升降浮沉課件

HerbProperty1.FourCharacters（四性）2.FiveTaste（五味）3.Meridian（歸經(jīng)）4.Lifting,lowering,floatingandsinking（升降浮沉）TCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties HerbPropertyTCMherbsintra1.FourCharacters四性(Qi)(ThetemperatureCharacteristic)ClinicPracticingTreatingcoldsyndromewithhot-natureddrugs(orheatingthecold).Treatingheatsyndromewithcold-natureddrugs(orcoolingtheheat)Identifythe“Realcoldsyndromewithfakeheatsyndromes”or“Realheatsyndromeswithfakecoldsyndromes”AccordingtothedevelopmentofdiseasetochooseproperherbsTreatingbothheat&coldsymptomswithbothcold&hotnatureddrugs

Cold&CoolHot&WarmEvenTCMtreatmentClearHeat;CooltheheattoxininBlood;ClearEmptyHeat;Phlegm-heat;Promotedefecating;Promoteurination;NourishYin;Calmdownliverwind;Warmtheinternalcold;Expeltheexternalcold;TonifytheYangQi;Warmupthemeridian;RescuetheexhaustedYang;Couldbewidelyused;HerbShiGao;JinYinHua;QinHao;GuaLou;DaHuang;ShenDi;LingYangJiaoGangJiang;GuiZhi;MaHuang;FuZi;DuHuo;RouGui;GanCao;TCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties1.FourCharacters四性(Qi)(T2.FiveTaste五味

SpicySweetBitterSourSaltyFunctionDisperseTonifyingDownbearingAstringingSofteningModeratingMovingMoisteningDrainingContra-IndicationAlltypesofDef.DampnessPregnantwomenAnyconditionofexcess:DamporStagnationFluidaccumulat-ionExteriorWindProlapseDiarrhea,ProfuseurineDampSp.Def.,BloodDef.,Yindef.LoosestoolsTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties2.FiveTaste五味SpicySweetBitt3.Meridian歸經(jīng)

HerbagentstargetspecificchannelswithinthebodytoeffectachangeinthatchannelClearheatfromheart:irritability,restlessness,insomniaTheherbwhichenterthesmallintestinearecoldtotreatdampheaturinaryproblemorexpelwaterthroughintestineTransformdampandtreatwinddamp,phlegm,diarrheaortoxicswellingTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties3.Meridian歸經(jīng)ClearheatfromManyherbswhichenterthestomachchannelclearheat,especiallytoxicheatAllherbsinthesurfacereleasingcategoriesenterlungchannelsTreatdampheatdiarrheaorintestinalabscessTonifyYin,Yangoressence;Clearemptyheatinkidney;orhelpdraindampTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesManyherbswhichenterthestoTreatjaundiceortoguidetheherbtotheshaoyangenergeticlevelTreatwindsyndromeslikeinchyskin,bloodydiarrhea,ortremors,drainliverfire,relieveliverQistagnation,ortreateyeproblemduetoheatTreatedema;Draindampheatfromthelowerburner;TCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesTreatjaundiceortoguidethe4.lifting,lowering,floatingandsinking升降浮沉

Varyingdiseaseoftenappeartobearatendencytomoveupward,downward,towardstheexteriorortheinterior.Correspondingtotheabove,thedirectionofactionsofmedicinalherbsonhumanbodyalsohavethelifting,lowering,floatingandsinkingdistinctionliftingLoweringFloatingSinkingThedirectionofherbalactionsistowardtheupperparts,whichareindicatedforadiseaseinaloweranddeeperpartsTheyfunctiontowardthelowerpartsandpossesstheactionofdescendingadverseQiandareindicatedforthediseaseduetoadverseascendingofpathogenicfactorsFloatingherbsfunctiontowardtheupperandoutwardparts,generallyexerttheeffectsofsweatinganddispersingandareindicatedforthediseaseintheupperandsuperficialpartsSinkingherbsfunctiontowardthelowerandinwardparts,havetheeffectsofloweringtheadverseflowofQiandrelaxingbowelsandareindicatedforthediseaseinthelowerandinteriorHuangQi+ShengMa:DaiZheShi;ChengXiang;ShiJueMingMaHuang;ZiSu;FangFeng;DuHuoDaHuang;MuTongProlapsediseaseCough,dizziness,vomitingExteriorcoldConstipation;dysuriaTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties4.lifting,lowering,floatingTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesTCMherbsintraditionallydefTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesTCMherbsintraditionallydefDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintGeometricPictureofDigitalRepresentation

