xué)ecology生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ecosystem生態(tài)友好的eco-friendly

Sino-中國(guó)的中日的Sino-Japanese中石化Sinopecsub-“潛，在下面，潛意識(shí)（的）subconscious次一等，副手”subtropics亞熱帶subtitle副標(biāo)題bi-表示兩個(gè)，雙邊bi-bicolor（雙色的）,bicycletri-三個(gè)三輪車(chē)tricycle三角形triangletrans-“變換，改變，tranplant 移植轉(zhuǎn)移”transaction交易；辦理transcribe抄與，轉(zhuǎn)錄transfigure 改觀；變形transfuse輸血；充滿常見(jiàn)的后綴表示人和物的名詞后綴

后綴意義用 法例詞表示人-er從事…職業(yè)的人，做…的人，…地方的人加在動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞上teacher,workerlearner.-or與-er同義外來(lái)后綴，加在外來(lái)詞上visitor,conductoreducator,translator-eer從事于…的人用于外來(lái)詞engineer,volunteermountaineer-ess女…的加于名詞后，表示陰性actress,waitress-ician...（專(zhuān)）家，…工作者加在以-ic結(jié)尾的名詞或形容詞上physician,politicianmusician-ist從事…職業(yè)的人，從事某種…文藝、學(xué)術(shù)的人，…主義者加在名詞上，或-ze結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞上，或以-al結(jié)尾的其它詞上artist,socialistcommunistphysicist表示物-er表示從事某工作的物加在動(dòng)詞和名詞或復(fù)合詞上washer,洗衣機(jī)-or表示從事某工作的物加在動(dòng)詞上conductor,導(dǎo)體，后綴-er構(gòu)詞能力用 法例 詞表示人”，加在動(dòng)詞上listener,adviser,speaker,writer,driver,teacher,worker,singer,leader,waiter,runner,discoverer,explorer,maker表示人”，加在名詞上banker,,officer,lawyer,prisoner,geographer,joker,表示人”，加在某些地點(diǎn)名詞或某些形容詞Londoner,NewYorker,villager,Britisher,southerner,foreigner,outsider,stranger表示人”，加在復(fù)合詞上housekeeper,管家,looker-on,旁觀者表示物”，加在動(dòng)詞上washer,boiler,container,lighter ，打火機(jī)drawer,表示物”，加在名詞上steamer,蒸籠washer,表示物”，加在復(fù)合詞上loudspeaker,既表示人”也表示物”，加在動(dòng)詞上fighter,戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)printer,打印機(jī)印刷者recorder,ruler抽象名詞和集合名詞的后綴

-agemarriage,luggage,postage 由B費(fèi)-urefailure,temperature,pressure,pleasure,-itymajority,opportunity,-mentargument,statement,achievement,amusement,equipment-ismcommunism,criticism,internationalism,socialism-anceappearanee,entrance,-domkingdom,wisdom,freedom-ydifficulty,discovery,bravery,machinery-alarrival,refusal,disapproval,-nesskindness,illness,brightness,selflessness,correctness-shipcitizenship,friendship,professorship,hardship,comradeshiphoodchildhood,brotherhood, 兄弟情誼，-thstrength,growth,length,wealth,truth-erybravery,slavery,chemistry,surgery,machinery后綴為-ion的名詞規(guī)貝U例 詞幾乎所有以-ate結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)槊~時(shí)首先去掉e再加-cate/education,liberate/liberation,translate/translation,graduate/graduation,separate/separation,operate/operation多數(shù)以-t結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接在詞尾加-ion,少數(shù)以-te結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞首先去掉e再加-ion.act/action,invent/invention,inspect/inspection,elect/election,select/selection,connect/connection,collect/collection,instruct/instruction,devote/devotion,pollute/pollution多數(shù)以-ss結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加-ion.discuss/discussion,oppress/oppression,express/expression,possess/possession多數(shù)以-de結(jié)尾與少數(shù)以-d結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞先把-de或-d變成-s再加-ion.decide/decision,divide/division,provide/provision,invade/invasion,expand/expansion,extend/extension以-mit結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先把t變成-ss,再力廿-ion.admit/admission,commit/commission, 承諾permit/permission,transmit/transmission轉(zhuǎn)交多數(shù)以-fy結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞先把y改成i再加-cation,少數(shù)以-efy或-fy結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞先去掉y再加-action.satisfy/satisfaction,modify/modification, 修改有些動(dòng)詞不是加-ion,而是加-ition,-tion,-ation或-sion而變成名詞，其中有些詞根因讀音關(guān)系而發(fā)生了變化。add/addition,attend/attention,absorb/absorption,describe/description,produce/production,reduce/reduction,solve/solution,determine/determination,explain/explanation,found/foundation,observe/observation,transport/transportation形容詞后綴

后綴意 義用 法例 詞-able可/能…的加在名詞或及物動(dòng)詞后valuable,horrible,-al有…性質(zhì)的加在名詞后natural,technical,actual-ant,-ent...的加在外來(lái)動(dòng)詞詞干上important,pleasant,excellent-ic,-ical...性質(zhì)的，與…有關(guān)的加在外來(lái)詞干的名詞上atomic原子,electric,電動(dòng)basic基本的-ish稍帶…的，…氣的，…民族的，...語(yǔ)的加在名詞或形容詞上用于民族國(guó)家地名之上feverish,childish,bookish書(shū)呆子English,Spanish-ive有…傾向的/性質(zhì)的加在動(dòng)詞上instructive，教育性 expensive-ful充滿…的，引起…的加在名詞或少數(shù)名詞上thankful,powerful,tearful-less無(wú)/不...的，不能…的加在名詞或動(dòng)詞上homeless,harmless,wireless-ous充滿...的，有...特性的加在名詞上dangerous,famous,nervous-y有/多...的，想...的加在名詞上cloudy,sunny,funny,sleepy-ed有...的，有...特征的加在名詞或動(dòng)詞上tired,interested,learned博學(xué)-en由...構(gòu)（制）成的加在物質(zhì)名詞上wooden,earthen,woolen-ern...方的加在表示方位的名詞上eastern,western,southern-ly有...性質(zhì)的，...形狀的加在名詞或形容詞上yearly,daily,orderly,lively副詞后綴后綴用法及意義例詞-ly加在形容詞之后表示某種狀態(tài)cheerfully,slightly,simply,possibly,excitedly表示某個(gè)方面economically,technically表示程度或氾圍completely表示時(shí)間recently,表示次序firstly,secondly表示方向eastwa