新概念英語第二冊Lesson55知識點詳解講義

LESSON55Part1.詞匯脫口秀Mine n.采礦1）礦我們常常聽到的礦：煤礦coalmine銅礦：coppermine銀礦：silvermine金礦：goldmineGoldhasbeenminedforthousandsofyears. 【注意：mine開采】Howmuchgoldisthereintheworld?Itisestimatedthatover190,000tonnesofgoldhasbeenminedthroughouthistory.AccordingtoWarrenBuffett,oneoftheworld'sbestinvestors,thetotalamountofgoldintheworld---thegoldaboveground,couldfitintoacubewithsidesofonlyabout20m(67ft).猜猜landmine是什么？Alandmineisabombburiedinthegroundthatexplodeswhensomeonewalksordrivesoverit.Theinternetisamineofinformation.Thewebsiteisamineofinformationaboutallkindsofbooks.datamining是什么？Dataminingcanbeusedtoanalyzecustomers'shoppinghabits.Datamininghasbecomeveryimportantintheinformationage.treasure注：作為寶藏的統(tǒng)稱，為不可數(shù)名詞。buriedtreasure[=treasurethathasbeenburied]sunkentreasure【=treasurethatissunken】hiddentreasure【treasurethathasbeenhidden】或losttreasure什么是：treasure-hunting,Treasurehunters？Treasurehuntersarethosewhohuntforlosttreasure.體會一下：為啥用的動詞是hunt，而不是lookfor/search？(尤指藝術(shù)品和有歷史價值的物品)【可數(shù)】注：作為珍寶解釋，為可數(shù)，因為指具體的珍貴物品。TheLouvremuseumisfullofarttreasures.anationaltreasure造句：InChina,giantPandasareviewedasnationaltreasures.珍藏；珍惜，珍視 （字面意思：把一個東西當做珍寶）Ifyoutreasuresomethingthatyouhave,youkeepitorcareforitcarefullybecauseitisveryspecial,important,orvaluabletoyou.Itreasurethefriendshipbetweenus.Itreasuremymemoriesofcollegelife.revealern.探測器revealv.Reveal=makesthknown 揭露，透露為啥，reveal有這個意思呢？原來：re-這個前綴除了“again”還可以表示“opposite”(反向動作),-veal相當于“veil”（蓋在頭上的）面紗.場景造句：Thelocalnewspaperrevealedasecrettothepublic.Butsomepeoplearguedthatthenewspaperdidn’trevealthetruth.Asurveyhasrevealedthatagrowingnumberofpeopleareaddictedtotheinternet.255課中的revealer為啥表示探測器？invent 發(fā)明Toinventistomake,design,orthinkofanewtypeofthing.Simplyput(簡而言之),toinventistocreatesomethingnew.ThomasEdisoninventedthelong-lasting,practicalelectriclightbulb.ThomasEdisonhasbeenconsideredtobeAmerica'sgreatestinventor.AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.SteveJobs：TodayAppleisgoingtoreinventthephone.FourGreatInventionsTheFourGreatInventionsofAncientChinainclude:Compass,Gunpowder,PapermakingandPrintingThenewgreatinventionsinChinainclude:high-speedrailway,onlineshopping,mobilepaymentandsharingbikes.Actuallynoneofthese“fournewinventions”wasinventedinourcountry,butChinahasachievedtheleadingpositioninthesefourareas.invent，注意使用的時候“引申義”Hejustinventedthe=Hejustmadeupthestory.Whenyouinventastoryorexcuse,youtrytomakeothersbelieveitistruebutactuallyitisnot.pirate海盜《PiratesoftheCaribbean》：pirateship那么為啥pirate表示海盜？Pirate這個詞來自于拉丁語：pirata，意思是“searobber”Piratesrefertosailorswhoattackothershipsandstealpropertyfromthem.Piracyhasexistedsincepeoplestartedtosailacrosstheoceansforcommerce.聽：theVikings是指誰？斯堪的納維亞半島ScandinaviaTheVikingswereScandinavianpeoplewhosailedinshipstoattackareasalongthecoastsofnorthernandwesternEuropefromthe8thtothe11thcenturies.ThisperiodhasbecomeknownastheVikingAge.盜版的：piratebooks/software或：piratedbooks/softwarePiracyn.盜版Piracydiscouragesinnovation.armArms除了手臂，還表示什么意思？Thepolicesearchedthehouseforillegalarms.army為啥表示軍隊？armv.表示“武裝”用法：bearmedwith....用....武裝，裝備Thepolicearearmedwithguns.armedpolicearmedrobberarmedrobberyThecarisarmedwiththelatesttechnologies.精彩表達：bearmedtotheteethThesoldierswerearmedtotheteeth.Withherelaborategownandmakeup,Marywasarmedtotheteethforherfirstshow.worthadj.1)Worthadj.