A=(1,1,1)B=(0,1,1)C=(1,1,1)D=(0,1,1)E=(0,0,0)F=(1,0,1)Featurevectors:DescriptorFeaturevectorPositiveexamplesNegativeexamplesGeometricPictureofDigitalRGeometricPictureofDigitalRepresentation

Featurevectorsininputspace:A=(1,1,1)B=(0,1,1)C=(1,1,1)D=(0,1,1)E=(0,0,0)F=(1,0,1)ZInputspaceXYBAEFFeaturevectorGeometricPictureofDigitalRClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipeskNNmethodClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesSupportVectorMachines(SVM)methodClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesSupportVectorMachines(SVM)methodClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesClassificationmethodsforideCompatibilityofTCMHerbPairs1.Mutualreinforcement（相須）2.Mutualassistance（相使）3.Mutualrestraintordetoxication（相畏or相殺）4.MutualAntagonism（相惡）5.MutualIncompatibility（相反）TCMHerbPairsCompatibilityofTCMHerbPair1.Mutualreinforcement（相須）Thatis,twoormoreingredientswithsimilarpropertiesandeffectsareusedincombinationtoreinforceeachother’saction

MutualreinforcementEffects&ActionDaHuang+MangXiaoPurgatingactionTaoRen+HongHuaInvigoratingthebloodZhiMu+HuangBaiCleardeficientfeverRuXiang+MoYaoInvigoratingthebloodFuZi+GanJiangWarmuptheYangQiQuanXie+WuGongStopmuscleSpasmTCMHerbPairs1.Mutualreinforcement（相須）Mu2.Mutualassistance（相使）Thatis,Chinesemedicinalherbsthatarenotcertainlysimilarbuthavesomerelationshipintheaspectofmedicinalpropertiesandactionsareusedincombination,inwhichoneherbistakenasthedominatefactorandtheothersasitsassistantstoraiseitstherapeuticeffects.

DominateherbAssistantherbsEffects&ActionHuangQiFangJiPromotewatercirculation&permeatingthedampnessHuangLianMuXiangStopdiarrhea&abdomenpainDaHuangHuangQinCleardamp-heatTCMHerbPairs2.Mutualassistance（相使）Domi3.Mutualrestraintordetoxification（相畏or相殺）Thatis,mutualrestrainingeffectofdifferentmedicinestoweakenorneutralizeeachother’sharmfulness,suchastoxicityorside-effects.

MutualrestraintBanXia;DanNanXingShengJiangRenShengWuLingZhiFuZiGanJiangFuZiGanCaoTCMHerbPairs3.MutualrestraintordetoxifMutualAntagonism(相惡)Theabilityoftwosubstancestominimizeorneutralizeeachother’spositiveeffectsBaDouQianNiuZiGanYinWan(感應丸)DingXiangYuJinShiXiangFanHunSan(十香反魂散)ChuanWu&CaoWuXiJiaoDaHuoLuoWan(大活絡丸)RenShenWuLingZhiRouGuiChiShiZhi*LiuHuang*PuXiao*ShuiYin*PiShuang*LangDu*MiTuoShen*YaXiao*SanLengTCMHerbPairsMutualAntagonism(相惡)BaDouQiMutualIncompatibility(相反) CausesideeffectsortoxicityifusetogetherGanCaoGanSuiDaJiYuanHuaHaiZaoDosage:GanCao>=GanSuiWuTou(FuZi)BanXiaGuaLouBeiMuBaiJiBaiLianBeiMuorBanXia+FuZi(Noevidencesupportit)LiLuRenShenDangShenDanShenXuanShenShaShenKuShenXiXinBaiShaoXiXin+LiLu:causeanimaldeathinthelabTCMHerbPairsMutualIncompatibility(相反)GanTCMHerbPairsTCMHerbPairsTCMHerbPairsMethodTrainingSetTestingSetTestingMethodHerb-PairAccuracyNon-Herb-PairAccuracyPNN3603910-foldCV87.9%91.6%kNN72.1%97.1%SVM78.1%97.6%TCMHerbPairsMethodTrainingSTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacokineticsynergism

