高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

高二上學(xué)期期中考試卷第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AWhat'sOn?ElectricUnderground7.30pm--1.00amFreeattheCyclopsTheatreDoyouknowwho'splayinginyourarea?Werebringingyouanexcitingeveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract(合同)?Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7.30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.He'sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic.GeeWhizz8.30pm-1030pmComedyatKaleidoscopeComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.He'sthefunnieststand-upcomedianonthecomedyscene.Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7.00pmfordrinksandsnacks(快餐).Simon'sWorkshon5.00pm-7.30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooksateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years'experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.CharlotteStone8.00pm-11.00pmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食).Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.21.Whocanhelpyouifyouwanttohaveyourmusicproduced?A.JulesSkye.B.GeeWhizz.C.CharlotteStone.D.JamesPickering.22.Atwhichplacecanpeopleofdifferentagesenjoyagoodlaugh?A.TheCyclopsTheatre.B.Kaleidosoope.C,VictoriaStage.D.PizzaWorld.23.WhatdoweknowaboutSimon'sWorkshop?A.Itrequiresmembershipstatus.B.Itlaststhreehourseachtime.C.Itisrunbyacomedyclub.D.ItisheldeveryWednesday..BThediscoveryofLiangzhuCultureFromDecember1936toMarch1937,threearchaeological(考古學(xué)的)diggingswerecarriedoutinthesuburbsofHangzhou,whereloadsofblackceramics(陶瓷器)andstonewarewerebroughttolight.Inspiredbytheserelics,anarchaeologylovernamedShíXingeng,whocamefromWestLakeMuseuminHangzhou,wroteseveraldetailedreportsonthedigging.However,hehadtoputhisworkasidewhenChinastartedtofallintoJapan'smilitaryaggression.ShijoinedtheresistancemovementagainstJapaneseinvasionanddiedofdiseasein1939.WhatpassedawayalongwithhimduringthewarweremanyofLiangzhu'spreciousrelics.Fortunately,Shi'sreportswerefinallypublishedinShanghaiin1938,whichcaughtconsiderableattentionofarchaeologicalcircles,In1959,thenameLiangzhuCulturewasgiventotheindependentregionalculturebyarchaeologistXiaNai.Itrepresentedanearliercivilizationthathadremainedunknowntohistorians.Theculture,astheradiocarbondating(放射性碳定年法)appliedtotherelicsproved,existedbetween3,300and2,200B.C.ItiscommonlybelievedthattheearliestknownChinesewrittenlanguagedatesbacktomorethan3,000yearago;whenoraclebonescriptappearedinShangDynasty.ButLiangzhuCulturemightprovideevidenceofawrittenlanguagethatappearedinChinaatleast1,000yearsealiler.In2007,LiangzhuAncientCitywasreportedtobediscoveredinHangzhou,wherearchaeologicaldiggingsrevealedalargeandearlywalledcityinChinesehistory.Therewereman-madehillsandstreamsinthecityarea,whichwereverylikelypartoftheearlydesignedurbanlandscape.ToprotecttheurbanspacewhichwasformedbywaterwaysandentrancesbothInsideandoutsidethecity,afloodcontrolsystemwasconnectedtotherivernetworksand11dams.Inthefieldsoutsidethewall,archaeologistsdiscoveredrainsoftheresidences,tombs,workshops,anddockswithwoodenboats.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiangzhuCulture?A.Itwaswellpreserved.B.ItwasnamedbyShiXingeng.C.Manyofitsrelicswerelostduringthewar.D.ItwasdiscoveredIn1959.25.WhichofthefollowingisthesignificanceofLiangzhuCulture'sdiscovery?A.ItprovedthatChinshasalonghistory.BItunearthedagreatnumberofrelics.C.ItshowedtheprofessionalismofChinesearchaeology.D.ItmightprovetheexistenceofanearlierChinesewrittenlanguage26.WhatcanwelearnabootLiangzhuAncientCityfromthelastparagraph?A.Itwasewell-designedcity.B.Itshowedtherulesleftbyflood.C.TherewerenohillsorstreamsIathecity.DItwasthelargestcityinChinesehistory.27.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Ahistorylecture.C.Aculturalwebsite.D.Anarchaeologicalreport.CMicrosoftplanstoeraseitsentirecarbonfootprintsinceitsfoundationin1975.Microsoftaimstoaccomplish"carbonnegative"by2030,meaningthatitwillerasemorecarbonfromtheenvironmentthanitemits(排放).Thecompanywillminimizecarbonemissionsacrossitsentiresupplychaintozero.Andthefollowingstepistocleanupallthecarbonemissionsithasproducedsince1975,whenitwasfounded.Whatthecompanyfurtherproposedwasthatitwouldtrytopushforpoliciestopricecarbonandhelpdeanenergytechnologydevelopfaster.Itisamongthecompaniesthatapproveofcarbontax.Moreattentionhasbeendrawntoremovingcarbonfromtheatmosphere.Thereareavarietyofmethodstowardthat,includingnature-basedones,likeplantingtrees,andtechnologicalones,likecapturingcarbondirectlyfromtheair.