值得...用法1：....值多少錢sth.isworth+錢的數(shù)量Thefamouspaintingisworthaboutonemilliondollars.Butitscopyisworthonlytendollars.用法2：...值得做sth.isworthdoingsth.isworth+n.Thebookisworthreading.Thefilmisworthseeing.Thecourseisworthtaking.TheGreatisworthvisiting.TheGreatisworthavisit/trip.Theplanisworthtrying.=Theplanisworthatry.口語：Itisworthit!做某件事很值得=Itisworthdoing.ThoughlearningEnglishtakestime,itisworthit.Youhavetostayinschool.Youhaveto.Youhavetogotocollege.Youhavetogetyourdegree.Becausetheonethingpeoplecan'ttakeawayfromyouisyoureducation.Anditisworththeinvestment.---MichelleObama2）作為名詞Worth=value用法：sth.isofgreatworth/value ....價值不菲Thediamondisofgreatworth/valueworthless=valuelessButifthediamondisfake,itisworthless.Worth還可以用來描述“有具體數(shù)量的價值”重要用法：如何表達“價值X美金的Y”（X為數(shù)量，Y是某個東西）XdollarsworthofY 【或：Xdollars’worthofY】Ijustbought500dollarsworthofbooks.Thewildfirecausedmillionsofdollarsworthofdamage.LESSON55Part2.句型精講如何表示過去習慣？《新概念2》55課課文回放：“Themachinewasusedinacaveneartheseashorewhere--itissaid--piratesusedtohidegold.Thepirateswouldoftenburygoldinthecaveandthenfailtocollectit.”語言點1：如何表示過去的習慣 usedto VS would《新概念2》31課中，我們曾強調(diào)：*usedto的思維：Ifsomethingusedtohappen,ithappenedregularlyorallthetimeinthepast,butdoesnothappennow.Mydadusedtorunthemarathon.【Butmydaddoesn’trunthemarathonnow.】Heusedtobeanexcellentmarathonrunner.【也就是說Butheisnotnow.】*would的思維：“would”canbeusedtoindicatepasthabitsWhenIwasakid,mymotherwouldgetupat6o’clockinthemorningandmakebreakfastforus.Afterbreakfast,shewouldsendmetoschoolandthengotoafarmer’smarket.Onweekends,myparentswouldtakemeforawalkalongtheriverside.Andmydadwouldtellmealotofinterestingstoriesabouthiscollegelife.ItoldmydadthatIwouldstudyhardandgotothebestcollegeintheworld.這句的“wouldstudy”表達了什么含義？如何判斷：would是表示“過去將來”還是“過去常常做的事”？關鍵看有沒有線索表示出：would是“在過去，看將來”這樣一個行為。思維上對比：【聽記1】相同：would和usedto都可以表示： 不同：usedto還可以表示 如果語氣上特別強調(diào)：“過去不等于現(xiàn)在”用 比如：Iusedtobeoverweight.不能說：Iwouldbeoverweight.Shenzhenusedtobeasmallfishingvillage.不能說：ShenzhenwouldbeasmallfishingvillageNowitisahuge,bustlingmetropolis.【bustlingadj.繁忙，熱鬧 為啥metropolis表示“大都市”？】2where引導的定語從句：where修飾的先行詞是一個“地點”，where在定語從句中做“地點狀語”對于where引導的比較復雜的定語從句：where念 】Themachinewasusedinacaveneartheseashorewhere--itissaid--piratesusedtohidegold.這句如何理解最好？Thestorewherethenewphonewasbeingsoldhadahugelineofpeopleoutsideit.復雜定語從句理解的重要技巧： 【聽記3】WhereAhugelineofpeoplewerewaitingoutsidetheApplestorewherethenewiPhonewasbeingsold.【where=attheApplestore】強化：讓句子“擁有好身材”的瘦身利器：分詞狀語《新概念2》55課課文分詞狀語經(jīng)典句子回放：第一句：“Armedwiththenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.”給大家一個任務：如果不能用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，這句話我們會如何表達？“Armedwiththenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.”還原Whileasearchpartywasarmedwiththenewmachine,itwentintothecaveandthesearchpartyhopedtofindburiedtreasure.小結(jié)：使用分詞狀語，有什么好處？【聽記4】1) 2) 第二句：“Veryexcited,thepartydugaholetwofeetdeep.”解析：還原：=Asthepartywasexcited,thepartydugaholewhichwastoofeetdeep記?。篠implicityistheessenceofbeauty。模仿造句練習：Armedwiththelatesttechnologies,theself-drivingcarwastravellingslowlydowntheroad,catchingtheeyeofpassersby.=Whiletheself-drivingcarwasarmedwiththelatesttechnologies,itwastravelingslowlydowntheroadandcaughttheeyeofpassersby.Verysurprised,peoplelookedatthesuper-coolcar,shoutingandcheering.