Byinhibitingtheactionsofthedrugeffluxtransporters,resultinginanaccumulationoftheTCMherbalingredientsandthusapotentiationoftheireffectsinthetargetcells.Anexampleisthecombinationofgenistein(fromSemenSojaePraeparata,OleumGlycines,RadixSophoraeJaponiae,FlosSophorae,FructusSophorae,FoliumSophoraeJaponiae,SemenGlycinesMax,CaulisSpatholobi,RadixSophoraeTonkinensis)andpaclitaxel(fromTaxusChinensis)TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynergisticactionsofpaclitaxelandgenisteinTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacokineticsynergism

Bymodulatingitsmetabolism,resultinginanaccumulationoftheTCMherbalingredientandthusapotentiationoftheireffectsinthetargetcells.AnexampleisthecombinationofTCMherbalingredientpaircomprisingofcaffeine(fromRadixCamelliaSinensis,FoliumCamelliaeSinensis,FructusCamelliaSinensis,FoliumIlicisCornutae,CortexFirmianaePlantanifoliae,RadixFirmianaePlantanifoliae,FlosFirmianaePlantanifoliae,FoliumFirmianaePlantanifoliae,SemenFirmianae)andapigenin(fromHerbaLagotidis,FlosCampsis,HerbaArtemisiaeAnomalae,HerbaEphedrae,FlosBuddlejae,HerbaArtemisiaeAnomalae,FlosGenkwa,RadixseuCortexDaphnesGenkwae,RadixCampsisGrandiflorae)TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynergisticactionsofcaffeineandapigeninTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacodynamicsynergism

Thecombinationofeugenol(fromFructusArtemisiaeArgyi,FoliumArtemisiaeArgyi,CaulisPerillaeFrutescentis,FoliumPerillaeFrutescentis,DianthusSuperbus,FructusPerillaePreparata,AlpiniaGalangae,FlosCaryophylli,RadixSyzygiiAromatic,LiquorDestillataCaryophylli,CortexSyzygiiAromatic,RamulusSyzygiiAromatic,FructusGalangae,PericarpiumZanthoxyli,FlosLonicerae,HerbaAsari)andlowconcentrationofquercetin(fromHerbaPatriniaeScabiosaefoliae,HerbaPatriniae,RadixBupleuri,HerbaEuphorbiaeHumifusae,RadixLamiophlomidisRotatae,RhizomaAlpiniaeOfficinarum,HerbaHyperici,HerbaLagotidis,CannabisSativaL.,TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacodynamicsynergism

