高中英語完形填空方法與技巧講解

Welcometoourclass!

Leading-inGuessthemissingwordsinthesongI’ma

NewSoul.BrainstormingI’maNewSoulI’ma_______soulIcametothisstrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitabouthowtogiveand_________.ButsinceIcameherefeltthejoyandthe_________findingmyselfmakingeverypossible___________la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la...

I’ma________soulinthisverystrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitaboutwhatistrueand________.Butwhyallthishatetrytocommunicatefindingtrustandloveisnotalwayseasytomake.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la...___New_____________________newtakefearmistakeyoungfake

Clozetest

Methods&Skills命題特點1．完形填空主要是在語篇語境中考查

知識。2．完形填空的體裁多以

為主，偶有議論文、夾敘夾議的文章或說明文。3．要求選擇填空的詞常為實詞（如名詞、動詞、

形容詞、副詞等）著重詞義辨析能力的考查；代詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞（包括從句的連接詞）考得較少。4.首句不設(shè)空。5.邏輯鏈上挖空（原文中有線索詞提示）。6.選項設(shè)計：同一詞類、同一語法形式。

記敘文詞匯跳過空格，通讀全文，把握大意再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查結(jié)合選項，綜合考慮，初定答案瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個擊破

完形填空的解題步驟三種主要解題技巧：

詞匯運用推理判斷緊抓主旨利用所學(xué)詞匯，根據(jù)文章大意辨析詞義，選出最佳選項，如：

Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout_____hisnotes.A.bringupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon【思路點撥】B。此題考查短語動詞的區(qū)別，這四個短語的基本意義為：bringup“養(yǎng)育，提出，吐出”，referto“論及，談到，參考”，lookfor“尋找”，tryon“試穿”，根據(jù)題義：“經(jīng)理在商務(wù)會議上講了一個小時沒看講稿”。應(yīng)選B。一、詞匯運用二、推理判斷我們可以從以下幾方面進(jìn)行推理判斷：1、運用“前置信息”與“后置信息”,即語境2、運用復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語3、運用同義詞或近義詞4、運用反義詞

5、運用上下義詞6、運用邏輯關(guān)系7、運用生活常識及文化背景知識

充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。例如：

Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived____

formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandforaholiday.

A.aloneB.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad

1、運用“前置信息”與“后置信息”2、利用復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語

有時為了表達(dá)的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出現(xiàn)，可以借助這一信息選擇正確答案。

AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1__.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof_2_.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetold

methatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help

在英語中有時為了避免重復(fù)，常用意思相同或相近的詞或解釋性的語言來連接上下文。

IrememberasachildIsaidsomething

_______aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,it’sareflectionofyou.”A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual【思路點撥】

A。近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，從后暗示unpleasant得知答案。3、利用同義詞或近義詞

語意的連貫有時通過對比的結(jié)構(gòu)采用反義復(fù)現(xiàn)的手段，或者是以反義的方式對前文加以解釋。應(yīng)注意分析這類概念復(fù)現(xiàn)，從反義的角度判斷正確的選項。

Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow(淺的).But

insomeplacesitisvery＿＿.A.highB.deepC.coldD.dangerous4、利用反義詞5、利用上下義詞上義詞是總稱詞，下義詞是被包含的個體。它們是包含與被包含的關(guān)系。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice的上義詞，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food的下義詞。

1.

Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother____,specificallyherhearing…（NMET2010湖北卷）

A.feelingB.organs

C.skillsD.senses2.I…droppedallthecoinsinto…“Itprovedtobeawasteof_______,”Ithought…

A.wordsB.effortC.spaceD.money

如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的firstly,secondly,finally等；如表示并列關(guān)系的and,or,besides,aswell(as)等；表示因果關(guān)系的thus,therefore,so等，表示改變話題的bytheway；表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的besides,what’smore,further等，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的however,but,while,ontheotherhand等等。

做題時如果能充分利用這些過渡詞匯，就可以迅速理清文章脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。

6、利用邏輯關(guān)系【小試闖關(guān)】1.WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.IdecidedtobuyacarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore____home.

A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting【思路點撥】此題考查行文邏輯中的因果關(guān)系、時間先后順序。從第一句的arrived可知題2選A（leaving）。2.Shewassmallinfigurebutstrong

in

____.A.brainB.wishC.willD.health根據(jù)連詞確定選項。7、運用生活常識及文化背景知識

了解生活常識，確定相關(guān)知識

1.Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir____.ThiswasthebeginningofanotherordinarydayinNewYorkCity.

A.jobs

B.homesC.busesD.offices

2.(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe___hospital.

A.animal

B.biggest

C.plant

D.nearest

三、緊抓主旨作者往往通過首句或首段揭示文章的主旨大意，體現(xiàn)文章的題材、體裁。在做完形填空時，我們要理清文章思路，把握作者的態(tài)度或思想情感，這對做好一篇完形有著非常重要的作用，否則可能導(dǎo)致幾個空格的連續(xù)選填失誤。Bedtimestoriesareoneofthedelightsofearlychildhood.AccordingtoDr.JulieSpreadburyfromQueenslandUniversity,Parentsshouldnot__1___readingtotheirchildrenaftertheyenterprimaryschool.A.speed

up

B.keep

up

C.give

up

D.hold

up

解題誤區(qū)

做完形填空時，除了依據(jù)所學(xué)語言知識和解題技巧外，還應(yīng)避免幾個誤區(qū)。1、單純求快，忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。2、時間安排不當(dāng)，做完形填空的時間應(yīng)控制在15分鐘左右。正確的做法是由易到難。Task:Usethemethodsyouhavelearnedtoanalyseyourhomework.Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthataredesignedforthe3children.Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.1.A.principleB.theory C.argumentsD.classification2.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living3.A.smart B.curious C.mature D.average4.A.regular

B.specialC.smallD.creative5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs

Practicemakesperfect!

NMET2011GuangdongClozeTestarguedchildrenclassesintellectual____children_____________theseHowevergifted同詞（同源詞）暗示同一話題暗示同一話題（場景）暗示反義暗示反義暗示因果暗示______________________________________________________________________However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.

5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs6.A.intelligent B.competentC.ordinary D.independent7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.boring8.A.speciallyB.slightlyC.wronglyD.heavily9.A.directlyB.cleverlyC.voluntarilyD.quickly

_________________________________反義暗示與gifted近義暗示giftedchildren_________________________________因果暗示反義暗示因果暗示

Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome10andloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis11ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese12simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare13.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey14sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisan15child.