“Microsoftwillinitiallyfocusonnature-basedmethodslikerestoringdegradedforestsandplantingnewtrees,"saidLucasJoppa,thecompany'sChiefEnvironmentalOfficer.Aninvestmentofonebilliondollarswillalsobeprovidedforthedevelopmentofcarbonremovalandreductiontechnology.Microsoft'sdecisionofcountingitssupplychain'semissionsisanextensionofitspreviouscommitmenttorundatacentersmainlyontherenewableenergy.Thecompany'sintentiontopromotelow-carbonpolicieswashighlyrecognizedbyenvironmentalist."Acompany'smostpowerfultoolforfightingclimatechangeisitspoliticalinfluence,andwe'reeagertoseeMicrosoftuseit,"ElizabethSturcken,ManagingDirectorofEDF+Businesssaid.OtherindustriesarealsoencouragedtofollowMicrosoft'sexample.Butnoneofthemhassuchacommitment,accordingtoGaryCook,senioranalystofGreenpeace.Nevertheless,Cook,togetherwithsomeotherenvironmentalists,criticizedMicrosoftforcontinuouslycooperatingwithoilandgascompanies.Amazon'sAWSservicehasfacedthesamecriticismforworkingwithfossilfuelclients."There'sarealdisconnectionbetweenwhatthey'redoingwithintheirowncompanyandtheirempoweringofdirtyenergy,"Cooksaid.28.WhatdoweknowaboutMicrosoftInits“carbonnegative"commitment?A.Itwillreduceitscarbonemissionstoalmostzero.B.Itwillremoveallthecarbonfromtheenvironment.C.Itplanstocleanupitspreviouslyreleasedcarbon.D.Itplanstoincludeitsclientsinitsfuturecampaign.29.WhichofthefollowingapproacheswillMicrosoftapplytoreduceitscarbonemissions?A.CollectingcarbontaxB.CapturingcarbonfromtheairC.ExploringrenewableresourcesD.Fundingcarbonreductiontechnology30.WhatdoenvironmentaliststhinkofMicrosoft?A.Theycriticizeitforitsunrealisticpromise.B.Theythinkhighlyofitforitspoliticalinfluence.C.Theypraiseitforitspushforlow-carbonpoliciesD.TheyspeakillofitforitspartnershipwithAmazon.31.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?AHealth.B.PoliticsC.Technology.D.Environment.DNASAselectsuniversityteamsforspaceexplorationThemoon'spermanentlyshadowedareas,nearly384,400kilometersawayfromhome,aretheclosestwatersourceoutsidetheearth.Thecratershavebeendarksincebillionsofyearsago.Butnowwithstudent-developedtechnologies,moreaboutthemcanbediscovered.ThroughthecompetitiveBreakthrough,InnovativeandGame-changing(BIG)IdeaChallengeandtheSpaceGrantproject,NASAhasawardednearlySImilliontoeightuniversityteams.Theywillbuildsamplelunarpayloads(裝備)anddemonstrateinnovativewaystostudythemoon'sdarkestareas.ItsanexcitingtimeforNASAandstudentsacrossthecountry,"saidDrewJ.Hope,ProgramManagerofGameChangingDevelopmentprogram."ThankstoourpartnershipwiththeOfficeofSTEMEngagement,thisisthemostmoneyNASAhasawardedinastudentchallengedirectlyconnectedtoArtemis.”Thechosenteamswillworkoutwaystogatherdatainandaroundthecraters,generatewirelesspowerforfutureinfrastructure,andenableautonomousmobilityeveninthemostextremeenvironments.TheresearchresultscouldbenefitNASA'sArtemisProgramandbeusedtostudythemoonaheadofahumanlandingin2024orhelpestablishssustainedpresenceby2028,Eachteamwillreceivedifferentamountsofgrants,basedontheconceptandbudgettheypropose.Theywilldevelopandtestthetechnologiesinsimulated(模擬的environmentswiththeawardsduringthefollowing10months,showingtheyarepreparedforapossiblelunarmissionasearlyas2023.TheninNovember2020,npanelofNASAandindustryexpertswillexaminetheteams'researchanddevelopmentresultsataface-to-facedesignreview.“Oneofthemostexcitingthingsaboutthischallengeisthatseveraloftheconcepts,ifproventobevaluableasaresultoftheseawards,couldeventuallybeintegratedandoperatedtogetheronthesurfaceofthemoon,"accordingtoChadRowe,ActingManagerofSpaceGrantproject."ThesestudentsarepartoftheArtemisgenerationandtheyarehelpingfulfilNASA'Smissionneedstoday,whiledevelopingrelevanthands-onexperiencethatwillpreparethemforaerospacecareersaftergraduation.32.Whataretheuniversityteamssupposedtodo?A.Explorethemysteryofspace.B.Participateinacompetition.C.Developtechnologiestostudythemoon.D.ChallengeNASA'SArtemisprogram.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"grants"inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Aid.B.Funds.C.Tests.D.Chances.34.Whenwillthestudents'achievementsprobablybefirstputintouse?A.2020.B.2023.C.2024.D.2028,35.Howcanthestudentsbenefitfromtheproject?A.TheycanlandonthemoonB.Theycangetpaidwhiledoingthejob.C.TheycanworkInNASAaftergraduation.D.Theycangainexperiencefortheirfutureaerospacecareers.第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。36Whilethesecompulsive(無法控制的)actionsmayappeartobeirrationalorpointless,andmayevenresultinnegativeconsequences,theindividualexperiencingthecompulsionfeelsunabletostophimorherself.Thecompulsivebehaviorcanbephysicalact,likehandwashing,oramentalactivity,likecountingobjects.Whenanotherwiseharmlessbehaviorbecomessoconsumingthatitnegativelyimpactsoneselforothers,itmaybeasymptomofobsessive-compulsivedisorder(OCD)(強迫癥).37Theformerisanoverwhelmingdesiretodosomething,whileanaddictionisaphysicalorchemicaldependenceonasubstanceorbehavior.Peoplewithaddictionswillcontinuetheiraddictivebehavior,evenwhentheyunderstandthatdoingsoisharmfultothemselvesandothers.38Unlikecompulsionsandaddictions,whichareactedoutuncontrollably,habitsareactionsthatarerepeatedregularlyandautomatically.Habitstypicallydevelopovertimethroughanaturalprocess