RadixAstragali,FructusLigustriLucidi,HerbaArtemisiaeAnnuae,RadixArtemiiaeAnnua,SemenArtemisiae,HerbaTaxilli,FructusQuisqualis,RadixQuisqualisIndica,HerbaPyrolaeChinensis,HerbaEphedrae)exertsananti-allergicandanti-inflammatoryeffectthatalleviatesallergicrhinitis,whichiscongruoustothetherapeuticeffectoftheTCMherbalpair,HerbaAsariandHerbaEphedrae,containingeugenolandquercetinrespectively.ThisTCMherbalpairhasbeenusedtotreatallergicrhinitis.ThesimilarityintherapeuticeffectoftheTCMherbalingredientpairandtheTCMherbalpaircanbeasignofpossiblesynergismbetweentheingredientsintheTCMherbalingredientpair.TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynergisticactionsofeugenolandquercetin(lowconcentration)TCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy1:AntidepressantactivityofSt.John’sWortSt.John’sWort(SJW)isanextractfromtheplantHypericumperforatumL.NumerousclinicaltrialshaveshownthatSJWhadsignificantantidepressantefficacyandlowersideeffectsthanstandardantidepressants.Inmanycountries,ithasbeenwidelyusedforthetreatmentofmildtomoderateformsofdepression.SJWhasbeenincludedinthepharmacopoeiasofGermanyandtheUS.ThemainactiveingredientsofSJWarehyperforin(HP),hypericin(HY),pseudohypericin(PH),amentoflavone(AF),andseveralflavonoids(FL)TCMCombinationTherapyCasestCasestudy1:AntidepressantactivityofSt.John’sWortTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy1:AntidepressantaCasestudy1:AntidepressantactivityofSt.John’sWortTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy1:AntidepressantaTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy2:TheeffectofRealgar-Indigonaturalisformula(RIF)onacutepromyelocyticleukemia(APL)TCMformulaRIFhasbeenusedinChinatotreatAPLsince1980s.RIFconsistsoffourherbs,realgar,Indigonaturalis,Salviamiltiorrhiza,andRadixpseudostellariae.InTCMtheory,multipleagentscontainedinoneformulamustworksynergistically.RealgarisregardedastheprincipalcomponentoftheformulaRIF,andtheotherthreeareadjuvantcomponentstoassisttheeffectofrealgar.Themainactivecompoundsofrealgar,IndigonaturalisandSalviamiltiorrhizaaretetraarsenictetrasulfide(As4S4,A),indirubin(I)andtanshinoneIIA(T),respectively.TCMCombinationTherapyCasestTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy2:TheeffectofRealgar-Indigonaturalisformula(RIF)onacutepromyelocyticleukemia(APL)A)Proteininteractionnetwork.(B)Protein-pathwayassociationnetwork.TCMCombinationTherapyCasestTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy2:TheeffectofRealgar-Indigonaturalisformula(RIF)onacutepromyelocyticleukemia(APL)TCMCombinationTherapyCasestTCMCombinationTherapyComparisonwithcombinationtherapyinWesternmedicine

TCMCombinationTherapyCompariTCMCombinationTherapyComparisonwithcombinationtherapyinWesternmedicine

TCMCombinationTherapyCompariTCMCombinationTherapyComparisonwithcombinationtherapyinWesternmedicine

TCMCombinationTherapyCompariTCMCombinationTherapyComparisonwithcombinationtherapyinWesternmedicine

TCMCombinationTherapyCompariAcknowledgementCurrentGroupMembers:

Computer-AidedDrugDesign:CYUng,XHMa,XHLiu,PankajKumar,FZhu,XLiu,JJiaProteinFunction,Interaction,Network:HLZhang,CYUng,XHMa,FZhu,WKTeo,ZShiDatabasesandServers:JJiaMedicinalHerb:CYUng,PankajKumar,CaoJinyi(undergraduatestudents)Microarrayandbiomarkers:JJia,ZQTangFormerMembers:PhD:ZWCao(ProfSCBIT,TongjiU),ZLJi(AssocProfXiamenU),XChen(AssocProfZhejiangU),CWYap(AssistProfNUS),LYHan(PostdocNIH),CJZheng(PostdocNIH),

HHLin(PostdocHarvard),JCui(PostdocUGeorgia),HLi(PostdocEinsteinCollegeMed)ResearchFellow/Assistant:ZRLi(AssocProfSiChuanU),YXue(ProfSiChuanU),WLiu(AssocProfDUT),DMi(AssocProfDUT),CZCai(ProfChongQingU),DGZhi(Postdoc,Berkeley),MSc:Y.J.Guo(PostdocNIH),L.Z.Sun(RA,UTenn.),J.F.Wang(MSU),L.X.Yao(Columbia),SOng(WashingtonU),HZhou(localcompany),BXie(localcompany)BSc:W.K.Yeo(IMCB,Novartis)Acknowledgement HerbProperty1.FourCharacters（四性）2.FiveTaste（五味）3.Meridian（歸經(jīng)）4.Lifting,lowering,floatingandsinking（升降浮沉）TCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties HerbPropertyTCMherbsintra1.FourCharacters四性(Qi)(ThetemperatureCharacteristic)ClinicPracticingTreatingcoldsyndromewithhot-natureddrugs(orheatingthecold).Treatingheatsyndromewithcold-natureddrugs(orcoolingtheheat)Identifythe“Realcoldsyndromewithfakeheatsyndromes”or“Realheatsyndromeswithfakecoldsyndromes”AccordingtothedevelopmentofdiseasetochooseproperherbsTreatingbothheat&coldsymptomswithbothcold&hotnatureddrugs