=Aspeoplewereverysurprised,theylookedatsuper-coolcar,andatthesametimetheywereshoutingandcheering.【聽記答案】過去的習慣性動作；過去的狀態(tài)；usedto在這里、在那里斷句有美感；有效率LESSON55Part3.故事轉(zhuǎn)述中英文逐句轉(zhuǎn)述嗨，女士們先生們，你們喜歡尋寶么？Hey,Ladiesandgentlemen,doyouliketreasure-hunting?如果是的話，你應該認真聽下面的內(nèi)容。Ifyoudo,youshouldlistenverycarefullytothis:有一些專業(yè)的探寶人發(fā)明了一種神奇的機器,Agroupofprofessionaltreasure-huntershaveinventedamagicmachinecalled“TheRevealer”,whichcanaccuratelydetectgoldburiedintheground.他們非常確信，這個機器將會使尋寶變得更簡單更高效。Theyareconfidentthatthismachinewillmaketreasure-huntingmucheasierandmoreefficient.【beconfidentthat...=besurethatIfyouareconfidentthatsomethingistrue,youaresurethatitistrue.】最近，一個尋寶隊在一個海邊的山洞里使用了這個機器，據(jù)說，海盜曾在這個地方藏金子但是后來沒有去取走。Recentlyasearchpartyuseditinacaveneartheseashore,whereitissaidpiratesusedtohidegoldandbut(they)oftenfailedtocollectit.配備了最先進的技術(shù)，“探寶神器”開始在地面上工作了，它努力確定埋藏寶藏的位置。Armedwiththelatesttechnologies,theRevealerstartedtoworkontheground,tryingtolocatethepositionofburiedtreasure.突然，機器發(fā)出了“嗶”的聲音，這表示地下有金子。Suddenly,therewasaloudbeepcomingfromthemachine,whichindicatedthattherewasgoldundertheground.這個發(fā)現(xiàn)讓尋寶隊極其興奮，他們很快挖了一個大概1米深的洞。Extremelyexcitedbythediscovery,thesearchpartyquicklydugaholearoundonemetredeep.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么呢？Whatdidtheyfind?令他們很失望的是，他們只找到了一個幾乎沒有價值的小金幣。Muchtotheirdisappointment,theyfoundnothingbutasmallgoldcoinwhichwasalmostvalueless.【nothingbut=only】當然，他們不會輕易放棄。Ofcourse,theywouldn’teasilygiveup.在徹底搜尋了整個山洞之后，他們的確發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個更大的東西。Aftersearchingthewholecavethoroughly,theydidfindsomethingbigger.【thoroughly=completely】是什么呢？Whatwasthat?只不過是一個空的鐵皮箱。Itwasjustanemptytintrunk.【trunkn.大旅行箱tintinplate，俗稱“馬口鐵”】盡管如此，這些尋寶人很樂觀相信，探寶器能夠很快找到一些有價值的東西。Despitethis,thesetreasurehuntersarestilloptimisticthattheRevealercanrevealsomethingofenormousvaluefairlysoon.【despite=inspiteofenormousadj.巨大的，極大的optimisticadj.樂觀的；enormousadj.表示程度大fairlyadj.相當?shù)兀ū葀ery程度輕）=tosomeextentbutnotvery】可能，尋寶的快樂更在于尋找的過程本身，而不僅是寶藏的發(fā)現(xiàn)。Perhapsthepleasureoftreasurehuntingliesmoreintheprocessofhuntingitselfthaninthediscoveryoftreasure.全英文轉(zhuǎn)述Hey,Ladiesandgentlemen,doyouliketreasure-hunting?Ifyoudo,youshouldlistenverycarefullytothis:Agroupofprofessionaltreasure-huntershaveinventedamagicmachinecalled“TheRevealer”,whichcanaccuratelydetectgoldburiedintheground.Theyareconfidentthatthismachinewillmaketreasure-huntingmucheasierandmoreefficient.Recentlyasearchpartyuseditinacaveneartheseashore,whereitissaidpiratesusedtohidegoldandbut(they)oftenfailedtocollectit.Armedwiththelatesttechnologies,theRevealerstartedtoworkontheground,tryingtolocatethepositionofburiedtreasure.Suddenly,therewasaloudbeepcomingfromthemachine,whichindicatedthattherewasgoldundertheground.Extremelyexcitedbythediscovery,thesearchpartyquicklydugaholearoundonemetredeep.Whatdidtheyfind?Muchtotheirdisappointment,theyfoundnothingbutasmallgoldcoinwhichwasalmostvalueless.Ofcourse,theywouldn’teasilygiveup.Aftersearchingthewholecavethoroughly,theydidfindsomethingbigger.Whatwasthat?Itwasjustanemptytintrunk.Despitethis,thesetreasurehuntersarestilloptimisticthattheRevealercanrevealsomethingofenormousvaluefairlysoon.Perhapsthepleasureoftreasurehuntingliesmoreintheprocessofhuntingitselfthaninthediscoveryoftreasure.文化點評 海盜真的喜歡藏寶么？--Island的故事Aburiedtreasureisanimportantpartofthepopularbeliefssurroundingp