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GlobalWarming–
ClimateChangeWhatdoIneed toknow?WhatdoIneed todo?KeyQuestions-?????Istheearth’satmospherewarming?Isthiswarmingcausingclimatechange?Arehumansimpactingonthiswarming?Ifso,whatcanIdoaboutit?IstheEarth’sAtmosphereWarming?Reviewglobaltempsforlast150yearsVariationsinlast15019thcentury–constant;Riseinearly20th;Leveloffinmid20th;Rapidrise1990-2009-Why?Whatcausesthispattern?Early–volcanoes,sun;Later–BurningfossilfuelsVariationsonglobalaveragetempsLandwarmerthanocean;MoreincreasetowardspolesAveragetempshaverisenabout1.5degreessincestartof20thcentury.Isthissignificant?Indicators-Butterflies,
Glaciers,andHurricanesSurfacetempsarenotonlyindicatorsofwarmingEarths’innertemps;Upperlevelsofoceans;Lowerlevelsofatmospherewarming-upperlevelscoolingEarth’scryosphere(snow&icecover)isdecreasingGlaciers,Arcticice,Icecaps,Icesheets-ReflectionsWeatherpatternsoverdecadesshowchangesMoreextremehotandcold;Precipitationchanges,Nighttemps;IncreaseinhurricanesPlantsandanimalspeciesaremovingNHmovingnorthwardandupward–6miles–6feet;Springtimeeventsearlier:2-3days(perdecade)WhatDeterminesaPlanet’sTemperature?Energybalance–betweenincomingsunlightandradiatedheatlossSunsendsinultravioletrays;Planetsendsoutinfraredrays–Earthbalancesoutatzero(0)degreesEarth’satmospherecauses“greenhouseeffect”Atmosphereis80%nitrogen,20%oxygen–transparenttosun’sincomingraysandEarth’soutgoingraysWatervaporandCO2istransparenttosun’sincomingultravioletraysBUTopaquetoEarth’soutgoinginfraredrays–Result–increaseinEarth’stempto60degreesATaleofThreePlanetsNeighboringplanets(Mars,Venus)canprovideuswitha“greenhouseexperiment”ComparisonofTemps–NoAtmosphereMars:-90F;Earth:oF;Venus:110FComparisonofTemps–WithAtmosphereMars:-120F;Earth:60F;Venus:500F(meltlead)ComparisonofAtmospheresMars:1%(.01)ofEarth’sdensity;Cooler–reflectsheatEarth:1.0density–providesnormalgreenhouseeffectVenus:100timesEarth’sdensity–96%isCO2;Allwaterisevaporated–powersgreenhouseeffect;CO2-permanentTheHumanFactorThreefactorsaffecttemps–twoarenatural,oneisus1.VolcanoesThrowsdustintoair;formsclouds;decreasestemps2.SunBurnratevaries;distancefromEarth;tiltofEarthaxis3.Anthropogenic–causedbyhumansBurnfossilfuels–increasesCO2inatmosphereOtherfactorsMethane(minor);Aerosals–particlesinairWhyblameus?Strongcorrelation–CO2,highertemps;Naturalcauses-varyingeffects;DominantcorrelationinrecentdecadeshasbeenanthropogenicProjectedImpactofClimateChange-2100TherewillbeasteadyriseinglobaltempsMostlikely3-8degrees;Dropof11degreeswouldbringnewIceAge;Increaseof9degrees–tropicsinNHExtremeweathereventswillincrease–greaterfluctuationinweatherHeatwaves;Intenseprecipitation;Droughts;IntensetropicalstormsSealevelswillriseAveragewillbe6”-18”(maybe20);Causedbywarmerwater,notmeltingice;SaltwaterwillencroachonfreshPolaradvancesofspecieswillaccelerateWhattoDo?–ReplaceFossilFuelsTwoquestions:1.Dowehaveit?2.Canwegetit?Threemainsourcesofenergy:1.SunSolar,Wind–Expensive;Limited;Variableavailability–cloudcover,noairmoving2.FossilFuelsNaturalgas–burnscleaner;Oil–runningout(decadesleft);Coal–dirtiest,butmostabundant(300yearsleft);Nuclear–cleanest,butmostdangerous3.TidalwavesRivers,dams,oceanwaves–limited,mostbeingusedalreadyWhyisGlobalWarmingSoControversial?SomepeopleinsistthisisjustanunproventheoryScientistshavetroublecommunicatingthistothegeneralpublicClimatechangecanbeconfusingandupsettingtopeopleSolutionswillhaveseriouseconomicandlifestyleimpactsPoliticaldifferencesamonggovernmentleadersimpactsprogresstowardssolutionsWhattoTeach
Students?1.Thereisadifferencebetweenweatherandclimate2.Globalwarmingisacceleratingandiscausedmainlybyhumansburningfossilfuels3.Globalwarmingiscausingclimatechangeandwillhaveasignificantimpactonpeopleandnature4.Earth’stemperatureswillmostlikelyrise3-8degreesbytheyear2100.5.Sealevelshavealreadyrisenandareprojectedtorisemuchmore6.ThereisscientificconsensusthatglobalwarmingiscausingclimatechangeandpresentsuswithsomeseriouschallengesWhattoTeachStudents?(2)7.Governmentalleadersfrommanycountriesareworkingoninternationalagreementstodealwithclimatechange8.Newtechnologiesmustbedevelopedtostabilizeandreducegreenhousegases9.Savingenergyanddevelopingalternativeenergysourceswillhelp10.EveryindividualpersoncantakeactionsdailytohelpwiththissituationWhatcanStudentsandtheirFamiliesDo?
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