Cold&CoolHot&WarmEvenTCMtreatmentClearHeat;CooltheheattoxininBlood;ClearEmptyHeat;Phlegm-heat;Promotedefecating;Promoteurination;NourishYin;Calmdownliverwind;Warmtheinternalcold;Expeltheexternalcold;TonifytheYangQi;Warmupthemeridian;RescuetheexhaustedYang;Couldbewidelyused;HerbShiGao;JinYinHua;QinHao;GuaLou;DaHuang;ShenDi;LingYangJiaoGangJiang;GuiZhi;MaHuang;FuZi;DuHuo;RouGui;GanCao;TCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties1.FourCharacters四性(Qi)(T2.FiveTaste五味

SpicySweetBitterSourSaltyFunctionDisperseTonifyingDownbearingAstringingSofteningModeratingMovingMoisteningDrainingContra-IndicationAlltypesofDef.DampnessPregnantwomenAnyconditionofexcess:DamporStagnationFluidaccumulat-ionExteriorWindProlapseDiarrhea,ProfuseurineDampSp.Def.,BloodDef.,Yindef.LoosestoolsTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties2.FiveTaste五味SpicySweetBitt3.Meridian歸經(jīng)

HerbagentstargetspecificchannelswithinthebodytoeffectachangeinthatchannelClearheatfromheart:irritability,restlessness,insomniaTheherbwhichenterthesmallintestinearecoldtotreatdampheaturinaryproblemorexpelwaterthroughintestineTransformdampandtreatwinddamp,phlegm,diarrheaortoxicswellingTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties3.Meridian歸經(jīng)ClearheatfromManyherbswhichenterthestomachchannelclearheat,especiallytoxicheatAllherbsinthesurfacereleasingcategoriesenterlungchannelsTreatdampheatdiarrheaorintestinalabscessTonifyYin,Yangoressence;Clearemptyheatinkidney;orhelpdraindampTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesManyherbswhichenterthestoTreatjaundiceortoguidetheherbtotheshaoyangenergeticlevelTreatwindsyndromeslikeinchyskin,bloodydiarrhea,ortremors,drainliverfire,relieveliverQistagnation,ortreateyeproblemduetoheatTreatedema;Draindampheatfromthelowerburner;TCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesTreatjaundiceortoguidethe4.lifting,lowering,floatingandsinking升降浮沉

Varyingdiseaseoftenappeartobearatendencytomoveupward,downward,towardstheexteriorortheinterior.Correspondingtotheabove,thedirectionofactionsofmedicinalherbsonhumanbodyalsohavethelifting,lowering,floatingandsinkingdistinctionliftingLoweringFloatingSinkingThedirectionofherbalactionsistowardtheupperparts,whichareindicatedforadiseaseinaloweranddeeperpartsTheyfunctiontowardthelowerpartsandpossesstheactionofdescendingadverseQiandareindicatedforthediseaseduetoadverseascendingofpathogenicfactorsFloatingherbsfunctiontowardtheupperandoutwardparts,generallyexerttheeffectsofsweatinganddispersingandareindicatedforthediseaseintheupperandsuperficialpartsSinkingherbsfunctiontowardthelowerandinwardparts,havetheeffectsofloweringtheadverseflowofQiandrelaxingbowelsandareindicatedforthediseaseinthelowerandinteriorHuangQi+ShengMa:DaiZheShi;ChengXiang;ShiJueMingMaHuang;ZiSu;FangFeng;DuHuoDaHuang;MuTongProlapsediseaseCough,dizziness,vomitingExteriorcoldConstipation;dysuriaTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedproperties4.lifting,lowering,floatingTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesTCMherbsintraditionallydefTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesTCMherbsintraditionallydefDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintDigitizationofTCMherbsintraditionallydefinedpropertiesDigitizationofTCMherbsintGeometricPictureofDigitalRepresentation

A=(1,1,1)B=(0,1,1)C=(1,1,1)D=(0,1,1)E=(0,0,0)F=(1,0,1)Featurevectors:DescriptorFeaturevectorPositiveexamplesNegativeexamplesGeometricPictureofDigitalRGeometricPictureofDigitalRepresentation

Featurevectorsininputspace:A=(1,1,1)B=(0,1,1)C=(1,1,1)D=(0,1,1)E=(0,0,0)F=(1,0,1)ZInputspaceXYBAEFFeaturevectorGeometricPictureofDigitalRClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipeskNNmethodClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesSupportVectorMachines(SVM)methodClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesSupportVectorMachines(SVM)methodClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesClassificationmethodsforideClassificationmethodsforidentifyingTCMrecipesClassificationmethodsforideCompatibilityofTCMHerbPairs1.Mutualreinforcement（相須）2.Mutualassistance（相使）3.Mutualrestraintordetoxication（相畏or相殺）4.MutualAntagonism（相惡）5.MutualIncompatibility（相反）TCMHerbPairsCompatibilityofTCMHerbPair1.Mutualreinforcement（相須）Thatis,twoormoreingredientswithsimilarpropertiesandeffectsareusedincombinationtoreinforceeachother’saction

MutualreinforcementEffects&ActionDaHuang+MangXiaoPurgatingactionTaoRen+HongHuaInvigoratingthebloodZhiMu+HuangBaiCleardeficientfeverRuXiang+MoYaoInvigoratingthebloodFuZi+GanJiangWarmuptheYangQiQuanXie+WuGongStopmuscleSpasmTCMHerbPairs1.Mutualreinforcement（相須）Mu2.Mutualassistance（相使）Thatis,Chinesemedicinalherbsthatarenotcertainlysimilarbuthavesomerelationshipintheaspectofmedicinalpropertiesandactionsareusedincombination,inwhichoneherbistakenasthedominatefactorandtheothersasitsassistantstoraiseitstherapeuticeffects.

DominateherbAssistantherbsEffects&ActionHuangQiFangJiPromotewatercirculation&permeatingthedampnessHuangLianMuXiangStopdiarrhea&abdomenpainDaHuangHuangQinCleardamp-heatTCMHerbPairs2.Mutualassistance（相使）Domi3.Mutualrestraintordetoxification（相畏or相殺）Thatis,mutualrestrainingeffectofdifferentmedicinestoweakenorneutralizeeachother’sharmfulness,suchastoxicityorside-effects.

MutualrestraintBanXia;DanNanXingShengJiangRenShengWuLingZhiFuZiGanJiangFuZiGanCaoTCMHerbPairs3.MutualrestraintordetoxifMutualAntagonism(相惡)Theabilityoftwosubstancestominimizeorneutralizeeachother’spositiveeffectsBaDouQianNiuZiGanYinWan(感應丸)DingXiangYuJinShiXiangFanHunSan(十香反魂散)ChuanWu&CaoWuXiJiaoDaHuoLuoWan(大活絡丸)RenShenWuLingZhiRouGuiChiShiZhi*LiuHuang*PuXiao*ShuiYin*PiShuang*LangDu*MiTuoShen*YaXiao*SanLengTCMHerbPairsMutualAntagonism(相惡)BaDouQiMutualIncompatibility(相反) CausesideeffectsortoxicityifusetogetherGanCaoGanSuiDaJiYuanHuaHaiZaoDosage:GanCao>=GanSuiWuTou(FuZi)BanXiaGuaLouBeiMuBaiJiBaiLianBeiMuorBanXia+FuZi(Noevidencesupportit)LiLuRenShenDangShenDanShenXuanShenShaShenKuShenXiXinBaiShaoXiXin+LiLu:causeanimaldeathinthelabTCMHerbPairsMutualIncompatibility(相反)GanTCMHerbPairsTCMHerbPairsTCMHerbPairsMethodTrainingSetTestingSetTestingMethodHerb-PairAccuracyNon-Herb-PairAccuracyPNN3603910-foldCV87.9%91.6%kNN72.1%97.1%SVM78.1%97.6%TCMHerbPairsMethodTrainingSTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacokineticsynergism

Byinhibitingtheactionsofthedrugeffluxtransporters,resultinginanaccumulationoftheTCMherbalingredientsandthusapotentiationoftheireffectsinthetargetcells.Anexampleisthecombinationofgenistein(fromSemenSojaePraeparata,OleumGlycines,RadixSophoraeJaponiae,FlosSophorae,FructusSophorae,FoliumSophoraeJaponiae,SemenGlycinesMax,CaulisSpatholobi,RadixSophoraeTonkinensis)andpaclitaxel(fromTaxusChinensis)TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynergisticactionsofpaclitaxelandgenisteinTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacokineticsynergism

Bymodulatingitsmetabolism,resultinginanaccumulationoftheTCMherbalingredientandthusapotentiationoftheireffectsinthetargetcells.AnexampleisthecombinationofTCMherbalingredientpaircomprisingofcaffeine(fromRadixCamelliaSinensis,FoliumCamelliaeSinensis,FructusCamelliaSinensis,FoliumIlicisCornutae,CortexFirmianaePlantanifoliae,RadixFirmianaePlantanifoliae,FlosFirmianaePlantanifoliae,FoliumFirmianaePlantanifoliae,SemenFirmianae)andapigenin(fromHerbaLagotidis,FlosCampsis,HerbaArtemisiaeAnomalae,HerbaEphedrae,FlosBuddlejae,HerbaArtemisiaeAnomalae,FlosGenkwa,RadixseuCortexDaphnesGenkwae,RadixCampsisGrandiflorae)TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynergisticactionsofcaffeineandapigeninTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacodynamicsynergism

Thecombinationofeugenol(fromFructusArtemisiaeArgyi,FoliumArtemisiaeArgyi,CaulisPerillaeFrutescentis,FoliumPerillaeFrutescentis,DianthusSuperbus,FructusPerillaePreparata,AlpiniaGalangae,FlosCaryophylli,RadixSyzygiiAromatic,LiquorDestillataCaryophylli,CortexSyzygiiAromatic,RamulusSyzygiiAromatic,FructusGalangae,PericarpiumZanthoxyli,FlosLonicerae,HerbaAsari)andlowconcentrationofquercetin(fromHerbaPatriniaeScabiosaefoliae,HerbaPatriniae,RadixBupleuri,HerbaEuphorbiaeHumifusae,RadixLamiophlomidisRotatae,RhizomaAlpiniaeOfficinarum,HerbaHyperici,HerbaLagotidis,CannabisSativaL.,TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingredientpairsdisplayingpharmacodynamicsynergism

RadixAstragali,FructusLigustriLucidi,HerbaArtemisiaeAnnuae,RadixArtemiiaeAnnua,SemenArtemisiae,HerbaTaxilli,FructusQuisqualis,RadixQuisqualisIndica,HerbaPyrolaeChinensis,HerbaEphedrae)exertsananti-allergicandanti-inflammatoryeffectthatalleviatesallergicrhinitis,whichiscongruoustothetherapeuticeffectoftheTCMherbalpair,HerbaAsariandHerbaEphedrae,containingeugenolandquercetinrespectively.ThisTCMherbalpairhasbeenusedtotreatallergicrhinitis.ThesimilarityintherapeuticeffectoftheTCMherbalingredientpairandtheTCMherbalpaircanbeasignofpossiblesynergismbetweentheingredientsintheTCMherbalingredientpair.TCMHerbPairsTCMherbalingreTCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynergisticactionsofeugenolandquercetin(lowconcentration)TCMHerbPairsMechanismofsynTCMCombinationTherapyCasestudy1:AntidepressantactivityofSt.John’sWortSt.John’sWort(SJW)isanextractfromtheplantHypericumperforatumL.NumerousclinicaltrialshaveshownthatSJWhadsignificantantidepressa